US3889889A - Apparatus for pulverizing vulcanized rubber and rubber products - Google Patents

Apparatus for pulverizing vulcanized rubber and rubber products Download PDF

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Publication number
US3889889A
US3889889A US34687173A US3889889A US 3889889 A US3889889 A US 3889889A US 34687173 A US34687173 A US 34687173A US 3889889 A US3889889 A US 3889889A
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Prior art keywords
casing
rotor
rubber
clearance
grinding
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English (en)
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Kiyohiko Sawa
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP8128672A external-priority patent/JPS4937251A/ja
Priority claimed from JP8128772A external-priority patent/JPS5325970B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP8475372A external-priority patent/JPS522739B2/ja
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B02C15/06—Mills with rollers forced against the interior of a rotary ring, e.g. under spring action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0224—Screens, sieves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/709—Articles shaped in a closed loop, e.g. conveyor belts
    • B29L2031/7092—Conveyor belts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • An apparatus for pulverizing vulcani zed rubber and rubber products includes an ovoid rotor housed within 52 us. (:1.
  • the present invention relates generally to a pulverizing apparatus and more particularly to an apparatus for pulverizing vulcanized rubber and rubber products.
  • Vulcanized rubber and rubber products have heretofore been pulverized or ground by means of a grinder of the impact type, a reciprocating shearing machine or a cracking roll. Since articles of this kind are characterized by a high degree of elasticity and often comprise fibers or other reinforcing means incorporated therein, even when they are subjected to the action of a grinder of the impact type, the grinding efficiency is very low whereby the articles are merely torn into strips and the like which are quite irregualr in size.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved pulverizing apparatus which does not experience the drawbacks of conventional apparatus.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an improved pulverizing apparatus which can be utilized to easily pulverize vulcanized rubber and rubber products.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an improved pulverizing apparatus which can be utilized to pulverize vulcanized rubber and rubber products while expending less power than normally required utilizing conventional techniques.
  • a yet further object of the present invention is to provide an improved pulverizing apparatus which can effectively pulverize vulcanized rubber and rubber products into particles of uniform size.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide an improved pulverizing apparatus which can effectively pulverize vulcanized rubber and rubber products into particles having any one of a plurality of predetermined sizes.
  • an appara tus for pulverizing vulcanized rubber or rubber products which packs a vulcanized rubber or rubber product between a rotor having an egg-shaped cross-section and a casing surrounding the rotor, and rotates the rotor relative to the casing to thereby impose upon the rubber material frictional forces due to frictional forces between the rubber material and the rotor and between the rubber material and the casing as well as shearing forces within the interior of the rubber material.
  • a vulcanized rubber or rubber product may be packed between a rotor having an egg-shaped cross-section and a casing surrounding this rotor, and the rubber material is subjected to frictional forces due to such forces between the rubber material and the rotor and between the rubber material and the casing and also to shearing forces within the interior of the rubber material, by rotating the rotor relative to the casing and simultaneously changing the clearance formed between the outer periphery of the rotor and the inner wall of the casing.
  • pre-treatment required prior to the pulverization is extremely simple, and pulverization can be accomplished at a high rate of efficiency and the handling of the pulverized products is quite easy. More specifically, even a rubber material of a large dimension can be pulverized conveniently, and if the metal wires constituting the bead portions of tires have been removed in advance, reinforing means, such as fibers, do in fact separate from the vulcanized rubber articles when they are pulverized into fine particles and these reinforcing means retain their fibrous form so as to be easily separable from the other pulverized products by means of a sieving screen or the like, whereupon the pulverized rubber products may be applied to a predetermined use while the fibrous products are easily disposed of by combustion or the like.
  • reinforing means such as fibers
  • An apparatus for practicing this invention effectively comprises a rotor having an egg-shaped cross-section, a casing surrounding the rotor, a drive mechanism for rotating the rotor relative to the casing, and a clearance-changing mechanism adapted to change the clearance formed between the outer periphery of the rotor and the inner wall of the casing as the rotor rotates.
