WO1982002973A1 - Liquid crystal display unit - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1982002973A1 WO1982002973A1 PCT/JP1982/000032 JP8200032W WO8202973A1 WO 1982002973 A1 WO1982002973 A1 WO 1982002973A1 JP 8200032 W JP8200032 W JP 8200032W WO 8202973 A1 WO8202973 A1 WO 8202973A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- light
- display element
- display device
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
- G02F1/133555—Transflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133374—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods for displaying permanent signs or marks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/35—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being liquid crystals
Definitions
- This invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element and a color display device.
- the liquid crystal display device is composed of a liquid crystal display element and a polarizing plate, and the liquid crystal display element has two glass plates and a liquid crystal material is sandwiched.
- the two glass plates have thinly coated transparent electrodes. When a voltage is applied to this electrode as a display signal, the liquid crystal material
- the optical axis of the sample is controlled by this voltage and is parallel to the generated electric field.
- the axis is twisted exactly 90 degrees between the electrodes.
- T N such a liquid crystal display element
- V Tin Nematic liquid crystal
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the passage of light when the liquid crystal display device is used in a reflection mode.
- (1) is a liquid crystal display element-(2),) is a polarizing plate, and (4) is a reflector that reflects light well.
- the incident light 1 ⁇ When the incident light 1 ⁇ is incident, the light that can pass through the polarizer () is only a certain polarization component, and the other polarization components are absorbed by the polarization ⁇ ( 2 ).
- the light that has passed through the polarized light ⁇ (2) passes through the liquid crystal display device, and the light of the liquid crystal is not applied to the liquid crystal when no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal.
- the polarization direction in the same direction as the axis is preserved and progressed.
- the optical axis of the liquid crystal is twisted exactly 90 degrees between the two electrodes, so that the light incident on the liquid crystal display element (1) passes through the liquid crystal display element (1).
- the light When the light exits, the light has a polarization direction twisted by 90 degrees with respect to the incident light.
- the absorption axis of the polarizer (3) intersects with the absorption axis of the VS light (2), the above-mentioned incident light will pass through the VS light (4) and the reflection (4) ), And the light reflected by the reflector ( 4 ) passes through the polarizer (3), the liquid crystal display (1), and the light source (2) again, and is observed as reflected light L 2. Then, our eyes will be able to see the surface of the reflector ( 4 ).
- the optical axis of the liquid crystal in the presence of the electric field becomes parallel to the electric field.
- the incident light 1 ⁇ passes through the liquid crystal display element (1) and the polarization direction of the light.
- the liquid crystal reaches the polarized light ⁇ ( 3 ) without exiting the polarizer (2) without being affected by the liquid crystal. Since the absorption axes of the polarizers ( 2 ) and ( 3 ) are orthogonal to each other as described above, the incident light is almost absorbed by the incident light, and reaches the reflection ( 4 ). Absent .
- the liquid crystal display element ⁇ has a WIPO background with a reflective plate ( 4 ).
- the polarized light ⁇ (2) and (3) are above the point where the electric signal is applied to the bright light and the part where the electric signal is applied looks black and a certain display pattern can be seen. The case where they are orthogonal to each other has been described. However, when the absorption axes of the polarizing plates (2) and (3) are parallel, the background is black and the display pattern is clear. It looks dry.
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of reflection ⁇ (4) the name has transmissive mode of FIG. 1, the liquid crystal display device of the incident light L 3 of the light ⁇ (5) or al (1)
- the transmittance By controlling the transmittance and observing the transmitted light, it is possible to view the display pattern on the same principle as in Fig. 1. In this case, since 'is built in light ( 5 ) power, the display can be recognized without external light.
- FIG. 3 is a top view of a transmissive / reflective mode liquid crystal display device having features of the rain mode of the reflective mode of FIG. 1 and the transmissive mode of FIG. ( 6 ) is a semi-reflective reflector, which has diffuse reflection caused by surface scattering, such as cloth, diffusion ⁇ , '' milky resin, etc., and multiple scattering. Utilizing the diffuse transmission property of light transmitted through a material, or attaching a metal thin film to a light-transmitting material having a scattering surface. ,
- WIPO It is composed of a material that can form a diffuse reflection surface that transmits light.
