WO1991002301A1 - Elektrischer schaltkreis - Google Patents
Elektrischer schaltkreis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1991002301A1 WO1991002301A1 PCT/EP1990/001067 EP9001067W WO9102301A1 WO 1991002301 A1 WO1991002301 A1 WO 1991002301A1 EP 9001067 W EP9001067 W EP 9001067W WO 9102301 A1 WO9102301 A1 WO 9102301A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- input
- current
- transistor
- output
- electrical circuit
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/59—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
- G05F1/567—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for temperature compensation
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical circuit with a plurality of current-voltage converters, the parameters of which depend in approximately the same way on external factors.
- the transmission resistance of a current-voltage converter depends on the temperature and other influencing variables.
- the temperature dependency in integrated circuits is particularly pronounced because of the strong changes in diffused or implanted resistors.
- the invention solves this problem in that one of the IU converters is provided as a reference IU converter, in that its transmission resistance is compared with the value of a reference resistor and in that a comparison criterion is used for setting the transmission resistance of all IU converters is derived.
- Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention
- Figure 2 shows a simple way of generating the reference current
- Figure 4 shows the symmetry of the reference voltage
- FIG. 5a shows the electricity generation for the balancing
- FIG. 5b shows the power generation with reversal of direction for the metering
- Figure 6 shows the breakdown of the IU converter into an input stage, a control stage and an output stage
- Figure 7 shows an IU converter with discretely controlled transmission resistance.
- an integrated circuit contains several, but at least two, IU converters Wr, W1, ..., Wn.
- Each IU converter has a current-sensitive, preferably low-input, a live output and a control input.
- One of the IU converters is provided as a reference IU converter Wr.
- a reference current Iref is generated in a reference current source Iq by means of a reference voltage source Uref and a reference resistor Rref and is supplied to the input of the reference IU converter Wr.
- the first input of a comparator V1 is connected to the output of the reference IU converter Wr and the second input is connected to the reference voltage source Uref.
- the control inputs of all IU converters Wr, Wl, ..., Wn are connected to the output of the comparator V1.
- the reference resistance Rref lies between the reference voltage source Uref and the input of the reference IU converter Wr. With this arrangement, the potential at the input of the reference IU converter Wr must be equal to the potential of the ground terminal. If the reference resistor Rref is connected externally, two connections are required on the integrated circuit.
- a differential amplifier Vd controls two current sources Iq1 and Iq2, which are shown here in the form of two transistors T1 and T2 with emitter resistors R1 and R2.
- the output of the differential amplifier Vd is connected to the bases of the transistors T1 and T2.
- the emitter resistors R1 and R2 lead to a common supply voltage source Ub1.
- the collector of the first transistor T1, which corresponds to the output of the first current source Iq1 is connected to the reference resistor Rref and the first input terminal of the differential amplifier Vd.
- the Kollek ⁇ gate of the second transistor T2, which corresponds to the output of the second current source Iq2, the reference IU converter Wr is connected to the input.
- the voltage drop across the reference resistor Rref must be equal to the reference voltage Urefi.
- the current required for this is supplied by the first current source Iq1.
- the current Iref to the input of the reference IU wall Lers Wr is supplied by the second current source Iq2.
- the current sources Iq1 and Iq2 can be dimensioned in such a way that their currents are identical to one another or that what is indicated by emp Chen IU converters is advantageous, the current Iref is a fraction K1 of the current through the reference resistor Rref.
- stabilization can be significantly better than with a chip-based resistance can be achieved.
- symmetrical signals are preferred.
- the reference IU converter Wr supplies the output signal Ur to two connection terminals with opposite polarity, the instantaneous voltage of both output terminals being dependent on the temperature or other influencing factors.
- a comparison of the symmetrical output signal Ur of the reference IU converter Wr with the asymmetrical reference voltage Uref must therefore be carried out.
- this can be done by a differential stage comprising two transistors T3 and T4, which is fed by a current source Iv, the current source Iv being dependent on the reference voltage Uref.
- An emitter resistor R3 is connected upstream of one of the two transistors.
- the bases of the transistors T3 and T4 are connected to the output terminals of the reference IU converter Wr.
- the collectors of the transistors T3 and T4 are connected to a current mirror Ssp.
- a signal Uv is taken from the output A of the current mirror Ssp, which e.g. is converted into a control signal Sr by an output amplifier.