  • the clearance-changing mechanism is effective for imposing upon the packed vulcanized rubber or rubber product frictional forces due to such forces between the rubber material and the rotor and between the rubber material and the casing, and also shearing forces within the interior ofthe rubber material. Furthermore, this mechanism is effective for reducing the power required for pulverization.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-section view of a pulverizing apparatus constructed according to this invention and showing its cooperative components;
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation view, partly in section, of the apparatus shown in FIG. I;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section view of another embodiment of a pulverizing apparatus constructed according to this invention and showing its cooperative components;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section view of still another embodiment of a pulverizing apparatus constructed according to this invention and showing its cooperative parts, wherein the rotor casing is axially reciprocable',
  • FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 are cross section views taken along the lines IIII, IIIII
  • FIG. 8 is a view similar to that of FIG. 4 illustrating still another embodiment of the present invention wherein wall sections within the rotor casing are radi' ally expansible and contractible;
  • FIGS. 9, l and 11 are cross-section views taken along the lines VV, VI-VI and VIIVII of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-section view illustrating a casing of the present apparatus which includes a clearancechanging mechanism
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 are views similar to that of FIG. 12 illustrating other embodiments of rotor and casing clearancechanging mechanisms
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-section view of a further embodiment of the present invention in which a drive mechanism rotates the rotor casing in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor;
  • FIG. 16 is a view similar to that of FIG. 15 wherein the rotor and rotor casing are eccentrically located relative to one another;
  • FIGS. 17-20 are cross-section views of the apparatus shown in FIG. 16 illustrating the relative positions of the rotor and rotor casing at one-fourth revolution intervals.
  • a substantially ovoid or eggshaped rotor l is rotatably supported within the end walls 3 of a substantially circular casing 2 through means of a bearing 4 whereby a clearance d exists between the rotor and easing due to the fact that the journal portion 5 of rotor l is eccentrically supported relative to the casing 2, the distance between the axes of rotor l and casing 2 being denoted h.
  • the casing 2 is composed of substantially half sections bonded together, one sectional member 2' being supported upon a base 6 by means of legs 7 and including a vertically extending chute or hopper 8 for the deposition of material to be pulverized.
  • the other sectional member 2" is hinged to the first sectional member 2' and is so constructed that it can be opened by means of piston and cylinder devices 9 also supported upon base 6.
  • a ram 10 is reciprocably mounted within the chute 8 so as to press a material M to be pulverized into the casing 2, whereby the pulverized product may be withdrawn from another chute 11 disposed below casing 2.
  • FIG. 3 another embodiment of the present invention is disclosed in which two ovoid rotors 22 are employed, the substantially circular rotor cas ings 21 being connected together at a plane located equidistantly from each of the rotor axes.
  • a material M to be pulverized is introduced through a vertically extending chute or hopper 8 centrally disposed atop the casings 21 under the influence of a press ram 10 mov able within chute 8 and the pulverized product is with drawn from a lid member 23 which is disposed within a lower central portion of the casings, and which is ro tatable in the direction indicated by the arrow about a fulcrum shaft 24.
  • Rotors 22 are angularly positioned within the casings 21 such that a phase difference of exists therebetween, the journal portions of the rotors being supported within the end walls of the casings in a manner similar to that of FIG. 1, and they are rotated in opposite directions through means of a syn-- chronizing device, not shown, such as for example, appropriate gearing, the chain lines 26 generally indicating the locus attained by the rotors relative to the cas ings as the rotors are rotated.
  • fine holes 27 are employed within the lid member 23, such holes render lid 23 a sieve whereby the pulverization process can be conducted in a continuous manner.
  • a vulcanized rubber article As is seen from the foregoing, according to this invention, a vulcanized rubber article. pulverization of which has heretofore been very difficult or relatively and economically impossible according to conventional techniques, can easily be pulverized into fine particles at a high rate of efficiency. In view of the ex pected increase in use of articles of vulcanized rubber, this invention can be said to make great contributions to the art.
  • a clearance-changing mechanism which comprises a casing having a conical inner wall portion and a rotor disposed within the casing whereby further means are employed to axially reciprocate the casing relative to the rotor, the clearance between the rotor and the conical wall portion thereby being adjusted as desired.
  • a rotor shaft 201 provided with a feed screw portion 202 and a grinding rotor blade portion 203 is disposed within a longitudinal, horzontally disposed casing 204 having a vertically extending material inlet 205 at one end and a radially extending outlet 206 at the other end.
  • a base 207 supports a driving gear 208 which is actuated by means of a motor, not shown, so as to in turn drive the rotor shaft 201 through several reduction gears.
  • the inner wall of the grinding chamber 212, as well as the rotor blade 203 is formed so as to have a tapered configuration so that the chipped clearance L between the chamber and blade at the inlet portion is greater than the chipped clearance L between the chamber and blade at the outlet portion.
