US4798049A - Internal combustion engine with pressure-wave supercharger and lambda probe - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine with pressure-wave supercharger and lambda probe Download PDF

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Publication number
US4798049A
US4798049A US07/069,485 US6948587A US4798049A US 4798049 A US4798049 A US 4798049A US 6948587 A US6948587 A US 6948587A US 4798049 A US4798049 A US 4798049A
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Prior art keywords
pressure
lambda probe
exhaust gas
low
internal combustion
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Expired - Fee Related
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US07/069,485
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English (en)
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Andreas Mayer
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Comprex AG
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Assigned to BBC BROWN BOVERI AG, A CORP. OF SWITZERLAND reassignment BBC BROWN BOVERI AG, A CORP. OF SWITZERLAND ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MAYER, ANDREAS
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Assigned to ASEA BROWN BOVERI LTD. reassignment ASEA BROWN BOVERI LTD. NUNC PRO TUNC ASSIGNMENT (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BBC BROWN BOVERI LTD.
Assigned to COMPREX AG reassignment COMPREX AG NUNC PRO TUNC ASSIGNMENT (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ASEA BROWN BOVERI LTD.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
    • F02B33/42—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with driven apparatus for immediate conversion of combustion gas pressure into pressure of fresh charge, e.g. with cell-type pressure exchangers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the circuit of an internal combustion engine supercharged by a pressure-wave supercharger.
  • exhaust gas particle filters To improve the emission behavior of internal combustion engines, provisions are increasingly being made for fitting exhaust gas particle filters.
  • the primary object of these filters is to capture the soot particles harmful to the environment.
  • Latest proposals suggest catalytically coating the filtering channels of these exhaust gas particle filters, making it possible to neutralize further pollutants from the combustion. It is obvious that the soot particles captured will, in time, inevitably clog the filter: the flow resistance of the exhaust gas stream then increases extremely, which adversely affects the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.
  • Countermeasures are aimed at eliminating the soot coating by combustion, through increasing the filter temperature permanently or for a short time.
  • a "lambda probe” is fitted between engine and exhaust gas particle filter as an oxygen sensor, the measuring signal of which is fed to a control system of the internal combustion engine, which acts in a suitable way on the fresh air supply and/or the quantity of fuel.
  • a “lambda probe”, with a ZRO 2 ceramic, suitable for measurement of the oxygen content in the exhaust of internal combustion engines relative to the oxygen content of the air has become known for example from the article by Hans-Martin Wiedenmann et al. "Heated Zirconia Oxygen Sensor for Stoichiometric and Lean Air-Fuel Ratios", SAE-Paper 840141, SAE-Congress, Detroit, February-March 1984.
  • the oxygen partial pressure in the exhaust gas varies however with the exhaust gas pressure.
  • the pressure of the exhaust gas in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine is by no means constant, but depends strongly on the degree of clogging of the exhaust gas particle filter and on the engine speed. In the case of supercharged internal combustion engines, the pressure fluctuations in the exhaust system are much greater, as the supercharging ratio concerned is also added to the said effects of engine speed and degree of clogging of the exhaust gas particle filter.
  • pressure correction which could eliminate the effect of the exhaust gas pressure on the measuring signal of the lambda probe, is conditional on using a pressure sensor and an electronic computer unit. But this is an elaborate solution, as the pressure sensor in the exhaust system has to be extremely corrosion-resistant.
  • the invention achieves the object of providing for direct fitting of the lambda probe in a place in the circuit where the oxygen content to be measured is directly true.
  • the advantages of the placement according to the invention of the lambda probe are essentially to be seen in that a faster response time of the lambda probe is achieved in the full stream of the low-pressure exhaust gases, because there a greater quantity flows than in a bypass part-stream. If measurements are taken in the full stream of the low-pressure exhaust gases, it is also possible to dispense with a pressure correction, because there are no pressure fluctuations there.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the circuit of an internal combustion engine supercharged with a pressure-wave supercharger and with built-in lambda probe
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the lambda probe in the pressure-wave supercharger.
  • the circuit shown in FIG. 1 comprises an engine 1, a pressure-wave supercharger 2, and an exhaust gas particle filter 3.
  • a throttle valve 4 Placed in the air intake line 111 to the pressure-wave supercharger is a throttle valve 4, which is adjusted by a motor operator 5.
  • a starting valve or an automatic charge air valve system 6 Placed in the line for the fresh air supply 222 to the engine 1 is a starting valve or an automatic charge air valve system 6.
  • the exhaust gas particle filter 3 is fitted in the high-pressure exhaust gas line 333, in other words between engine 1 and pressure-wave supercharger 2.
  • the low-pressure exhaust gas line 444 there operates a lambda probe 7, the arrangement of which is kept separate from a possible scavenging stream, preferably in the opening region of the low-pressure gas discharge duct 26 (FIG. 2).
  • the lambda probe 7 determines the oxygen content in the exhaust, once the latter has performed supercharging work in the pressure-wave supercharger 2. Measurement of the oxygen content therefore takes place under constant pressure conditions. In the case of an internal combustion engine supercharged with a pressure-wave supercharger 2, a person skilled in the art would not measure the oxygen concentration in the low-pressure exhaust 444, because this is mixed with scavenging air and the ⁇ measured does not coincide with the actual excess air count in the high-pressure exhaust 333.
  • the lambda probe 7 in the full stream of the low-pressure exhaust 444 consequently only operates correctly if the degree of scavenging of the pressure-wave supercharger 2 is ⁇ sp ⁇ 0 or if the exhaust gas recirculation is Rz ⁇ 0.
  • the oxygen content measured by the lambda probe 7 in the full stream of the low-pressure exhaust 444 creates a measuring signal 9 for the computer unit 8: the corresponding control information then acts on the throttle valve 4 and/or the starting valve 6. If a circuit does not have any filtering of the exhaust gases, the lambda probe 7 is used to reduce the NO X values.
  • the use of a poorly heat-conducting material for connection of the lambda probe 7 to the exhaust system can be used additionally to particular advantage for reducing the effects of the temperature fluctuations of the exhaust on the measuring signal 9 of the lambda probe 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows an advantageous fitting variant within gas-dynamic pressure-wave machines.
  • FIG. 2 shows it as the development of a cylindrical section half way up the cells through the rotor and through the adjoining portions of the side parts of the housing.
  • FIG. 2 shows it as the development of a cylindrical section half way up the cells through the rotor and through the adjoining portions of the side parts of the housing.
  • the gas housing 22 and the air housing 23 are provided with only one high-pressure opening and one low pressure opening on their sides facing the rotor 21.
  • the directions of flow of the working media and the direction of rotation of the pressure-wave machine are denoted by arrows.
  • the hot exhaust gases of the combustion engine not shown here pass through the high-pressure gas inflow duct 24 into the rotor 21, provided with axially straight cells 25 open on both sides, expand therein and leave it via the low-pressure gas outflow duct 26 to the exhaust pipe (not shown).
  • the atmospheric fresh air is sucked in, flows via the low-pressure air intake duct 27 axially into the rotor 21, is compressed therein and leaves it as charge air via the high-pressure air outlet duct 28 to the engine via a charge air cooler (not shown).
  • the exhaust gas expands and then escapes into the low-pressure gas outflow duct 26, while in the second of these part of the fresh air sucked in is compressed and pushed out into the high-pressure air outlet duct 28.
  • the remaining proportion of fresh air is flushed over into the low-pressure gas outflow duct 26 by the rotor and thus effects complete discharge of the exhaust gases.
  • This scavenging is essential for the process sequence and has to be maintained under all circumstances. It must be avoided in any event that exhaust gas remains in the rotor 21 and is supplied to the engine with the charge air during a subsequent cycle.
  • the proportion of scavenging air falsifies the measurement, depending on the position of the lambda probe, to the extent that a value greater than the true ⁇ would be measured. This would be the case for example if the probe were in the region of the closing edge 31 of the low-pressure gas outflow duct 26. Therefore, the lambda probe 7 is arranged to advantage in the region of the opening edge 32 of the low-pressure gas outflow duct 26, in other words in a position where there is a pure exhaust gas flow under all conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
US07/069,485 1986-07-08 1987-07-02 Internal combustion engine with pressure-wave supercharger and lambda probe Expired - Fee Related US4798049A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2749/86 1986-07-08
CH274986 1986-07-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4798049A true US4798049A (en) 1989-01-17

