US3865700A - Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum Download PDF

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Publication number
US3865700A
US3865700A US361720A US36172073A US3865700A US 3865700 A US3865700 A US 3865700A US 361720 A US361720 A US 361720A US 36172073 A US36172073 A US 36172073A US 3865700 A US3865700 A US 3865700A
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United States
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cell
anodizing
direct current
aluminum
web
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Expired - Lifetime
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US361720A
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English (en)
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Howard A Fromson
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Individual
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US361720A priority Critical patent/US3865700A/en
Priority to US449162A priority patent/US3929594A/en
Priority to CA197,104A priority patent/CA1016492A/fr
Priority to CA197,103A priority patent/CA1035722A/fr
Priority to AU68381/74A priority patent/AU490127B2/en
Priority to DE2420704A priority patent/DE2420704C3/de
Priority to IT7450774A priority patent/IT1011370B/it
Priority to IT7450773A priority patent/IT1011369B/it
Priority to AU68783/74A priority patent/AU487059B2/en
Priority to DE19742462450 priority patent/DE2462450A1/de
Priority to DE2422918A priority patent/DE2422918C3/de
Priority to DE19742462448 priority patent/DE2462448A1/de
Priority to DE19742462449 priority patent/DE2462449A1/de
Priority to GB2134874A priority patent/GB1473347A/en
Priority to GB2133974A priority patent/GB1407947A/en
Priority to JP5396474A priority patent/JPS5512198B2/ja
Priority to BE144464A priority patent/BE815205A/fr
Priority to BE144465A priority patent/BE815206A/fr
Priority to JP5463874A priority patent/JPS5546320B2/ja
Priority to FR7417354A priority patent/FR2248332B1/fr
Priority to FR7417355A priority patent/FR2229781B1/fr
Priority to BR4048/74A priority patent/BR7404048D0/pt
Priority to BR4050/74A priority patent/BR7404050D0/pt
Priority to US531638A priority patent/US3920525A/en
Publication of US3865700A publication Critical patent/US3865700A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to US05/762,085 priority patent/USRE29754E/en
Priority to CA286,564A priority patent/CA1053173A/fr
Priority to JP14127478A priority patent/JPS54109038A/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N3/00—Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces
    • B41N3/03—Chemical or electrical pretreatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/005—Apparatus specially adapted for electrolytic conversion coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
    • C25D11/20—Electrolytic after-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0614—Strips or foils
    • C25D7/0621—In horizontal cells

