US5961190A - Brake system for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Brake system for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
US5961190A
US5961190A US08/779,969 US77996996A US5961190A US 5961190 A US5961190 A US 5961190A US 77996996 A US77996996 A US 77996996A US 5961190 A US5961190 A US 5961190A
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United States
Prior art keywords
brake
motor vehicle
wheel
brake system
supply circuit
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US08/779,969
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English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Brandmeier
Dirk Zittlau
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Chassis Brakes International Technologies Pty Ltd
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Siemens AG
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Assigned to SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BRANDMEIER, THOMAS, ZITTLAU, DIRK
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Assigned to PACIFICA GROUP TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD. reassignment PACIFICA GROUP TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B60T13/686—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/321—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration deceleration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/321—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration deceleration
    • B60T8/3255—Systems in which the braking action is dependent on brake pedal data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/343—Systems characterised by their lay-out
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/48—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
    • B60T8/4809—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/88—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
    • B60T8/885—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means using electrical circuitry
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2270/00—Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
    • B60T2270/40—Failsafe aspects of brake control systems
    • B60T2270/414—Power supply failure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T2270/00—Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
    • B60T2270/82—Brake-by-Wire, EHB

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brake system for a motor vehicle with electrically controlled wheel brake devices, which each comprise one control part and one actuator.
  • the individual wheel brakes are activated by the devices independently of one another and in response to actuations of the brake pedal.
  • the brake signal actuated by the driver is separated in terms of force from the brakes; that is, the brake moment demand on the part of the driver is no longer transmitted directly as force via a hydraulic (or compressed-air-actuated) system, but it is now transmitted only in the form of an electrical signal over electrical lines.
  • the brake actuator or brake actor
  • the brake actuator is controlled that generates the requisite brake moment with an independent energy supply.
  • this energy supply is furnished from the on-board electrical system, and the brake moment is generated by an electromechanical or electro-hydraulic actuator and it is transmitted to a brake disk or brake drum (see earlier German patent application DE 195 29 664.8, applicant's docket GR 95 P 1763).
  • the brake system Since the brake system is a central safety function of the motor vehicle, it must assure extensive freedom from failure, and in the event of a malfunction it must enable braking of the vehicle, at least with reduced action. To that end, a dual-circuit brake system is demanded by law; as a rule, it is realized in the form of two separate hydraulic brake circuits.
  • Another known brake system has two separate electrical control circuits, each for two wheel brakes. Both of them receive control signals from a device that detects actuations of the brake pedal, and they each have their own energy supply circuit (British Patent GB 2 225 397 A). Additional brake functions that provide safety or comfort in motor vehicle operation cannot be achieved with this system.
  • control electronics are embodied in noncentralized fashion.
  • a central module and a plurality of wheel modules each have microprocessors with their own "intelligence”.
  • the wheel modules are hierarchically subordinate to the central module (European patent publication EP 0 467 112 A). The expense for circuitry and programming is considerable.
  • a brake system for a motor vehicle having wheels with wheel brakes and a brake pedal comprising:
  • each wheel brake device comprising a control part (particularly a microprocessor-controlled control part) and an actuator, and the wheel brake devices activating individual wheel brakes of the motor vehicle independently of one another and in response to actuations of a brake pedal;
  • a detector device connected to the brake pedal for detecting actuations of the brake pedal, the detector device outputting control signals to the control circuits in response to the actuations of the brake pedal;
  • an additional central control unit connected to all of the wheel brake devices, the central control unit controlling brake functions of the brake system serving safety features or comfort features of the motor vehicle.
  • the first energy supply circuit is supplied from the regular vehicle battery, and the system includes an additional battery supplying the second energy supply circuit, the additional battery having a power capacity adapted to a required output of the brake circuit.
  • the first energy supply circuit is supplied from the vehicle battery and the second supply circuit is supplied by the generator of the motor vehicle and includes an additional battery with sufficient capacity for a few braking events.
  • the advantages of the invention are in particular that the safety demands to be made of the brake system are met with little effort or expense and by simple means. Specifically, the brake system according to the invention requires no additional hydraulic emergency or substitute devices whatever and requires no special fail-safe central control unit for the normal brake function.
  • FIGURE of the drawing is a schematic block diagram of a brake system according to the invention.
  • a brake system 1 has two brake circuits, namely a circuit A and a circuit B, which are indicated in the FIGURE within the dashed boxes 2 and 3.
  • the system includes four wheel brake devices 4, 5, 6 and 7, of which the wheel brake devices 4 and 5 belong to the brake circuit A and the wheel brake devices 6, 7 belong to the brake circuit B.
  • Each wheel brake device comprises an actuator (actuator 1 through actuator 4) and an associated control part 10, 11, 12 and 13. Details of the actuators need not be described here: they may be electro-hydraulic actuators (as described in the aforementioned earlier application by the present applicant) or they may be provided with an electromechanical drive (as in the European patent publication EP-B 0 486 281).
  • the brake force simulator 15 includes two separate electronic sensors units 16 and 17, with which the pedal travel specified by the driver and/or the pedal force are measured.
  • the measured variable is converted into control signals, which are supplied to brake circuit A via a first signal output line 19 and to brake circuit B via a second signal output line 20.
  • These control signals represent the desired brake values; they reach the wheel brake devices 4, 5 and 6, 7, respectively, where they cause the associated actuators to actuate the respective brakes.
  • the brake system 1 executes the braking actions desired by the motor vehicle driver, and also, since it is split into two brake circuits, it has the requisite fail-safeness.
  • the brake system 1 also has an electronic control unit--or additional control unit 22 (also known as an electronic control unit ECU), which controls merely additional functions of the brakes by which the safety and/or comfort of the motor vehicle are increased, and which have already been mentioned at the outset (such as ABS, traction control, etc.).
  • ECU electronice control unit
  • the additional control unit 22 is not necessary for fail-safe function of the brake system 1 of the invention.
  • the control signals generated by the control unit 22 reach electronic elements or switches 23, in which they are superimposed on the control signals or desired brake values generated by the brake force simulator 14.
  • This superposition is equivalent to the signal superposition in hydraulic brake systems but can be realized very simply with electronic elements.
  • the elements 23 are designed in such a way, for instance as relays, that the control signals generated by the brake force simulator will in all cases reach the wheel brake devices 4-7, even if the additional electronic control unit 22 should fail. In the event of a possible failure of the control unit 22, only the additional functions of the brake system, such ABS, will be impaired but not the normal brake function.
  • the energy supply to the brake system 1 is likewise divided into two circuits, which each include a first battery a and a second battery b.
  • the lines used for the energy supply are shown in the drawing as heavy lines, while the signal lines are shown as fine lines.
  • the regular car battery may be used as the battery a, while an additional smaller battery is used as the battery b. The latter is thereby adapted to the required output of the brake circuit connected to it.
  • the generator 26 of the motor vehicle can be used as the energy storing means 25, with a small battery as an emergency buffer that has sufficient capacity for a few braking events.
  • the two energy supply circuits are connected to one another through a fuse 28, which in the case of a malfunction, such as a short circuit, disconnects the two circuits completely from one another.
  • the brake system By means of the brake system according to the invention, the following possible errors are intercepted: a failure of the electronic control unit 22 or a break in the electrical lines connected to it, a failure of one or two actuators, a failure of one energy supply, a break in the connecting lines inside the brake system, and a short circuit in one supply circuit or in the generator 26.
  • control parts 10-13 expediently contain a microprocessor and form an independent unit together with the respective actuator. Details of the controller are not shown here, since the controller is known per se and is not touched by the invention. If the control signals of the brake force simulator are transmitted as a pulse-width-modulated signal, then the control part 10-13 is embodied as a PWM end stage with electronic commutation.
  • the brake system according to the invention represents a fully equivalent high-performance analogy to the usual dual-circuit hydraulic brake systems with all their additional functions. However, it is achieved at less effort and expense and with simpler means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
US08/779,969 1995-12-12 1996-12-23 Brake system for a motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime US5961190A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19548392 1995-12-22
DE19548392A DE19548392C2 (de) 1995-12-22 1995-12-22 Bremsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5961190A true US5961190A (en) 1999-10-05

