Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
  • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

• the invention relates to novel substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines, to processes for their preparation and to intermediates therefor.
• 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines are important intermediates for the preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (cf. WO-A 2004/009601 or WO-A 2004/039796). Moreover, substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines and related compounds may themselves have pharmaceutical activity and be used as active ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions (cf. WO-A 03/082289, WO-A 2004/016609 and WO-A 2004/009601).
• WO-A 2004/016609 describes the use of substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines as inhibitors of kinase Itk
• WO-A 2004/009601 the use of active ingredients which contain a 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine fragment as tyrosine kinase activity inhibitors of growth 15 receptors, which is why they are suitable for use as anticancer drugs
• WO-A 03/082289 describes the possibility of using substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines for the treatment of HIV and AIDS owing to their antiviral action.
• 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines or compounds containing 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine units there is still a need for further such substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines which are suitable, for example, for the preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients or as active ingredients themselves for the treatment of other diseases, or which are superior to the known compounds, for example with regard to solubility, efficacy or pharmacokinetics.
• the present invention likewise provides salts of the compound of the general formula (I).
• the present invention preferably provides compounds of the general formula (I) in which R 1 is H, —SO 2 R x , —SO 2 NR x R y , —C(O)OR x or —C(O)NR x R y , where R x and R y are each independently H or optionally substituted C 1 -C 18 -alkyl, C 4 -C 24 -aryl or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyl, and R 1 is preferably H, o-, m-, p-toluenesulphonyl or t-butyloxycarbonyl.
• R 1 is —SO 2 R x or —C(O)OR x , in which R x is optionally substituted C 1 -C 18 -alkyl, C 4 -C 24 -aryl or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyl, preferably p-toluenesulphonyl or t-butyloxycarbonyl.
• the present invention preferably further provides compounds of the general formula (I) in which R 2 is H, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyl.
• the present invention preferably further provides compounds of the general formula (I) in which R 3 is H, Cl, F, Br, NO 2 , CN, formyl or protected formyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -fluoroalkoxy, C 6 -C 24 -aryl, C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyl, C 5 -C 18 -arylalkoxy, preferably H or Cl.
• R 3 is H, Cl, F, Br, NO 2 , CN, formyl or protected formyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -fluoroalkyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 6 -fluoroalkoxy, C 6 -C 24 -aryl, C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyl, C 5
• the present invention preferably further provides compounds of the general formula (I) in which X is C 1 -C 6 -fluoroalkyl, preferably CF 3 , CF 2 CF 3 or CF(CF 3 ) 2 , more preferably CF 3 .
• Mixtures comprising one or more of the above-specified compound(s) of the general formula (I) also form part of the subject-matter of the present invention.
• the compounds of the general formula (I) may occur in enantiomeric or diastereomeric forms.
• the invention encompasses all enantiomers, diastereomers, racemates, mixtures of enantiomers or diastereomers in any molar ratios.
• the compounds of the general formula (I) may occur in different tautomeric forms.
• the invention likewise encompasses all possible tautomeric forms and mixtures thereof in any molar ratios.
• Salts of the inventive compounds may be physiologically acceptable salts of the inventive compounds of the general formula (I) with inorganic or organic acids.
• inorganic acids for example hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid or sulphuric acid, or salts with organic carboxylic or sulphonic acids, for example acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, benzoic acid or methanesulphonic acid, ethanesulphonic acid, benzenesulphonic acid, toluenesulphonic acid or napthalenesulphonic acid.
• salts of the inventive compounds may likewise be physiologically acceptable salts of the inventive compounds of the general formula (I) with customary bases, for example alkali metal salts, e.g. sodium or potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts, e.g.
• ammonium salts derived from ammonia or organic amines for example diethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, procaine, dibenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine, dihydroabietylamine or methylpiperidine, or salts of ethanolamines, for example 2-diethylaminoethanol, 2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamino]ethanol.
• Alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or alkoxy are in each case independently a linear, cyclic, branched or unbranched alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or alkoxy radical.
• C 1 -C 6 -Alkyl is, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, neo-pentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl,
• C 3 -C 6 -Cycloalkyl is, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.
• C 1 -C 6 -Alkoxy is, for example, the alkoxy groups corresponding to the above alkyl groups, for example methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, iso-propoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, etc.
• C 1 -C 18 -Alkoxy is also, for example, the alkoxy groups corresponding to the above alkyl groups.