  • a radial protrusion 213 is provided upon the exterior portion of the casing 204 so as to be interengaged with one end of a piston rod of a hydraulic piston and cylinder device 214 mounted upon base 207 whereby the casing 204 may be reciprocably moved in the horizontal direction by appropriate operation of device 214 so as to thereby adjust the chipped clearance within the grinding chamber in order to satisfy the requirement of L L
  • a safety valve 215 may be mounted within the hydraulic circuit associated with the hydraulic device 214 so as to compensate for any overload brought about by the incorporation of different matter or the like.
  • the material is coarsely ground within the inlet portion of the grinding chamber 212 whereby the resulting particles are of a relatively large size corresponding to the chipped clearance L at the initial stage, and as the material moves toward the outlet end of the casing, it is gradually ground to a size which corresponds to the chipped clearance L
  • the material is ground into particles having a diameter corresponding to the chipped clearance L adjacent to the outlet portion 206 of the grinding chamber 212 whereby the same may be recovered from the outlet 206 in the form of a finely divided product having a predetermined size.
  • the chipped clearances are changed and the particle size of the ground product can consequently be adjusted as may be desired. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a ground product having a desired particle size. It will be further appreciated that as the chipped clearance at the inlet portion is greater than the chipped clearance at the outlet portion, the load imposed upon the rotor shaft at the initial stage of grinding can be diminished due to the fact that the material is not ground to a desired size within one step of the process, but on the contrary, such is gradually and successively ground to a smaller size along the entire length of the rotor blade.
  • the grinding operation can be conducted uniformly throughout the entire apparatus and the grinding efficiency increased while the occurrence of local abrasion or heat generation prevented, the result being that a rubber material can be ground to a prescribed size smoothly and easily at a relatively low expense of power with a substantial decrease in the possibility of encountering mechanical disorders in the apparatus.
  • the limitation upon the amount or size of the charged rubber material is effectively obviated for even when material ofa relatively large size is charged into the apparatus, it can be gradually ground to a smaller size due to the gradual decrease in the chipped clearance and finally to a finely divided product of a prescribed size with the sole use of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • a grinding apparatus especially suitable for grinding a highly elastic vulcanized rubber or vulcanized rubber product, the grinding operation being effectively independent of the size of the charged material.
  • the apparatus of this embodiment includes a base 301, a substantially cylindrical horizontally disposed rotor casing 304 provided with a vertically extending inlet 302 at one end for feeding rubber material into the casing and a vertical, radially extending outlet 303 at the other end for discharging a ground product and a rotor shaft 307 longitudinally disposed within casing 304 having a feed screw portion 305 adjacent the casing inlet and an ovoid grinding rotor portion 306 adjacent the outlet, a driving motor, not shown, and reduction gearing 308 being additionally provided to impart rotary motion to the shaft.
  • the motor and gearing 308 are mounted upon the base 301 and serve to rotate another shaft 311 through means of an intermediate gear 309 and a small gear 310 associated with shaft 311.
  • the apparatus is so constructed that the grinding chamber 317 in which grinding rotor 306 is disposed may be radially enlarged and contracted by means of the rotation of rotary shaft 311.
  • Casing 304 of course also comprises a feed screw chamber 316 which houses the feed screw portion 305 and the casing 304 is appropriately supported upon base 301.
  • the ends of the rotor shaft 307 are rotatably mounted within bearings 314 and 314', and 315 and 315, respectively provided within a bearing stand 312 and a gear box 313, the latter serving to also house the gearing 308, a thrust load generated at the feed screw portion 305 being compensated for by means of the thrust bearing 315.
  • the particular construction ofthe grinding chamber 317 is illustrated, the interior portion of the casing 304 corresponding to the grinding chamber 317 being so formed as to have a square cross-section while a plurality of pivotable wall sections are disposed within the square casing section.
  • the pivotable wall sections are serially arranged in three groups, each group having four wall sections, such as, for example, 318a-318d, 3190-319d, and 320a-320d.
  • each wall section conforms to the respective squared interior portion of the casing 304 while the interior portions of the wall sections are arch-shaped whereby chipped clearances L L and L are respectively formed between the outer periphery ofthe grinding rotor blade 306 and the arch-like inner faces 321a'321d, 322a-322d, and 3230-323d.
  • Each of the side wall sections are respectively interlocked with pinions 3240-324d, 325a325d, and 3260-326d rotatably supported within casing 304 through means of eccentric shafts 327a327d, 3280-32811, and 329a-329d which support the pinions, connecting links 330a-330d, 3310-3314, and 332a-332d, and pins 3330-333d, 334a-334d, and 335a-335d which support the wall sections.
