Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
  • C08F10/14—Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms
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  • C08F299/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
  • C08F299/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers from unsaturated polycondensates
  • C08F299/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers from unsaturated polycondensates from polyesters
  • C08F299/0478—Copolymers from unsaturated polyesters and low molecular monomers characterised by the monomers used
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  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/01—Hydrocarbons
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  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D123/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D123/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C09D123/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
  • C09D123/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
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  • C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D151/08—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C09D151/085—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to polysiloxanes
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  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D183/10—Block or graft copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences
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  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
  • C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
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  • C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09J151/08—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C09J151/085—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to polysiloxanes
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  • C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
  • C09J7/40—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by release liners
  • C09J7/401—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by release liners characterised by the release coating composition
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
  • D06M13/03—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons with unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. alkenes, or alkynes
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  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
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  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
  • C08F110/14—Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms
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  • C09J2400/00—Presence of inorganic and organic materials
  • C09J2400/10—Presence of inorganic materials
  • C09J2400/16—Metal
  • C09J2400/163—Metal in the substrate
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  • C09J2401/00—Presence of cellulose
  • C09J2401/006—Presence of cellulose in the substrate
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  • C09J2423/00—Presence of polyolefin
  • C09J2423/005—Presence of polyolefin in the release coating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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  • C09J2463/00—Presence of epoxy resin
  • C09J2463/005—Presence of epoxy resin in the release coating
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  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J2483/00—Presence of polysiloxane
  • C09J2483/005—Presence of polysiloxane in the release coating
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
  • Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic

Definitions

• the invention relates to inorganic, organometallic and / or organic compositions containing hydrocarbons rich in methyl groups, which are characterized by their hydrophobic and / or abhesive properties. They can be used in many fields of application under very economical conditions as materials, coating and impregnating agents, film and foil material and the like.
• the hydrocarbons rich in methyl groups according to the invention can also be used as reactive diluents, plasticizers and to create a low-oxygen reaction environment.
• the hydrophobic and / or abhesive finishes of materials, surfaces and the like play an important role economically.
• the hydrophobic and thus the water-repellent finish you want to protect the surfaces effectively against water and any kind of corrosion.
• full breathability of the material and substrate is also required.
• the aim is to achieve surface properties on which no adhesive substances adhere firmly and can be removed again without leaving any residue. They have become particularly important as release coatings for release substrates in the production of adhesive films and tapes.
• the solvents evaporate after processing and often have a negative impact on the environment.
• the greasy substances e.g. Paraffin, wax and metal soaps, largely replaced by expensive silicone release agents because their release properties no longer met the high technical requirements.
• thermosensitive materials and substrates cannot be equipped with them. Due to the thermal load, they change their original shape and physical states. With moisture-containing materials and substrates, such as cellulose-containing materials, flat paper webs, a short-term thermal load is possible, but they must then be re-moistened with water vapor aerosols in order to approximate their original properties, e.g. flatness. This remoistening technology is not only expensive and energy-intensive, it is also technically very controversial. The functionality on which the hydrophobicity and adhesion is based is described in detail in the literature.
• the decisive factor here is not just non-polarity in the chain branching per molecular unit, but also the highest possible level of non-polar methyl groups. It is precisely this content of non-polar methylene groups that is decisive for the degree of hydrophobicity and the adhesion of a mass.
• the functionality of hydrophobicity and adhesion can be represented schematically by the so-called "brush effect" on a dimethyl silicone compound:
• paraffin-containing compositions cannot be cured at too high temperatures.
• short reaction times at elevated temperature cannot be achieved with paraffin-containing curable compositions, because it is only allowed to warm up when the paraffin has completely floated out.
• curable compositions containing paraffin are excellent for grinding, the industry has long been waiting for improved solutions.
• the aim and object of the present invention was to provide inorganic, organometallic and / or organic compositions and reactive thinners and plasticizers, the hydrophobic and / or abhesive properties of which are technically improved in comparison with conventional products and, above all, more economical. At the same time, the above disadvantages are to be overcome.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl and / or ethyl radical. They mainly consist of mixtures with the following olefin types:
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 have the above meaning.
• the contents of type 1 and 2 together are at least 40%. Fractional separation or distillation processes can be used to economically obtain the individual types of oil with a relatively high degree of purity.
