US4144170A - Apparatus for water treatment - Google Patents

Apparatus for water treatment Download PDF

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Publication number
US4144170A
US4144170A US05/834,558 US83455877A US4144170A US 4144170 A US4144170 A US 4144170A US 83455877 A US83455877 A US 83455877A US 4144170 A US4144170 A US 4144170A
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United States
Prior art keywords
passages
water
flow
overflow
lamella
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US05/834,558
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English (en)
Inventor
Karl R. Dunkers
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from SE7610793A external-priority patent/SE412578B/xx
Priority claimed from SE7610792A external-priority patent/SE401669B/xx
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0211—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0045—Plurality of essentially parallel plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0063—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles with cross-flow flow direction of liquid and solid particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/10—Settling tanks with multiple outlets for the separated liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24—Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/2427—The feed or discharge opening located at a distant position from the side walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24—Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/245—Discharge mechanisms for the sediments
    • B01D21/2466—Mammoth pumps, e.g. air lift pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to purifying of polluted water, such as sewage water, and relates to an apparatus for separating solid and liquid pollutants from such water, said apparatus being so formed that in a simple way it enables separation of both material tending to sink in the water and material tending to rise to the water surface. It can moreover be made so that it can achieve further fractioning of the separated material.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is formed while applying the lamella technique, known per se, i.e. it contains a packet of lamellae with small intermediate spaces, through which the water must flow while pollutants settle or rise to be thus separated from the water.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is so formed, however, that it provides the desired separation in a more effective and advantageous way.
  • the scum sometimes forms itself here into bodies of the size of footballs which are very difficult to remove and can completely block the spaces between the lamellae.
  • Certain known lamella structures are indeed equipped with means for removing scum, but since the shape of the lamellae in them compels placing the scum separating means in just the space between the lamellae, both the function and possibility of application of these structures are strongly limited.
  • the sand With lamella installations designed only for single phase sludge separation, the sand will naturally be separated at the same time as the sludge into a sand sludge mixture. In many cases, inter alia when treating storm water and overflow water, this is not very desirable since the sludge should preferably be led to the sewage system for further transport and treatment in a waste water treatment plant in the vicinity, while the separated sand can be stored directly on site for drying and taking in a dry state afterwards.
  • the lamella structures on the market have been chiefly developed for applications with relatively limited flow variations -- e.g. chemical precipitation of municipal and industrial waste water, and the design of the lamella units with adjacent inlet and outlet channels has as a consequence thereof been dictated by certain relationships between total lamella surface, flow, selected surface loadings, method of taking away the separated phase etc.
  • the lamella technique offers in general an increasingly favorable plant cost for increasingly large flows and flow variations, it is therefore doubly lamentable that there are the deficiences accounted for above in today's lamella technique.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a new type of lamella installations where the deficiences described above with sand sludge separation, removal of scum and oil and the design of the lamella spaces, ducts and channels have been eliminated.
  • Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent as the description proceeds.
  • FIG. 1 shows an apparatus, according to the invention, in a vertical cross section.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of two of the lamellae included in the apparatus according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a vertical cross section along the line III-III in FIG. 4 of another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a partial plan view of the apparatus according to FIG. 3.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show partial sections through the apparatus according to FIGS. 3 and 4 along the lines V and VI in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically a plant for treating storm water and overflow water embodying an apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 it will be seen that water is led into the lamella installation by an inlet channel 1, and from here through openings 2 to the gaps 3, formed between a number of inclined lamellae. After passage through these gaps, hereafter called input gaps, the water is collected in an open chamber 4 equipped with troughs 5 and associated operating equipment 6 for separating scum and oil, which is taken to a collecting channel 8 from a trough 5 via a duct 7. In the open chamber 4 the water flow is turned in the opposite direction towards the gaps 9, hereinafter called output gaps, adjacent the input gaps 3.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates how alternate gaps function as input gaps 3 and output gaps 9.
  • a scum screen 10 Upwardly on the inlet side at the output gaps 9 there is arranged a scum screen 10, the task of which is to prevent oil and scum from accompanying the outgoing flow.
  • An inlet screen 11 prevents direct passage from the inlet channel 1 to the output gaps 9.
  • an arbitrary number of gaps can be chosen as input gaps while the remaining gaps function as output gaps.
  • the water liberated from scum, oil and settleable solids (FIGS. 1 and 3) is taken from the output gaps 9 through the overflow openings 12 to the troughs 13 equipped with adjustable weirs 14, the task of which is to ensure a uniform distribution of the flow to all lamella gaps.
  • the water is collected into secondary collecting troughs 15, wherefrom it goes through ducts 16 to a central collecting channel 17 for outgoing water.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a lamella installation for two fractions
  • FIG. 3 shows the corresponding construction for separating a single bottom fraction only.
  • heavier settleable solids e.g. sand in storm water treatment
  • a separate collecting chamber 19 intended for heavier sedimented particles.
  • the separated heavier material is pumped via a suction line 20 and a pump 21 -- usually of the airlift pump type -- to a stockpile for drying and taking away.
  • FIG. 3 shows in section how separated settleable solids are collected and taken away in a system with only one bottom fraction.
