US3853718A - Method to improve zinc deposition employing multi-nitrogen quaternaries - Google Patents

Method to improve zinc deposition employing multi-nitrogen quaternaries Download PDF

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Publication number
US3853718A
US3853718A US00321429A US32142973A US3853718A US 3853718 A US3853718 A US 3853718A US 00321429 A US00321429 A US 00321429A US 32142973 A US32142973 A US 32142973A US 3853718 A US3853718 A US 3853718A
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Prior art keywords
bath
compound
imine
nitrogen
zinc
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00321429A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Creutz
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OMI International Corp
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Oxy Metal Finishing Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to US00321429A priority Critical patent/US3853718A/en
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7304240,A priority patent/NL175441C/xx
Priority to FR7311418A priority patent/FR2213349B1/fr
Priority to BR2573/73A priority patent/BR7302573D0/pt
Priority to DE2318985A priority patent/DE2318985C2/de
Priority to CA169,010A priority patent/CA1026263A/en
Priority to ES413796A priority patent/ES413796A1/es
Priority to IT49468/73A priority patent/IT980227B/it
Priority to GB1826473A priority patent/GB1394647A/en
Priority to JP4355173A priority patent/JPS5711960B2/ja
Priority to AR247597A priority patent/AR197893A1/es
Publication of US3853718A publication Critical patent/US3853718A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to JP56146034A priority patent/JPS5782490A/ja
Assigned to OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION reassignment OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). 4-09-74 Assignors: OXY METAL FINISHING CORPORATION
Assigned to HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP. reassignment HOOKER CHEMICALS & PLASTICS CORP. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: OXY METAL INDUSTRIES CORPORATION
Assigned to OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION reassignment OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE MARCH 30, 1982. Assignors: HOOKER CHEMICAS & PLASTICS CORP.
Assigned to OMI INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION reassignment OMI INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Assigned to MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, A CORP OF reassignment MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, A CORP OF SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION, A CORP OF DE
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
    • C08G73/02—Polyamines
    • C08G73/0206—Polyalkylene(poly)amines
    • C08G73/0213—Preparatory process
    • C08G73/0226—Quaternisation of polyalkylene(poly)amines