• these monomers have at least 2.0, preferably 3.0 to 4.0, methyl groups per molecule and, owing to the CoxylC double bond, can be polymerized, ethoxylated and furthermore reacted or converted with a large number of functional groups.
• the invention relates to hydrophobic and / or adhesive compositions based on inorganic, organometallic and / or organic compounds, reactive thinners and plasticizers, and their use, characterized in that they have a content of 0.1 to 99.9% by weight. % based on the mass of monomeric, oligomeric and / or polymeric hydrocarbon compounds rich in methyl groups and / or their derivatives of the general formula in which mean:
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 H, -CH 3 and / or -CH 2 -CH 3
• a and B H, -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 3 and / or a radical of the above general Formula 2
• n an integer between 0 and 20,000,000, preferably 50 to 1,000,000, in particular 50 to 500,000, and the methyl group content at least 2.0, preferably 3.0 to 4.0 mol per monomer or Monomer unit.
• the methyl group-rich hydrocarbons according to formula 1 according to the invention are aliphatic compounds with an unsaturated double bond and a methyl group content of at least 2.0, in particular 3.0 to 4.0, moles per molecule.
• Representatives of this group are e.g. Butene-2; 2-methylbutene-1; 3-methylbutene-2; 2,3-dimethylbutene-1; 2,3-dimethylbutene-2; 2-methylpropene-1; 2,3-dimethylpentene-2; 3.4 dimethylhexene-3; 3-methylhexene-3.
• the monomeric olefin types are dimerized, oligomerized or polymerized with one another or with one another by known processes, liquid to solid products with different molecular weights are formed, but with definable contents of nonpolar methyl groups in the chain branch.
• the solid homopolymeric olefin polymers have "wax-like" properties, the melting points of which depend on the degree of polymerization in temperature ranges between
• the hydrocarbons rich in methyl groups according to the invention and their derivatives according to formula 2 are alkenes, cycloalkenes, arylalkenes, open-chain and cyclic polyenes. They are obtained by known processes via dimerization, mixed dimerization, oligomerization, mixed oligomerization, polymerization, copolymerization, polycondensation and / or polyaddition with at least one of the compounds of the formula 1 and / or 3 rich in methyl groups.
• oligomerization and / or polymerization of such compounds are described in detail in the literature (inter alia Houben-Weyl Volume V / 1a and 1b, 1972). No protection is sought in the context of the present invention.
• the oligomerization and / or mixed oligomerization can be carried out using cationic and anionic catalysts, coordination catalysts, but also thermally or photochemically.
• the dinates, oligomeric, polymeric and / or copolymeric compounds of formula 1 according to the invention are preferably ⁇ -olefins with at least one C-C double bond.
• the dimeric and oligomeric compounds include for example the following: 2,4,4-trimethylpentene-1; 2,4,4-trimethylpentene-2; 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptene-3; 2, 2, 4,6,6-pentamethylheptene-2; 2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9, 10,10,11-heptadecanemethyldodecen-2; 2,4,4,6,6,8,8-heptamethylnonen-2; 2, 2,4,4,6,6,8,8,10-nonamethylundecen-2; 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptene-1; 2,3,4,4,5,5,6,7-octamethyloctadiene-2,7.
• the oligomeric hydrocarbon compounds according to the invention can also be mixtures or mixed oligomers. They generally have a carbon number between 10 and 50 and their flash points are> 100 ° C, especially between 105 and 250 ° C.
• the chain branch is 2.0, in particular 3.0 to 4.0, mol of methylene groups per monomeric olefin type according to formula 1.
• a typical representative of this group is, inter alia, the following with the following chemical and physical data: olefin types: 2,3-dimethylbutene-2 proportion approx. 30-40%
• the viscosity is approx. 3.5 mm 2 / s at 50 ° C and the flash point is> 110 ° C.
• This compound contains at least one CC double bond.
• the monomeric olefin types according to the invention can be dimerized with other comonomers *), oligomerized and polymerized with different degrees of polymerization.
• These dimeric, oligomeric and / or polymeric homo- and / or copolymers according to the invention are each produced by the known and suitable polymerization, polycondensation and / or polyaddition processes. The same applies to the conversion of such compounds with functional groups, e.g. by addition reactions that are adequately described in the literature (including Houben-Weyl, Volume V 1b, 1972).
