US9054544B2 - Power feeding device, power receiving device, and wireless power feed system - Google Patents

Power feeding device, power receiving device, and wireless power feed system Download PDF

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US9054544B2
US9054544B2 US13/311,701 US201113311701A US9054544B2 US 9054544 B2 US9054544 B2 US 9054544B2 US 201113311701 A US201113311701 A US 201113311701A US 9054544 B2 US9054544 B2 US 9054544B2
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Prior art keywords
coil
resonant coil
power
switch
electromagnetic coupling
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US20120161529A1 (en
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Koichiro Kamata
Misako Sato
Shuhei Maeda
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Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd
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Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd
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Assigned to SEMICONDUCTOR ENERGY LABORATORY CO., LTD. reassignment SEMICONDUCTOR ENERGY LABORATORY CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KAMATA, KOICHIRO, MAEDA, SHUHEI, SATO, MISAKO
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Priority to US14/731,776 priority Critical patent/US9912170B2/en
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Priority to US15/892,517 priority patent/US11424622B2/en
Priority to US17/887,305 priority patent/US11843259B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H02J5/005—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/50—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/50—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H02J50/502—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using additional energy repeaters between transmitting devices and receiving devices the energy repeater being integrated together with the emitter or the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • One embodiment of the disclosed invention herein relates to power feeding devices, power receiving devices, and wireless power feed systems.
  • batteries serving as power storage units are incorporated.
  • storage batteries batteries serving as power storage units
  • a battery is usually charged with use of a household AC power source that is one of power feeding units, and by being, directly contacted with the AC power.
  • a device is operated by power directly fed from a household AC power source via a wire or the like.
  • an electromagnetic coupling method also referred to as an electromagnetic induction method, see Reference 1
  • a radio wave method also referred to as a microwave method
  • a resonance method also referred to as a resonant method, see References 2 to 4
  • a device that receives power (hereinafter, referred to as a power receiving device) and a device that feeds power (hereinafter, referred to as a power feeding device) each have a resonant coil. Further, in each of the power receiving device and the power feeding device, an electromagnetic coupling coil is provided. Feeding power from a power source in the power feeding device to the resonant coil and feeding power from the resonant coil in the power receiving device to a load are conducted by the electromagnetic coupling coils.
  • the resonant coil of the power feeding device and the resonant coil of the power receiving device are adjusted to resonate (LC resonance) at the same frequency.
  • the efficiency of power transfer is lowered when the resonant coil of the power feeding device and the resonant coil of the power receiving device are not in appropriate positions.
  • FIG. 3A is a perspective view of wireless power feed system using a resonant method
  • FIG. 3B is a graph showing a relation between a transfer efficiency of electric power and the distance between a resonant coil of a power feeding device and a resonant coil of a power receiving device.
  • the wireless power feed system using a resonance method illustrated in FIG. 3A includes a power feeding device 1100 and a power receiving device 1110 .
  • the power feeding device 1100 includes an AC power source 1101 , an electromagnetic coupling coil 1103 , and a resonant coil 1104 .
  • the power receiving device 1110 includes a load 1111 , an electromagnetic coupling coil 1112 , and a resonant coil 1113 .
  • the distance D between the resonant coil 1104 of the power feeding device 1100 and the resonant coil 1113 of the power receiving device 1110 is regarded as the distance between the power feeding device 1100 and the power receiving device 1110 .
  • Feeding power from the AC power source 1101 of the power feeding device 1100 to the resonant coil 1104 is conducted by an electromagnetic coupling method via the electromagnetic coupling coil 1103 .
  • Feeding power from the power feeding device 1100 to the power receiving device 1110 is conducted by electromagnetic resonance of the resonant coil 1104 and the resonant coil 1113 .
  • feeding power from the resonant coil 1113 to the load 1111 is conducted by an electromagnetic coupling method via the electromagnetic coupling coil 1112 .
  • the power transfer efficiency in the wireless power feed system using a resonance method is lowered when the distance between the resonant coil 1104 of the power feeding device 1100 and the resonant coil 1113 of the power receiving device 1110 is smaller or larger than the distance D 1 .
