US3886992A - Method of treating metal melts with a purging gas during the process of continuous casting - Google Patents

Method of treating metal melts with a purging gas during the process of continuous casting Download PDF

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Publication number
US3886992A
US3886992A US257421A US25742172A US3886992A US 3886992 A US3886992 A US 3886992A US 257421 A US257421 A US 257421A US 25742172 A US25742172 A US 25742172A US 3886992 A US3886992 A US 3886992A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
metal
melt
teeming
gas
continuous casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US257421A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hermann Maas
Horst Abratis
Claus Raeune
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Concast AG
ThyssenKrupp Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Rheinstahl Huettenwerke AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Rheinstahl Huettenwerke AG filed Critical Rheinstahl Huettenwerke AG
Priority to US05/499,910 priority Critical patent/US3954134A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3886992A publication Critical patent/US3886992A/en
Assigned to THYSSEN INDUSTRIE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment THYSSEN INDUSTRIE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RHEINSTAHL HULLENWRKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
Assigned to CONCAST AG reassignment CONCAST AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: THYSSEN INDUSTRIE AG
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
    • C21C7/0043—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material into the falling stream of molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0068—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by introducing material into a current of streaming metal

Definitions

  • a method of treating the metal with a purging gas during continuous casting in a tundish fitted with a pouring pipe has been disclosed in German petty Pat. No. 7,023,173.
  • the arrangement disclosed in such patent which consists of a blowing orifice in the bottom of the tundish in the vicinity of the pouring nozzle has a very modest purifying effect, since the depth of the bath in a tundish is only about 30 to 40 cms. and therefore offers only a short path for the passage of the gas through the steel melt.
  • the purifying effect regarding the purging of undesirable gaseous constituents in the melt and the removal of non-metallic occlusions or inclusions is very slight.
  • the steel may pick up fresh oxidic impurities.
  • the maintenance and insertion of porous purging bricks in the tundish is time-consuming and expensive.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,005.31 1 describes the passage of major volumes of gas through the stopper rod ofa ladle for the purpose of cooling same. This arrangement also has no purifying effect.
  • Another object of the invention is to bring about a satisfactory dissolution and even distribution of any deoxidants and/or alloying elements that may be also introduced into the melt.
  • another object of the invention is to reduce the frequency of transverse cracking by controlling the pattern of flow in the casting head and, when aluminium-containing steels are cast to prevent the pouring pipes from being choked.
  • the proposed method of introducing the gas into the center of the teeming jet as the jet forms, in conjunction with the injector-like action of the teeming metal, results in the gas being divided into a multiplicity of very small bubbles having diameters not exceeding about 5 mm. which provide an intimate mixture between gas and steel.
  • the injector effect also assists in keeping the gas exit opening clear.
  • the proposed method produces continuous castings which are substantially free from surface occlusions or inclusions. Moreover, macroscopic purity is greatly improved. The small bubbles are particularly good for picking up oxidic impurities.
  • the gas at the point where the teeming jet is in the course of formation they are forced to travel a long way through the liquid steel and the probability of collisions between gas bubbles and oxide impurities and the resultant purifying effects are thus greatly improved.
  • the slow ascent of the gas bubbles in the pool they readily take-up the non-metallic occlusions or inclusions and convey them to the slag on the surface of the liquid pool.
  • the small gas volume has the further advantage that the surface of the pool is not violently agitated and that there is avoided contamination of the casting by particles of slag from the floating slag cover.
  • the small bubbles affect the pattern of flow in the mold in the direction of reducing descending components of flow.
  • the small bubbles are carried into the critical surface zones where theyfloat upwards in the descending steel and thus purge this zone of the casting which is particularly liable to exhibit faults.
  • the lift imparted to the descending metal at the solidification boundary by the rising bubbles affects metal flow and enables the impurities to float up, so that the probability of impurities being intercepted by the surface zones is greatly diminished.
  • the proposed method When casting aluminium-containing slabs the proposed method also operates to prevent the flow orifice from being choked.
  • the provision of the teeming jet with gas bubbles also leads to a reduction of the velocity of flow towards the narrow sides of the section. The thermal stressing of this zone which is particularly liable to develop cracks is thus re Jerusalem and the occurrence of transverse cracks can be reduced.
  • the velocity of flow is by no means constant but is subject to fluctuations even disregarding the slower pouring rate when starting.
  • the velocity is adjusted by the position of a closure means in the pouring vessel or in the tundish.
  • the invention proposes to introduce the deoxidants and/or alloying elements continuously at rates corresponding to the existing pouring rate.
