Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
  • B65B25/02—Packaging agricultural or horticultural products

Definitions

• the invention relates to a plant for the preparation of shrub-shaped plants, in particular rose plants, for packaging.
• binding devices are known which are used in such a way that a person first holds each individual plant into the device at one end, for example upstream of the roots, triggers a first binding, then pulls the plant out of the device, turns, with the other end in front again into the device, triggers the second binding and finally places the plant in a place where it can be reached or made accessible by an intermediate conveyor for another person who trims the shoots and roots with a cutting device .
• Working on binding and cutting devices is particularly tedious and not entirely harmless for plants with bulky roots and shoots.
• the object of the invention is therefore to prepare shrub plants for packaging with less human labor and without endangering them.
• the object is achieved by a system with
• At least one binding device for binding together protruding parts of the plants held in a holder and
• Protruding parts of the plant are to be understood as their roots and / or shoots. It is not always necessary to bind the roots as well as the shoots. The roots need not be bound if they are temporarily held together in a subsequent work step in which the plants are packaged as if they were bound. On the other hand, cases are conceivable in which the shoots of the plants need not be bound because they are then cut relatively short on the plant according to the invention. In such cases, it is sufficient if the plant according to the invention has only a single binding device. For appropriate considerations, it may be sufficient if the plant according to the invention has only a single cutting device with which either the roots or the shoots of the plant are shortened.
• FIG. 1 shows the floor plan of a first invention
• Fig. 2 shows the side view in the direction of arrow II in
• Fig. 1, Fig. 3 show the floor plan of a second erfindungsge
• Fig. 4 shows the side view in the direction of arrow IV in
• FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 3 with further details
• FIG. 6 shows the side view belonging to FIG. 5, partly as a “section in the vertical plane VI-IV
• FIG. 7 shows the view in the direction of the arrow VII in FIGS. 6 and 8 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 4.
• the system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has an elongated machine frame 10 in which an endless conveyor 12 is mounted.
• the conveyor 12 consists essentially of a pair of parallel chains 14, which run over deflection wheels 16 and drive wheels 18 and are driven together by a geared motor 20 in the direction of arrow A.
• the two chains 14 are connected to one another at regular intervals by carriages 22 which are each divided in a central transverse plane and each have a double joint 24 with two horizontal joint axes B arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the conveyor 12.
• each carriage 22 carries two forks 26 and 28 which are open at the top and which together form a holder 30 for a plant P.
• the fork 26 is intended for receiving the shoots T and the fork 28 is intended for receiving the roots W of the plant P.
• Each of the forks 26 and 28 is formed by two halves which are separated from one another by the central joint 24 and which always move away from one another when the chains 14 run over deflection wheels 16. This makes it easier to insert one plant P into the holders 30 at the start of the conveyor 12.
• the forks 26 and 28 which subsequently close around the shoots T or the roots W then clamp the plant P along their entire path along the upper run of the conveyor 12 and only release the plant at its rear deflection wheels 16, where the plant then can fall into a container or onto another conveyor.
• an endless belt 32 is guided over deflecting rollers 34 in such a way that it presses the plants P in the area between the forks 26 and 28, so that they do not act under the action of the following described devices can fall out of the forks.
• the endless belt 32 rotates synchronously with the chains 14 and can also be driven by the geared motor 20 for this purpose. Regardless of how the forks 26 and 28 or the like. and whether the endless belt 32 is necessary or not, a pair of endless belts 36 and 38 can be arranged on both sides of the conveyor 12, slightly diverging in the conveying direction A, which also rotate synchronously with the chains 14 and clamp the ends of the shoots T or the roots W of the plants P lying on the carriage 22 and, above all, tighten the roots for the subsequent operations.
• a binding device 40 or 42 of a type known per se for binding the shoots T or the roots W is arranged on the two long sides of the conveyor 12. Further downstream, a cutting device 44 and 46 for trimming the shoots T and roots W is arranged on the two long sides of the conveyor 12. 1 and 2, each of the two cutting devices 44 and 46 consists of a pair of fine-toothed circular saws.
• a group of hot wax fountains 48 is provided, which essentially consists of nozzles in a collecting basin 50 be directed vertically upwards, wet the shoots T and then drip back into the catch basin 50.
• the wax which forms the hot wax fountains 48 at a temperature which is still acceptable for the shoots T, solidifies before the plants P have left the area above the collecting basin 50, and then forms a protective layer which prevents the shoots T from drying out.
• the conveyor 12 and its carriage 22 are essentially the same formed as in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• the endless belts 32, 36 and 38 are not present, since the plants P are held in the holders 30 in a manner different from FIGS. 1 and 2, which are described below becomes.
• Neither of the two binding devices 40 from FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown in FIGS. 3 to 8, since due to the fact that such binding devices are known, more and more explanations appear unnecessary. 3 to 8, only one binding device is provided, and this serves to bind the shoots T of the plants P, while the roots remain unbound.
• the two cutting devices 44 and 46 according to FIGS. 3 to 8, as will be described below, are designed differently from FIGS. 1 and 2.
• each of the carriages 22 consists of a front and a rear half 52 or 54, which are connected to one another by double joints 24 with transverse joint axes B.