  • both input and output gaps have downward free openings 30, separated bottom material being collected in the chamber 31 and transported away from here, via a duct 32 and an overflow pipe provided with adjusting means 34, to the channel 8 for taking away.
  • the task of the overflow pipe 33 is, similar to what was shown in FIG. 1, to create a hydrostatic differential pressure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the lamella installation according to FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 there is seen the space 31 under the lamellae, with bottom ridges between the sludge removal tubes 32.
  • the bottom can be made flat for sludge scraping by machine.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional detail of the trough 13 illustrating how the water under the trough has a free passage through the openings 2 to the input gaps, while the screens 11 prevent the water from entering the output gaps. Above the trough there is the reverse situation where the openings 12 permit passage of treated water to the trough 13 from the output gaps, while the upstanding edges of the trough prevent water from the input gaps running over into the trough 13.
  • the function according to the present invention gives a plurality of self-evident advantages compared with previously known lamella technique within all the fields of application, such as treatment of surface water, tap water as well as municipal and industrial waste water. Further hereto, the lamella installation according to the invention can be applied to areas, e.g. storm water and overflow water, where conventional lamella technique has not been able to be applied without special consideration.
  • oil and scum can be separated in an expedient way in the separate chamber intended herefor, at the side of the lamella chamber, and after required detention time in the input gaps of the lamella section.
  • the water flow backwards and forwards through the lamella unit also creates the possibility of obtaining a division of settled bottom substance into a light fraction and a heavier fraction.
  • the particle size limits for both bottom fractions can be selected comparatively freely. This possibility of division is very important in a plurality of applications, inter alia in separating sands and sludge from storm water, different fiber sizes from the waste water of pulp industries, sand/sludge from washing water in the food industry etc.
  • the method of separating fractions by hydrostatic differential pressure makes it possible continuously to take out different fractions from the system.
  • the lamella system according to the invention can serve essentially as a flow distributor.
  • this makes it possible to utilize storm water and detention basins for storing extracted bottom and surface fractions instead of rainwater as in the case according to present day technique.
  • a change in the function of the storm water basins to combined operation with the lamella system according to the present invention brings with it considerable savings in cost of basin volumes.
  • Treatment of overflow and storm water is carried out according to the present state of the art mainly with the help of storage volumes and has the object of creating uniformity of the peak flows occurring in the piping system during a rainy period.
  • These storage volumes are usually designed as levelling-out basins, overflow basins, detention basins or rainwater basins. After rain has ceased, the contents of the basin can partially or completely be taken back to the water treatment plant for conventional treatment.
  • the waste water and storm water are taken commonly to a waste water treatment plant.
  • spillways In order to take up larger incoming flows, spillways must also be used here, whereon the overflow water can partly be taken directly to the receiving body of water and partly to a detention basin from which a portion of the collected overflow water can possibly be taken to the waste water treatment plant.
  • the present invention relates to a method in which considerable reduction in required storage volumes for overflow and storm water has been successful, simultaneously as there has been achieved in connection with the levelling-out of the flow an effect of improving water quality. Thanks to the reduction of basin volumes, the method brings with it considerable lower plant costs than with conventional levelling or detention basins.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the treatment of waste water and storm water when using an apparatus according to the invention.
  • the main principle is to distribute the rainwater before the detention basin into three or more fractions, whereby the rainwater proper is taken past the detention basin directly to the receiving body of water.
  • the detention basin is intended for receiving instead the remaining fractions separated during the flow distribution, i.e. sand and bottom sludge as well as scum and oil. Since the flow for these fractions is only a fraction of the rainwater flow proper, the need of storage volume will naturally be heavily reduced.
  • Rainwater and/or overflow water is taken via a pipe 51 to a schematically shown lamella separating unit 52 according to the invention, as described in more detail above, in which the flow is divided into at least three different partial flows.
  • the main flow consisting of water which has been liberated from scum and settling sludge in the lamellae, is collected in a trough 53 and taken from here in a duct 54 to a receiving body of water.
  • the bottom sludge is collected in a chamber 55 under the lamellae and is taken through a duct 56 to a storage basin 57. Scum and possible oil are collected in a trough 58 and taken through a duct 59 to the same storage basin 57.
  • the content of the basin is transported to ducts 60 and a pump 61 for further treatment and to render it innocuous.
  • the invention can moreover be used for separating by means of flotation in the input gaps simultaneously with sedimentation in the output gaps.
  • finely divided air bubbles are supplied either in the inlet channel 1 or by addition into the incoming flow in a suitable space before water is passed to the inlet channel.
  • the air bubbles adhere to suspended material which floats up to the surface within the inlet gaps 3 and which can then be removed as scum by the apparatus 5 and 6. Heavier particles settle simultaneously in the input gaps while light particles which have not been entrained by the air settle in the outlet gaps.
  • This combination of flotation/sedimentation is especially usable in purifying such waste water containing fractions of substances which settle with difficulty.
  • the lamella system according to the invention furthermore gives a plurality of practical advantages from the point of view of maintenance and operation.
  • the lamella system allows grouping of incoming and outgoing channels on one side of the lamella structure, and channels for all extracted fractions on the other side. This also creates further good inspection possibilities and contributes to a linear disposition of the different units in the lamella installation.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
US05/834,558 1976-09-29 1977-09-19 Apparatus for water treatment Expired - Lifetime US4144170A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7610792 1976-09-29
SE7610793A SE412578B (sv) 1976-09-29 1976-09-29 Anvendning av en lamellavskiljare for behandling av bredd- och dagvatten
SE7610792A SE401669B (sv) 1976-09-29 1976-09-29 Apparat for avskiljning av fororeningar fran vatten
SE7610793 1976-09-29