  • One embodiment of the disclosed invention provides a wireless power feed system in which when the distance between the power feeding device and the power receiving device is large, power feeding using a resonance method is conducted, and when the distance between the power feeding device and the power receiving device is small, power feeding using an electromagnetic coupling method is conducted.
  • the positions of the electromagnetic coupling coil and the resonant coil are interchanged.
  • an electromagnetic coupling coil of the power feeding device or an electromagnetic coupling coil of the power receiving device is provided between the resonant coil of the power feeding device and the resonant coil of the power receiving device.
  • a wireless power feed system is manufactured, in which the resonant coil of the power feeding device, the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power feeding device, the resonant coil of the power receiving device, and the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power receiving device are arranged in this order, or in which the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power feeding device, the resonant coil of the power feeding device, the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power receiving device, and the resonant coil of the power receiving device are arranged in this order.
  • the positions of the electromagnetic coupling coil and the resonant coil of the power feeding device are interchanged here.
  • the resonant coil of the power feeding device, the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power feeding device, the resonant coil of the power receiving device, and the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power receiving device are arranged in this order.
  • a switch is provided at opposite ends of the resonant coil.
  • the switch of the resonant coil of the power feeding device is turned off. In this manner, by the resonant coils of the power feeding device and the power receiving device, power feeding using a resonance method can be conducted.
  • the switch of the resonant coil of the power feeding device is turned on, which leads to short circuiting of the resonant coil of the power feeding device.
  • the resonant coil of the power feeding device can be regarded as an element that does not exist electrically.
  • the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power feeding device and the resonant coil of the power receiving device are adjacent. Between the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power feeding device and the resonant coil of the power receiving device that are adjacent to each other, power feeding using an electromagnetic coupling method is conducted. Thus, even when the distance between the power feeding device and the power receiving device is small, power feeding can be conducted while high power transfer efficiency is kept.
  • a switch is provided at the opposite ends of the resonant coil of the power receiving device.
  • the switch of the resonant coil of the power receiving device is turned off, and power feeding using a resonance method is conducted.
  • the switch of the resonant coil of the power receiving device is turned off, and power feeding using an electromagnetic coupling method is conducted. In this manner, power feeding with the power transfer efficiency kept high can be conducted.
  • One embodiment of the disclosed invention relates to a power feeding device including: an electromagnetic coupling coil that is connected to an AC power source via a directional coupler: a resonant coil that is electromagnetically coupled with the electromagnetic coupling coil; a switch one terminal of which is electrically connected to one terminal of the resonant coil and the other terminal of which is electrically connected to the other terminal of the resonant coil; a control circuit to which a parameter of an amplitude of a reflective wave detected by the directional coupler is input and which conducts switching on/off of the switch based on the parameter; and an analog-digital converter provided between the electromagnetic coupling coil and the control circuit.
  • a power receiving device including: a resonant coil; a switch one terminal of which is electrically connected to one terminal of the resonant coil and the other terminal of which is electrically connected to the other terminal of the resonant coil; an electromagnetic coupling coil that is electromagnetically coupled with the resonant coil; a rectifier that is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coupling coil; a load opposite ends of which a DC voltage is applied to by transfer of power rectified by the rectifier; an analog-digital converter that detects the DC voltage and a direct current generated by the DC voltage applied to the load; and a control circuit to which parameters of magnitudes of the DC voltage and the direct current detected by the analog-digital converter are input and which conducts switching on/off of the switch based on the parameters.
  • the resonant coil is connected to a capacitor.
  • the capacitor is a stray capacitance.