• a pair of wheels 56 is mounted on each of the two supports 52 and 54 of each carriage 22, which run on rails 58 on the machine frame 10 during the forward movement of the carriage 22 in the direction of arrow A.
• each carriage 22 On the front half 52 of each carriage 22, two transverse vials 60 are rotatably aligned in a bearing 62, but axially immovable.
• a bracket 64 for holding down a plant P inserted in the forks 26 and 28 is fastened to the outer end of each shaft 60 with respect to the associated carriage 22.
• At the other end of each shaft 60 is a ratchet wheel 66 which is sawtooth-toothed.
• the ratchet wheels 66 cooperate with a ratchet pawl 68, which is mounted on the front half of the carriage 52 in such a way that, under the effect of its own weight, if necessary supported by a spring, it strives to engage in the associated ratchet wheel 66.
• a locking lever 70 is attached to each of the locking wheels 66, and a control member 72 in the form of a roller is mounted on its free end.
• Each of the locking levers 70, and thus also the associated bracket 64, is pretensioned by a spring 73 indicated in FIG. 6 in the sense of pivoting ⁇ upward in the opening direction.
• actuators 74 are arranged in the form of draw hooks in an initial region of the conveyor. These are each connected to a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 76 via a tension spring 75. By retracting the piston-cylinder unit 76, the rollers 72 of a carriage 22, which is in an initial position, can be pulled forward with an adjustable force. The result of this is that each of the locking levers 70, based on the illustration in FIG. 4, exerts a torque counterclockwise on the associated shaft 60.
• each carriage 22 carries only one complete fork 26 and, instead of the other fork, a receptacle 28, both of which are attached to the rear half 54 of the carriage.
• a release lever 78 is mounted, which can be swiveled in a vertical longitudinal plane of the conveyor 12 and normally assumes an ineffective position in which it is inclined obliquely backwards and downwards.
• a control member 80 is arranged in the form of a stationary roller, on which the release lever 78 runs, so that it is pivoted upwards.
• the two pawls 68 of the carriage 22 in question are pivoted upward.
• the two locking wheels 66 are released, so that the two brackets 64 of the carriage 22 in question are pivoted upward into their open position by the associated spring 73.
• Each of the two cutting devices 44 and 46 has a fixed knife 82 with two straight cutting edges 84 and 86, which converge in the direction of movement A of the conveyor 12 and form a right angle with one another. With these two straight cutting edges 84 and 86, an arcuate cutting edge 88 of a pivotable knife 90 interacts, which is pivotably mounted on the fixed knife 82 in a vertical longitudinal plane of the conveyor 12 and can be actuated with a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 92 only indicated.
• Each of the two separating devices 44 and 46 is arranged on a slide 94 which is mounted on a pair of horizontal guide rods 96 arranged transversely to the direction of movement A by means of a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit 98 between an adjustable working position in the immediate vicinity of the conveyor 12 and a rest position at a greater distance can be pushed back and forth by the conveyor.
• a handwheel 100 is provided for setting the working position.
• a plant P is placed transversely in the fork 26 and receptacle 28 of each carriage 22 at the beginning of the conveyor 12, as long as the two brackets 64 assume their open position.
• the insertion of the plant P is determined by a sensor of the usual type, not shown, which is arranged at the insertion point and which causes the piston-cylinder unit 76 to pull the actuating members 74 forward.
• the stirrups 64 are closed to a greater or lesser extent by their closing levers 70, so that the plant P is held in place by the stirrups 64 with sufficient, but still harmless, forces.
• the plant P in question reaches a position in which its shoots T protrude into the binding device 40 and are bound together by the latter.
• the plant P reaches the two cutting devices 44 and 46, from which the shoots T and roots W are trimmed.
• the angular arrangement of the fixed blades 84 and 86 prevents the drives T or roots W of the movable blade 88 from evading.
• the release lever 78 runs onto the control member 80 with the result that the plant P is released from the brackets 64 and falls out of the fork 26 and receptacle 28 as soon as the carriage 22 in question moves downwards at the end of the conveyor 12.
• a scraper 102 is arranged there, which ensures that the plant P is safely detached from the carriage 22 and falls onto a further conveyor (not shown) or into a container.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
• Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
• Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)
• Packaging Of Machine Parts And Wound Products (AREA)
• Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
• Telephone Function (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6373845

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (16)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1989
  • 1989-02-10 DE DE3904045A patent/DE3904045C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1990
  • 1990-02-08 PL PL90283689A patent/PL163156B1/pl unknown
  • 1990-02-09 HU HU901544A patent/HU206294B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-02-09 DE DE9090102589T patent/DE59000558D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-02-09 DK DK90102589.0T patent/DK0382247T3/da active
  • 1990-02-09 US US07/585,146 patent/US5113633A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-02-09 ES ES199090102589T patent/ES2036064T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-02-09 EP EP90102589A patent/EP0382247B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-02-09 DD DD90337736A patent/DD292193A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-02-09 CA CA002024017A patent/CA2024017A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-02-09 AT AT90102589T patent/ATE83205T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-02-09 WO PCT/EP1990/000214 patent/WO1990009317A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1990-02-09 JP JP2502959A patent/JPH03503876A/ja active Pending
  • 1990-10-09 RU SU904831281A patent/RU1833335C/ru active
• 1992
  • 1992-12-14 GR GR920402904T patent/GR3006530T3/el unknown
  • 1992-12-30 LV LVP-92-598A patent/LV10413B/xx unknown
• 1993
  • 1993-08-20 LT LTIP881A patent/LT3433B/lt not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events