US3879077A - Lifting apparatus - Google Patents

Lifting apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3879077A
US3879077A US389558A US38955873A US3879077A US 3879077 A US3879077 A US 3879077A US 389558 A US389558 A US 389558A US 38955873 A US38955873 A US 38955873A US 3879077 A US3879077 A US 3879077A
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United States
Prior art keywords
arm
counterbalance
article
crane
movement
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Expired - Lifetime
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US389558A
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English (en)
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Hermes George Celio
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G19/00—Auxiliary treatment of forms, e.g. dismantling; Cleaning devices
    • E04G19/003—Arrangements for stabilising the forms or for moving the forms from one place to another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/22—Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks
    • B66C1/24—Single members engaging the loads from one side only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F11/00—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the shuttering is usually removed from the level by the use of the Portaform" which comprises two parallel spaced members connected by a web at one end thereof and adapted to be suspended from a crane hook by a device which is capable of maintaining an equilibrium betweenn the respective ends of the Portaform.
  • the Portaform" is placed in position by the crane so that one member is beneath the main supports of the shuttering and the other member is above the shuttering and the ceiling or floor formed thereon.
  • This lifting device is generally defective in that it is not possible to use it in situations where a crane hook cannot be placed above the center of gravity of the article to be lifted.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a lifting apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus of FIG. 1 showing the apparatus in an operational condition
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation of another form of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is another illustration of the apparatus of FIG. 3 showing the functional relationship of some of the components.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are side elevations of another form of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows one form of the invention comprising a first member 6 which is adapted at its upper end 7 to be attached to a crane hook or the like (not shown).
  • the member 6 is elongate in form and adapted to be slidably received in a channel 8 in a second member 9.
  • a tie bar 10 which contains the member 6 within the channel 8.
  • the member 9 is L shaped and the outer end of the right angular portion 11 is adapted to be attached to any one of a number of different types of load bearing attachments such as for example platform 12 (shown in broken lines).
  • the lower outermost corner portion of portion 11 has a trunion block 13 attached which is pivotally connected to a counter balance arm 14 which is connected by intermediate means such as wire rope 15 to the 10 lower end 16 of the member 6.
  • the wire rope 15 may be attached at any convenient point along the length of the arm 14 according to the type of use the apparatus is to be put to.
  • the apparatus In use the apparatus is suspended by 7 from a crane- 15 hook and a load applied to 12. As the crane starts its lift member 6 slides axially from 9 pulling on the cable 15 until the arm 14 reaches an angle at which an equilibrium between the load and the arm 14 is achieved. Continued lifting by the crane will then lift the load which will be maintained in a substantially stable condition.
  • the arm 14 In the no load condition the arm 14 will be at rest at about 5 from vertical. as shown in FIG. 1 while at its complete angularly displaced position (maximum load 25 condition) it will be at about 85 from the vertical.
  • the displacement efficiency of the rope 15 will deteriorate after about 30 movement of the arm 14. For this reason it is preferable that the rope 15 be attached to the end 17 of the arm 14 and a variable ratio attachment fitted.
  • This variable ratio attachment comprises a chariot 18 adapted to move along the arm 14 and comprising frame 19, pulley 20 and guide members 21 and clevis 22 to which one end of a progressive ratio cable 23 is attached.
  • the opposite end of the cable 23 passes through a pulley block 24 at the upper end 25 of the arm 14 and is then attached to the end 16 of member 6.
  • member 6 pulls on cable 15 to lift the arm 14 it also pulls on cable 23 moving the chariot 18 along the arm 14 towards the end 25 thereby changing the leverage point progressively during the establishment of the equilibrium between the counter balance arm and the load.
  • FIG. 2 shows the arm 14 approaching the 55 position during a lift.
  • This high ratio device 26 may comprise a slotted member 27 mounted on a pivot pin 28 which is secured to the end 25 of the arm 14.
  • the member 27 is connected to the end 16 of the member 6 by means of a link or rope 29 so that when the arm 14 reaches the 55 position the bottom of the slot 30 in the member 27 engages the pin 28 to take the weight of the arm 14 and continue to move it toward the position. This action in effect changes the point of leverage on the arm 14 thereby providing a more efficient counter balancing effect.
  • the high ratio lift device may comprise a wire rope, a chain or an articulate linkage connected between the member 6 and the counter balance arm.
  • the main feature of the high lift device is that its movement is idle for about the first 40 of the movement of the arm 14 and is engaged to take over from the rope or intermediate member 15 for about the last of the arms angular movement.
  • the chariot rope 23 passes through the pulley block 24 and under a first pulley 31 on the member 9 from where it passes over a second pulley 32 on the end 16 of member 6 and over a third pulley 33 on member 9 to return to an anchor on 16.
  • This compound pulley system ensures that the chariot moves a substantial distance along the arm 14.
  • a frame 37 which is adapted to receive additional counter balance weights as required according to the type of load to which the apparatus is applied.
  • the frame 37 also carries a set of wind reaction flaps 38 which function to assist in stabilizing the apparatus during lifting operations.
  • the arm 14 is also equipped with a jockey wheel assembly 39 for assistance at ground level.
  • Item 40 is another example of the many different types of load bearing members which may be used with the apparatus.
