US6571678B1 - Aiming drive - Google Patents

Aiming drive Download PDF

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Publication number
US6571678B1
US6571678B1 US09/696,846 US69684600A US6571678B1 US 6571678 B1 US6571678 B1 US 6571678B1 US 69684600 A US69684600 A US 69684600A US 6571678 B1 US6571678 B1 US 6571678B1
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United States
Prior art keywords
support structure
receptacle
aiming
launch
elevation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime, expires
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US09/696,846
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English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Bar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl BGT Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Assigned to DIEHL MUNITIONSSYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG reassignment DIEHL MUNITIONSSYSTEME GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BAR, KLAUS
Priority to US10/392,267 priority Critical patent/US6715397B2/en
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Publication of US6571678B1 publication Critical patent/US6571678B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/28—Electrically-operated systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to aiming drives for a launching arrangement located on an object, which for the alignment of a pivotal holder for the launching arrangement, possesses in a support structure fixed to the object an azimuthal setting motor with a rotational drive connected to a support ring for the pivotal holder.
  • the invention is further directed to the provision of an aiming drive for a launching arrangement located on an object which for the alignment of a pivotal holder for the launching device, possesses in a support structure fixed to the object an elevational setting motor with a support extending by means of a linkage connection through a support ring for the pivotal holder so as to be rotatable relative to the support structure, for enabling the elevation of the launching arrangement.
  • the invention also provides for an aiming drive for a launching arrangement located on an object, which for the alignment of a pivotal holder for the launching arrangement possesses setting motors located in a support structure which is fixed to the object.
  • Aiming drives of that type for the weapon turret of a lightweight military vehicle are known from the disclosure of European Patent Publication EP 149 639 B1.
  • the turret which is rotatable relative to the vehicle is carried on a platform by means of a radial ball bearing which, in turn, for shock-absorbing the recoil of the gun barrel is supported through the interposition of elastic supports by the vehicle chassis.
  • the tilting moments which act on the platform are supported thereby through a cage-like yoke frame, which is in the configuration of a hollow truncated cone, against a central shaft in the azimuthal axis of the turret rotation.
  • the central shaft ends opposite the turret in a linear gear rack, into which there engages the pinion of a motor, the latter of which is mounted transversely thereof fastened to the vehicle, so as to displace the shaft in the direction of the azimuthal axis.
  • a yoke Connected opposite the gear rack to this shaft is a yoke by means of a ball and socket joint.
  • the free end surfaces thereof are quite far behind the elevational, axis, extending so as to approach the center of gravity of the gun, articulated to the gun, as a result of which the latter by means of the gear rack drive can be aimed in elevation.
  • German Patent Publication DE 33 41 320 A1 there is known a controllable rotational drive for the rotatable upper part, for example, of a weapon installation, which supports itself on a stationary lower part by means of a large-sized roller bearing, which is formed from three rings or races, of which two are connected secured against rotation with the lower part and, respectively, with the upper part outer races are each equipped with a drive motor, whose pinions stand in engagement with a gear ring, which protrudes sleeve-like from this race arrangement, and axially offset relative thereto is connected with a middle race which is supported between these two races so as to, in the type of a differential drive, be able to vary the torsional moment transfer between the inner race and the outer race.
  • This azimuthal drive thus permits the implementation of a highly dynamic azimuthal adjustment of the two outer races relative to each other; however, notwithstanding the high demands on manufacturing and spatial requirements, still does not afford a dependable arresting in the assumed specified reference position.
  • a gun carriage-like support carries an azimuthally adjustable pivotal holder for the therein located tiltable launch container, which for these two aiming movements, in accordance with the prior art publication, is equipped with two setting motors which are mutually transversely oriented.