Definitions

  • This invention relates to process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum.
  • the term aluminum is used herein to include aluminum base alloys which, like pure aluminum, can be electrolytically anodized to form oxide coatings. More particularly, this invention relates to a technique for continuously anodizing coils or lengths of aluminum, such as aluminum sheets, strips, wire, rods, shapes and the like (hereinafter collectively referred to as aluminum web), by introducing direct current in a cathodic contact cell into an aluminum web passing therethrough having an oxide coating thereon formed in an anodizing cell which precedes the contact cell. The direct current is picked up in the cathodic cell by the already anodized web and is transferred therealong countercurrent to the direction of movement of the web to the anodizing cell in which, the oxide coating is formed.
  • Aluminum and aluminum base alloys in sheet, strip and wire form have been continuously anodized by a number of techniques for many years. Such anodized products are used for electrical and decorative purposes, in the manufacture of household appliances, automotive trim, building materials, farm equipment, furniture, sporting goods, cans, container closures, lithographic plates, transformers, and in many other market and product areas.
  • the contact roll or bar technique suffers from many deficiencies.
  • the aluminum web must be dry to avoid electrolysis which, if it occurs, dissolves the contact roller or bar anodically leaving pits in the surface thereof.
  • Anoter problem is arching between the two surfaces as they become separated which is brought about by the presence of edge burrs or slivers of aluminum on the web surface itself. Arcing causes pitting of the aluminum as well as pitting and oxidation of the contact member itself.
  • the present invention now makes it possible to introduce anodizing current into more than one crosssection of the moving aluminum web and imparts to the moving web the means to avoid burning caused by a surge of current into the moving web as it enters the anodizing cell.
  • the present invention provides an improvement in a process for continuously electrolytically anodizing aluminum web using direct current.
  • the direct anodizing current is introduced into the aluminum web in a cathodic contact cell, the web having an anodized oxide coating formed thereon before entering the contact cell by the action of the direct current introduced in the contact cell.
  • anodizing direct current from two or more sources is introduced into the aluminum web in a cathodic contact cell, the strip having an anodized oxide coating formed thereon before entering the contact cell through the action of the direct current introduced in the contact cell itself.
  • the process of the invention for continuously electrolytically anodizing aluminum web comprises continuously passing an aluminum web through an anodizing cell having a cathode connected to a source of direct current, continuously passing the aluminum web from the anodizing cell into a cathodic contact cell having an anode connected to the same source of direct current, and introducing anodizing direct current into the aluminum strip in the contact cell, the aluminum web having an anodized oxide coating formed thereon in the anodizing cell before entering the contact cell.
  • the contact cell has a second anode connected to a second source of direct current and the aluminum web is continuously passed from the contact cell into a second anodizing or other electrolytic treatment cell having a cathode connected to the second source of direct current.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating the features of the invention in its most basic form
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of apparatus for carrying out the process of the invention in a preferred manner.
  • the present invention makes it possible to introduce anodizing current into a moving aluminum web into more than one cross-section thereof and into a moving web that already has at least some protective oxide layer formed thereon.
  • This can be accomplished by using a cathodic contact cell, in which the aluminum web is cathodic, between two anodizing cells in which the aluminum strip is anodic, or by utilizing a multiplicity of electrolytic cells in which the aluminum web is alternatively negative or positive.
  • the current introduced into the contact cell will travel in both directions thus effectively doubling the current carrying capacity of the moving aluminum web.
  • the process and apparatus for continuously for electrolytically anodizing aluminum web 12 includes an anodizing cell indicated generally by reference numeral 10 followed by a contact cell indicated generally by reference numeral 20.
  • Each cell includes a suitable tank member 16 for containing an electrolyte 14.
  • the anodizing cell has a cathode 18 therein connected to a source of direct current 24.
  • the contact cell has an anode 22 therein which is connected to the same source of direct current 24.
  • the aluminum web 12 continually passes through the anodizing cell 10 followed by the contact cell 20 with the aid of conventional guide rollers positioned as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the anodizing direct curret is introduced into the web 12 in the contact cell 20.
  • the web 12 has an anodized oxide coating formed thereon in the anodizing cell 10 before entering the contact cell 20 by the action of the direct current introduced into the web 12 in the contact cell 20.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment wherein a second anodizing or other electrolytic treatment cell follows the contact cell 20.
  • the second cell 10' contains a cathode 18' which is connected to a second source of direct current 24.
  • the contact cell 20 contains a second anode 22 which is connected to the same second source of direct current 24.
  • anodizing current is introduced into the web 12 in contact cell 20 from current source 24 which flows in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the web 12 into the preceding anodizing cell 10 wherein a portion of the desired anodized porous oxide coating is formed.
  • the anodizing operation is completed in anodizing cell 10' by anodizing current from source 24 picked up by the strip 12 and contact cell 20 which is transmitted therealong to the anodizing cell 10.
  • the web 12 exits from anodizing cell 10 with the desired thickness of porous oxide coating formed thereon.
  • a further electrolytic treatment wherein the web 12 is positive can be carried out in cell 20'.
  • an electrophoresis operation can be carried out in the embodiment of FIG. 2 in cell 20 whereby resin or lacquer particles are deposited in or on the pores of the oxide coating formed in cell 20.
  • the invention can be carried out by passing aluminum web 12 through at least two successive pairs of anodizing cell It) followed by a contact cell 20.
  • the aluminum web 12 can be cleaned, de-greased or otherwise pretreated using conventional techniques before it reaches the anodizing section and after leaving the anodizing section it can be sealed, dyed or otherwise post-treated using known techniques.
  • the web 12 is passed through the anodizing operation of the invention using conventional winding and feeding equipment.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Aluminum samples were anodized in the sulfuric acid electrolyte at constant electrolyte concentration and temperatures. DC voltage breakdown values were determined and are summarized in Table 1 below:
  • EXAMPLE 2 Triple sets of aluminum samples were prepared and all were anodized for the same period of time and at the same current density.
  • Set number 1 was anodized only.
  • Set number 2 was anodized and allowed to sit in the electrolyte while the polarity was reversed (samples Cathodic).
  • Set number 3 was anodized and allowed to sit in the anodizing electrolyte without applying any current. For all three sets the andizing time, the time the polarity was reversed and the time the anodized samples were allowed to sit in the electrolyte was the same.
  • the sample was anodized at 40C. at a current density of 50 a/ft for a specific length of time.
  • the invention makes it possible to minimize TABLE 2 TIME CURRENT ACTUAL VOLTAGE TEMP. WEIGHT OF WEIGHT OF WEIGHT 0F 70 WEIGHT LOSS (sec) DENSITY CURRENT (volts) VOLTAGE (*C) SET 1 SET 2 SET 3 BETWEEN SET (a/ft (amps) (volts) (mg/in) (mglin (mg/in) 1 and 2 3. The aluminum sample was again anodized at 40C. at a current density of 50 a/ft for a specific length of tlme.
  • Control samples were anodized at 40C. at a current density of 50 a/ft for a period of time equalling the total time in steps 1 and3. Step 2 was eliminated.
  • the aluminum web entering a cathodic contact cell according to the invention already has an anodized oxide coating formed thereon before entering the cell, it is now uniquely possible to use as the anode for the contact cell, a platable metal such as copper, nickel, zinc and the like.
  • this embodiment utilizes direct current from one source for carrying out two operations, viz, forming an oxide coating on the aluminum web before it enters the contact cell and depositing platable metals on the preformed oxide coating while the aluminum web passes through the contact cell.
  • Process for continuously electrolytically anodizing aluminum web which comprises continuously passing said web through an anodizing cell having therein a cathode connected to a source of direct current, continuously passing said web from said anodizing cell into a cathodic contact cell having therein an anode connected to said source of direct current, and introducing anodizing direct current into said web in said contact cell, said web having an anodized oxide coating formed thereon in said anodizinc cell before entering said contact cell through the action of the direct current introduced in the contact cell itself.
  • Apparatus for continuously electrolytically anodizing aluminum web which comprises anodizing cell means containing a cathode connected to a source of direct current, cathodic contact cell means containing an anode connected to said source of direct current, and means for continuously passing said aluminum web first through said anodizing cell means and then through said contact cell means, the anodizing direct current entering said web in said contact cell means with an anodized oxide coating formed thereon through the action of the direct current introduced in the contact cell itself.
  • said contact cell means contains a second anode connected to a second source of direct current and a second cell means are provided containing a cathode connected to said second source of direct current, said means for passing being adapted to continuously pass said web through said second anodizing cell means after passing through said contact cell means.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Electrochemical Coating By Surface Reaction (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
US361720A 1973-05-18 1973-05-18 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum Expired - Lifetime US3865700A (en)