Family

ID=7781183

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/779,969 Expired - Lifetime US5961190A (en) 1995-12-12 1996-12-23 Brake system for a motor vehicle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5961190A (de)
EP (1) EP0780276B1 (de)
KR (1) KR970040606A (de)
DE (2) DE19548392C2 (de)
ES (1) ES2201148T3 (de)

Cited By (62)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US6152545A (en) * 1997-09-30 2000-11-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for avoiding an undesired braking operation of an electronic brake in a vehicle
US6203116B1 (en) * 1998-06-25 2001-03-20 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Method for operating an electromechanical brake system
US6203115B1 (en) * 1998-04-07 2001-03-20 Wabco Gmbh Control system for a vehicle braking system
US6213567B1 (en) * 1998-02-02 2001-04-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brake system for a motor vehicle and method for transmitting data in an electrically controlled brake system for a motor vehicle
US6227626B1 (en) * 1996-09-19 2001-05-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for controlling a motor vehicle drive train
GB2357818A (en) * 1997-07-30 2001-07-04 Siemens Ag Power supply to a vehicle brake system having electrically controlled actuators
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US6296325B1 (en) 1999-07-15 2001-10-02 The B. F. Goodrich Company Method to connect and distribute power to an electromechanical braking system
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US6412880B1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2002-07-02 Honeywell Commercial Vehicle Systems Co. Combined power supply and electronic control circuit for ABS
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US20090256415A1 (en) * 2006-06-26 2009-10-15 Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. Redundant hardware architecture for the low-voltage power supply stage of the braking system of a vehicle in which each of the wheels are connected to at least one rotary electrical machine
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US20100007199A1 (en) * 2008-07-14 2010-01-14 Mando Corporation Brake system for vehicle
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US20100066400A1 (en) * 2008-09-15 2010-03-18 Caterpillar Inc. Method and apparatus for determining the operating condition of generator rotating diodes
US7795825B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2010-09-14 Caterpillar Inc Over-voltage and under-voltage management for electric drive system
US20100314934A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2010-12-16 Ralf Leiter Electronic system for operating an electromechanical parking brake
JP2010538914A (ja) * 2007-09-20 2010-12-16 ソシエテ ド テクノロジー ミシュラン 道路車両の電気制動システム
US7918296B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2011-04-05 Caterpillar Inc. Cooling system for an electric drive machine and method
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CN102582595A (zh) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-18 爱皮加特股份公司 行程模拟器装置
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US20170166173A1 (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-15 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric parking brake for autonomous vehicles
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ES2201148T3 (es) 2004-03-16
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KR970040606A (ko) 1997-07-24
EP0780276A3 (de) 2000-03-15

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