  • the setting motors must be designed for a rapid acceleration at a high torsional moment and rapid deceleration with an intense halting or restraining moment, which requires a large magnetically operative mass; in effect, extremely heavy setting motors.
  • This is particularly critical with regard to the unavoidable transmission losses in the rotating torque transmissions from the setting motors, on the one hand, for azimuthal rotation and, on the other hand, for the elevational pivoting of the launch receptacle. The requirement to be able to move these extremely large masses thus runs against the demand for a rapid and correct aiming of the launch receptacle toward a target.
  • the present invention has as an object to provide aiming drives for azimuthal and elevational, as well for a combined azimuthal and elevational aiming of the weapon, especially in the form of the mentioned launch receptacle, which is designed so as to be optimized to such critical demands in order to provide the most possibly rapid and most possibly free of any play, and the accurately maintainable aiming of the launch receptacle in accordance with azimuth and/or in accordance with elevation for a correct firing against a target, especially such as firing a defensive grenade against an attacking airborne body.
  • the bifurcated or yoke-like pivotal holder for the therein suspended launch receptacle so as to facilitate it to be aimable in elevation which is carried through the intermediary of the rotatable ring by the support structure which is fixed to the object, which with its housing can be integrated with the object which is to be protected, is articulated to a support rod, which, in turn, is articulated to an elevational setting motor arranged in the support structure concentrically with the azimuthal axis, which is equipped with a drive relative to the setting motor coaxially rotatable about the azimuthal axis for the translation of the support rod.
  • the setting motors are thereby arranged axially- parallel in the support structure, so as to be easily manufactured as a compactly preassembled and functionally-tested drive block or module with attachments, insertable below the platform as a multifunctional unit (namely, for azimuth and elevation, for the last-mentioned with the motor bearing concurrently serving as a drive bearing) into a pot- shaped housing.
  • the carrier ring for the yoke-shaped pivotal holder is carried on the platform by means of a surrounding bearing having a low axial height for the receipt of axial as well as radial loads, which is preferably designed as a known per se cross-roller bearing.
  • a surrounding bearing having a low axial height for the receipt of axial as well as radial loads, which is preferably designed as a known per se cross-roller bearing.
  • the yoke-shaped pivotal holder which is mounted on the rotatable carrier ring preferably possesses somewhat the geometry of a bending-resistant right-angled triangle with unequal short sides, which by means of its lengthier short side rests secured against movement on the carrier ring, and oppositely located in the region of the transition of the axially shorter arm to the hypotenuse, is equipped offset from the azimuthal axis with a swivel eyelet for the tilting for elevational aiming by the launch receptacle which is suspended in the holder. Closely adjacent to this pivot axis, and passing transversely thereof is the central axis of the support structure which lies in coincidence with the azimuthal axis of the carrier ring.
  • the articulation thereof to the support rod lies exactly in coincidence with the azimuthal axis. Due to the only slight mutual offset between the two articulated joint locations of the launch receptacle (pivot axis and support articulation) the coupling to the elevation motor in the form of the support rod, during the elevational aiming of the launch receptacle, carries out only extremely slight deviations from the azimuthal axis, so that this rod is subjected by the heavy launch receptacle during its is short lever path to practically no bending, but essentially only to thrust loading.
  • the launch receptacle is supported by way of the coupling rod or bar along the azimuthal axis on a translatory drive output of the elevation setting motor which is arranged in concentric relationship with the carrier ring and thus in coaxial relationship with the azimuthal axis, also in fixed relationship with the object, in the housing of the support structure.
  • This drive output is, for example, a telescope or preferably a means for conversion from a rotary motor movement into a linear drive output movement by way of a spindle nut on a screwthreaded rod.