Priority Applications (27)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US361720A US3865700A (en) 1973-05-18 1973-05-18 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum
US449162A US3929594A (en) 1973-05-18 1974-03-07 Electroplated anodized aluminum articles
CA197,104A CA1016492A (fr) 1973-05-18 1974-04-08 Procede et appareil d'anodisage en continu de l'aluminium
CA197,103A CA1035722A (fr) 1973-05-18 1974-04-08 Articles aluminises par electrodeposition et procede connexe
AU68381/74A AU490127B2 (en) 1973-05-18 1974-04-29 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum
DE2420704A DE2420704C3 (de) 1973-05-18 1974-04-29 Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Eloxieren eines Aluminiumbandes und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
IT7450774A IT1011370B (it) 1973-05-18 1974-05-03 Procedimento per la placcatura elettrolitica di oggetti di allumi nio anodizzato e prodotto ottenuto
IT7450773A IT1011369B (it) 1973-05-18 1974-05-03 Procedimento ed apparecchio per la anodizzazione continua di alluminio
AU68783/74A AU487059B2 (en) 1974-05-09 Anodizing and plating of aluminum
DE19742462450 DE2462450A1 (de) 1973-05-18 1974-05-11 Verfahren zum stromlosen plattieren oder galvanisieren von metallen sowie mit diesem verfahren hergestellter gegenstand
DE2422918A DE2422918C3 (de) 1973-05-18 1974-05-11 Flachdruckplatte und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE19742462448 DE2462448A1 (de) 1973-05-18 1974-05-11 Flaechiger metallgegenstand, verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie katalysator aus diesem metallgegenstand
DE19742462449 DE2462449A1 (de) 1973-05-18 1974-05-11 Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen elektrolytischen eloxieren und galvanisieren von aluminium sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
GB2133974A GB1407947A (en) 1973-05-18 1974-05-14 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminium
GB2134874A GB1473347A (en) 1973-05-18 1974-05-14 Electroplated anodized aluminium articles and process therefor
JP5396474A JPS5512198B2 (fr) 1973-05-18 1974-05-16
BR4050/74A BR7404050D0 (pt) 1973-05-18 1974-05-17 Artigo com substrato de aluminio e placa de impressao litografica, processos e aparelhos de tratamento de aluminio e artigos revestidos de aluminio, e processo e aparelhos de galvanizar e anodizar
BE144465A BE815206A (fr) 1973-05-18 1974-05-17 Articles en aluminium anodises et metallises electrolytiquement
JP5463874A JPS5546320B2 (fr) 1973-05-18 1974-05-17
FR7417354A FR2248332B1 (fr) 1973-05-18 1974-05-17
FR7417355A FR2229781B1 (fr) 1973-05-18 1974-05-17
BR4048/74A BR7404048D0 (pt) 1973-05-18 1974-05-17 Processo e aparelho aperfeicoados para anodizar aluminio continuamente
BE144464A BE815205A (fr) 1973-05-18 1974-05-17 Procede et dispositif pour l'anodisation d'aluminium en operation continue
US531638A US3920525A (en) 1973-05-18 1974-12-11 Process for continuously anodizing aluminum
US05/762,085 USRE29754E (en) 1973-05-18 1977-01-24 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum
CA286,564A CA1053173A (fr) 1973-05-18 1977-09-12 Articles en aluminium anodise et methode de realisation connexe
JP14127478A JPS54109038A (en) 1973-05-18 1978-11-17 Continuous aluminum anodizing* electroplating* and apparatus therefor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US361720A US3865700A (en) 1973-05-18 1973-05-18 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US449162A Continuation-In-Part US3929594A (en) 1973-05-18 1974-03-07 Electroplated anodized aluminum articles
US05/762,085 Reissue USRE29754E (en) 1973-05-18 1977-01-24 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum

Publications (1)

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US3865700A true US3865700A (en) 1975-02-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US361720A Expired - Lifetime US3865700A (en) 1973-05-18 1973-05-18 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum
US05/762,085 Expired - Lifetime USRE29754E (en) 1973-05-18 1977-01-24 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/762,085 Expired - Lifetime USRE29754E (en) 1973-05-18 1977-01-24 Process and apparatus for continuously anodizing aluminum

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) US3865700A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5512198B2 (fr)
BE (2) BE815205A (fr)
BR (1) BR7404048D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA1016492A (fr)
DE (1) DE2420704C3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2229781B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1407947A (fr)
IT (1) IT1011369B (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4021592A (en) * 1974-03-07 1977-05-03 Fromson H A Process of making electroplated anodized aluminum articles and electroless plating
US4090929A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-05-23 Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann Rapid chromic acid anodization
US4196060A (en) * 1975-01-22 1980-04-01 Societe De Vente De L'aluminium Pechiney Method of surface treating an aluminum wire for electrical use
US4605480A (en) * 1983-06-13 1986-08-12 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Device for continuously anodically oxidizing aluminum strips on one surface thereof and use of these aluminum strips in the production of offset printing plates
EP0268790A2 (fr) 1986-10-17 1988-06-01 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la modification par enlèvement de supports en aluminium ou en alliage de l'aluminium décapés en plusieurs étapes et utilisation de ceux-ci pour la fabrication de plaques offset
US4865699A (en) * 1988-06-24 1989-09-12 Fromson H A Process and apparatus for anodizing aluminum
US5207881A (en) * 1991-03-07 1993-05-04 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Apparatus for continuous electrolytic treatment of aluminum article
US5382335A (en) * 1991-06-10 1995-01-17 Andritz-Patentverwaltungs-Gesellschaft M.B.H. Process and apparatus for the electrolytic treatment of continuously advancing electrically conductive material
WO1998053451A1 (fr) * 1997-05-22 1998-11-26 Fromson H A Archivage d'images et procede correspondant
US6099709A (en) * 1995-05-18 2000-08-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of producing an electrode foil for use in aluminum electrolytic capacitors
US20050098439A1 (en) * 1998-04-30 2005-05-12 Akihisa Hongo Substrate plating method and apparatus
WO2005111717A2 (fr) * 2004-05-19 2005-11-24 Fujifilm Corporation Méthode d’enregistrement d’image
CN114197007A (zh) * 2021-05-18 2022-03-18 西比里电机技术(苏州)有限公司 导体线材热电化学氧化处理装置
CN114232046A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-03-25 西比里电机技术(苏州)有限公司 一种对铝箔进行热电化学氧化处理的设备