  • the invention proposes to introduce the deoxidants and/or alloying elements at progressively increasing rates as casting continues.
  • a pouring vessel which contains a closure means below which a pouring pipe extends to below the surface of the pool in the mold, and in which these means in their interior cntain a longitudinal conduit which has its bottom end in the region where the metal begins to form a teeming jet, whereas at its upper end it is provided with one or more supply means.
  • the closure means may comprise a stopper rod fitted with a cone or ball head. The purging gases as well as alloying elements, if these are to be added, in such case are introduced from a supply at the top into the stopper rod and issue from the exit end of the conduit at the ceramic head of the rod.
  • the exit opening for the gas should have a cross-section of between 0.2 and 7 sq.mm.
  • a uniform introduction of alloying elements and deoxidants can be achieved if at the upper end of the conduit there is provided, besides the supply means for the gas, a second supply means comprising a wire roll, drive means and a funnel for guiding the wire into the conduit.
  • the drive means permits the wire to be introduced into the steel at the exit end of the conduit, either at a constant or a controlled rate, the end of the wire being melted as it makes contact with the flowing steel and being thus uniformly distributed in the steel.
  • the introduction of the alloying element can be at a constant rate. Since the entry funnel embraces the wire without much clearance blow-by through the wire supply funnel of a purging gas that is being introduced is avoided.
  • Purging gases which have proved to be particularly satisfactory include the noble gases, e.g. argon.
  • the volumetric rate of gas introduction should be between 3 litres (S.T.P.) and 18 litres (S.T.P.) per minute.
  • the volume of gas introduced matches the pouring rate.
  • the ratio of the volume of the poured steel to the volume of the argon gas introduced is between 40 l and 10 1.
  • the invention proposes to incorporate a regulating valve in the gas supply and to control the valve according to the position of the stopper rod.
  • a conventional needle valve would be an appropriate control valve for this purpose.
  • the teeming metal 18 is protected from the ambient atmosphere by being enclosed in a pouring pipe or tube 15 which extends to below the surface 16 of the pool of metal in a continuous casting mold 17.
  • the surface of the pool 16 is covered with slag 19.
  • a suitable device 1 which in the illustrated embodiment is a stopper rod, a small volume of purging gas is introduced at the rate of 10 litres (S.T. P.) per minute when teeming begins out of the pool 11.
  • the gas is admitted from a gas supply 6 which may incorporate aregulating valve 6a of conventional design, and thus only schematically depicted,and controlled with reference to the position of the stopper rod 1 by means of a suitable control mechanism 20.
  • the ratio of the teemed volume of steel to the volume of gas i.e. argon introduced is 20 1.
  • the stopper rod 1 contains a conduit 2 extending axially along its length and ending at location or exit opening 3 in the sealing cone 4 centrally outside the seating surface 5 in the region where the metal enters the pouring pipe.
  • the diameter of the exit opening 3 is between about 0.5 and 3 mm. For example, a diameter of 1 mm. for a pouring rate of 1.3 tons/minute has proved to be most advantageous.
  • the steel 11 which is covered by a protective layer of slag 10 in the tundish 9 flows past the exit of the conduit 2 and entrains the purging gas, such as argon, in the form of small bubbles l3 and simultaneously melts away the end of wire 14 which may be drawn from the supply roll 7 and fed down the conduit 2 by standard drive means 21, such as a speed-controlled electric motor, the speed of which may be controlled by the control mechanism 20 as a function of the position of the stopper rod 1.
  • the steel 1 l, the bubbles of argon l3 and the dissolved alloying wire 14 travel down the pouring pipe 15 with the exclusion of air to a point below the surface of the metal pool 16 in the mold 17.
  • the gas bubbles 13 rise in the mold 17 and precipitate non-metallic occlusions in the covering slag layer 19.
  • the closure may have the form of a sliding gate nozzle.
  • the means 1 above the sliding gate would be a lance instead of a stopper rod.
  • a method of treating metal melts during continuous casting for suppressing the formation of undesirable oxidic non-metallic inclusions comprising the steps of enclosing the teeming metal to a point below the surface of the metal pool in a continuous casting mold to avoid contact with the ambient atmosphere, covering the surface of the pool with a layer of slag, and introducing small volumes of purging gas in bubble form into the metal melt at the location where such metal melt begins to form a teeming jet, so that the injector-like action of the melt divides the gas into a multiplicity of very small bubbles which are carried into the mold by the melt.
  • a method of treating metal melts during continuous casting in order to reduce the formation of undesirable oxidic accumulations comprising the steps of confining the teeming metal so as to avoid contact with the ambient atmosphere to a location below the surface of the metal pool in a continuous casting mold, and introducing small volumes of purging gas in bubble form into the metal melt approximately at the location where the metal melt begins to form a teeming jet, so that the injector-like action of the melt divides the gas into a multiplicity of very small bubbles which are carried into the mold by the melt.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US257421A 1971-03-28 1972-05-26 Method of treating metal melts with a purging gas during the process of continuous casting Expired - Lifetime US3886992A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/499,910 US3954134A (en) 1971-03-28 1974-08-23 Apparatus for treating metal melts with a purging gas during continuous casting