- the advantage of such a display device is a reflective mode that uses incident light when external light is strong, and transmitted light from a light source ( 5 ) when external light is weak. Since the transmissive mode using I is used, good visibility can be maintained regardless of the amount of external light.
- This transmissive / reflective mode has the advantages of both the light-emitting display device and the light-receiving display device, whose visibility with respect to the intensity of external light is in conflicting positions. It is widely used. '
- the liquid crystal display device takes advantage of the flatness of light
- the degree of polarization around the liquid crystal display element in particular, due to a reflector other than a polarizing plate, is reduced.
- the change is not discussed as a significant factor, especially in the reflective mode, where light passes through the liquid crystal display element twice and is Unless special consideration is given to the reduction of luminous intensity, the display quality may be degraded.
- Fig. 4 shows an example.
- (1) is the liquid crystal display element
- ( 2 ) and () are the polarization axes, respectively, and the parts surrounded by dotted lines are the liquid crystal display parts (7A) to (7D).
- polarizations ( 2 ) and (3) are applied to the front and back of the liquid crystal display element (1), respectively. Because it is attached, it is possible to use a color polarizer if the power is small, but it can only be expressed with one color
- the difference between the device in which the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 5 has been previously proposed and the conventional device in FIG. 4 is the liquid crystal display portion (7A) to C7D.
- the polarizers (2A), C2AA), C2B), C2C), C2CC), and C2D) are divided instead of the polarizer (2).
- (8) is a polarizing plate (2A) with a light beam (2AA), a polarizing light (2C) and a polarizing light (2CC :), a Shinshinzaka (2C) and a polarizing light (2D), and a polarizing plate (2CC) and a polarizing light.
- (2D) border for example
- the display section is lit in order from the lower left and the center is lit. The green color is displayed until the right boundary ( 8 ) is reached, but the part that goes beyond this boundary ( 8 ) is red. Display color.
- the polarizing plate ( 2 ) is laid along the liquid crystal display section, and various types (multicolors) can be mounted.
- the simple pattern of the liquid crystal display section (7B) is used.
- a liquid crystal display (7C), (7D) or a complicated pattern of liquid crystal display with a curved line is displayed in color.
- This invention is an alternative to a power-color polarizer, which enables the use of a power-color filter to display an arbitrary color. Higher visibility by focusing on the changes in the degree of polarization and the polarization state of the color filters and semi-transmissive / reflective plates, as well as the color filters. Aiming to provide a liquid crystal display device with a high cost ratio
- the liquid crystal display device is configured in consideration of the color filter and the polarization state of light, various types of force display are possible. Efficacy to obtain a display device with a good cost ratio>'Place the light-shielding mark on the front panel of the other device. And the printing unit, eyes Sheng, character, and Sekageban which was the printing portion was separated display unit such as the numbers in bright Toru, eyes Sheng, off Russia down door was printed characters and the like Roh, and 0, channel In addition, the structure is such that the illumination light is incident from the end face of the front panel, so that the productivity is improved and the power of the display unit is improved. A simple explanation of the drawing that allows a liquid crystal display device with good visibility, for example, by freely selecting the color tone of the background and the shadow.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional reflective mode liquid crystal display device
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional transmissive mode liquid crystal display device
- FIG. 3 is a conventional transmissive / reflective mode liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 8 is the invention of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a semi-transmissive reflector applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a developed perspective view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. another embodiment the first 1 FIG exploded perspective view of the Ming Ru Oh part of enlarged cross-sectional view of the Sekage ⁇ off Russia down preparative Nono 0 Ne Honoré embodiment of this
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, in which (9) is a force filter for displaying a color on a display device.
- the example is a reflection mode, but the reflection principle (4) can be replaced with a semi-transmissive reflection structure (6) ".