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH601502A5 (fr) * 1974-07-31 1978-07-14 Alusuisse
SE408587C (sv) * 1977-11-21 1987-03-23 Graenges Aluminium Ab Solenergiabsorbator
JPS5496108A (en) * 1978-01-07 1979-07-30 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd Production of coated paper for printing
DE3222967A1 (de) * 1982-06-19 1983-12-22 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Verfahren zur abtragenden modifizierung von elektrochemisch aufgerauhten traegermaterialien aus aluminium nd deren verwendung bei der herstellung von offsetdruckplatten
US4406757A (en) 1982-03-29 1983-09-27 Polychrome Corporation Anodization method
JPS60155699A (ja) * 1983-12-27 1985-08-15 Permelec Electrode Ltd 液体給電法による金属の電解処理法
JPS60140811A (ja) * 1983-12-28 1985-07-25 マルコン電子株式会社 電解コンデンサ用アルミ箔の化成方法および化成装置
IT1191625B (it) * 1985-06-17 1988-03-23 Cisart Srl Procedimento per l'ossidazione anodica di metalli in lastre,nastri e simili,particolarmente adatto per l'alluminio e sue leghe,e relativa apparecchiatura
US5314607A (en) * 1991-06-21 1994-05-24 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for anodizing supports for lithographic printing plate
JP5074145B2 (ja) * 2007-10-15 2012-11-14 三菱アルミニウム株式会社 表面処理アルミニウム材料の製造方法および表面処理アルミニウム材料の製造装置
US8512872B2 (en) 2010-05-19 2013-08-20 Dupalectpa-CHN, LLC Sealed anodic coatings
US8609254B2 (en) 2010-05-19 2013-12-17 Sanford Process Corporation Microcrystalline anodic coatings and related methods therefor

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US2541275A (en) * 1943-11-09 1951-02-13 Alais & Froges & Camarque Cie Apparatus for the electrolytic oxidation of metallic elements
US3471375A (en) * 1964-02-04 1969-10-07 Aluminium Lab Ltd Process and apparatus for continuous anodic treatment

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US3920525A (en) * 1973-05-18 1975-11-18 Fromson H A Process for continuously anodizing aluminum

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US2541275A (en) * 1943-11-09 1951-02-13 Alais & Froges & Camarque Cie Apparatus for the electrolytic oxidation of metallic elements
US3471375A (en) * 1964-02-04 1969-10-07 Aluminium Lab Ltd Process and apparatus for continuous anodic treatment

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4021592A (en) * 1974-03-07 1977-05-03 Fromson H A Process of making electroplated anodized aluminum articles and electroless plating
US4196060A (en) * 1975-01-22 1980-04-01 Societe De Vente De L'aluminium Pechiney Method of surface treating an aluminum wire for electrical use
US4090929A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-05-23 Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann Rapid chromic acid anodization
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CN114232046A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-03-25 西比里电机技术(苏州)有限公司 一种对铝箔进行热电化学氧化处理的设备

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BE815205A (fr) 1974-11-18
FR2229781A1 (fr) 1974-12-13
AU6838174A (en) 1975-10-30
IT1011369B (it) 1977-01-20
BR7404048D0 (pt) 1974-12-03
USRE29754E (en) 1978-09-05
JPS5019643A (fr) 1975-03-01
DE2420704A1 (de) 1974-12-05
BE815206A (fr) 1974-11-18
JPS5512198B2 (fr) 1980-03-31
GB1407947A (en) 1975-10-01
DE2420704C3 (de) 1985-02-07
CA1016492A (fr) 1977-08-30
DE2420704B2 (de) 1981-06-25
FR2229781B1 (fr) 1978-09-15

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