  • the elevation setting motor overall or at any event its drive output member are rotatable relative to the support structure unless the support rod or bar is rotatable in itself or by way of at least one ball-headed joint relative to the support structure because the carrier ring rotates about the azimuthal axis for azimuthal aiming and in so doing entrains the coupling from the elevation motor which is fixed with respect to the object to the launch receptacle which in contrast is rotatable.
  • the latter only has to carry the weight of the launch receptacle including the pivotal holder thereof, which is supported by way of a rotational bearing or mounting arrangement on the support structure which now, as a result of integration of the setting motors, is in particular of a high mass and which therefore advantageously is sluggish in reaction in relation to the aiming procedures.
  • FIGURE of the drawing is a view in axial longitudinal section showing the structure of a launch aiming drive with rotational azimuth setting which is relieved of load in terms of apparatus structure, and rapid linear elevation setting.
  • the aiming drive 10 designed in accordance with the invention serves to protect a stationary or mobile object 11 from an approaching high-speed guided missile (not shown in the drawing) by firing theretowards at least one fragmentation shell or grenade from a launch receptacle 12 is carried by the object 11 to be protected, by way of the aiming drive 10 , so that, after sensing of the direction of the threat, it is possible to orient the launch direction of the defense shells or grenades which are to be fired off very rapidly in terms of azimuth and elevation towards the attacking missile—as described in greater detail in above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 5,611,254 A in regard to the operative mechanism of the fragmentation defense shells, reference being expressly directed thereto at this point for the avoidance of repetition.
  • the setting motors 13 , 14 are not moved with the launch receptacle 12 but are installed in the housing of a support structure 15 , which is fixed with respect to the object, of the aiming drive 10 , as is symbolically illustrated in the drawing by the cup-shaped housing which is recessed into the object 11 .
  • This cup-shaped support structure 15 for stationarily mounting the setting motors 13 , 14 and for rotationally supporting a pivotal holder 19 of the launch receptacle 12 has a base plate 16 which covers the housing (which is at least partially recessed into the object supporting it) and which is designed for azimuth setting in particular lateral armouring also as fragmentation protection.
  • the support structure 15 On or in the base plate 16 the support structure 15 carries a carrier ring 18 which is rotatable bout the central axis of the system, namely the azimuthal axis 17 of the aiming drive 10 , for the pivotal holder 19 which is rigidly connected to the carrier ring 18 and which opens upwardly in a forked configuration and in which the launch receptacle 12 is eccentrically suspended by a pivot axis 20 .
  • the launch receptacle 12 is pivotably connected by an eye 21 to a support rod or bar 22 which extends axially substantially along the azimuthal axis 17 through the center of the carrier ring 18 and extends downwardly to an oppositely disposed coupling location 30 for the purposes of pivotal connection there to the translatory drive output 23 , which is coaxial with the azimuthal axis 17 , of the elevation setting motor 13 .
  • At least one azimuth setting motor 14 is arranged stationarily in the support structure 15 and preferably parallel to the azimuthal axis 17 .
  • the base plate 16 In the region of the base plate 16 it is rotationally rigidly connected to the carrier ring 18 , in the illustrated example by a drive output pinion 24 in relation to an internal or external tooth arrangement 25 on the carrier ring 18 .
  • the tooth arrangement 25 at the rotational bearing or mounting arrangement for the carrier ring 18 represents the sole functional interface which requires adjustment between the stationary support structure 15 and the rotating pivotal holder 19 .
  • At least one rolling bearing Disposed radially opposite this rotational engagement, for radially supporting same and preferably designed at the same time for axially holding same, is at least one rolling bearing disposed in the base plate 16 which, as diagrammatically illustrated, can extend around the assembly in an annular configuration but which in principle can also comprise individual bearings which are displaced peripherally relative to each other.
  • the bearing design is preferably in the form of a rotational bearing or mounting arrangement 26 which extends peripherally within the carrier ring 18 and which, by way of its rolling tracks or races which are at a right angle relative to each other, can carry both axial and also radial forces.
  • At least two azimuth setting motors 14 are distributed for example equidistantly over the periphery of the carrier ring 18 .