  • FIG. 3 shows another form of the invention in which the members 6, 9 and 11 are substantially the same as those of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • This form of the invention is adapted for lifting greater loads than that of FIGS. 1 and 2 and differs in the construction of the counter balance arm 40.
  • This arm 40 comprises three separate parts 41, 42 and 43.
  • the first part 41 which is pivotally connected to 11 at 13 has a bracket 44 near its lower end 45 and rollers 46 and 47.
  • the bracket 44 and roller 47 serve a guide and retainer for the second part 42 at the upper end of which is a second frame 48 having an extended portion 49 with rollers 50, 51 which run on 41.
  • a third guide bracket 52 and rollers 53, 54 which function to guide the third part 43 which carries at its lower end the frame 37 and jockey wheel assembly 39.
  • a guide roller assembly 55 which runs on part 42.
  • the arm 40 lies at an angle of about l5 from the vertical dependent of course on the dimensional characteristics of the various components.
  • the low ratio cable 15 is attached to the bracket 57.
  • Another cable is connected between brackets 55 and 57 and passes over pulley 56.
  • a second cable 58 is provided which is connected by way of a four pulley system 59 between the bottom portion 60 of member 9, bracket 48 on part 42, and an anchor point 61 on part 41.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 The form of the invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has a two part counter balance arm 62 comprising a first part 63 which is connected to a second part 64 by a pivotal connection 65. Mounted on the part 64 adjacent the connection 65 is a bracket 66 which carries a jockey wheel assembly 67 and a pulley 68 and the rope 15 extends from the end 16 of the member 6 along the arm under the pulley 68 to terminate at an anchor connection on the frame 37.
  • a bracket 66 which carries a jockey wheel assembly 67 and a pulley 68 and the rope 15 extends from the end 16 of the member 6 along the arm under the pulley 68 to terminate at an anchor connection on the frame 37.
  • the arm 62 In the no load condition the arm 62 is disposed at a rest position about 5 from the vertical.
  • the crane pulls on a member 6 which moves axially with respect to member 9 pulling on cable 15 to angularly displace part 63 with respect to part 64 until an equilibrium between the counter balance arm and the load is achieved permitting the load to be lifted.
  • the high ratio device 26 With a heavier load, when the part 63 reaches a position at about 95 to the part 64 and when the part 64 reaches a position at about 60 from the vertical, the high ratio device 26 takes over. As the high ratio device 26 moves part 64 beyond the 60 position the tension on rope 15 is relaxed permitting the angle between the parts 63 and 64 to decrease until part 63 is either axially aligned with part 64 or an equilibrium is achieved. At its maximum stroke the arm 62 will be at about an angle from the vertical.
  • Lifting apparatus adapted to be used in conjunction with a crane or the like, said apparatus comprising a first member adapted at one end to be vertically suspended from the crane, a second member mounted on said first member for longitudinal movement thereon and including means adapted to support an article to be lifted which has its center of gravity spaced from the accessible line of lift, counterbalance arm means pivotally connected atone end thereof to the end of said second member remote from said one end of said first member, and intermediate means connecting the said first member to said counterbalance arm means; said counterbalance arm means, said first member, said second member, and said intermediate means being so arranged, disposed, and interconnected as to provide for positive angular placement of said counterbalance arm means with respect to the weight of said article to be lifted and the effort imparted by said crane whereby said article is maintained in a generally stable position during the lifting operation.
  • Lifting apparatus adapted to be used in conjunction with a crane or the like to lift an article which is placed or is to be placed in a position where its center of gravity is spaced from the accessible line of lift, said apparatus comprising a first member adapted to be vertically suspended from said crane, a second member mounted on said first member for longitudinal movement thereon, said second member including means adapted to support an article to be lifted, counterbalance arm means pivotally connected at one end to the lower end of said second member and connected to said first member by a low ratio displacement member, a high ratio displacement member connected between said counter-balance arm means and said first member; the working inter-relationship between said first member, said second member, said counter-balance arm means, said low ratio displacement member, and said high ratio displacement member being such that said counter-balance arm will automatically be displaced angularly through a predetermined range of movement with respect to the weight of the article to be lifted, its own gravitational pull, and the effort imparted by the crane during the initial part of the lifting action whereby said counter balance arm
  • said counterbalance arm means comprise an elongate member pivotally connected at one end thereof to said second member and is adapted for angular displacement in the vertical plane of said apparatus.
  • said low ratio displacement member comprises a flexible element connected at one end to said first member and at the other end to a point near the free end of said elongate member, said element being adapted to angularly displace said elongate member with respect to the degree of relative movement members. said first and second member.
  • Apparatus as in claim 5 including an abutment means on said elongate member and wherein said high ratio displacement member comprises an articulate device connected at one end to said first member and at the other end to said elongate member near the pivotal connection thereof to said second member, said high ratio displacement member being so arranged and disposed as to engage with said abutment means at a predetermined angular displacement position of said elongate member to change the point of leverage therefore during a further range of movement.
  • Lifting apparatus adapted for use in conjunction with a crane or the like to lift an article which is placed or is to be placed with its center of gravity spaced from the accessible line of lift, said apparatus comprising a first member adapted to be suspended from the crane, a second member mounted on said first member for relative movement therewith and adapted to support an article to be lifted, a counterbalance arm mounted on said second member, low ratio lift means connecting said counterbalance arm and said first predetermined range of angular movement with respect to the weight of the article to be lifted and the effort imparted by said crane, high ratio lift means connected between said arm and said first member adapted to engage cooperative means on said arm at the end of said first range of movement and move said arm through a second predetermined range of movement, the degree of movement of said arm being dependent on the leverage required by said arm to maintain an equilibrium between said counterbalance arm and the article to be lifted.