  • the power feeding device includes a first electromagnetic coupling coil that is connected to an AC power source via a directional coupler; a first resonant coil that is electromagnetically coupled with the first electromagnetic coupling coil; a switch one terminal of which is electrically connected to the first resonant coil and the other terminal of which is electrically connected to the other terminal of the first resonant coil; a control circuit to which a parameter of an amplitude of a reflective wave detected by the directional coupler is input and which conducts switching on/off of the switch based on the parameter; and an analog-digital converter provided between the first electromagnetic coupling coil and the control circuit; and the power receiving device includes a second resonant coil that electromagnetically resonates with the first resonant coil; and a second electromagnetic coupling coil that is electromagnetically coupled with the second resonant coil, wherein the first electromagnetic coupling coil is provided between the first resonant coil and the second
  • the power feeding device includes a first electromagnetic coupling coil that is connected to an AC power source; and a first resonant coil that is electromagnetically coupled with the first electromagnetic coupling coil; and the power receiving device includes a second resonant coil that electromagnetically resonates with the first resonant coil; a switch one terminal of which is electrically connected to one terminal of the second resonant coil and the other terminal of which is electrically connected to the other terminal of second resonant coil; a second electromagnetic coupling coil that is electromagnetically coupled with the second resonant coil; a rectifier that is electrically connected to the second electromagnetic coupling coil; a load opposite ends of which a DC voltage is applied to by transfer of power rectified by the rectifier; an analog-digital converter that detects the DC voltage and a direct current generated by the DC voltage applied to the load; a control circuit to which parameters of magnitudes of the DC voltage and the direct current detected by the
  • the first resonant coil and the second resonant coil electromagnetically resonate with each other by turning off the switch, and the second electromagnetic coupling coil and the first resonant coil are electromagnetically coupled by turning on the switch.
  • each of the first resonant coil and the second resonant coil is connected to a capacitor.
  • the capacitor is a stray capacitance.
  • an analog-digital converter is provided between the directional coupler and the control circuit.
  • a capacitor is connected to each of the first resonant coil and the second resonant coil.
  • the capacitor is a stray capacitance.
  • a wireless power feed system with high power transfer efficiency can be provided.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B are a circuit diagram and a perspective view of a wireless power feed system
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart describing processing of a wireless power feed system
  • FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a wireless power feed system and FIG. 3B is a graph showing the relation between the distance between resonant coils and a power transfer efficiency;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relation between a power transfer efficiency and the distance between a power feeding device and a power receiving device
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate examples of electronic devices each having a wireless power feed system
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are a circuit diagram and a perspective view of a wireless power feed system.
  • FIG. 1A is a circuit diagram of the wireless power feed system
  • FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a part of the wireless power feed system.
  • the wireless power feed system illustrated in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B includes a power feeding device 100 and a power receiving device 110 .
  • the distance between the power feeding device 100 and the power receiving device 110 is set as a distance W.
  • the power feeding device 100 includes an AC power source 101 , a directional coupler 102 , an electromagnetic coupling coil 103 , a resonant coil 104 , a capacitor 105 , a switch 106 , an analog-digital converter (A/D converter) 107 , and a control circuit 108 .
  • the power receiving device 110 includes a load 111 , an electromagnetic coupling coil 112 , a resonant coil 113 , and a capacitor 114 .
  • the AC power source 101 is a power source that outputs a high frequency power.
  • One terminal of the AC power source 101 is electrically connected to a first terminal of the directional coupler 102 .
  • the other terminal of the AC power source 101 is electrically connected to one terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 and is grounded.
  • the first terminal of the directional coupler 102 is electrically connected to one terminal of the AC power source 101 .
  • a second terminal of the directional coupler 102 is connected to one terminal of the A/D converter 107 .
  • a third terminal of the directional coupler 102 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 .
  • the directional coupler 102 (also referred to as a coupler) can take out a signal corresponding to power transferred in a forward direction (a traveling wave), or power transferred in the opposite direction (reflective wave), or the both thereof.
  • the transfer efficiency of electric power has a close relationship with the reflection coefficient that represents an amplitude of reflection wave (reflected wave amplitude/incident wave amplitude), and the higher the transmission efficiency of a frequency of a power signal is, the smaller the reflection coefficient thereof is compared to a power signal of another frequency, and the reflection coefficient of the power signal of the resonant frequency, with which the transmission efficiency reaches the maximum value, reaches the minimum value compared to the power signals of other frequencies.
