Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
  • C08L5/04—Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
  • A61K6/90—Compositions for taking dental impressions

Definitions

• impression naterials particularly for use in dental applications, which are formed by mixing a powdered material with water, as for example alginate impression materials or alginate substitute materials, i.e., those in which the alginic acid salt ocmxarri is replaced by a substitute polymer, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, and the like.
• Alginate inpression and alginate substitute materials are known and have been used successfully for many years in the dental arts. See, for example, U.S. 2,345,255 to Gross; U.S. 2,390,137 to Vallan- digham; U.S. 2,397,145 to vanBuran Joy; U.S. 2,422,497 to Nbyes; U.S. 2,878,129 to Eabchuck; U.S. 3,246,998 to Eigashi et al.; Reissue 23,700 to Lcckridge; and U.S. 2,733,156 to Cornell; the disclosures of these patents relevant to the preparation of conventional alginate and alginate substitute impression materials being incorporated herein by reference.
• impression materials generally involves the proper measuring and then mixing of certain powdered constituents or components of the impressi ⁇ n material (referred to hereinafter as the powdered c ⁇ tconents), with water or a substitute liquid, proper measuring of the powdered and liquid components being essential to obtaining satisfactory physical properties.
• the powdered c ⁇ tconents Prior to mixing the powdersd and liquid components, it is commen practice for the user to shake the containar in which the various powdered components of the impressicn material are stored to fluff them. This fluffing is done to facilitate the measuring or proportioning of the powdered components, using a scoop or ladle which usually is provided with the container.
• the dusting problem is farther exaggerated because the harder one stirs the powdered components/water mix, the greater is the opportunity for a portion of the powder to become airborne.
• This dusting which occurs primarily when a portion of the filler in the powdered components separates from the ramaining powdered components and becomes airborne upon mixing or shaking, or upon stirring with, the liquid component of the impression material has become the cause of concern because of its potential health hazard. (Woody, R. D. et al. , JSDA 94, 501, 1977) . Accordingly, it is a principal object of the present invention to reduce the dusting that occurs when the filler in the powdered components separates and becomes airborne upon mixing or shaking.
• the greater ease and speed with which the powdered components are wet by water during mixing, the eliminarion of airborne particles of powder, and other objects and advantages are achieved when the constituent powdered particles, or at least a portion thereof, are coated with a minor amount of a surfactant/dispersing agent or compound which is readily and rapidly wet, dispersed or dissolved by the water or substitute liquid, c ⁇ mpcnent of ths impression material.
• This coating of the powdered particles causes the individual particles to be attracted to one another so that they do not easily become airborne, and permits the powder particles to be easily wet by the water or substitute liquid.
• substances which may be used to coat the powdered particles are, for example, natural polymer dispersing agents such as xanthan gum, sodium polyalginate or potassium polyalginate, cellulose esters or ethers having ester or ether groups containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups such as hydroxyethyl or hydroxymethyl cellulose, cartoxyl methyl cellulose, synthetic ionic polymeric surfactants such as those which contain, substantial amounts of units derived from alkylene oxides such as polyethylene glycol or polypropylene or polybutylene glycol or copolymers of them, including polymeric surfactants of which the Tween and Brij series produced by ICI Americas are examples, and other including, for example, block copolymers of polysiloxanes and polyethylene glycols.
• natural polymer dispersing agents such as xanthan gum, sodium polyalginate or potassium polyalginate
• cellulose esters or ethers having ester or ether groups containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups such as
• the coating agent need not necessarily be limited to polymers but may include moncmeric substances, for example, polyols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, alkanolamines such as triethanolamine, and compounds such as lauryl sulfate, sucrose butyrata, glycerol esters, and the like. Mixtures of the above coating agents also may be used.
• coating agents may be employed, in varying dusting reducing, powder wetting enhancing amounts, usually from about 1-10% by weight based on the total weight of the powdered components, so long as the respective agent that is used adequately coats the powdered components, and is readily and quickly wet, dispersed or dissolved by the liquid component of the impression material to provide a composition wherein dusting is significantly reduced and the powdered ccmpcnents are significantly more rapidly wet upon mixing as compared to the same composition absent the coating agent.
• the preferred composition of the invention has a Dust Index of less than about 100 using a Gelman Air Analyzer (See Example 4) .
• the invention will be mere fully understccd in conjunction with the following examples thereof, which examples merely are illustrative and should not be considered to be limitive of the materials and procedures employed in practicing the invention.
• Example 1
• Aa alginate impression material was produced from the following ccmponents:
• the diatamacaous earth filler was wet with the polypropylene glycol coating agent before being admixed with the other powdered components.
• Example 3 The procedures of Example 1 were repeated, except that potassium alginate was used in place of sodium alginate. A complete wetting of the alginate was noted within 5 seconds and no dusting was observed.
• Example 3 The procedures of Example 1 were repeated, except that potassium alginate was used in place of sodium alginate. A complete wetting of the alginate was noted within 5 seconds and no dusting was observed.
• Example 4 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the polypropylene glycol (coating agent) was eliminated from the alginate powder formulation. in contrast with the results of Example 1, it was observed that it took the same alginate formulation, except for the emission of the surface coating agent, 10 seconds to be wet by the water. It was also observed that there was a great deal of "dusting".
• Example 4 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the polypropylene glycol (coating agent) was eliminated from the alginate powder formulation. in contrast with the results of Example 1, it was observed that it took the same alginate formulation, except for the emission of the surface coating agent, 10 seconds to be wet by the water. It was also observed that there was a great deal of "dusting".
• Example 4 Example 4
• These coating agents all are capable of providing useful alginate materials.
• Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the alginate impression material was produced from the following components: A complete wetting of the alginate impression material was noted within 5 seconds and no dusting was observed.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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• Dental Preparations (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

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• 1981
  • 1981-08-17 US US06/293,143 patent/US4394172A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1981-08-26 EP EP81902509A patent/EP0058203B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1981-08-26 DE DE8181902509T patent/DE3176705D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1981-08-26 WO PCT/US1981/001150 patent/WO1982000650A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1981-08-26 JP JP56503048A patent/JPH0254325B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1993
  • 1993-06-16 JP JP5144983A patent/JPH06316508A/ja active Pending

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