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/125,634 Reissue USRE30793E (en) 1976-09-29 1980-02-28 Apparatus for water treatment

Publications (1)

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US4144170A true US4144170A (en) 1979-03-13

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US05/834,558 Expired - Lifetime US4144170A (en) 1976-09-29 1977-09-19 Apparatus for water treatment
US06/125,634 Expired - Lifetime USRE30793E (en) 1976-09-29 1980-02-28 Apparatus for water treatment

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/125,634 Expired - Lifetime USRE30793E (en) 1976-09-29 1980-02-28 Apparatus for water treatment

Country Status (7)

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US (2) US4144170A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5384364A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1089374A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2743963C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI67488C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2366227A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1542755A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3228222A1 (de) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-17 Betonvarefabriken Sjaelland A/S, 4000 Roskilde Abscheider, insbesondere zum abscheiden von oel und sand aus abwasser
US4585556A (en) * 1982-06-14 1986-04-29 Agrozet, Koncernova Obchodna Organizacia Arrangement for removal of sludge separated by flotation in the biological activating cleaning of waste waters using a fluid filtration
US4800907A (en) * 1985-02-02 1989-01-31 Giehl Klaus Ulrich Storage space for liquids, with a flushing device
US5536409A (en) * 1994-10-25 1996-07-16 Citec International Incorporated Water treatment system
US5605636A (en) * 1995-04-20 1997-02-25 Mcnish Corporation Liquid clarification device and method
EP0864344A1 (de) * 1997-03-15 1998-09-16 Munters Euroform GmbH Zulaufverteiler und einen solchen aufweisendes Phasenseparationsbecken
US5827373A (en) * 1994-04-28 1998-10-27 Eriksson; Tord Georg Water-and chemical recycling
US6159361A (en) * 1997-12-30 2000-12-12 Lapointe; Bernard Oil-reclaiming bouyant apparatus
US6264832B1 (en) 1997-08-19 2001-07-24 Fazlollah Panahi Apparatus for the treatment of rain water
US6645387B2 (en) 2001-02-15 2003-11-11 Evac International Oy Separator device
CN102179073A (zh) * 2011-03-31 2011-09-14 重庆大学 泵吸式泥渣外回流高效澄清池
CN104692509A (zh) * 2015-04-02 2015-06-10 北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 精准回流式机械搅拌澄清池及处理工艺

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988009697A1 (en) * 1987-06-10 1988-12-15 Conoco Specialty Products Inc. Liquid separator
EP0365537A4 (en) * 1987-06-10 1990-06-28 Conoco Specialty Prod LIQUID SEPARATOR.
US6638424B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2003-10-28 Jensen Enterprises Stormwater treatment apparatus
DE19726488A1 (de) * 1997-06-21 1998-12-24 Michael Benkeser Flüssigkeitsabscheider
US6350374B1 (en) 2000-01-19 2002-02-26 Jensen Enterprises, Inc. Stormwater treatment apparatus
US7638065B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2009-12-29 Jensen Precast Stormwater treatment apparatus and method
US6676832B2 (en) 2002-01-05 2004-01-13 Terre Hill Silo Company Surface water purifying catch basin
US6991114B2 (en) 2003-09-17 2006-01-31 Vortechnics, Inc. Apparatus for separating floating and non-floating particulate from a fluid stream