• C 1 -C 6 -Fluoroalkyl and C 1 -C 18 -fluoroalkyl are, for example, the part-fluorinated or perfluorinated alkyl groups corresponding to the above alkyl groups.
• C 1 -C 6 -Fluoroalkoxy and C 1 -C 18 -fluoroalkoxy are, for example, the part-fluorinated or perfluorinated alkoxy groups corresponding to the above alkoxy groups.
• C 2 -C 6 -Alkenyl is, for example, the alkenyl groups corresponding to the above alkyl groups, for example ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl or hexenyl.
• C 2 -C 6 -Alkynyl is, for example, the alkynyl groups corresponding to the above alkyl groups, for example ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl or hexynyl.
• C 4 -C 6 -Cycloalkyl is, for example, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl or cyclohexenyl.
• Aryl is in each case independently an aromatic radical having 4 to 24 skeleton carbon atoms, in which no, one, two or three skeleton carbon atoms per cycle, but at least one skeleton carbon atom in the entire molecule, may be substituted by heteroatoms selected from the group of nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen, but is preferably a carbocyclic aromatic radical having 6 to 24 skeleton carbon atoms.
• C 6 -C 24 -aryl examples are phenyl, o-, p-, m-tolyl, naphthyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl or fluorenyl; examples of heteroaromatics C 4 -C 24 -aryl in which no, one, two or three skeleton carbon atoms per cycle, but at least one skeleton carbon atom in the entire molecule, may be substituted by heteroatoms selected from the group of nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen are pyridyl, pyridyl N-oxide, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl or isoxazolyl, indolizinyl, indolyl, benzo[b]thienyl, benzo[b]furyl, ind
• Arylalkyl is in each case independently a straight-chain, cyclic, branched or unbranched alkyl radical as defined above, which may be substituted singly, multiply or fully by aryl radicals as defined above.
• C 5 -C 18 -Arylalkyl is, for example, benzyl or (R)— or (S)-1-phenylethyl.
• Halogen may be fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
• Pseudohalogen may, for example, be cyanide, cyanate or thiocyanate.
• R 1 to R 3 radicals include numerous organic groups, for example alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, halogen, hydroxyl, ether, thioether, disulphide, sulphoxide, sulphonic acid, sulphonate, protected amino, aldehyde, keto, carboxylic ester, carbonate, carboxylate, cyano, alkylsilane and alkoxysilane groups, and also optionally protected carboxylamide groups.
• R 3 is an aryl-substituted C 1 -C 18 -alkyl radical
• this alkyl radical has to have at least two carbon atoms between aryl substituents and pyridine ring.
• Examples of compounds of the general formula (I) include the following compounds of the formulae (I-1) to (I-4):
• inventive compounds of the general formula (I) can be prepared in a simple manner by various routes.
• the compounds of the general formula (I) may be prepared from compounds of the general formula (II)
• the present invention thus further provides a process for preparing the inventive compounds of the general formula (I)
• X is C 1 -C 18 -fluoroalkyl, preferably C 1 -C 6 -fluoroalkyl, more preferably CF 3 , CF 2 CF 3 or CF(CF 3 ) 2 , most preferably CF 3 , and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each as defined above, by reacting compounds of the general formula (VI)
• Y is halogen, preferably I
• R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each as defined above with a fluoroalkylating agent.
• the compounds of the general formula (VI) in which Y is halogen, preferably I, and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each as defined above are prepared by means of halogenation in a preceding step, for example from compounds of the general formula (II).
• useful fluoroalkylating agents are, for example, trialkyl(perfluoroalkyl)silanes of the general formula (III) (R 4 ) 3 Si(R F ) (III) in which
• Preferred fluoroalkylating agents are trifluoromethylating agents. They are preferably those of the general formula (III) in which R F is CF 3 , or those of the general formula (IV) or (V).
• the process according to the invention is preferably carried out in the presence of fluoride ions.
• Suitable fluoride ion sources are, for example, alkali metal fluorides or tetraalkylammonium fluorides.
• these may be potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, caesium fluoride or tetraalkylammonium fluoride.
• Particular preference is given to potassium fluoride.
• the amount of fluoride used may, for example, be 1 to 5 times, preferably 15 to 3 times, based on the amount of X (halogen) to be exchanged in the general formula (I).