- the filter ( 9 ) has a transparent paint printed on a transparent film, and the pattern is the same as the transparent electrode of the liquid crystal display element (1). If the absorption axes of the slightly larger polarizations ⁇ (2) and (3) are parallel, the incident light L′ i entering the liquid crystal display device is an electric signal. reflected light L 2 is blocked in the name not displayed, such portions of the case or transparency electrodes have the rather than display color color Camera full Note1 Ri Do rather black look example have name.
- the display pattern portion transmits the light, so that the incident light 1 ⁇ is reflected through the power filter ( 9 ) and reflected ( 3). ), And again reflected by the color filter ( 9 ), the polarizing plates (2) and (3), and the liquid crystal display element (1).
- the color tone and color are determined by the filter characteristics in (9), depending on the material and coating thickness of the paint used in the filter.
- the power filter used for the determination is sufficient because it is widely used in general illuminated display devices on the market. In this way, if the current printing technology is used, multicolor printing can be performed in accordance with the pattern of the transparent electrode of the display, and the color change, color tone, and color density can be freely determined. Although it is changed, it not only enhances the visibility and display effect of the liquid crystal display device, but also has many kinds of ⁇ , such as when the force is displayed with polarized light ⁇ ( 2 ) ( 3 ). It is not necessary to precisely align the light with the transparent electrode of the liquid crystal display element (1), and to express the power without having to cut the polarized light into complicated shapes. And power;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention, in which a semi-transmissive reflector (6) is provided instead of the reflector (4).
- the color display capability of the transmission mode and the reflection mode is possible.
- One problem is that if the absorption axes of the polarizing plates (2) and (3) are perpendicular to each other, the force pattern of the color filter ( 9 ) can be seen in the background. It is unavoidable that there are disadvantages.
- the light transmitted through the liquid crystal display element and the polarizing plate twice so that the transmission states of the first and second times are completely the same. Maintaining the Liguang state is an important condition for improving the power contrast.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a semi-transmissive reflector (6) useful for carrying out the invention sufficiently satisfying the above-mentioned effects, 0J) is a diffuser, ⁇ is a transmissive film, Diffuse
- 0 is a thin coating of metal on the surface.It has Wakasen transparency and is optically uniform, and can be reflected light L 2 and incident light. in that they only source in the semipermeable ⁇ reflector also that to maintain the same as ⁇ Fukutai of the Ah Ru (6) (5) or al incident light L 3 you incident spread product (U) the scattering your good beauty spread in permeability off I-le-time W and in your Tsu Ru out as the transmitted light L 4.
- Figure 9 is a further improvement of the device shown in Figures 7 and 8, where ( 5 ) is the light source and ( 6 ) is the light that scatters and reflects light.
- ( 9 ) is a thin transparent filter: a color filter, and the colored parts (9A) to (SD) are liquid crystal.
- the transparent ink is printed or applied with a pattern that almost matches the liquid crystal display portions (7A) to (7D) and the polarization of the display element (1). It is.
- the polarized light ( 2 ) is applied to the front of the liquid crystal display element, the power of the light cut in accordance with the liquid crystal display parts (7A) to (7D) is applied to the front surface of the liquid crystal display element, the apparatus shown in FIG.
- the polarizing plate (2) does not need to be the same polarizing plate (2A) to (2D), but it is sufficient if the polarizing plate (2) is a single neutral polarizing plate.
- Complicated color display is possible on the color filter ( 9 ) by 'printing on the colored part of the color filter which is applied', and it is also accurate and detailed. Patterns can be easily realized by using printing techniques such as silk screen.
- a front panel is provided on the front of the liquid crystal display element (1).
- the front panel and the 0 cell are transparent resin, for example, acrylic resin.
- a light-shielding print is applied to the part other than the part corresponding to the liquid crystal display part on the metal plate or polycarbonate plate, and some scales, numbers, letters, etc. 'Is a semi-transparent print. In particular, when a pigment having a strong light scattering property is added to a portion of the semi-transparent printing, the visibility in the case of using external light is improved.
- the polarizing plate ( 2 ) In order to illuminate the scales, numbers, characters, etc. on the front panel with the light from the internal light source ( 5 ), the polarizing plate ( 2 ) must match the shape of the liquid crystal display. Has been cut off. In this way, light always communicates with the liquid crystal display element (1) except for the liquid crystal display section. Light-shielding printing other than the liquid crystal display on the front panel is intended to block light that does not contribute to the illumination of scales, numbers, characters, etc. It is.