  • the pinions are respectively engaged with teeth 339, 340 and 341 disposed upon the interior surfaces of ring gears 336, 337, and 338 which are rotatably supported upon the outer periphery of the casing 304.
  • Gears 345, 346, and 347 fixed to the rotary shaft 311 respectively engage teeth 342, 343 and 344 disposed upon the exterior surfaces of the ring gears 336, 337 and 338, and when the pinions are rotated through rotation of shaft 311, gears 345, 346 and 347, and ring gears 336, 337 and 338, all of the eccentric shafts 327a327a', 3280-32811, and 329a-329d cause a crank movement to be imparted to the side wall sections at a stroke equal to twice the eccentric radius, whereby the chambers defined by the side wall sections may be continuously expanded or contracted.
  • the rotary shaft 311 is rotated coincidentally with the rotor shaft 307 and due to the rotation of the rotary shaft 311, the side walls 318a-318d, 319a319d, and 320a-320d are actuated through means of the above-mentioned gears, ring gears, pinions and links, whereby the arch-like inner surfaces 321a321d, 322a-322d, and 323a-323d ofthe side walls are in turn actuated so as to repeatedly expand and contract the chambers in a radial direction relative to the grinding rotor blade 306 whereupon a crushing operation is accomplished between the grind ing rotor blade 306 and the arch-like inner surfaces of the side walls.
  • the material fed to the grinding chamber undergoes crushing, cutting and shearing forces within the grinding chamber 317 and is gradually ground to a size corresponding to the final predetermined chipped clearance.
  • the lengths of the links may be predetermined such that the inner diameter of the grinding chamber defined by the side wall sections of the group upon the outlet side when the same are expanded is equal to the inner diameter ofthe grinding chamber defined by the side wall sections of the group upon the inlet side when the same are contracted, and the eccentric phases of the pinions may be so set that the side wall sections of the two adjacent groups move in directions opposite to each other.
  • the side wall sections of the two adjacent groups attain the same diameter and therefore, the rubber material is transported smoothly without stagnation and as it is finely ground, it is gradually forwarded toward the outlet by means of leads mounted upon the rotor blade.
  • the grinding operation can be accomplished very smoothly if the chipped clearance between the side wall sections of the group nearest to the outlet and the rotor blade is predetermined according to the desired size of the ground particles and the length of the links of each of the other groups of wall sections is determined by adding the radial distance through which each of the wall sections of the group adjoining the group nearest to the outlet moves to the inner diameter of the wall of such adjoining group.
  • the present invention makes it possible to repeat crushing, cutting and shearing operations by utilizing only one apparatus and therefore, according to this invention the grinding can be accomplished very effectively. Furthermore, since the walls of the grinding chamber are periodically expanded and contracted, stagnation of the rubber material between the rotor blade and the walls defining the grinding chamber can be completely prevented, with the result that the occurrence of local abrasion or heat generation is not brought about and no excessive load is imposed upon the rotor shaft. Accordingly, even a vulcanized rubber or rubber product having a high degree of elasticity can be smoothly and eas' ily ground at a high rate of efficiency for a short time in the apparatus of this invention.
  • FIGS. l220 there are disclosed several aspects or features of the present invention wherein a clearance-changing mechanism is provided such that the clearance between the outer periphery of the rotor and the inner walls of the casing may be altered one or more times during one rotation of the rotor.
  • an apparatus for grinding vulcanized rubber, vulcanized rubber products and the like whrein a movable casing portion encompasses only the grinding rotor blade portion of the rotor shaft so as to define a grinding chamber which is rotatably supported independently of the other fixed casing portion surrounding the feed screw whereby the shaft and the movable casing are rotated in such a relationship that the chipped clearance formed within the grinding chamber is thereby changed and consequently, the rubber material is ground while undergoing crushing, cutting and shearing forces between the rotor shaft and the movable casing.
  • a grinding apparatus as set forth above, wherein a suitable number of concave portions are formed upon the inner wall of the movable casing and the movable casing is rotated at a rotational frequency differing from that of the rotor shaft so as to thereby change the chipped clearance formed therebetween.
  • the movable casing may be eccentrically rotated relative to the rotor shaft whereby the chipped clearance formed therebetween is periodically altered during rotation of the same.
  • the grinding apparatus of this invention is characterized in that the chipped clearance may be altered one or more times during one rotation of the rotor shaft. Means such as is shown in FIGS. 12-14 may be considered to be effective for attaining such alteration of the chipped clearance.