• the process according to the invention is preferably carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
• Suitable catalysts are, for example, zinc (for CF 2 Br 2 as the fluoroalkylating agent), copper (for CF 2 Br 2 or CF 3 I or CF 3 Br as a fluoroalkylating agent) or copper(I) salts (for trifluoroacetates of the general formula (V) and trialkyl(perfluoroalkyl)silanes of the general formula (III) as the fluoroalkylating agent).
• Preference is given to copper(I) salts, particular preference to copper(I) iodide or copper(I) cyanide.
• the amount of the catalyst used may, for example, be 0.5 to 5 times, preferably 15 to 3 times, based on the amount of X (halogen) to be exchanged in the general formula (I).
• the reaction with the fluoroalkylating agent is preferably carried out in the presence of one or more solvent(s), preferably in the presence of one or more aprotic solvent(s), more preferably in the presence of one or more dipolar aprotic solvent(s).
• Preferred dipolar aprotic solvents are:
• Carboxylic acid derivatives for example acetonitrile or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or dimethylimidazolidinone (DMI), sulphones or sulphoxides, for example sulpholane or dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), or mixtures of two or more of these solvents.
• NMP N,N-dimethylformamide
• DMAc dimethylimidazolidinone
• the process according to the invention is carried out preferably at temperatures of ⁇ 10° C. to 150° C., more preferably 0° C. to 100° C., most preferably at 20° C. to 80° C.
• the reaction time is preferably several hours, more preferably 0.2 to 24 h, most preferably 1 to 18 h.
• the process according to the invention may be carried out under standard, elevated or reduced pressure, for example in the range of 0.5 to 5 bar. In general, it is carried out at standard pressure.
• the process according to the invention is, for example, carried out in such a way that the compound of the general formula (I) in which X is halogen is initially charged in the appropriate solvent(s) in the presence of a mixture of potassium fluoride and Cu(I) iodide, and the fluoroalkylating agent is metered in and the reaction mixture is stirred at the specified reaction temperature.
• the reaction mixture is poured onto at least one organic solvent having zero or low miscibility with dipolar aprotic solvents, and optionally extracted repeatedly with the organic solvent(s) having zero or low miscibility with dipolar aprotic solvents.
• the compound of the general formula (I) can be isolated.
• water may be added to the dipolar aprotic solvent.
• Useful organic solvents having zero or low miscibility with dipolar aprotic solvents, optionally after addition of water, include, for example, ethers, aliphatics or cycloaliphatics.
• Examples of such organic solvents having zero or low miscibility with dipolar aprotic solvents are methyl tert-butyl ether, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohekane.
• the compounds of the general formula (VI) in which Y is halogen bear, on the aromatic NH group, a protecting group which may have the definitions specified above for R 1 apart from H, preferably an —SO 2 R x or —C(O)OR x group, in which R x is optionally substituted C 1 -C 18 -alkyl, C 4 -C 24 -aryl or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyl, preferably o-, m- or in particular p-toluenesulphonyl or t-butyloxycarbonyl.
• This protecting group may be removed before or after the reaction with the fluoroalkylating agent. It is also possible to selectively prepare the compounds of the general formula (I) containing this protecting group on the aromatic NH group.
• the removal of the protecting group from the aromatic NH group and the reaction with the fluoroalkylating agent are effected in one step.
• the compounds of the general formula (I) in which X is CF 3 may be prepared from compounds of the general formula (II) initially by means of halogenation to compounds of the general formula (VI) in which Y is halogen, and subsequently by reaction with trialkyl(perfluoroalkyl)silanes, preferably trimethyltrifluoromethylsilane, or with trifluoroacetates, preferably sodium trifluoroacetate or potassium trifluoroacetate or methyl trifluoroacetate, in the presence of copper(I) salts, preferably in the presence of copper(I) iodide, and alkali metal fluorides, preferably potassium fluoride or caesium fluoride, and in a dipolar aprotic solvent, for example N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), or by reaction with dibromodifluoromethane in the presence of copper and in a dipolar aprotic solvent, for example N-
• inventive compounds of the general formula (I) in which X is CF 3 from compounds of the general formula (VI) in which Y is COR 5 where R 5 is halogen, OH or optionally substituted linear, branched or cyclic C 1 -C 18 -alkyloxy, preferably C 1 -C 6 -alkyloxy, C 4 -C 24 -aryloxy, preferably C 6 -C 24 -aryloxy, or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyloxy, by reaction with SF 4 /HF.
• Such reactions with SF 4 /HF or DAST/NaF are described, for example, in Wang C. L. J., Org. React, 34, 319-400 or Hudlicky, M., Org. React. 35, 513-637.