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Family Applications (1)

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US07/069,485 Expired - Fee Related US4798049A (en) 1986-07-08 1987-07-02 Internal combustion engine with pressure-wave supercharger and lambda probe

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4798049A (de)
EP (1) EP0252316B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6325318A (de)
AT (1) ATE59432T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3767056D1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3928666A1 (de) * 1989-08-30 1991-03-07 Asea Brown Boveri Schaltung einer brennkraftmaschine
US5048470A (en) * 1990-12-24 1991-09-17 Ford Motor Company Electronically tuned intake manifold
US5199257A (en) * 1989-02-10 1993-04-06 Centro Sviluppo Materiali S.P.A. Device for removal of particulates from exhaust and flue gases
US6055965A (en) * 1997-07-08 2000-05-02 Caterpillar Inc. Control system for exhaust gas recirculation system in an internal combustion engine
US6589314B1 (en) 2001-12-06 2003-07-08 Midwest Research Institute Method and apparatus for agglomeration
US20050187576A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2005-08-25 Whitman Michael P. Surgical cutting and stapling device
WO2006126922A1 (en) * 2005-05-26 2006-11-30 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Method for regeneration of an exhaust aftertreatment system
US20080033628A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2008-02-07 Lino Guzzella Method for operating an internal combustion engine
US9051892B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2015-06-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for determining the oxygen concentration O 2 in a gas flow