  • one or more concave por tions 414 may be provided within casing portion 413 which houses grinding rotor blade 411 therein and defines grinding chamber 412 therearound. Simultaneously with the rotation of the rotor blade 411, in a given direction, the casing portion 413 is rotated in an opposite direction, and in addition, may be rotated at a speed different from that of rotor 41].
  • the chipped clearance is altered one or more times during one rotation of the rotor blade 4]], the different clearances being designated as L and L as seen in FIG. 12.
  • L and L the different clearances
  • the relative configuration of the crescent-shaped grinding chamber 412 is continuously varied during the rotational cycles and the rubber material therefore also undergoes crushing forces caused by such variation in the grinding chamber volume. Furthermore, the rubber material can move freely within the grinding chamber and it is therefore possible to prevent the occurrence of the undesired phenomenon that the rubber material experiences frictional contact with the wall of the grinding chamber for an extended period oftime whereby the material will remain stationary within the chipped clearance and the grinding chamber, and thus, the grinding can be accomplished at a high rate of efficiency.
  • the concave portions 414 formed upon the inner face of the casing 413 are such as to have a configuration such as is shown at 414' in FIG. 13. More specifically, a shoulder portion 415 is formed adjacent to the concave portion 414' in such a manner that the shoulder 415 cooperates with the rotor blade 41] whereby the rubber material is subjected to a positive cutting action when caught between the head of the rotor blade 411 and the shoulder portion 415, and in addition it also undergoes a rolling force.
  • the movement of the material is enhanced while the grinding efficiency is further improved.
  • the rotational axis O of the rotor blade 41] is eccentrically located relative to the rotation axis 0 of the casing 413 by a distance a and consequently as rotational motion is imparted to the apparatus, the chipped clearance between the rotor blade and casing will be periodically changed and it is possible to attain an effect quite similar to those effects attained by utilizing the foregoing apparatus.
  • the apparatus of this invention comprises a driving member, such as for example, a motor 416 and reduction gearing, a substantially cylindrical casing 418 provided with an inlet 417 for charging rubber material to be ground, and a rotatable casing 413 and a rotor shaft 419 interconnected with the reduction gearing.
  • the rotor shaft 419 extends throughout the fixed and rotatable casings and includes a feed screw 422 disposed within casing 418 and a rotor blade 41] disposed within casing 413.
  • the rotatable casing 413, as well as the rotor shaft are of course rotatably supported within various bearing members, including a forward bearing stand 420, which are in turn supported by means ofa bed 421, while the fixed casing is supported upon an upstanding gearing housing 423.
  • the rotor shaft 419 is driven by means of the motor 416, a first pulley 424 associated with motor 416, a second pulley 426 which is connected to pulley 424 through means of a belt 425, and various gears 427, 428, 429, and 430 disposed within gearing housing 423.
  • a coolant passageway 43] extends axially within the rotor shaft 419 and is supplied with a coolant, such as for example, water, by means of a water supply tube 432, cooling water thus being supplied and discharged to the rotor shaft by means of a rotary joint 433 mounted at the front end of the rotor shaft.
  • a hopper is provided upon the material inlet 417 of the casing 418 for the deposition therein of material to be ground, while the ground rubber material is withdrawn through a radial discharge outlet 445.
  • a gear 434 is fixed to, or integral with a peripheral portion of the movable casing 413, and the movable casing 413 is thus interlocked with gear 428 through means ofa gear 435 engaging gear 434, a shaft 436 associated with gear 435, and gears 437 and 438, gear 438 being co-axial with gear 428.
  • the construction is such that the casing 413 can rotate in a direction opposite to that direction of rotation of the rotor shaft 419.
  • the rotatable casing 413 has concentric portions and interposed therebetween is an annular water jacket 439 for cooling purposes.
  • Supply and discharge of the water to and from the water jacket 439 are accomplished by means of a water supply tube 440 and a water discharge pipe 44] fixed upon bed 421.
  • the water supply tube 440 and water discharge pipe 441 are respectively connected to a radial water supply passage 442 and a radial water discharge passage 443 which are provided at opposite ends of the water jacket 439, such being sealed by means of O-rings or packings 444.
  • the chipped clearance may be altered as the rotor shaft 419 is rotated by adopting any one of the structures illustrated in the FIGS. 1214, whereby crushing forces, as well as cutting and shearing forces, are imposed upon the rubber material, and the intended object of this invention, i.e,, conducting a grinding operation at a high rate of efficiency, can be attained.