  • the directional coupler 102 detects the amplitude of reflected wave, whereby the distance between the power feeding device 100 and the power receiving device 110 (corresponding to the distance D 1 in FIG. 3B ) can be detected such that the transfer efficiency of electric power reaches the maximum value.
  • One terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the AC power source 101 and is grounded.
  • the other terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the directional coupler 102 .
  • One terminal of the resonant coil 104 is electrically connected to one terminal of the capacitor 105 and one terminal of the switch 106 .
  • the other terminal of resonant coil 104 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the capacitor 105 and the other terminal of the switch 106 .
  • Feeding power from the AC power source 101 to the resonant coil 104 is conducted via the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 by an electromagnetic coupling method.
  • the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 of the power feeding device 100 is provided between the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 and the resonant coil 113 of the power receiving device 110 .
  • at least one electromagnetic coupling coil should be provided between the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 and the resonant coil 113 of the power receiving device 110 , and thus instead of the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 of the power feeding device 100 , the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 of the power receiving device 110 may be provided.
  • the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 of the power receiving device 110 may be provided.
  • the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 of the power feeding device 100 and the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 of the power receiving device 110 are each, for example, a coil of about one turn, while the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 and the resonant coil 113 of the power receiving device 110 are each, for example, a coil of several turns.
  • the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 and the resonant coil 113 of the power receiving device 110 are each open at the opposite ends.
  • the resonant coil 104 and the resonant coil 113 have capacitors due to stray capacitance (corresponding to the capacitor 105 and the capacitor 114 in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B ).
  • the resonant coil 104 and the resonant coil 113 are LC resonant circuits.
  • the capacitor is not limited to such a stray capacitance method, and the LC resonant circuits may be realized in such a way that the opposite ends of each coil are connected to a capacitor.
  • k is a coupling coefficient and Q is a Q value of a resonant coil
  • the coupling coefficient k is a coupling coefficient that represents a degree of coupling of the resonant coil on the power feeding side and the resonant coil on the power receiving side.
  • the Q value is a value showing sharpness in a resonance peak of a resonant circuit.
  • resonant coils having extremely high Q values are preferably used, and thereby a resonant-type wireless power feed technique can realize a high power transfer efficiency.
  • the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 of the power feeding device 100 is positioned near the power receiving device 110 . In this manner, when the distance between the power feeding device 100 and the power receiving device 110 is small, the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 of the power feeding device 100 and the resonant coil 113 of the power receiving device 110 can be directly electromagnetically coupled.
  • the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 and the resonant coil 113 of the power receiving device 110 are also closely coupled, and thus the transfer efficiency of electric power is not increased.
  • the switch 106 provided for the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 is turned on. Thereby, the opposite ends of the resonant coil 104 are short circuited so that the function of the resonant coil 104 is lost.
  • the switch 106 is provided at the opposite ends of the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 , and is turned off when the distance between the power feeding device 100 and the power receiving device 110 is large or reaches the optimum distance, whereas the switch 106 is turned on when the distance is small. Switching on/off of the switch 106 is conducted based on the amplitude of the reflected wave obtained by the directional coupler 102 .
  • One terminal of the A/D converter 107 is electrically connected to a second terminal of the directional coupler 102 .
  • the other terminal of the A/D converter 107 is electrically connected to the control circuit 108 .
  • the control circuit 108 Via the A/D converter 107 , data on the amplitude of the reflected wave obtained by the directional coupler 102 is input into the control circuit 108 . Based on the input data, the control circuit 108 conducts switching on/off of the switch 106 . For example, the control circuit 108 detects the amplitude of the reflected wave at on state or off state of the switch 106 every certain period (for example, every one minute), and selects the state with a smaller amplitude of the reflected wave. Note that in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B , only the A/D converter 107 is illustrated; however, an amplifier that amplifies the output of the A/D converter 107 or a rectifier that realties the output of the A/D converter 107 may be provided.
  • one terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 is electrically connected to one terminal of the load 111 .
  • the other terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the load 111 and is grounded.