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2126606 1971-05-28

Related Child Applications (1)

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US (1) US3886992A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5426493B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATA459672A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU463496B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE784022A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA956078A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2139992B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1400556A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT955930B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA723617B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (54)

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US3935895A (en) * 1973-06-14 1976-02-03 Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft Continuous steel casting method
US3964535A (en) * 1975-02-20 1976-06-22 Allied Chemical Corporation Stopper rod tapping assembly and filament forming process
US4006772A (en) * 1973-06-22 1977-02-08 Concast Ag Method and apparatus for casting steel into a continuous casting mold
US4042007A (en) * 1975-04-22 1977-08-16 Republic Steel Corporation Continuous casting of metal using electromagnetic stirring
DE2609065A1 (de) * 1976-03-05 1977-09-15 Arbed Verfahren zur qualitativen verbesserung von stranggussmaterial aus beruhigten stahlqualitaeten
US4064925A (en) * 1975-02-25 1977-12-27 Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft Continuous casting method and apparatus
US4169584A (en) * 1977-07-18 1979-10-02 The Carborundum Company Gas injection apparatus
US4367784A (en) * 1977-04-18 1983-01-11 Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A. Method for adding cooling powders to steel during continuous casting
US4481032A (en) * 1983-08-12 1984-11-06 Pfizer Inc. Process for adding calcium to a bath of molten ferrous material
US4520861A (en) * 1983-11-18 1985-06-04 Republic Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for alloying continuously cast steel products
US5662725A (en) * 1995-05-12 1997-09-02 Cooper; Paul V. System and device for removing impurities from molten metal
US5944496A (en) * 1996-12-03 1999-08-31 Cooper; Paul V. Molten metal pump with a flexible coupling and cement-free metal-transfer conduit connection
US5951243A (en) * 1997-07-03 1999-09-14 Cooper; Paul V. Rotor bearing system for molten metal pumps
US6027685A (en) * 1997-10-15 2000-02-22 Cooper; Paul V. Flow-directing device for molten metal pump
US6303074B1 (en) 1999-05-14 2001-10-16 Paul V. Cooper Mixed flow rotor for molten metal pumping device
US6398525B1 (en) 1998-08-11 2002-06-04 Paul V. Cooper Monolithic rotor and rigid coupling
US6689310B1 (en) 2000-05-12 2004-02-10 Paul V. Cooper Molten metal degassing device and impellers therefor
US6723276B1 (en) 2000-08-28 2004-04-20 Paul V. Cooper Scrap melter and impeller
US20060180962A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-08-17 Thut Bruno H Gas mixing and dispersement in pumps for pumping molten metal
US7402276B2 (en) 2003-07-14 2008-07-22 Cooper Paul V Pump with rotating inlet
US20080236336A1 (en) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Thut Bruno H Flux injection with pump for pumping molten metal
US7470392B2 (en) 2003-07-14 2008-12-30 Cooper Paul V Molten metal pump components
US7507367B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2009-03-24 Cooper Paul V Protective coatings for molten metal devices
US7731891B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2010-06-08 Cooper Paul V Couplings for molten metal devices
US7906068B2 (en) 2003-07-14 2011-03-15 Cooper Paul V Support post system for molten metal pump
US8178037B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2012-05-15 Cooper Paul V System for releasing gas into molten metal
US8337746B2 (en) 2007-06-21 2012-12-25 Cooper Paul V Transferring molten metal from one structure to another
US8361379B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2013-01-29 Cooper Paul V Gas transfer foot
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US8524146B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2013-09-03 Paul V. Cooper Rotary degassers and components therefor
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US8714914B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2014-05-06 Paul V. Cooper Molten metal pump filter
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US9011761B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2015-04-21 Paul V. Cooper Ladle with transfer conduit
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US9156087B2 (en) 2007-06-21 2015-10-13 Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc Molten metal transfer system and rotor
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US3991810A (en) 1974-07-15 1976-11-16 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Method and apparatus for introducing additives into a casting mold
US4052199A (en) * 1975-07-21 1977-10-04 The Carborundum Company Gas injection method
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US4667715A (en) * 1985-12-06 1987-05-26 Inland Steel Company Method for controlling uniformity of alloy content in continuously cast steel
CH680270A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1990-01-05 1992-07-31 Fischer Ag Georg
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RU2443504C2 (ru) * 2010-04-08 2012-02-27 Открытое акционерное общество Акционерная холдинговая компания "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт металлургического машиностроения имени академика Целикова" (ОАО АХК "ВНИИМЕТМАШ") Способ производства металлической полосы