  • the chipped clearance is altered by eccentrically locating the axis of rotation 01 of the rotor blade 411 relative to the axis of rotation 02 of the movable casing 413 as illustrated in FIG. 14, an apparatus such as illustrated in FIG. 16 is provided.
  • the configuration of the grinding chamber 412' changes in a man ner optimum to the grinding operation.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates the state from which both the rotor blade 411 and the movable casing 413 are going to rotate, namely the starting positions of the blade 4]] and casing 413.
  • the perigee P is the point at which the rotor blade approaches the inner face of the movable casing 413 at the closest distance, while the apogee P is the position farthest from the inner face of the movable casing 413.
  • FIG. 18 when the rotor blade 41] and the rotatable casing 413 rotate one-fourth of a revolution in directions opposite to each other, contrary to the starting state shown in FIG.
  • the perigee and apogee points P, and P of the rotor blade 411, and points A, B, C and D upon the inner face ofthe moving casing 413 change their relative positions as the same are rotated, as shown in FIGS. [7-20, whereby the points P, and P approach the inner face of the movable casing 413, twice during one rotation, and consequently the chipped clearance is successively changed within a range of L, to L and the above-mentioned effects attained by this invention can be further enhanced.
  • the grinding chambers formed upon both sides of the rotor blade 411 change their configurations both longitudinally and laterally and the move ment thereby imparted to the rubber material can be quite vigorous.
  • the rotational frequency F, of the rotor blade 41 I is different from the rotational frequency F of the movable casing 413, i.e., if the ratio of F F is adjusted to l 1 +3, the points at which P, and P approach the inner face of the movable casing 413 are variable and they are successively deviated from one another in corre spondence to the difference in the rotational frequency between the rotor blade 411 and movable casing 413, whereby the grinding work can be made uniform.
  • the rotor shaft is rotated in a particular manner so that the chipped clearance within the grinding chamber is changed during rotation.
  • the condition of the rubber material is immediately and automatically altered and the rubber material can be acted upon by different forces with the result that stagnation of the rubber material and partial abrasion or heat generation can be effectively prevented, and the rubber material can be positively cut and sheared while reducing the load imposed upon the rotor shaft.
  • the volume of the grinding chamber is altered during rotation, crushing forces are imposed upon the rubber material as well as cutting and shearing forces.
  • An apparatus for pulverizing rubber materials such as vulcanized rubber and rubber products which comprises:
  • a rotor having an egg-shaped cross-section having an egg-shaped cross-section:
  • said clearance-changing means for changing the clearance formed between the outer periphery of said rotor and the inner wall of said casing as said rotor rotates, said clearance-changing means includes an inner wall of non-circular cross-section disposed within said casing.
  • said drive means further comprises a mechanism for rotating said casing in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said rotor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
US34687173 1972-08-14 1973-04-02 Apparatus for pulverizing vulcanized rubber and rubber products Expired - Lifetime US3889889A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8128672A JPS4937251A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-08-14 1972-08-14
JP8128772A JPS5325970B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-08-14 1972-08-14
JP8475372A JPS522739B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-08-23 1972-08-23

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US3889889A true US3889889A (en) 1975-06-17

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US (1) US3889889A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA976135A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH560592A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2315587B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2196242B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1424768A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT981811B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE399387B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2661110C2 (en) * 1976-10-13 1993-04-29 Trw Repa Gmbh, 7077 Alfdorf, De Seat belt locking reel locking mechanism
DE4213607A1 (de) * 1992-04-25 1993-11-04 Troester Maschf Paul Vorrichtung zum pulverisieren von gummibrocken
US5373999A (en) * 1993-02-08 1994-12-20 Tokuju Corporation Grinding and mixing device