• dimeric, oligomeric and / or polymeric compounds which have a content of at least one mole of one or more of the hydrocarbons according to the invention.
• Comonomers are understood to mean all the compounds which are polymerisable, regardless of their molecular weight. Not only the reactivity on the one hand and the economy on the other hand, but also the hydrophobic, abhesive and / or plasticizing properties of one of the end products can be gradually influenced via this content.
• the epoxidized monomers, oligomers and polymers of the hydrocarbon types according to the invention occupy a special position.
• the methylene group-rich hydrocarbons according to the invention can also be used with compounds which contain active hydrogen atoms, such as e.g. Implement amines, imines, amides, mono- and polybasic acids and their anhydrides and, if necessary, polyadd.
• the epoxidation of the hydrocarbon types according to the invention and their derivatives according to formulas 1 and 2 can be carried out by oxidation with peracids, such as perbenzoic acid, but also by hydrogen peroxide. Butyl hydroperoxide and the like take place (see, inter alia, Houben-Weyl, Volume VI / 3, 1965).
• Examples include: 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane; 5,6-epoxy2,2,5-trimethylhexane; 2,3; 4,5-diepoxy-2,3,4,5-tetramethylhexane; 1,2; 5,6-diepoxy-6-methylheptane; 5,6-epoxy-2,2,5-trimethylhexene; 3,4-epoxy-2,3,4-trimethylpentanal; 2,3; 6,7-diepoxy-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexamethyloctene; 2,3; 6,7-diepoxy-2,3,4,4,5,5,6,7-octamethyloctane.
• Another object of the present invention is the use of the compounds according to the invention as thinners, solvents and plasticizers in inorganic, organometallic and / or organic compositions.
• the reactive hydrocarbon types according to the invention and their derivatives are of particular importance according to the invention. They can be dissolved and diluted with the monomeric and / or oligomeric hydrocarbon types alone or in combination with other reactive thinners and solvents, including unsaturated polyester resins, acrylic and methacrylic compounds.
• the hydrocarbons and their derivatives according to the invention form an inert protective layer on the surface which reduces and prevents the inhibition of the reaction by atmospheric oxygen .
• unsaturated compounds such as unsaturated polyester resins, acrylic and methacrylic compounds
• the hydrocarbons and their derivatives according to the invention form an inert protective layer on the surface which reduces and prevents the inhibition of the reaction by atmospheric oxygen .
• they are chemically integrated into the end product matrix. Since the liquid monomeric, oligomeric and polymeric types do not crystallize, in contrast to paraffin additives, no problems arise during storage. Even when such compositions are hardened at elevated temperatures, the compounds rich in methyl groups according to the invention orient themselves rapidly towards the surface and thereby quickly form an inert protective film.
• the oligomers and / or polymers used can be chemically inert or still have reactive functional groups. Which of these compounds are used preferably depends on the formulations, the processing conditions and the additional properties required. In a reactive, curable composition, it is preferred to use those compounds according to the invention which still carry functional groups because they are chemically incorporated into the matrix of the end product via these.
• non-reactive compounds according to the invention are preferred so that they do not contain any additional points of attack due to environmental influences in the end product.
• the hydrophobic and / or adhesive compounds according to the invention can be constructed on an inorganic, organometallic and / or organic basis. They can be in liquid, pasty, thixotropic, semi-solid and / or solid form.
• Suitable monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric inorganic compounds include: hydraulically setting masses, cements, e.g. Portland alumina cement, gypsum, anhydrite, magnesite, lime, silicates, e.g. Water glass and the like.
• the organometallic and / or organic comonomers include all the compounds which are suitable for polymerization, polycondensation and / or polyaddition with the hydrocarbons rich in methyl groups according to the invention and their derivatives. This also includes graft polymerization. The surprisingly found polycondensation is likely to be justified with an allyl rearrangement.
• the comonomers for the radical, ionic, coordinative, radiation and photochemical polymerization with the methyl group-rich hydrocarbons according to the invention and their derivatives can be selected from the family of unsaturated compounds. All monomeric, oligomeric, polymeric and / or copolymeric compounds with at least one reactive C-C double bond and / or C-C triple bond in the molecule are suitable for this purpose insofar as they can be reacted with the compounds according to the invention.
• Such compounds include unbranched, branched and / or substituted alkenes, cycloalkenes, arylalkenes, open-chain and cyelic polyenes, allenes, cumulenes, arenes, arynes and the like.
