Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F6/00—Contraceptive devices; Pessaries; Applicators therefor
  • A61F6/20—Vas deferens occluders; Fallopian occluders
  • A61F6/22—Vas deferens occluders; Fallopian occluders implantable in tubes
  • A61F6/225—Vas deferens occluders; Fallopian occluders implantable in tubes transcervical
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels or umbilical cord
  • A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
  • A61B17/12099—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the location of the occluder
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
  • A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels or umbilical cord
  • A61B17/12022—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires
  • A61B17/12131—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device
  • A61B17/12181—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device formed by fluidized, gelatinous or cellular remodelable materials, e.g. embolic liquids, foams or extracellular matrices
  • A61B17/1219—Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires characterised by the type of occluding device formed by fluidized, gelatinous or cellular remodelable materials, e.g. embolic liquids, foams or extracellular matrices expandable in contact with liquids

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for the temporary or permanent closing of body passages or cavities in men and animals and comprising a member of a material which swells at least 20% by absorbing body fluids and which is substantially inert; to body fluids and surrounding tissues, the member being dimensioned so as to be able to be introduced with clearance into the passage or the cavity in its unswoilen state but to take up the whole crosssection of the passage or cavity in the swollen state and then to be held firmly by pressure against the surrounding wall of the passage or cavity.
• the expansible member in question was previously made of fibrous, substances which swell on absorbing body fluid, but later it was found that suitable materials are certain water-absorbing copolymerized plastics, so-called hydrogels.
• the closing is effected in that the expansible member is inserted in the unswollen state in the body passage in question.
• the shape and dimensions of the member are adapted so that it can easily be introduced into the passage. After introduction, it absorbs fluid from the surrounding tissues and swells. By this means, the passage is blocked as intended while at the same time the member obtains a firm hold therein.
• the material should be substantially inert with respect to the body fluid and the surrounding tissues so that the member is retained intact and can be removed when it has served its purpose. As a result, the functioning of oviducts or testicular ducts can be restored, for example, after being blocked with a preventive aim.
• Figure 1 shows, in longitudinal section, the member according to the first form of embodiment
• figure 2 shows the same member in cross-section
• Figure 3 shows the member according to the second form of embodiment, in longitudinal section
• Figure 4 shows an element included in the member in one form of embodiment
• Figure 5 shows the element in another form of embodiment.
• Suitable hydrogels are polymers and copolymers of the acrylic type, for example cross-linked polyacrylamide and polymers and copolymers of methacrylic acid esters with at least one hydroxy group in the side chain.
• Suitable monomers are 2-hydroxy-ethyl-methacrylate, in which case the ester groups can originate from diethylene glycol or triethylene glycol. 2,3-dihydroxypropylmethacrylate may also be used for example.
• Polyfunctional acrylates such as diesters or corresponding glycols, for example ethylene glycol bismethacrylate, may be used as a cross-linking substance.
• a material suitable for the member according to the invention is a copolymer of a hydrophilic monomer and a hydrophobic monomer.
• the capacity to absorb water and hence the swelling can be varied within wide limits by variation of the proportions between the hydrophilic and the hydrophobic monomers.
• the hydrophilic components are monomers in the group consisting of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones and vinyl pyridines and examples of the hydrophobic components are monomers in the group consisting of methylacrylate and methylmethacrylate
• the polymerisation may appropriately he effected in that the raw material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet-gamma radiation range or by heating.
• the member should be substantially resilient and only plastic to a very small extent. It may be stiff and/ or hard in the unswollen (non-hydrated) state, but should soften on swelling.
• the member may contain means which makes it more dense to X-rays, for example barium or bismuth salts or metal powder (for example silver).
• the member fills in the whole cross-section of the cavity and prevents passage through the cavity, while at the same time the member is held firmly in position in the cavity.
• an oviduct for example, the passage of eggs down to the womb or of semen up through the oviduct to the unfertilized egg is prevented. If a testicular duct is closed, the passage out of semen is prevented and a good preventive protection is obtained.
• the inserted members can be removed again if desired by an operation or, as is the case on insertion in the oviduct, by pulling out to the uterus if the member is provided with a thread hanging down through which pulling can be effected.
• the member in its inserted position, the member has a satisfactory anchoring in the body passage or the cavity into which it is introduced, after the material of the member has absorbed body fluid and swollen. This takes some time, however, and before this has happened, the member has clearance with respect to the surrounding tissue walls. As stated, in its unswollen state, the member is so much smaller than the cavity or passage that it can easily be introduced into the body cavity in question. If the member is to be introduced a long way into a body passage and has to pass a point which is narrower than the point where the member is to be placed, a considerable underdimensioning is necessary for the member. The idea behind the device is also that the member should have this smaller dimension on introduction but should assume the larger dimension which is required for secure holding and effective blocking, of the passage after placing in the intended position.
• the projecting parts of the element serve as an anchoring only or mainly before the member has assumed its swollen state. They can therefore have such dimensions that they are mainly within the surface of the member when this has assumed its swollen state and is held by this. By this means, the projecting portions are prevented from pressing in to too great an extent into the surrounding body tissue in the continuous state, when the member has assumed its swollen state.
• a device 1 according to the invention adapted for insertion in a woman's oviduct is shown in longitudinal section in figure 1. It is formed from an elongated, cylindrical (see Figure 2) member 2 of said expansible material with an inner rounded end 3 and an outer spherical end 4. Included in the member 2 is a thread 5, preferably of nylon, which ends before the inner end 5 but extends out from the member 4 at the end 4 with a free portion 6.
• suitable dimensions for the member 2 for the application described are a length apart from the free portion of the thread 6 of 11 mm and a maximum diameter of 1.6 mm.
• the member may have the shape of a drop with a diameter of about 0.8 mm in the unswollen state.
• the thread 5 ds preferably of polyamide fibre and is made at least partially opaque to X-rays.
• One or more elements 7 for said anchoring of the member extend through this and comprise projecting portions 8 in the unswollen state of the member 2.
• the central portion 9, from which the external portions 8 originate, is inside the material of the member 2 even in its unswollen state and thus forms an anchoring for the element 7.
• the thread 5 extends through a hole 10 in the element 7, so that an exceptional mutual anchoring of the element 7 and the thread 5 is obtained in the material of the member 2.
• the holding together of the thread 5 and, the element 7 is also an advantage in producing the device 1 since only one element needs to be inserted in the shaping tool and during the actual shaping, the parts in question can be held by holding the projecting portions 8 of the element 7, which project from the actual shaping space for the member 2. A satisfactory holding together between the element 7 and the thread 5 can be obtained if the hole 10 is provided, as indicated in figure 2, with turned-in parts 11 which project into the thread 5.
• FIG. 3 shows, in longitudinal section, a device 13 according to the second example of embodiment.
• This device is adapted to be inserted in the testicular duct and has its dimensions and its shape adapted to this purpose.
• An elongated, cylindrical shape is suitable with a length of 6 mm for example and a diameter of about 0.6 mm, which applies to the member made of expansible material in the unswollen state, which is designated by 14.
• Insertion in the testicular duct cannot be effected from the outside but must be done by operative intervention, when the testicular duct is opened, after which the device can be pushed in and the testicular duct closed again .
• the unswoilen state of the member 14 means that the member ha s smaller dimensions than the inner extent of the testicular duct so that the introduction is facilitated. After the introduction , the member 14 swells as described previously by absorbing body fluid s .
• the removal of the device if desired , is also effected by an. operative intervention.
• the material of the m ⁇ mber 14 should be made at least partially dense to X-rays for example by including metals or metal salts therein.
• the device. 13 also has an element 15 for anchoring in its unswollen state . Like the element 7 , this comprises outer portions
• FIG. 17 embedded in the member 14 are made in one piece with a rod-shaped central portion 18 which affords anchoring in the member 14.
• the element 15 has very small dimensions because the member 14 , as stated , has a diameter of less than 1 mm.
• Figure 5 shows an alternative, form of the anchoring device .
• a thread 19 of polyamide fibres is used. This thread can be used in the same manner as the pulling-out thread 5 and then projects out of the expansible member . It may, however , also be so short that it only constitutes a holding portion like the portion 18.
• the projecting wings which are to form the outer portions are formed by loops 20 on the thread 19.
• the member 2 or 15 preferably consists of a hydrophilic monomer such as polyvinyloyrrolidon and a hydrophobic one such as acrylate or polyamide which has been secured to the thread or the element by means of copolymerisation (graft polymerisation) .
• a hydrophilic monomer such as polyvinyloyrrolidon
• a hydrophobic one such as acrylate or polyamide which has been secured to the thread or the element by means of copolymerisation (graft polymerisation) .
• the swelling and the forces exerted through the absorption of water from body fluids can be varied by altering the proportions between the hydrophilic and the hydrophobic monomers .
• the device according to the invention is described in the form of a contraceptive means , it is understood that other applications may occur, for example in the event of brain injury such as cerebral enlargement of the artery or for treatment of phlebectasis.
• the device is inserted in the vessel in question so as to shut this off completely. for such an application an hourglass shape of the device is preferred.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Reproductive Health (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Prostheses (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
• Surgical Instruments (AREA)
• Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
• Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20337962