US5395055A (en) * 1992-11-03 1995-03-07 Illinois Institute Of Technology Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
US5397065A (en) * 1992-11-03 1995-03-14 Illinois Institute Of Technology Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
US5415354A (en) * 1992-11-03 1995-05-16 Illinois Institute Of Technology Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
US5704555A (en) * 1993-08-02 1998-01-06 Illinois Institute Of Technology Single-screw extruder for solid state shear extrusion pulverization and method
US5743471A (en) * 1993-08-02 1998-04-28 Illinois Institute Of Technology Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
US5814673A (en) * 1993-12-07 1998-09-29 Northwestern University Reconstituted polymeric materials derived from post-consumer waste, industrial scrap and virgin resins made by solid state pulverization
US6479003B1 (en) 1998-11-18 2002-11-12 Northwestern University Processes of mixing, compatibilizing, and/or recylcing blends of polymer materials through solid state shear pulverization, and products by such processes
US6494390B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2002-12-17 Northwestern University Solid state shear pulverization of multicomponent polymeric waste
US6632918B1 (en) 1999-06-08 2003-10-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Method of reclaiming crosslinked rubber
US6818173B1 (en) 2000-08-10 2004-11-16 Northwestern University Polymeric blends formed by solid state shear pulverization and having improved melt flow properties
US20090178337A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2009-07-16 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Grate for high temperature gasification systems
US20110056133A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2011-03-10 Jeffrey E Surma Combined gasification and vitrification system
CN102513194A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2012-06-27 山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司 橡胶破碎机
ITTV20110031A1 (it) * 2011-03-02 2012-09-03 Graneco Rubber S R L Processo e macchina per produrre materiale sciolto da intaso
US9206364B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2015-12-08 Inentec Inc. Gasification system
US9222039B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2015-12-29 Inentec Inc. Grate for high temperature gasification systems
CN105750044A (zh) * 2016-05-10 2016-07-13 湛江市伟达机械实业有限公司 一种螺旋粉碎机
WO2017151658A1 (en) * 2016-03-01 2017-09-08 Enagon Wave Technology, Llc Pressure interference wave mill

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GB8334482D0 (en) * 1983-12-24 1984-02-01 Mmd Design & Consult Mineral breakers
US4607796A (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-08-26 Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie "Norplast" Method of making powder from rubber and vulcanization products
DE3444541A1 (de) * 1984-12-06 1986-06-19 Institut chimičeskoj fiziki Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moskau/Moskva Verfahren zur herstellung von pulver aus kautschuk und dessen vulkanisierungsprodukten
SU1431212A1 (ru) * 1987-01-15 1990-12-30 Опытно-Экспериментальный Завод Полимерных Изделий Способ измельчени эластомеров
DE4128630C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1991-08-29 1992-07-23 Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover, De
DE4213608C2 (de) * 1992-04-25 1995-04-20 Troester Maschf Paul Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Gummibrocken
DE4230572A1 (de) * 1992-09-12 1994-03-17 Krupp Maschinentechnik Polymerwerkstoffwiederverwertung
DE4232014A1 (de) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Bayer Ag Verfahren zum Zerkleinern von Kunststoffen
CA2102257C (en) * 1992-11-03 1998-11-10 Fyodor Shutov Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
DE4310689C1 (de) * 1993-04-01 1994-11-17 Stefan Ficker Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung mit metallischen Materialien und/oder Gewebefäden bewehrten Gummi- und/oder Kunststoffstücken
DE19949706A1 (de) * 1999-10-15 2001-04-19 Ralf Hoffmann Schneidmühle
RU2167057C1 (ru) * 2000-08-23 2001-05-20 Андреева Елена Вадимовна Устройство для переработки отходов полимерных материалов
WO2004050320A1 (en) 2002-12-02 2004-06-17 Pirelli & C. S.P.A. Extrusion pulverization process of a vulcanized rubber material
CN104353529B (zh) * 2014-11-28 2016-08-10 合肥工业大学 一种城市生活垃圾破碎机
DE102016123543A1 (de) * 2016-12-06 2018-06-07 Jan Ritter Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Werkstoffen
CN109203301A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2019-01-15 安徽五狼神橡胶制品有限公司 一种橡胶制品加工用废料回收设备
CN108993641B (zh) * 2018-07-26 2022-01-28 苗林 一种适用于工程施工中的粉碎装置
CN112140399A (zh) * 2020-10-04 2020-12-29 衡东县祥云塑料有限责任公司 一种塑料加工用碎料装置

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US3680799A (en) * 1969-09-25 1972-08-01 Trelleborgs Gummifabriks Ab Linings for rotary mills

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US760010A (en) * 1903-05-29 1904-05-17 James H Montgomery Stamping-mill.