  • the elevation setting motor 13 is stationarily embedded in the support structure 15 under the carrier ring 18 in concentric relationship with the azimuth axis 17 .
  • the elevation setting motor 13 can be designed, for example, with a translatory drive output 23 in the form of a telescope or for conversion of the rotational drive output movement by means of bearing 29 into a translatory drive output movement of the motor 13 , it can be in the form of a sliding nut on a motor shaft with a screwthreaded spindle for example in the manner of a roller thread drive or a trapezium spindle.
  • That drive output 23 is connected to the launch receptacle 12 by way of a support rod or bar 22 so that it can already be raised or lowered relative to the support structure 15 during azimuth setting and/or in the azimuth position which has been attained at that time.
  • the hypotenuse 27 which is opposite to the carrier ring 18 , of the approximately triangular pivotal holder 19 has an opening 28 of very large area in relation to the diameter of the support rod or bar 22 and into which the eyelet 21 on the launch receptacle 12 , for coupling the support rod or bar 22 thereto, can entirely engage.
  • the spacing between the pivot axis 20 for elevation of the launch receptacle 12 and the eyelet 21 for elevational support on the support rod or bar 22 is selected to be as small as possible so that, on both sides of a mean elevation, the degree of deflection movement of the support rod or bar 22 away from the azimuthal axis 17 remains as small as possible and it is thereby possible to provide for transmission of pressure from the linear drive output 23 of the setting motor 13 , in a practically bending moment-free condition, that is to say, which is kinetically as ideal as possible.
  • the operative connection between the elevation setting motor 13 and the launch receptacle 12 is here rotatable relative to the support structure 15 because the launch receptacle 12 , in the interest of low masses which are to be rotated, experiences an azimuthal setting relative to the elevation setting motor 13 which is arranged stationarily in the support structure 15 .
  • the rotatability which prevents the elevation from being influenced during and by virtue of azimuthal orientation can be involved n the translatory drive output 23 relative to its setting motor 13 , as diagrammatically indicated in the sketch by a rotary bearing 26 , in order to be able to design the pivotal connections of the support rod of bar 22 on the one hand to launch receptacle 12 and in opposite relationship thereto the elevation setting motor 13 , in the form of one-dimensional pivotal joints.
  • Rotatability however can also be insured by virtue of at least one of those two coupling locations 30 being in the form of a ball joint so that then the rotary movement during azimuth setting is not effected at the drive output side directly at the elevation setting motor 13 but in at least one of those coupling locations 30 .
  • linear sliding bearings which are critical in terms of the function involved are also avoided in that way.
  • An aiming drive 10 which can be integrated into an object 11 which is to be protected, for rapidly lining up the forked pivotal holder 19 of a launch receptacle 12 for fragmentation shells or grenades for defending against an attacking projectile, is distinguished therefore in the design configuration according to the invention by virtue of the possibility of precise simultaneous azimuth and elevation settings with a particularly high level of dynamics in terms of that aiming procedure in spite of a high weight for the launch receptacle 12 which is equipped with the fragmentation shells or grenades.
  • the setting motors 13 , 14 are disposed in a support structure 15 which is fixed with respect to the object, away from the pivotal holder 19 and protected from a fragmentation effect, for example in parallel relationship with the azimuthal axis 17 ; in the support structure 15 the setting motors are rotationally connected to a carrier ring 18 being supported rotatably in the support structure 15 by means of a moment bearing or mounting arrangement 26 .
  • the elevation setting motor 13 which is also stationarily intergrated into the support structure 15 coaxily with respect to the azimuthal axis 17 is provided with a translatorily acting drive output 23 which determines the elevation of the launch receptacle 12 by way of a support rod or bar 22 which extends substantially concentrically with respect to the azimuthal axis 17 and which is rotatable therearound.
  • the required torque for orientation of the launch receptacle 12 is substantially reduced because the heavy setting motors 13 , 14 are arranged, as an immovable reaction mass, in the support structure 15 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
US09/696,846 1999-10-28 2000-10-26 Aiming drive Expired - Lifetime US6571678B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/392,267 US6715397B2 (en) 1999-10-28 2003-03-19 Aiming drive