• the invention thus further provides a process for preparing the inventive compounds of the general formula (I)
• Y is COR 5 where R 5 is halogen, OH or optionally substituted linear, branched or cyclic C 1 -C 18 -alkyloxy, preferably C 1 -C 6 -alkyloxy, C 4 -C 24 -aryloxy, preferably C 6 -C 24 -aryloxy, or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyloxy, and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each as defined above with SF 4 optionally in the presence of HF, or with diethylaminosulphur trifluoride (DAST), optionally in the presence of NaF.
• R 5 is halogen, OH or optionally substituted linear, branched or cyclic C 1 -C 18 -alkyloxy, preferably C 1 -C 6 -alkyloxy, C 4 -C 24 -aryloxy, preferably C 6 -C 24 -aryloxy, or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyloxy
• the process according to the invention is preferably carried out in the presence of an excess of HF.
• the amount of HF may, for example, be 10 to 30 equivalents based on the amount of the compound of the general formula (VI).
• the process according to the invention may be carried out in the presence or in the absence of one or more solvent(s).
• Suitable solvents are, for example, halogenated hydrocarbons, for example dichloromethane.
• the process according to the invention may be carried out at standard, elevated or reduced pressure, for example in the range of 0.5 to 5 bar. In general, it is carried out at standard pressure.
• the process according to the invention is preferably carried out at temperatures of 80° C. to 140° C.
• the reaction time is preferably several hours, more preferably 0.2 to 24 h, most preferably 1 to 18 h.
• the process according to the invention enables the preparation of the compounds of the general formula (I) under particularly gentle conditions. This allows side reactions, for example dimerizations of compounds of the general formula (VI) in which Y is I, to be substantially suppressed.
• R x and R y are each independently H or optionally substituted linear, branched or cyclic C 1 -C 18 -alkyl, preferably C 1 -C 6 -alkyl and C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, C 1 -C 18 -alkoxy, preferably C 1 -C 6 -alkoxy, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 4 -C 6 -cycloalkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 4 -C 24 -aryl, preferably C 6 -C 24 -aryl, C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyl, C 5 -C 18 -aryloxy or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkoxy,
• R 1 , R 2 or R 3 radicals where at least one, preferably at least two, of the R 1 , R 2 or R 3 radicals is not H have to date not been described in the literature and therefore likewise form part of the subject-matter of the present invention.
• R 1 in the inventive compounds of the general formula (VI) is not H.
• R 1 is more preferably —SO 2 R x , —SO 2 NR x R y , —C(O)OR x , or —C(O)NR x R y , where R x and R y are each independently H or optionally substituted C 1 -C 18 -alkyl, C 4 -C 24 -aryl or C 5 -C 18 -arylalkyl, preferably —SO 2 R x or —C(O)OR x , more preferably o-, m- or in particular p-toluenesulphonyl or t-butyloxycarbonyl.
• inventive compounds of the general formula (VI) are, for example, the following compounds of the formulae (VI-I) and (VI-2):
• inventive compounds of the general formula (VI) are outstandingly suitable for preparing the compounds of the general formula (I), in particular with the above-described process according to the invention.
• inventive compounds of the general formula (I) are suitable, for example, as intermediates for the preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients or have pharmaceutical activity themselves and are suitable as active pharmaceutical ingredients.
• the active pharmaceutical ingredients prepared from the inventive compounds of the general formula (I) or the inventive compounds of the general formula (I) themselves may be superior to the known compounds, for example, with regard to solubility, efficacy or pharmacokinetics.
• a reaction flask was initially charged under protective gas atmosphere (argon) with the calcined mixture of potassium fluoride and copper(I) iodide together with 170 ml of absolute NMP and 170 ml of absolute DMF, and 86 g (0.199 mol) of 4-chloro-1-(toluene-4-sulphonyl)-3-iodo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine were subsequently introduced in portions at 20° C. with stirring to form a light grey suspension. 62.1 g (0.437 mol) of trimethyltrifluoromethylsilane were added dropwise to the reaction mixture within 20 minutes and the mixture was left to stir at 20° C. for 18 h.

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• 2004
  • 2004-12-15 DE DE102004060659A patent/DE102004060659A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2005
  • 2005-12-07 EP EP05026671A patent/EP1671970A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-09 US US11/298,437 patent/US7528146B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-12-14 JP JP2005361081A patent/JP2006176509A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-15 CN CN200510022839.6A patent/CN1789265A/zh active Pending

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