• the substituents or characteristic groups include hydroxyl, halogen, carboxyl, nitrile -, Cyanate, amine, amide, imine, imide, sulfonyl, aldehyde, ketone, ketene, urethane, epoxy groups and the like.
• the compounds can contain one and / or more unsaturated groups.
• Representatives of this group include monomers, oligomers and polymers of ethylene, propylene, butylene, isoprene, isobutylene, butadiene, butene- (2) -diol- (1,4), ethyne, 3-penten-1-in; Vinyl acetate, vinyl laurate, crotonaldehyde, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides; Styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, acenaphthylene; Acrylic and methacrylic acid and their esters, acid amides; vinyl, acrylic, methacrylic and / or allyl group-bearing siloxanes, urethanes and epoxides; mono- and polyunsaturated mono-, di- and polycarboxylic acids, their anhydrides and esters, such as triamethyl trimellitate; unsaturated polyester resins, such as from maleic acid and / or phthalic acid with saturated and unsaturated glycol
• the polymerization of the hydrocarbons rich in methyl groups according to the invention and their derivatives can be carried out alone or with suitable comonomers in bulk and in solution, but also in the heterogeneous phase as emulsion, bead, suspension and / or precipitation polymerization.
• Such compounds are, for example, high and low pressure polyethylene of low and high density, chlorinated and chlorosulfonated polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylic acid ester, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-butylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate- Copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, polyisoprene (natural rubber), polybutadiene, polychloroprene, synthetic polyisoprene, ethylene-propylene-ethylidene norbornene, butadiene-styrene copolymer, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, butadiene-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-isoprene rubber block block Silicone rubber, saturated polyesters,
• Suitable comonomers for polycondensation and polyaddition reactions are all organometallic and / or organic compounds which are suitable for such reactions with the hydrocarbon types according to the invention and their derivatives.
• the comonomers capable of polycondensation carry, inter alia, hydroxyl and halogen groups and the like.
• the organometallic and / or organic compounds which have reactive hydrogen atoms are particularly suitable for polyaddition.
• the polyaddition reactions with comonomers differ between the hydrocarbon types of the formulas 1 and 2 from the compounds of the formula 3.
• the compounds according to In formula 1 and 2 the addition proceeds either according to the Markovnikov rule or in the case of radical addition, for example under the influence of rays or catalysts, such as peroxides, contrary to this rule (also called AntiMarkovnikov addition).
• the addition takes place on the epoxy group.
• the epoxidation of the hydrocarbon types according to the invention and their derivatives according to formulas 1 and 2 can be carried out by oxidation with peracids, such as perbenzoic acid, but also by hydrogen peroxide. Butyl hydroperoxide and the like.
• organometallic compounds of silicon with the hydrocarbon types according to the invention and their derivatives occupy a special position. They can be used to carry out addition reactions with compounds that still contain hydrogen atoms on the silicon. A distinction is made here between reactions that follow a radical mechanism, e.g. Peroxides, rays, or after one
• Suitable reaction partners include unbranched, branched and / or cyelic silanes, silanols, polysilanes, polyorganosiloxanes, polysilazanes, polysilthians, polysilalkenyls, polysilarylenes, polysilalkensiloxanes, polysilarylenesiloxanes, polysilalkylenesilanes, polysilarylenesilanes and / or preferably with these organofunctional groups or organofunctional groups
• the hydrocarbon types and their derivatives according to the invention can additionally take on the function of a reactive solvent, thinner and / or plasticizer without changing the good hydrophobic and / or abhesive properties.
• the ratios of organosilicon compounds to the hydrocarbon types according to the invention and their derivatives can be in the ratio of 99: 1 to 1:99, in addition to the function as reactant that of a plasticizer and / or take over thinner.
• Inert organic compounds can also be dissolved, diluted and / or plasticized on the hydrocarbon types according to the invention and their derivatives.
• the known reaction initiators for the individual polymerization, polycondensation, polyaddition, vulcanization and / or graft polymerization systems, ie very generally reactive compounds which can initiate reactions, are suitable for implementing the hydrocarbon types and their derivatives according to the invention.
• these include catalysts, such as metal complexes, known initiators and free radical formers, such as peroxides, hydroperoxides, peracids, their derivatives and salts; Oxidizing agents such as lead dioxide, manganese dioxide; Hardeners, such as polyamines, polyamide amines; Isocyanates and their derivatives; Mercaptans and mercapto compounds.