  • Apparatus as in claim 8 including means for progressively changing the point of leverage of said low ratio lift means during its range of movement.
  • said low ratio lift means comprises cable connected to the extremity of said arm.
  • Apparatus as in claim 10 wherein said means for progressively changing the point of leverage comprises a chariot mounted on said counterbalance arm and containing said cable and means for moving said chariot along said arm with respect to the degree of movement of said arm in said first predetermined range of movement.
  • Apparatus as in claim 12 including means biasing said chariot towards the end of said arm distal from its pivotal mounting.
  • Lifting apparatus adapted to be used in conjunction with a crane or the like for lifting articles which are placed or are to be placed with their center of gravity spaced from the accessible line of lift, said apparatus comprising a first member adapted to be suspended from the crane, a second member adapted to be mounted on said first member for movement relative thereto and including means adapted to support an article to be lifted, a first counterbalance arm part pivotally attached to one of said members, a second counterbalance arm part pivotally attached to the free end of said first part, first intermediate means connected between said second member and the free end of said second part and adapted to move said second part through a first predetermined range of angular movement, second intermediate means connected between said first member and said second part adapted to move said first part and said second part through a second range of predetermined angular movement relative to each other.
  • Apparatus as in claim 15 including means adapted to progressively change the relative angular motion of said second part with respect to the first part during the relative motion of both said parts through said second range of movement.
  • Apparatus as in claim 18 wherein said means for progressively changing the relative angular motion between said parts comprise a jockey pulley mounted on the end of said first part adjacent said second part to contain said rope.
  • Lifting apparatus adapted to be used in conjunction with a crane or the like to lift an article which is placed or is to be placed with its center of gravity spaced from the accessible line of lift.
  • said apparatus comprising a first member adapted to be vertically suspended from the crane.
  • a second member adapted to be mounted on said first member for longitudinal movement relative thereto, said second member being adapted to support the article to be lifted, at least one counterbalance mass attached to said second member and. at least one intermediate means interconnecting said first member and said counterbalance mass for controlling the angular displacement of said counterbalance mass relative to said second member with respect to the weight of the article to be lifted and the effort imparted by the crane to maintain an equilibrium between said mass or masses and said article.
  • Lifting apparatus adapted to be used in conjunction with a crane or the like comprising a first member adapted to be suspended from the crane, a second member mounted on said first member for movement relative thereto including means for supporting an articlc to be lifted.
  • counterbalance means pivotally connected to one of said first and second members and including an arm having a plurality of parts connected for relative extensible movement. and intermediate means interconnecting the other of said first and second members and said counterbalance means to provide for positive angular displacement of said counterbalance means relative to the weight of the article to be lifted and the effect imparted by the crane.
  • Apparatus in claim 21 including means controlling the extent of the extensible movement of said plurality of parts with respect to the angular placement of said arm.
  • Apparatus as in claim 22 wherein said means controlling the extensible movement of said plurality of parts comprises a rope and pulley system so arranged and disposed that the rope progressively slackens as the angle of displacement of said counterbalance means increases, thereby permitting said plurality of parts to progressively extend with respect to each other.
  • said intermediate means comprises cable means extending from said first member to the extreme one of said plurality of parts. a substantial portion of said rope passing over reefing pulleys mounted on each of the others of said plurality of parts.
  • Apparatus as in claim 24 wherein said intermediate means is adapted to move said counterbalance means progressively through a first range of movements. said apparatus further including additional means adapted to become operative at the end of said first range of movement to move said counterbalance means through a second range of movement with re spect to the weight of said article and the effort imparted by the crane.
  • Apparatus as in claim 21 including counterweight receiving means at the end of said counterbalance means.
  • Apparatus for lifting an article having its center of gravity spaced from the accessible line of lift comprising means for suspending the apparatus from a crane or similar device, means mounted on said suspending mcans for longitudinal movement relative thereto for supporting the article to be lifted, counterbalance means pivotally fastened to said supporting means. and counterbalance control means interconnecting said counterbalance means and said suspending means for controlling the angular position of said counterbalance means and said supporting means in accordance with the weight of the article being lifted.
  • said counterbalance control means comprises first means for controlling the angular position within a first range of angular positions and second means for controlling the angular position within a second range of angular positions.
  • said counterbalance control means includes means for progressively changing the point of leverage on said counterbalance means as the angular position is altered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
US389558A 1972-09-05 1973-08-20 Lifting apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3879077A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPB033172 1972-09-05