- the function of this part of the comparator V1 results from the fact that, in the case of a mirror ifactor one of the current mirror Ssp and, in the balanced state, the rain Isch Lei fe, the same currents Iv / 2 flow through the two branches with the transistors T1 and T2 and that the voltage Ur must therefore be equal to the voltage drop Ur3 across the resistor R3.
- the current Iv is shown in FIG. 5 - "formed by the reference voltage Uref In figure-5a i st ⁇ n ⁇ Di ⁇ ei fferenzverEntr V2 vorge see, whose first input is connected to the one pole of the voltage source Uref Referenzspan-, whose second input is connected to the one terminal of a reference resistor Rref2 and the output thereof is connected to the base of a current source transistor T5, and the emitter of the current source transistor T5 is connected to the second input of the D fference amplifier V2 connected.
- the other pole of the reference voltage source Uref and the other connection of the reference resistor Rref2 are at ground or at a reference point.
- the voltage drop across the reference resistor Rref2 becomes equal to the reference voltage Uref.
- the current that can be drawn from the collector of the current source transistor T5 then corresponds to the current through the reference resistance Rref2, except for the low base current.
- the circuit from FIG. 5b differs from the circuit from FIG. 5a in the arrangement of the current source transistor T5, the collector of which is connected here to the second input of the differential amplifier V2, while the emitter represents the current source Len output Ai. While in FIG. 5a the second input of the differential amplifier V2 is of the inverting type, in FIG. 5b it must not be inverting. FIG. 5b also shows how a current source can be formed in the opposite direction.
- a resistor R5 is connected between the output Ai _and a _Versorgungssj3annungsttle Ub2 ge ⁇ cha ltet._
- the Ba ⁇ s e ls of a further transistor T6 is connected to the output of Diffe ⁇ ence amplifier V2.
- a resistor R6 lies between the supply voltage source Ub2 and the emitter of the transistor T6.
- the output current Iv in the opposite direction is taken from the collector of transistor T6, which is referred to as output Aj.
- the i-th IU converter is composed of an input stage Wai, a differential stage Wbi and an output stage Wci.
- the input stage Wai converts the input current Ii into a voltage Uai.
- the differential stage Wbi lying between the input stage Wai and the output stage Wci is made up of bipolar transistors T7 and T8, the bases of which are connected to the output of the input stage Wai, the emitters of which are connected to a current source Ibi and the collectors of which are connected to the inputs of the Output stage Wci are connected.
- the output stage Wci forms the output voltage Ui from the Ko L detector currents of the differential stage Wbi.
- the mode of operation is based on the fact that the steepness of the differential stage and thus its amplification is proportional to the current of the current source Ibi.
- the current Ibi In order to ensure that the i-th converter Wi has K times the transmission resistance compared to the reference IU converter Wr, the current Ibi must assume the K times the value of the current Ibr of the reference IU converter Wr. The technical means for this are known and therefore need not be described here. The possibility of making the factor K variable and thus controllable is included.
- FIG. 7 One possibility of making the transmission resistance discretely controllable and thus programmable is shown in FIG. 7.
- Several differential stages made of bipolar transistors T71 ,. T81; T72, T82; T73, T83; ... are connected on the input side to the Wai input section and on the output side to the Wci output section. They are fed by current sources Ib1, Ib2, Ib3 ... which can be switched on and off by controllable switches S1, S2, S3 ... If for the transistors T71, T81; T72, T82; T73, T83; ... the differential stages emitter resistors R71, R81; R72, R82; R73, R83; ... are provided, the linearity and other properties are improved.
- the steepness of the middle part Wbi results from the sum of the steepness of the differential stages switched on.