• catalysts such as metal complexes, known initiators and free radical formers, such as peroxides, hydroperoxides, peracids, their derivatives and salts; Oxidizing agents such as lead dioxide, manganese dioxide; Hardeners, such as polyamines, polyamide amines; Isocyanates and their derivatives; Mercaptans and mercapto compounds.
• reaction accelerators which, among other things, easily release electrons and can therefore take on tasks such as accelerated peroxide decay.
• These include heavy metal compounds, amines, amides, imines, imides, mercaptans,
• reaction reactions can also be carried out photochemically using photoinitiators and ultraviolet radiation; with ionizing rays, such as gamma, X-ray, electron, ion beams; Infrared or emitted infrared rays are carried out.
• photoinitiators and ultraviolet radiation with ionizing rays, such as gamma, X-ray, electron, ion beams; Infrared or emitted infrared rays are carried out.
• compositions according to the invention can be modified by further additives.
• Suitable additives include Plasticizers, oils, tars, asphalts, bitumens, solvents, dyes, pigments, thixotropic agents, inorganic and / or organic fillers and fiber, wetting and leveling agents. Stabilizers and / or inhibitors can also be added to them.
• Another object of the present invention is the use of the hydrophobic and / or adhesive compositions, thinners and / or plasticizers according to the invention in many areas of technology, the commercial economy, handicrafts, do-it-yourselfers and the like.
• hydrocarbon compounds according to the invention and the derivatives produced therewith improved new coating, coating, coating, impregnating and / or release agents can be produced in the hydrophobic and / or adhesive properties.
• hydrophobic and / or adhesive properties can also be significantly improved.
• Further inventive features are that the hydrocarbon compounds according to the invention and the derivatives produced therewith are extremely economical and environmentally friendly.
• the hydrocarbon compounds according to the invention and their derivatives offer special advantages due to their higher boiling points and flash points and are at the same time more economical and environmentally friendly. So they can substitute the inert or reactive, flammable and / or non-flammable solvents in a variety - according to the current state of the art - of coating, coating, painting, impregnating and / or release agents, which also makes them more economical, environmentally friendly and at the same time can be improved in their hydrophobic and / or adhesive properties.
• hydrocarbon compounds according to the invention and their derivatives are their use in addition and condensation-crosslinking polydimethylsiloxane systems which are used as water repellents and release agents in many areas of technology.
• These water repellents and release agents often have to have high proportions of inert solvents, such as white spirit, toluene, xylene, chlorinated hydrocarbon, be diluted so that they can be applied.
• inert solvents as processing aids can now be substituted entirely by one or more low molecular weight, reactive diluents, according to the present invention. Since the thinner with its high content of methylene groups per molecule is built into the cross-linked matrix, the hydrophobic and / or abhesive properties are markedly improved at the same time.
• the hydrocarbons and their derivatives according to the invention can not only take on the function of a diluent, but also the abhesive properties, measured in terms of release forces versus sticky masses, can be adjusted via their content of methyl groups. Since they are also a supplier of the non-polar methyl groups as reactants, even high proportions of the polydimethylsiloxanes can be substituted and the abhesive properties can also be improved.
• thermosensitive plastic webs can be equipped with the abhesive agents according to the invention. All in all, the coating technology can also be made cheaper because the disposal problems are greatly reduced.
• unsaturated compounds such as unsaturated polyester resins, acrylic, methacrylic and allyl compounds
• the hydrocarbon compounds and their derivatives according to the invention create an inert protective layer against oxygen-containing atmospheres according to the present invention with a sufficiently high methyl group content.
• the amounts added can be below 10%, based on the content of reactive compounds.
• they are integrated into the plastic matrix as a protective agent. This fact is of particular interest for radiation-curable products, because it makes it possible to dispense with a protective gas atmosphere and / or the addition of synergists during the hardening.
• Another particular application of the present invention is the production of self-supporting films and foils with specific hydrophobic and / or abhesive properties from the polymeric hydrocarbon compounds according to the invention and their derivatives. They can be used to produce hydrophobic and / or dirt-repellent films for the building industry, adhesive release films for covering and packaging sticky materials and substrates, such as pressure-sensitive adhesives, adhesive films and tapes, which, in addition to improved properties, are more economical and environmentally friendly.