  • the load 111 corresponds to another circuit, device, or the like that is connected to the power receiving device 110 .
  • a power storage device such as a secondary battery is given.
  • One terminal of the resonant coil 113 is electrically connected to one terminal of the capacitor 114 .
  • the other terminal of the resonant coil 113 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the capacitor 114 .
  • the capacitor 114 may be a stray capacitance formed by open opposite ends of the resonant coil 113 or may be a capacitor connected to the resonant coil 113 .
  • Feeding power from the resonant coil 113 to the load 111 is conducted via the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 by an electromagnetic coupling method.
  • the switch 106 provided at the opposite ends of the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 has an off state (an open state).
  • the AC power source 101 When the AC power source 101 recognizes existence of the power receiving device 110 with use of a recognition unit (not illustrated) (S 101 ), the AC power source 101 outputs a high frequency power at a frequency 10 and starts power feeding (S 102 ).
  • the recognition unit is provided for the power feeding device 100 and the power receiving device 110 , and is a wireless communication unit or the like for exchanging data of the power feeding device 100 and the power receiving device 110 .
  • a carrier frequency and an air interface used for wireless communication of the wireless communication unit are preferably provided separately from an interface (coil) provided for power feeding; however, communication may be conducted using an electromagnetic wave used for power feeding as a carrier via an interface (coil) for power feeding.
  • the power feeding device 100 can confirm existence of the power receiving device 110 or obtain a process of charging.
  • the charge is continued (S 103 ).
  • a case where the charge is not continued is a case where power feeding is completed (described later).
  • the directional coupler 102 set in the power feeding device 100 detects the amplitude of the reflected wave and a parameter that represents the amplitude of the detected reflected wave is input into the control circuit 108 via the A/D converter 107 .
  • the control circuit 108 memorizes the input parameter (S 104 ).
  • switching on/off of the switch 106 is conducted (the switch is turned off when it is on, or the switch is turned on when it is off) (S 105 ).
  • the state after switching is kept (S 107 ).
  • the state returns to the state before switching (S 109 ).
  • the state after switching is kept during a certain period or is made to return to the state before switching and kept during a certain period (for example, one minute) (S 108 ). After that, charging is continued until power feeding is completed (S 103 ), and this is repeated every certain period (every one minute in the above-described case).
  • output of high frequency power from the AC power source 101 is stopped (S 111 ).
  • the power transfer efficiency is higher at the off state of the switch (a reflection component is small), and thus the resonant coil 104 is kept at an effective state.
  • the resonant coil 104 at an effective state means power feeding conducted by a resonance method.
  • FIG. 4 the relation between the distance W and the power transfer efficiency in power feeding using a resonance method is shown by a curve 201 .
  • the power transfer efficiency is higher at the on state of the switch, and thus the resonant coil 104 is kept at an ineffective state.
  • the resonant coil 104 at an ineffective state means power feeding conducted by an electromagnetic coupling method.
  • FIG. 4 the relation between the distance W and the power transfer efficiency in power feeding using an electromagnetic coupling method is shown by a curve 202 .
  • switching on/off of the switch 106 is reviewed and if necessary, conducted every certain period (for example, every one minute). Therefore, at the time of charging, every time the position of the power receiving device 110 is changed and thus the distance W between the power feeding device 100 and the power receiving device 110 is changed, a state where the power transfer efficiency can reach the optimum value is selected.
  • FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B illustrate the wireless power feed system where the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 of the power feeding device 100 is provided between the resonant coil 104 of the power feeding device 100 and the resonant coil 113 of the power receiving device 110 ; however, one embodiment of the disclosed invention is not limited to that.
  • the electromagnetic coupling coil of the power receiving device may be provided between the resonant coil of the power feeding device and the resonant coil of the power receiving device.
  • the resonant coil of the power receiving device is provided with a switch.
  • FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B illustrate a wireless power feed system where an electromagnetic coupling coil of a power receiving device is provided between a resonant coil of a power feeding device and a resonant coil of the power receiving device.