Publications (1)

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US3879077A true US3879077A (en) 1975-04-22

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US389558A Expired - Lifetime US3879077A (en) 1972-09-05 1973-08-20 Lifting apparatus

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US (1) US3879077A (pl)
JP (1) JPS4968452A (pl)
AR (1) AR198246A1 (pl)
AU (1) AU5932273A (pl)
BR (1) BR7306860D0 (pl)
CA (1) CA1002906A (pl)
DE (1) DE2344137A1 (pl)
FR (1) FR2197807B1 (pl)
GB (1) GB1446641A (pl)
IL (1) IL43074A0 (pl)
IT (1) IT998537B (pl)
ZA (1) ZA735674B (pl)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4286817A (en) * 1978-12-21 1981-09-01 Moritz Kjell F Hoisting accessory
WO2004069727A3 (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-06-09 Eitan Leibovitz Hoist for construction material

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19643070C2 (de) * 1996-10-18 1998-09-17 Josef Bergmeister Gmbh & Co Ba Vorrichtung zum Umsetzen einer Last

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1195058A (en) * 1916-08-15 Peter john marfell
US1344659A (en) * 1919-12-26 1920-06-29 Whiting Foundry Equipment Comp Counterbalanced crane
US1466524A (en) * 1922-08-28 1923-08-28 Folland Henry Balancing carriage for conveying heavy goods
US3341243A (en) * 1959-10-12 1967-09-12 Delphi Holding Co Inc Material handling apparatus
US3402911A (en) * 1966-10-06 1968-09-24 Conco Engineering Works Inc Loading balancer
US3521924A (en) * 1967-05-18 1970-07-28 Lars Gustav Wallenius Carrier
US3653486A (en) * 1970-07-17 1972-04-04 Dravo Corp Material handling apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL132031C (pl) * 1966-05-14

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1195058A (en) * 1916-08-15 Peter john marfell
US1344659A (en) * 1919-12-26 1920-06-29 Whiting Foundry Equipment Comp Counterbalanced crane
US1466524A (en) * 1922-08-28 1923-08-28 Folland Henry Balancing carriage for conveying heavy goods
US3341243A (en) * 1959-10-12 1967-09-12 Delphi Holding Co Inc Material handling apparatus
US3402911A (en) * 1966-10-06 1968-09-24 Conco Engineering Works Inc Loading balancer
US3521924A (en) * 1967-05-18 1970-07-28 Lars Gustav Wallenius Carrier
US3653486A (en) * 1970-07-17 1972-04-04 Dravo Corp Material handling apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4286817A (en) * 1978-12-21 1981-09-01 Moritz Kjell F Hoisting accessory
WO2004069727A3 (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-06-09 Eitan Leibovitz Hoist for construction material
EA007437B1 (ru) * 2003-02-10 2006-10-27 Эйтан Лейбовиц Подъемный механизм для строительных материалов
US20060249966A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2006-11-09 Eitan Leibovitz Hoist for construction material
US7229109B2 (en) * 2003-02-10 2007-06-12 Eitan Leibovitz Hoist for construction material
CN100347073C (zh) * 2003-02-10 2007-11-07 埃坦·莱博维茨 建筑材料提升装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2344137A1 (de) 1974-03-21
FR2197807B1 (pl) 1977-08-12
AR198246A1 (es) 1974-06-07
GB1446641A (en) 1976-08-18
ZA735674B (en) 1974-07-31
BR7306860D0 (pt) 1974-08-15
CA1002906A (en) 1977-01-04
FR2197807A1 (pl) 1974-03-29
AU5932273A (en) 1975-02-20
JPS4968452A (pl) 1974-07-03
IT998537B (it) 1976-02-20
IL43074A0 (en) 1973-11-28

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