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (19)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (53)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1979
  • 1979-05-04 SE SE7903886A patent/SE419597B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1980
  • 1980-04-30 YU YU01179/80A patent/YU117980A/xx unknown
  • 1980-04-30 FI FI801416A patent/FI801416A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1980-05-02 IT IT21727/80A patent/IT1131113B/it active
  • 1980-05-02 GR GR61840A patent/GR68540B/el unknown
  • 1980-05-02 BE BE0/200455A patent/BE883095A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1980-05-02 NZ NZ193603A patent/NZ193603A/xx unknown
  • 1980-05-03 ES ES491148A patent/ES491148A0/es active Granted
  • 1980-05-05 WO PCT/SE1980/000130 patent/WO1980002369A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1980-05-05 AR AR280897A patent/AR229466A1/es active
  • 1980-05-05 US US06/227,068 patent/US4365621A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1980-05-05 JP JP55501068A patent/JPS6251626B2/ja not_active Expired
  • 1980-05-05 DE DE8080900908T patent/DE3064219D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-05-05 PL PL1980224026A patent/PL121127B1/pl unknown
  • 1980-05-05 BR BR8008861A patent/BR8008861A/pt unknown
  • 1980-05-06 MX MX182215A patent/MX148875A/es unknown
  • 1980-05-08 IN IN546/CAL/80A patent/IN153522B/en unknown
  • 1980-11-17 EP EP80900908A patent/EP0035018B1/en not_active Expired
• 1981
  • 1981-01-02 NO NO810005A patent/NO150021C/no unknown

Patent Citations (1)

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