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1800965A (en) * 1926-11-17 1931-04-14 Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc Separation of liquids and solids
US2603588A (en) * 1948-11-26 1952-07-15 Southern Wood Preserving Co Apparatus for partially dehydrating and cleansing oily wood preservatives
US2673451A (en) * 1950-11-10 1954-03-30 Neyrpic Ets Apparatus for separating suspended material from a fluid stream
US3346122A (en) * 1965-09-10 1967-10-10 Shell Oil Co Plate separator with drainage gutter
US3997444A (en) * 1976-03-15 1976-12-14 Sybron Corporation Sewage settling tank

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DE1213223C2 (de) 1960-02-15 1973-02-01 Milos Krofta Dr Ing Vorrichtung zum Reinigen der ungeklaerten Abwaesser in den Papier-, Zellstoff- und aehnlichen Industrien
US3161526A (en) 1961-03-27 1964-12-15 Int Machinery Corp Sa Method of and apparatus for processing fish
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US3399135A (en) 1967-09-29 1968-08-27 Neptune Microfloc Inc Method of removing solids from liquids
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GB1309930A (en) 1969-07-07 1973-03-14 Pielkenrood Vinitex Bv Separators for removing flotation and or precipitation components from a liquid
FR2063821A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-10-31 1971-07-09 Erpac
DE2219441B2 (de) 1972-04-20 1977-04-14 Ausscheidung in: 22 65 262 Passavant-Werke Michelbacher Hütte, 6209 Aarbergen Sedimentations- und eindickvorrichtung zur mechanischen oder mechanisch-chemischen wasseraufbereitung und/oder abwasserbehandlung
CH548795A (de) * 1972-09-12 1974-05-15 Escher Wyss Ag Dekanter.
US3919084A (en) * 1974-01-22 1975-11-11 Michael J Bebech Rapid settler apparatus
NL7405066A (nl) 1974-04-12 1975-10-14 Pielkenrood Vinitex Bv Inrichting voor het tot stand brengen van deel- tjesgroei en van een dergelijke inrichting voor- ziene samengestelde afscheidingsinrichting.
JPS5122163A (ja) * 1974-08-19 1976-02-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Chinsabunriki
SE386830B (sv) * 1974-11-29 1976-08-23 Nordstjernan Rederi Ab Anordning for separation av en komponent ur en vetskefas

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US1800965A (en) * 1926-11-17 1931-04-14 Nat Aniline & Chem Co Inc Separation of liquids and solids
US2603588A (en) * 1948-11-26 1952-07-15 Southern Wood Preserving Co Apparatus for partially dehydrating and cleansing oily wood preservatives
US2673451A (en) * 1950-11-10 1954-03-30 Neyrpic Ets Apparatus for separating suspended material from a fluid stream
US3346122A (en) * 1965-09-10 1967-10-10 Shell Oil Co Plate separator with drainage gutter
US3997444A (en) * 1976-03-15 1976-12-14 Sybron Corporation Sewage settling tank

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3228222A1 (de) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-17 Betonvarefabriken Sjaelland A/S, 4000 Roskilde Abscheider, insbesondere zum abscheiden von oel und sand aus abwasser
US4585556A (en) * 1982-06-14 1986-04-29 Agrozet, Koncernova Obchodna Organizacia Arrangement for removal of sludge separated by flotation in the biological activating cleaning of waste waters using a fluid filtration
US4800907A (en) * 1985-02-02 1989-01-31 Giehl Klaus Ulrich Storage space for liquids, with a flushing device
US5827373A (en) * 1994-04-28 1998-10-27 Eriksson; Tord Georg Water-and chemical recycling
US5536409A (en) * 1994-10-25 1996-07-16 Citec International Incorporated Water treatment system
US5605636A (en) * 1995-04-20 1997-02-25 Mcnish Corporation Liquid clarification device and method
EP0864344A1 (de) * 1997-03-15 1998-09-16 Munters Euroform GmbH Zulaufverteiler und einen solchen aufweisendes Phasenseparationsbecken
US6264832B1 (en) 1997-08-19 2001-07-24 Fazlollah Panahi Apparatus for the treatment of rain water
US6159361A (en) * 1997-12-30 2000-12-12 Lapointe; Bernard Oil-reclaiming bouyant apparatus
US6645387B2 (en) 2001-02-15 2003-11-11 Evac International Oy Separator device
CN102179073A (zh) * 2011-03-31 2011-09-14 重庆大学 泵吸式泥渣外回流高效澄清池
CN104692509A (zh) * 2015-04-02 2015-06-10 北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 精准回流式机械搅拌澄清池及处理工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI772800A7 (fi) 1978-03-30
JPS5384364A (en) 1978-07-25
USRE30793E (en) 1981-11-10
CA1089374A (en) 1980-11-11
FR2366227A1 (fr) 1978-04-28
FI67488C (fi) 1985-04-10
DE2743963C2 (de) 1983-03-03
DE2743963A1 (de) 1978-03-30
FR2366227B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-12-05
FI67488B (fi) 1984-12-31
GB1542755A (en) 1979-03-21

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