  • the wireless power feed system illustrated in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B includes a power feeding device 120 and a power receiving device 130 .
  • the power feeding device 120 includes the AC power source 101 , the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 , resonant coil 104 , and the capacitor 105 .
  • the power receiving device 130 includes the load 111 , the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 , the resonant coil 113 , the capacitor 114 , a rectifier 132 , a switch 136 , an A/D converter 137 , and a control circuit 138 .
  • One terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 is electrically connected to one terminal of the AC power source 101 .
  • the other terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 103 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the AC power source 101 and is grounded.
  • One terminal of the resonant coil 104 is electrically connected to one terminal of the capacitor 105 .
  • the other terminal of the resonant coil 104 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the capacitor 105 .
  • a first terminal of the rectifier 132 is electrically connected to one terminal of the load 111 .
  • a second terminal of the rectifier 132 is electrically connected to a first terminal of the A/D converter 137 .
  • a third terminal of the rectifier 132 is electrically connected to one terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 .
  • the rectifier 132 is an AC/DC converter and has a function of rectifying received power. Power rectified by the rectifier 132 is transferred to the load 111 .
  • a first terminal of the A/D converter 137 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the rectifier 132 .
  • a second terminal of the A/D converter is electrically connected to the other terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 .
  • a third terminal of the A/D converter is electrically connected to the control circuit 138 .
  • the A/D converter 137 monitors a DC voltage applied to the opposite ends of the load 111 and a direct current generated by the DC voltage flowing through the load 111 . Parameters representing the magnitude of the DC voltage and the magnitude of the direct current, which are monitored by A/D converter 137 , are input into the control circuit 138 . Based on the parameters, the on/off of the switch provided for the resonant coil 113 is controlled.
  • One terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the rectifier 132 .
  • the other terminal of the electromagnetic coupling coil 112 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the load 111 and is grounded.
  • One terminal of the resonant coil 113 is electrically connected to one terminal of the capacitor 114 and one terminal of the switch 136 .
  • the other terminal of the resonant coil 113 is electrically connected to the other terminal of the capacitor 114 and the other terminal of the switch 136 .
  • received power is rectified by the rectifier 132 .
  • the rectified power is transferred to the load 111 , and thereby a DC voltage is applied to the opposite ends of the load 111 .
  • a parameter on the DC voltage applied on the opposite ends of the load 111 and a parameter on a direct current flowing through the load 111 are input into the control circuit 138 .
  • the control circuit 138 conducts switching on/off of the switch 136 .
  • a wireless power feed system with high transfer efficiency of electric power can be provided.
  • a wireless power feed system in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosed invention are mobile telephones, digital video cameras, computers, portable information terminals (such as mobile computers, mobile telephones, portable game consoles, or electronic books), image reproduction devices provided with a recording medium (specifically, a digital versatile disc (DVD)), and the like, which are portable electronic devices.
  • electric propulsion vehicles such as electric vehicles, which get power based on electricity can be given.
  • FIG. 5A is an example in which a mobile phone and a portable information terminal use a wireless power feed system, and which includes a power feeding device 701 , a mobile phone 702 A including a power receiving device 703 A, and a portable information terminal 702 B including a power receiving device 703 B.
  • the wireless power feed system described in Embodiment 1 can be applied between the power feeding device 701 and the power receiving device 703 A and between the power feeding device 701 and the power receiving device 703 B.
  • a mobile phone and a portable information terminal each having a wireless power feed system with high transfer efficiency of electric power can be provided.
  • FIG. 5B is an example in which an electric vehicle that is one of electric propulsion vehicles uses a wireless power feed system, and which includes a power feeding device 711 and an electric vehicle 712 including a power receiving device 713 .
  • the wireless power feed system described in Embodiment 1 can be applied between the power feeding device 711 and the power receiving device 713 .
  • an electric propulsion vehicle having a wireless power feed system with high transfer efficiency of electric power can be provided.
  • the wireless power feed system described in Embodiment 1 can be provided for any object that can be driven by electric power.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the structures described in the other embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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