- the slope can be changed in stages by means of the controllable switches K1, K2, K3,. It is particularly advantageous to select the currents Ib1, Ib2, Ib3, ... in accordance with a sequence of potencies to the base 2. If emitter resistors are provided, their values must be assigned inversely. In addition, it is recommended that the areas of the transistors T71, T81; T72, T82; ... also staggered in the ratio of the currents, because this enables maximum accuracy and stability to be achieved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Analogue/Digital Conversion (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE59008203T DE59008203D1 (de) | 1989-07-27 | 1990-07-04 | Elektrischer schaltkreis. |
EP90910728A EP0484360B1 (de) | 1989-07-27 | 1990-07-04 | Elektrischer schaltkreis |
FI920357A FI920357A0 (fi) | 1989-07-27 | 1992-01-27 | Elektrisk kopplingskrets. |
KR1019920700180A KR0135629B1 (ko) | 1989-07-27 | 1992-01-27 | 전류 전압 변환기용 전기회로 |
HK106397A HK106397A (en) | 1989-07-27 | 1997-06-26 | Electrical switching circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP3924804.6 | 1989-07-27 | ||
DE3924804A DE3924804A1 (de) | 1989-07-27 | 1989-07-27 | Elektrischer schaltkreis |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1991002301A1 true WO1991002301A1 (de) | 1991-02-21 |
Family
ID=6385923
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1990/001067 WO1991002301A1 (de) | 1989-07-27 | 1990-07-04 | Elektrischer schaltkreis |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5245218A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0484360B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2871850B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR0135629B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1043272C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE116750T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU6073890A (de) |
DD (1) | DD295441A5 (de) |
DE (2) | DE3924804A1 (de) |
FI (1) | FI920357A0 (de) |
HK (1) | HK106397A (de) |
HU (1) | HU218058B (de) |
MY (1) | MY107257A (de) |
TR (1) | TR25653A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1991002301A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR930010834A (ko) * | 1991-11-25 | 1993-06-23 | 프레데릭 얀 스미트 | 기준 전류 루프 |
JP3102396B2 (ja) | 1997-12-03 | 2000-10-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | 電圧制御発振回路 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3956638A (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-05-11 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Battery paralleling system |
US3986101A (en) * | 1975-03-10 | 1976-10-12 | Ncr Corporation | Automatic V-I crossover regulator |
US4074146A (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1978-02-14 | Burroughs Corporation | Load sharing modular power supply system |
US4618779A (en) * | 1984-06-22 | 1986-10-21 | Storage Technology Partners | System for parallel power supplies |
CH659156A5 (en) * | 1982-11-30 | 1986-12-31 | Hasler Ag | Method for the protected supply of a load with a rectified DC voltage |
-
1989
- 1989-07-27 DE DE3924804A patent/DE3924804A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-07-04 DE DE59008203T patent/DE59008203D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-04 EP EP90910728A patent/EP0484360B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-04 WO PCT/EP1990/001067 patent/WO1991002301A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1990-07-04 HU HU9200206A patent/HU218058B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-04 JP JP2510661A patent/JP2871850B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-04 AU AU60738/90A patent/AU6073890A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-07-04 AT AT90910728T patent/ATE116750T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-21 CN CN90104774A patent/CN1043272C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-25 DD DD90343066A patent/DD295441A5/de unknown
- 1990-07-26 TR TR90/0725A patent/TR25653A/xx unknown
- 1990-07-27 MY MYPI90001270A patent/MY107257A/en unknown
-
1992
- 1992-01-27 KR KR1019920700180A patent/KR0135629B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-01-27 FI FI920357A patent/FI920357A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-02-07 US US07/840,911 patent/US5245218A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-06-26 HK HK106397A patent/HK106397A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3956638A (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-05-11 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Battery paralleling system |
US3986101A (en) * | 1975-03-10 | 1976-10-12 | Ncr Corporation | Automatic V-I crossover regulator |
US4074146A (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1978-02-14 | Burroughs Corporation | Load sharing modular power supply system |
CH659156A5 (en) * | 1982-11-30 | 1986-12-31 | Hasler Ag | Method for the protected supply of a load with a rectified DC voltage |
US4618779A (en) * | 1984-06-22 | 1986-10-21 | Storage Technology Partners | System for parallel power supplies |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1049065A (zh) | 1991-02-06 |
CN1043272C (zh) | 1999-05-05 |
HUT60046A (en) | 1992-07-28 |
TR25653A (tr) | 1993-07-01 |
EP0484360B1 (de) | 1995-01-04 |
DE59008203D1 (de) | 1995-02-16 |
ATE116750T1 (de) | 1995-01-15 |
US5245218A (en) | 1993-09-14 |
KR0135629B1 (ko) | 1998-05-15 |
JPH05501180A (ja) | 1993-03-04 |
DE3924804A1 (de) | 1991-01-31 |
HU9200206D0 (en) | 1992-04-28 |
MY107257A (en) | 1995-10-31 |
KR920704210A (ko) | 1992-12-19 |
JP2871850B2 (ja) | 1999-03-17 |
EP0484360A1 (de) | 1992-05-13 |
FI920357A0 (fi) | 1992-01-27 |
DD295441A5 (de) | 1991-10-31 |
AU6073890A (en) | 1991-03-11 |
HK106397A (en) | 1997-08-22 |
HU218058B (hu) | 2000-05-28 |
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