US1428687A (en) * 1921-04-30 1922-09-12 Ferencz Jose Tube mill
US1762368A (en) * 1928-09-08 1930-06-10 Nat Erie Company Extrusion apparatus
US2466443A (en) * 1944-06-19 1949-04-05 Geneva Processes Inc Apparatus for producing finely divided particles
US3664592A (en) * 1968-09-03 1972-05-23 Luitpold Schweigert Machine for granulating bulk rubbish or bulky refuse of any kind
US3680799A (en) * 1969-09-25 1972-08-01 Trelleborgs Gummifabriks Ab Linings for rotary mills

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2661110C2 (en) * 1976-10-13 1993-04-29 Trw Repa Gmbh, 7077 Alfdorf, De Seat belt locking reel locking mechanism
DE4213607A1 (de) * 1992-04-25 1993-11-04 Troester Maschf Paul Vorrichtung zum pulverisieren von gummibrocken
US5395055A (en) * 1992-11-03 1995-03-07 Illinois Institute Of Technology Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
US5397065A (en) * 1992-11-03 1995-03-14 Illinois Institute Of Technology Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
US5415354A (en) * 1992-11-03 1995-05-16 Illinois Institute Of Technology Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
US5373999A (en) * 1993-02-08 1994-12-20 Tokuju Corporation Grinding and mixing device
US5704555A (en) * 1993-08-02 1998-01-06 Illinois Institute Of Technology Single-screw extruder for solid state shear extrusion pulverization and method
US5743471A (en) * 1993-08-02 1998-04-28 Illinois Institute Of Technology Solid state shear extrusion pulverization
US5814673A (en) * 1993-12-07 1998-09-29 Northwestern University Reconstituted polymeric materials derived from post-consumer waste, industrial scrap and virgin resins made by solid state pulverization
US6180685B1 (en) 1993-12-07 2001-01-30 Northwestern University Reconstituted polymeric materials derived from post-consumer waste, industrial scrap and virgin resins made by solid state shear pulverization
US6479003B1 (en) 1998-11-18 2002-11-12 Northwestern University Processes of mixing, compatibilizing, and/or recylcing blends of polymer materials through solid state shear pulverization, and products by such processes
US20030230824A1 (en) * 1998-11-18 2003-12-18 Naomi Furgiuele Processes of mixing, compatibilizing, and/or recycling blends of polymer materials through solid state shear pulverization, and products by such processes
US6797216B2 (en) * 1998-11-18 2004-09-28 Northwestern University Processes of mixing, compatibilizing, and/or recycling blends of polymer materials through solid state shear pulverization, and products by such processes
US6632918B1 (en) 1999-06-08 2003-10-14 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho Method of reclaiming crosslinked rubber
EP1201390A4 (en) * 1999-06-08 2004-09-01 Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk PROCESS FOR RECOVERY OF CROSSLINKED RUBBER
US6494390B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2002-12-17 Northwestern University Solid state shear pulverization of multicomponent polymeric waste
US6818173B1 (en) 2000-08-10 2004-11-16 Northwestern University Polymeric blends formed by solid state shear pulverization and having improved melt flow properties
US9222041B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2015-12-29 Inentec Inc. Combined gasification and vitrification system
US9206364B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2015-12-08 Inentec Inc. Gasification system
US10927028B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2021-02-23 InEnTec, Inc. Combined gasification and vitrification system
US9994474B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2018-06-12 InEnTec, Inc. Combined gasification and vitrification system
US20110056133A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2011-03-10 Jeffrey E Surma Combined gasification and vitrification system
US9914890B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2018-03-13 InEnTec, Inc. Gasification system
US8685121B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2014-04-01 Inentec Inc. Combined gasification and vitrification system
US8118891B2 (en) * 2008-01-14 2012-02-21 InEn Tec, LLC Grate for high temperature gasification systems
US9222039B2 (en) 2008-01-14 2015-12-29 Inentec Inc. Grate for high temperature gasification systems
US20090178337A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2009-07-16 Integrated Environmental Technologies, Llc Grate for high temperature gasification systems
ITTV20110031A1 (it) * 2011-03-02 2012-09-03 Graneco Rubber S R L Processo e macchina per produrre materiale sciolto da intaso
WO2012117358A1 (en) * 2011-03-02 2012-09-07 Graneco Rubber S.R.L. Process to produce loose infill material
CN102513194A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2012-06-27 山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司 橡胶破碎机
WO2017151658A1 (en) * 2016-03-01 2017-09-08 Enagon Wave Technology, Llc Pressure interference wave mill
CN105750044A (zh) * 2016-05-10 2016-07-13 湛江市伟达机械实业有限公司 一种螺旋粉碎机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2315587B2 (de) 1975-04-10
DE2315587A1 (de) 1974-03-07
DE2315587C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-11-20
GB1424768A (en) 1976-02-11
SE399387B (sv) 1978-02-13
FR2196242A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-15
CH560592A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-04-15
FR2196242B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-07-23
IT981811B (it) 1974-10-10
CA976135A (en) 1975-10-14

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