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An alkaline electroplating bath comprising alkali metal zincate, and an effective zinc brightening amount of a bath soluble multiple quaternary compound which is the reaction product of a polyalkylene imine and an organic ammonium halide which contains a halogen which will quaternarize a nitrogen of the polyalkylene imine.
  • an electroplating bath useful for the electrodeposition of zinc comprising an alkaline electrolyte preferably containing alkali zincate and also containing a reaction product of a polyalkylene imine and an ammonium halide which has a halogen which may react with the nitrogen of the polyalkylene imine to produce a plurality of nitrogen quaternary sites.
  • a method for obtaining a bright zinc deposit from an alkaline bath, preferably a cyanide-free alkaline zincate bath, wherein the bath contains a brightening amount of the reaction product of a polyalkylene imine and an organic ammonium halide, which contains a halogen which may react with the nitrogen of the polyalkylene imine to produce a plurality of nitrogen quaternary sites.
  • Zincate plating baths are those which are generally obtained by mixing zinc oxide and caustic, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide.
  • the amount of alkali metal hydroxide that may be employed ranges from about 100 to 200 grams per liter, while the amount of alkali metal zincate ranges from to 150 grams per liter, preferably about 20 to 70 grams per liter.
  • the processing parameters are such that normally atmospheric temperature and pressure is employed, although temperatures up to 55 C. may also be employed, and even more preferably about to 45 C.
  • the cathode current density ranges from about 5 to 100 amps. per sq. ft., while the anode current density ranges from about 10 to 35 amps. per sq. ft., where the zinc deposition can occur with agitation.
  • the zinc brightening agent that may be employed in the present invention is one that employs as a reactant a polyalkylene imine. It is to be appreciated that the reaction product that is to be used as a zinc brightener in the present invention is one that should be soluble in the aqueous alkaline system.
  • the polyalkylene imine that is'employed is a lower alkyl substitute of polyethylene imine, that is a polyethylene imine in which one or more of the hydrogens is substituted by a lower alkyl, such as a one to three carbon alkyl radical, such.
  • the polyalkylene imine be unsubstituted polyethylene imine which are generally available to the public.
  • the polyethylene imine can be expressed as the polymerization product of the compound of Formula I;
  • R and R may be hydrogen, alkyl of from one to three carbon atoms and R may be hydrogen, alkyl or hydroxy alkyl of from one to three carbon atoms, such as hydroxy ethyl and hydroxy propyl, cyanoethyl, cyanopropyl and benzyl.
  • the polyalkylene imine preferably unsubstituted polyethylene imine, may range from 300 to 1,000,000 in molecular weight.
  • the zinc brightening agent that is to be employed in the present case preferably has a plurality of nitrogen quaternary ammonium sites.
  • One of the quatemaries is in the repeating polyalkylene imine unit, while the side chain attached to the quaternary of the polyalkylene imine would be the second site for a quaternary nitrogen.
  • the multiple nitrogen quaternary that may be employed in the present case is one that may be obtained by reacting the compound of Formula II;
  • R may be alkylene, or hydroxy substituted alkylene, wherein the number of carbon atoms is up to six carbon atoms, preferably up to four carbon atoms, and even more preferably three carbon atoms; and R may have up to 10 carbon atoms per R group, wherein R is independently selected from the group consistingof hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl and hydroxy or halo substituted derivatives thereof, and the like.
  • the product has a mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
  • the polymerized product may be cross-linked.
  • the low molecular weight PEI probably have few if any cross-linkages. Therefore, as the molecular weight increases, the amount of cross-linking in the product will increase. Accordingly, when polyethylene imine (PEI) is polymerized to obtain a cross-linked product, the PEI is reacted with a compound of formula l1, repeating units of the product can be expressed by Formula IV;
  • X may be a halogen, such as chloro or bromo and the like.
  • the compound of formula 11 may be prepared by reacting a tertiary amine with a suitable reactant which will form the quaternary amine and also have a halogen available which can in turn quaternarize at least one of the nitrogens of the polyalkylene imine.
  • a suitable reactant for the reaction with a tertiary amine to produce the compounds of formula 11 would be epichlorohydrin; preferably this reaction is performed in the presence of hypochlorous acid.
  • a suitable tertiary amine may be trimethyl amine, triethyl amine, tributyl amine, tridecyl amine, tribenzyl amine, triphenyl amine, and the like.
  • the most preferred reactant with polyethylene imine is the product resulting from reacting epichlorohydrin with trimethyl amine.
  • agents may be present in the bath in order to impart other desirable characteristics such as improving the throwing power of the bath to low current density areas, and improving the bath solubility of the components.
  • Suitable agents are anisaldehyde, glue, polyvinyl alcohol, the glycerol esters of polyvinyl alcohols, having a molecular weight of 5,000 to 20,000.
  • Other polymers that may be employed are gelatin, peptone, and the like.
  • chelating agents or agents that can form a complex with the zinc in the bath may also be employed, such as nitrilo triacetic acid and the various alkali metal salts, such as the sodium salt, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid, and its water soluble salts, such as sodium and the like.
  • a preferred polyethylene imine that may be used as a reactant with a compound of formula 11, is one having a molecular weight ranging from 250 to 400,000, preferably 600 to 60,000, wherein the percentage of primary, secondary, and tertiary nitrogens is about 25 to 50 to 25.
  • a zincate bath that may be employed in the present invention is as follows:
  • the bath pH normally is alkaline, having a range of about to 14.
  • the bath pl-l may be adjusted by the addition of sodium hydroxide.
  • EXAMPLE 1 1.5 percent zinc oxide was mixed with 15 percent of dry caustic soda. 500 cc.s of water were then added and the slurry mixed until all the solids were dissolved.