- a liquid crystal display device having such a configuration, it is possible to display force by a filter, and a liquid crystal display device is also a neutral polarizing plate (or a kind of polarizing plate). You only need to cut the one that is cut according to the outer shape of the display pattern, and use the semi-transmissive reflector ( 6 ).
- OMPI Good visibility is obtained both when using external light and when using the internal light application.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that enables the display of the display on the panel to be illuminated and further enhances the visibility.
- FIG. 10 (1) to ⁇ are the same as in FIGS. 1 to 9. Is made transparent by providing windows (13A), (13B), (13C), and (13D) in the area corresponding to the liquid crystal display sections (7A) to (7D) in the background (2).
- the other parts are colored or painted so that they are opaque, and the color is printed or applied to the front panel.
- the material of the background plate ⁇ which should be of a well-harmonized color, is made of acrylic, aluminum, glass, etc., and the liquid crystal display ( When looking at 7A) to (7D), it is necessary that they remain transparent or have cut-out windows. Also, Fontno.
- the cells are printed or painted only with scale letters and numbers.
- a light source A M such as a lamp and a light source B are provided.
- the liquid crystal display element ⁇ has a polarizing plate ( 2 )
- ( 3 ) is attached to the entire surface of both sides, and has exactly the same configuration as that of the device shown in Fig. 4.
- the light from ( 5 ) is diffused and transmitted by the transflective reflector ( 6 ), and reaches the color filter ( 9 ).
- the liquid crystal display pattern is configured to match this colored pattern, and the liquid crystal display element has two polarizing plates (2) f (3 ) Is stuck on the glass ⁇ of the display surface so that the absorption axis of the light is parallel. Therefore, the light from the liquid crystal display parts (7A :) to (7D) of the liquid crystal display cell (1) can be transmitted only when turned on. 8
- the display color at that time is determined by the color of the ink applied to the color filter (9).
- the light of the illuminated part passes through the transparent parts (13A), (13B), and (13C) of the background plate ⁇ , and can be visually recognized through the front panel. And mosquitoes. Nao front no.
- the scale, letters and numbers of the cell ' ⁇ are invisible with the light from the light source ( 5 ).
- the reason for this is that the polarizing plate (2) is attached to the entire surface of the liquid crystal display element (1), and the polarizing plate (2) is further diffused according to the background. Power and power.
- a phototherapy placed at the rain-side end or upper and lower ends of the cell. Front light from light coming from light source C ⁇ 3. It illuminates the scale plate of the cell, so characters and other characters can be clearly recognized.
- Fig. 11 is the front end of Fig. 10. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the cross-sectional view of the cell 3 and the background 3.
- Ikkou B (1 ⁇ 2 Pressurizing et al light
- L 2, L 3 power off port emissions preparative Pas Ne end surface force of Le> et you to have incoming morphism.
- L 2, L 3 are you progress through the full and Russia down the door path, channel is totally reflected through the full and Russia down door Roh, channel. In this process, most of the light is attenuated, but the scales on the front panel surface, letters, numbers, etc. are printed and applied to the ink.
- Naink ⁇ is different from the color of the polarizer ( 2 ) because when looking at the display device, the liquid crystal display-part (7) relaxes the unusual parts other than the liquid crystal display part (7). It is possible to select a color scheme that enhances the visibility of the display device and enhances the display quality.