• the compounds according to the invention are also suitable for impregnation and for the hydrophobic finishing of natural substances, such as cellulose fibers, wood chips and the like.
• natural substances such as cellulose fibers, wood chips and the like.
• it can also be used to make the wood chips for chipboard production hydrophobic.
• the saturated isoparaffins do not fulfill this function.
• the compounds according to the invention participate in the setting reactions of the polycondensation or polyaddition glues.
• the hydrophobic and / or adhesive compositions, thinners and / or plasticizers according to the present invention which cannot be discussed in detail.
• Oligomer 1 oligomer mixture of 2,3-dimethylbutene-2 (40%),
• Polymer 1 Low molecular weight polymer made from oligomer 1
• the 3 coating compositions were used to coat sandblasted steel sheets in a layer thickness of approximately 100 microns. After about 10 minutes, all 3 coating compositions gelled and were fully hardened after a further 20 minutes. While the
• Coating compositions according to Examples 1 and 2 showed no sticky and sandable surface, the surface from the comparative coating composition was sticky. The reaction was inhibited by atmospheric oxygen on the surface.
• a filler was made from a highly reactive, unsaturated polyester (viscosity approx. 1000 cP, styrene content approx. 35%) *) and 3% polymer 1 was added. For comparison, 5% paraffin was added to the same filler instead of polymer 1. After adding 4% by weight of benzoyl peroxide, 50% in plasticizer, these compositions cured within 10 minutes. While the mass with the paraffin additive was sticky on the surface, the mass with the polymer according to the invention had no sticky surface. Both masses were then stored in deionized water for 4 weeks. The mass with the additive according to the invention showed no change, while that with the paraffin additive was matt and had cracks on the surface.
• condensation-crosslinking silicone release agents were produced and coatings were carried out:
• Substrate satin paper, 67 g / m 2 application weight (wet) g / m 2 2-3 2-3 40 application weight (dry) g / m 2 2-3 2-3 2
• Test tape acrylic adhesive
• Crosslinker (hydrogen siloxane) 3 3 3 catalyst (hexachloroplatinic acid) 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 viscosity / 20 ° C mPa.s 300 400 500 substrate: satin paper, 67 g / m 2
• a methylhydrogen polydimethylsiloxane with a viscosity of 150-300 mm 2 s -1 / 25 ° C and an average molecular weight of 2500 was selected as a building protection agent.
• methyl hydrogen polydimethylsiloxane was dissolved in oligomer 1 and, for comparison, white spirit S and diluted with oligomer 1 to a concentration suitable for the application.
• Oligomer 1 (reactive diluent) 97 95 90
• Concrete blocks (Bn 150) were impregnated with these building protection agents.
• the concrete blocks were weighed before and after the 4-week storage in water.
• the water absorption was: a) according to the invention: a) 0.20% of the dry weight b) 0.15% of the dry weight c) 0.11% of the dry weight
• the water absorption of the untreated concrete block was approx. 12% of the dry weight. Since the oligomer 1 partially reacts with the methyl hydrogen polydimethylsiloxane as a reactive diluent, not only are the hydrophobic properties improved with a reduced use of building protection agents, but there are also no environmentally harmful solvent vapors in comparison to white spirit S during application.
• organopolysiloxane molding compositions which can be stored under exclusion of water were produced:
• Example 11 Compare a b c a b c ⁇ , w -dihydroxypolydimethyl siloxane
• Viscosity 50,000 mPa. s 50 70 90 50 70 90
• Oligomer 1 50 30 10 - -
• Silicone oil (polydimethyl siloxane) - - 50 30 10
• Titanium dioxide 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
• the mass was produced in a planetary mixer using the known methods and degassed in vacuo. Steel sheets with a layer thickness of 3 mm were coated with the two molding compounds and cured for 3 days in a standard atmosphere. Then they were coated with an alkyd-based varnish (pre- and topcoat). The paint adhesion (Boeing test in accordance with ASTM D 3359-70) was good when oligomer 1 was added according to the invention, while there was no liability in the comparative example.
• Paper 67 g / m 2 2 3 5 soft PVC film, 100 micron 1 2 OPP film, 40 micron 1 1 sheet steel, sandblasted 30 5 15
• silicone acrylate is a hexafunctional silicone compound of the formula:

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