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US3514285A (en) * 1963-10-15 1970-05-26 Tno Method for feeding additive materials into a stream of molten metals
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Cited By (131)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3935895A (en) * 1973-06-14 1976-02-03 Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft Continuous steel casting method
US4006772A (en) * 1973-06-22 1977-02-08 Concast Ag Method and apparatus for casting steel into a continuous casting mold
US3964535A (en) * 1975-02-20 1976-06-22 Allied Chemical Corporation Stopper rod tapping assembly and filament forming process
US4064925A (en) * 1975-02-25 1977-12-27 Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft Continuous casting method and apparatus
US4042007A (en) * 1975-04-22 1977-08-16 Republic Steel Corporation Continuous casting of metal using electromagnetic stirring
DE2609065A1 (de) * 1976-03-05 1977-09-15 Arbed Verfahren zur qualitativen verbesserung von stranggussmaterial aus beruhigten stahlqualitaeten
US4367784A (en) * 1977-04-18 1983-01-11 Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A. Method for adding cooling powders to steel during continuous casting
US4169584A (en) * 1977-07-18 1979-10-02 The Carborundum Company Gas injection apparatus
US4481032A (en) * 1983-08-12 1984-11-06 Pfizer Inc. Process for adding calcium to a bath of molten ferrous material
US4520861A (en) * 1983-11-18 1985-06-04 Republic Steel Corporation Method and apparatus for alloying continuously cast steel products
US5662725A (en) * 1995-05-12 1997-09-02 Cooper; Paul V. System and device for removing impurities from molten metal
US5944496A (en) * 1996-12-03 1999-08-31 Cooper; Paul V. Molten metal pump with a flexible coupling and cement-free metal-transfer conduit connection
US6345964B1 (en) 1996-12-03 2002-02-12 Paul V. Cooper Molten metal pump with metal-transfer conduit molten metal pump
US5951243A (en) * 1997-07-03 1999-09-14 Cooper; Paul V. Rotor bearing system for molten metal pumps
US6027685A (en) * 1997-10-15 2000-02-22 Cooper; Paul V. Flow-directing device for molten metal pump
US6398525B1 (en) 1998-08-11 2002-06-04 Paul V. Cooper Monolithic rotor and rigid coupling
US6303074B1 (en) 1999-05-14 2001-10-16 Paul V. Cooper Mixed flow rotor for molten metal pumping device
US6689310B1 (en) 2000-05-12 2004-02-10 Paul V. Cooper Molten metal degassing device and impellers therefor
US6723276B1 (en) 2000-08-28 2004-04-20 Paul V. Cooper Scrap melter and impeller
US8440135B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2013-05-14 Paul V. Cooper System for releasing gas into molten metal
US8361379B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2013-01-29 Cooper Paul V Gas transfer foot
US8529828B2 (en) 2002-07-12 2013-09-10 Paul V. Cooper Molten metal pump components
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2139992B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-12-23
CA956078A (en) 1974-10-15
AU4281972A (en) 1973-11-29
GB1400556A (en) 1975-07-16
BE784022A (fr) 1972-09-18
FR2139992A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-12
ATA459672A (de) 1976-12-15
IT955930B (it) 1973-09-29
JPS5426493B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-09-04
AU463496B2 (en) 1975-07-31
ZA723617B (en) 1973-03-28

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