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH677814A5 (de) * 1989-01-27 1991-06-28 Asea Brown Boveri
JP2549913B2 (ja) * 1989-04-19 1996-10-30 富士写真フイルム株式会社 放射線像変換パネル
DE102010049361A1 (de) * 2010-10-26 2012-04-26 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Druckwellenladeranordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Druckwellenladeranordnung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2354313A1 (de) * 1972-11-01 1974-05-09 Hitachi Ltd Mischungsverhaeltnis-regeleinrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
EP0152870A2 (de) * 1984-02-21 1985-08-28 Comprex Ag Verfahren zur Regenerierung des Abgaspartikelfilters bei Verbrennungsmotoren
US4553387A (en) * 1981-08-11 1985-11-19 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Supercharged internal combustion engine with exhaust particulates filter
DE3526532A1 (de) * 1984-07-24 1986-02-13 Mazda Motor Corp., Hiroshima Einlassausbildung fuer brennkraftmaschine mit auflader
US4702075A (en) * 1984-11-09 1987-10-27 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Process and device for operating a diesel engine with an exhaust-gas particle filter

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55165432A (en) * 1979-06-12 1980-12-23 Sharp Corp Cooker
JPS6035546B2 (ja) * 1979-07-02 1985-08-15 トヨタ自動車株式会社 排気タ−ボチャ−ジャ付内燃機関の空燃比制御装置
JPS5681235A (en) * 1979-12-04 1981-07-03 Nippon Soken Inc Air-fuel ratio controller for internal combustion engine with supercharger

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2354313A1 (de) * 1972-11-01 1974-05-09 Hitachi Ltd Mischungsverhaeltnis-regeleinrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US4553387A (en) * 1981-08-11 1985-11-19 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Supercharged internal combustion engine with exhaust particulates filter
EP0152870A2 (de) * 1984-02-21 1985-08-28 Comprex Ag Verfahren zur Regenerierung des Abgaspartikelfilters bei Verbrennungsmotoren
US4615172A (en) * 1984-02-21 1986-10-07 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Process for regenerating the exhaust-gas particle filter of internal-combustion engines
DE3526532A1 (de) * 1984-07-24 1986-02-13 Mazda Motor Corp., Hiroshima Einlassausbildung fuer brennkraftmaschine mit auflader
US4702075A (en) * 1984-11-09 1987-10-27 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Process and device for operating a diesel engine with an exhaust-gas particle filter

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5199257A (en) * 1989-02-10 1993-04-06 Centro Sviluppo Materiali S.P.A. Device for removal of particulates from exhaust and flue gases
DE3928666A1 (de) * 1989-08-30 1991-03-07 Asea Brown Boveri Schaltung einer brennkraftmaschine
US5048470A (en) * 1990-12-24 1991-09-17 Ford Motor Company Electronically tuned intake manifold
US6055965A (en) * 1997-07-08 2000-05-02 Caterpillar Inc. Control system for exhaust gas recirculation system in an internal combustion engine
US6589314B1 (en) 2001-12-06 2003-07-08 Midwest Research Institute Method and apparatus for agglomeration
US20050187576A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2005-08-25 Whitman Michael P. Surgical cutting and stapling device
WO2006126922A1 (en) * 2005-05-26 2006-11-30 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Method for regeneration of an exhaust aftertreatment system
US20080209894A1 (en) * 2005-05-26 2008-09-04 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Method For Regeneration Of An Exhaust Aftertreatment System
US20080033628A1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2008-02-07 Lino Guzzella Method for operating an internal combustion engine
US7669587B2 (en) * 2006-05-03 2010-03-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method of operating an engine with a pressure-wave supercharger
US8136512B2 (en) 2006-05-03 2012-03-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating an engine with a pressure-wave supercharger
US9051892B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2015-06-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for determining the oxygen concentration O 2 in a gas flow
US10323583B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2019-06-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for determining the oxygen concentration O2 in a gas flow

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6325318A (ja) 1988-02-02
DE3767056D1 (de) 1991-02-07
EP0252316A1 (de) 1988-01-13
ATE59432T1 (de) 1991-01-15
EP0252316B1 (de) 1990-12-27

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Owner name: BBC BROWN BOVERI AG, CH-5401 BADEN, SWITZERLAND A

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