- the polarization ( 2 ) was described using a neutral polarizer, but a single sheet of light was used.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP81/15408 | 1981-02-03 | ||
JP56015408A JPS57129484A (en) | 1981-02-03 | 1981-02-03 | Liquid crystal display device |
JP2889281A JPS57142685A (en) | 1981-02-27 | 1981-02-27 | Liquid crystal display unit |
JP81/28892810227 | 1981-02-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1982002973A1 true WO1982002973A1 (en) | 1982-09-02 |
Family
ID=26351546
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1982/000032 WO1982002973A1 (en) | 1981-02-03 | 1982-02-03 | Liquid crystal display unit |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4519679A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0070322B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE3233699C2 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2108697B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1982002973A1 (ja) |
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JP3077957B2 (ja) * | 1993-07-21 | 2000-08-21 | シャープ株式会社 | 反射型表示装置 |
KR960016341B1 (ko) * | 1993-12-16 | 1996-12-09 | 김광원 | 광표출장치 |
US5526145A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1996-06-11 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Color tuned holographic optical elements and methods of making and using the elements |
EP1376164B1 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 2009-07-29 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Holographic multicolor optical elements for use in liquid crystal displays and methods of making the elements |
FR2743924B1 (fr) * | 1996-01-23 | 1998-05-22 | Asulab Sa | Dispositif d'affichage d'un decor et piece d'horlogerie le comprenant |
DE69714699T2 (de) * | 1996-09-17 | 2003-07-10 | Seiko Epson Corp | Anzeigenvorrichtung |
JPH11305319A (ja) * | 1998-04-20 | 1999-11-05 | Fuji Photo Optical Co Ltd | 写真機のファインダの液晶表示装置 |
US6633353B1 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2003-10-14 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Color filter substrate and manufacturing process therefor, liquid crystal device and manufacturing process therefor, and electronic apparatus |
US6989877B2 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2006-01-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus |
DE102008022498A1 (de) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-20 | Ifm Electronic Gmbh | Automatischer Sichtschild |
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CH589306A5 (ja) * | 1975-06-27 | 1977-06-30 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
JPS5355138A (en) * | 1976-10-29 | 1978-05-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal display element |
JPS53107483U (ja) * | 1977-02-03 | 1978-08-29 | ||
US4212048A (en) * | 1978-06-16 | 1980-07-08 | General Electric Company | Illuminator for reflective dichroic liquid crystal displays |
DE2936618A1 (de) * | 1978-09-22 | 1980-04-03 | Gen Electric | Fluessigkristallanzeigezelle mit einer schicht aus fluessigkristallmaterial |
JPS55118077A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-09-10 | Hitachi Ltd | Color display unit |
CH619301A5 (ja) * | 1979-05-31 | 1980-09-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
US4470666A (en) * | 1979-06-18 | 1984-09-11 | General Motors Corporation | Colored liquid crystal display |
NL7904883A (nl) * | 1979-06-22 | 1980-12-24 | Philips Nv | Weergeefinrichting met vloeibaar kristal. |
DE3018099A1 (de) * | 1980-05-12 | 1981-11-19 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Vorrichtung zur mehrfarbigen optischen darstellung von informationen |
DE3032988A1 (de) * | 1980-09-02 | 1982-04-15 | Blaupunkt-Werke Gmbh, 3200 Hildesheim | Fluessigkristallanzeige |
US4371870A (en) * | 1980-09-02 | 1983-02-01 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Fail transparent LCD display with backup |
GB2094051A (en) * | 1981-02-28 | 1982-09-08 | Thorn Emi Ltd | Display device |
-
1982
- 1982-02-03 GB GB08226966A patent/GB2108697B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-03 EP EP82900383A patent/EP0070322B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-03 US US06/422,978 patent/US4519679A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-02-03 DE DE19823233699 patent/DE3233699C2/de not_active Expired
- 1982-02-03 WO PCT/JP1982/000032 patent/WO1982002973A1/ja active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3799647A (en) * | 1972-05-24 | 1974-03-26 | Honeywell Inc | Constant visibility electro-optic display |
JPS5260597A (en) * | 1975-11-13 | 1977-05-19 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Liquid crystal display unit |
JPS5532100A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1980-03-06 | Timex Corp | Electroooptical device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0070322A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3233699T1 (de) | 1983-10-20 |
GB2108697A (en) | 1983-05-18 |
GB2108697B (en) | 1985-09-04 |
EP0070322A1 (en) | 1983-01-26 |
US4519679A (en) | 1985-05-28 |
EP0070322B1 (en) | 1988-04-27 |
DE3233699C2 (de) | 1987-04-23 |
EP0070322A4 (en) | 1985-09-16 |
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