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DE19951915A DE19951915A1 (de) 1999-10-28 1999-10-28 Richtantrieb
DE19951915 1999-10-28

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US (2) US6571678B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1096218B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE278172T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19951915A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2233267T3 (fr)
IL (1) IL138978A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004097325A2 (fr) * 2003-01-21 2004-11-11 United Defense, L.P. Systeme d'arme a ejection
US20050132874A1 (en) * 2003-12-01 2005-06-23 Textron Systems Corporation Method for positioning a body along continuous-range inclination and rotation angles
US20070144338A1 (en) * 2005-12-12 2007-06-28 Stefan Gerstadt Weapon having an eccentrically-pivoted barrel
US10386150B2 (en) * 2015-05-28 2019-08-20 Leonardo S.P.A. Firearm support system
CN112815792A (zh) * 2021-01-18 2021-05-18 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 一种地空导弹武器系统坐标转换模型
KR102697972B1 (ko) * 2023-06-23 2024-08-22 이엠코리아 주식회사 포신 동작 장치

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DE10024320C2 (de) * 2000-05-17 2002-09-05 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh Radareinrichtung für den Objekt-Selbstschutz
FR2827950B1 (fr) * 2001-07-20 2004-02-06 Giat Ind Sa Systeme de defense d'une cible comprenant un dispositif lanceur de projectiles
DE10204052A1 (de) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-14 Krauss Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & C Richtanlage für einen Raketenwerfer
WO2004023058A1 (fr) * 2002-09-05 2004-03-18 Giat Industries Systeme de defense d'une cible comprenant un dispositif lanceur de projectiles
DE10329861B3 (de) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-13 Moog Gmbh Antriebsvorrichtung und Regelungsverfahren zum Ausrichten einer Waffe
US7673552B2 (en) * 2003-11-25 2010-03-09 Kilgore Flares Company, Llc Countermeasure system and method of using the same
DE102004017375B4 (de) * 2004-04-08 2009-05-07 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg System zum Schutze eines Zieles gegen angreifende Flugkörper
US7555970B2 (en) * 2004-09-22 2009-07-07 Precision Remotes, Inc. Rotating drive module with position locking mechanism
ITMI20060668A1 (it) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-06 Oto Melara Spa Dispositivo ausiliario di puntamento
DE102006050604B3 (de) 2006-10-26 2008-01-31 Moog Gmbh Richtantrieb für eine Waffe mit Differentialgetriebe
DE102006057564B3 (de) 2006-12-07 2008-08-14 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Werfer zur Selbstverteidigung eines mobilen oder stationären Objektes
US7966763B1 (en) 2008-05-22 2011-06-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Targeting system for a projectile launcher
DE102008038603C5 (de) * 2008-08-21 2018-04-19 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Gegenschussanlage
GB2475888A (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-08 Meritor Heavy Vehicle Sys Ltd Differential lock actuator
DE102011010902A1 (de) 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Schutzsystem
US8413569B1 (en) 2011-09-28 2013-04-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Parallel actuator gun mount
ITTR20120010A1 (it) * 2012-10-03 2014-04-04 Lucci Ettore Macchina per la movimentazione di armi di squadra e di reparto, da installare su veicoli militari e postazioni di controllo del territorio, elettronica e/o manuale
IL232301B (en) 2014-04-28 2018-11-29 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd System and method for neutralizing hollow charge threats
CN106500543B (zh) * 2016-10-27 2018-05-04 福州大学 抛投器载台及其使用方法

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US2370585A (en) * 1941-05-08 1945-02-27 Rose Brothers Ltd Gun turret
US3401599A (en) * 1966-05-25 1968-09-17 Licentia Gmbh Stabilizer
US4144797A (en) * 1975-09-12 1979-03-20 Ab Bofors Device for a turret applied to a tank
US4305325A (en) * 1979-10-31 1981-12-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy General purpose decoy launcher
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US5661254A (en) 1994-07-22 1997-08-26 Diehl Gmbh & Co. System for protecting a target from missiles

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004097325A2 (fr) * 2003-01-21 2004-11-11 United Defense, L.P. Systeme d'arme a ejection
WO2004097325A3 (fr) * 2003-01-21 2005-03-03 United Defense Lp Systeme d'arme a ejection
US6907812B1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2005-06-21 United Defense Lp Pop-up weapon system
US20050132874A1 (en) * 2003-12-01 2005-06-23 Textron Systems Corporation Method for positioning a body along continuous-range inclination and rotation angles
WO2005106609A2 (fr) * 2003-12-01 2005-11-10 Textron Systems Corporation Procede de positionnement d'un corps suivant des angles d'inclinaison et de rotation variables sur une plage continue
WO2005106609A3 (fr) * 2003-12-01 2005-12-15 Textron Systems Corp Procede de positionnement d'un corps suivant des angles d'inclinaison et de rotation variables sur une plage continue
US7219590B2 (en) 2003-12-01 2007-05-22 Textron Systems Corporation Method for positioning a body along continuous-range inclination and rotation angles
US20070144338A1 (en) * 2005-12-12 2007-06-28 Stefan Gerstadt Weapon having an eccentrically-pivoted barrel
US7597041B2 (en) * 2005-12-12 2009-10-06 Moog Gmbh Weapon having an eccentrically-pivoted barrel
US10386150B2 (en) * 2015-05-28 2019-08-20 Leonardo S.P.A. Firearm support system
CN112815792A (zh) * 2021-01-18 2021-05-18 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 一种地空导弹武器系统坐标转换模型
KR102697972B1 (ko) * 2023-06-23 2024-08-22 이엠코리아 주식회사 포신 동작 장치

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1096218B1 (fr) 2004-09-29
DE50007974D1 (de) 2004-11-04
IL138978A0 (en) 2001-11-25
DE19951915A1 (de) 2001-05-10
IL138978A (en) 2004-12-15
EP1096218A2 (fr) 2001-05-02
US20030177897A1 (en) 2003-09-25
ATE278172T1 (de) 2004-10-15
ES2233267T3 (es) 2005-06-16
US6715397B2 (en) 2004-04-06
EP1096218A3 (fr) 2002-04-10

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