  • the solution was cooled and diluted to one gallon. Steel test panels were plated in a Hull cell at 1 amp. for ten minutes. The deposit was dark and spongy.
  • the plating test was repeated and the cathode this time was smooth.
  • EXAMPLE 11 Following the procedure of Example 1, the solution was further added to with the addition of 200 milligrams per liter of anisaldehyde bisulfite. The plating was repeated with the result that a bright zinc deposit was obtained.
  • Suitable additional materials are the nitrogen quaternaries which are zinc brighteners, such as those described in US. Pat. No. 3,318,787 and US. Pat. No. 3,41 1,996, the subject matter of which is incorporated here by reference.
  • the preferred organic quaternaries are those that are bath soluble and are substituted by such groups as carboxylic esters, carboxamides, substituted carboxamides, carboxy groups and nitrile.
  • the amount of the quaternary that may be used may range from about 0.005 to about 5 grams per liter. It is to be appreciated when the quaternary is substituted by a carboxy group, that an inner salt, i.e., a betaine can be formed, such as described in US. Pat. No. 3,41 1,996.
  • the most preferred quaternary is a pyridine compound whereby the nitrogen has been quatemized by suitable goups.
  • Suitable quatemizing groups are benzyl chloride, allyl bromide, and the like.
  • the most preferred quaternary is that obtained by quatemizing nicotinic acid (or 3-methyl or ethyl-nicotinate) with benzyl chloride.
  • Suitable heterocyclic compounds are those described in Ser. No. 244,938, filed Apr. 17, 1972, now abandoned.
  • Such compounds are generally used in amounts ranging from about 0.005 to about 'grams per liter and are generally of the structure;
  • X is S or Ais n is 0 to 1; when n is zero, nitrogen is doubly bonded to carbon in position 2;
  • R and R may be hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms; phenyl; or may be joined to form a six membered aromatic carbocyclic ring; and
  • R is hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms or phenyl.
  • An aqueous alkaline zinc electroplating bath comprising alkali metal zincate, and about 0.5 to about 50 grams per liter of a zinc brightening agent in the form of a bath soluble multiple quaternary compound which is the reaction product of a polyalkylene imine having a molecular weight from about 300 to 1,000,000, and
  • n is to 1; when n is 0, nitrogen is doubly bonded to carbon in A;
  • R, and R are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms; phenyl; and may be joined together to form a six membered aromatic benzene ring and R is hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms or phenyl.
  • R is selected from the group consisting of alkylene and hydroxy substituted alkylene; R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl and the hydroxy or halo derivatives thereof; and X is halogen.
  • R is alkyl of one to four carbon atoms.
  • R and R are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of from one to three carbon atoms; and R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of from one to three carbon atoms, hydroxy alkyl of from one to three carbon atoms, cyano alkyl wherein the alkyl has from one to three carbon atoms and benzyl.
  • the bath of claim 1 further comprising a second bath soluble quaternary nitrogen compound in the amount from about 0.005 g/l to about 5.0 g/l.
  • the second quaternary compound is a pyridine compound present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 to about 5 grams per liter.
  • a method of depositing zinc from an alkaline zine electroplating bath comprising passing an electric current from an anode through the bath of claim 1 to a cathodic workpiece for a period of time sufiicient to form a zinc deposit.
  • X is S- or NR
  • n O to 1; when n is 0, nitrogen is doubly bonded to carbon in A;
  • R, and R are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms; phenyl; and may be jointed together to form a six membered aromatic benzene ring and R is hydrogen, alkyl of one to four carbon atoms or phenyl.
  • R is selected from the group consisting of alkylene, and hydroxy substituted alkylene; R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, and the hydroxy or halo substituted derivative thereof; and wherein X is a halogen.
  • R is alkyl or one to four carbon atoms.
  • the quaternary compound is a pyridine compound present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 to about 5 grams per liter.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
  • Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
US00321429A 1973-01-05 1973-01-05 Method to improve zinc deposition employing multi-nitrogen quaternaries Expired - Lifetime US3853718A (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00321429A US3853718A (en) 1973-01-05 1973-01-05 Method to improve zinc deposition employing multi-nitrogen quaternaries
NLAANVRAGE7304240,A NL175441C (nl) 1973-01-05 1973-03-27 Werkwijze voor het bereiden van een elektrolytisch bekledingsbad voor het verkrijgen van glanzende zinkafzettingen, alsmede gevormd voortbrengsel dat is voorzien van een glanzende zinkafzetting verkregen door toepassing van een volgens die werkwijze bereid bekledingsbad.
FR7311418A FR2213349B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-05 1973-03-29
BR2573/73A BR7302573D0 (pt) 1973-01-05 1973-04-10 Banho eletrogalvanizante, alcalino e processo para depositar zinco com emprego desse banho
DE2318985A DE2318985C2 (de) 1973-01-05 1973-04-14 Wäßriges alkalisches Bad zur galvanischen Abscheidung von glänzenden Zinkschichten
GB1826473A GB1394647A (en) 1973-01-05 1973-04-16 Method to improve zinc electro deposition employing a quaternary compound
ES413796A ES413796A1 (es) 1973-01-05 1973-04-16 Un metodo de depositar cinc de un bano electrolitico de cinc alcalino.
IT49468/73A IT980227B (it) 1973-01-05 1973-04-16 Bagno per la deposizione elettro litica di zinco e relativo metodo di applicaione
CA169,010A CA1026263A (en) 1973-01-05 1973-04-16 Method to improve zinc deposition employing multi-nitrogen quaternaries
JP4355173A JPS5711960B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-05 1973-04-17
AR247597A AR197893A1 (es) 1973-01-05 1973-04-17 Bano de electrochapado alcalino
JP56146034A JPS5782490A (en) 1973-01-05 1981-09-16 Plating of zinc from zinc electroplating bath using quarternary compound having plural nitrogen atom

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US00321429A US3853718A (en) 1973-01-05 1973-01-05 Method to improve zinc deposition employing multi-nitrogen quaternaries

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US (1) US3853718A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (2) JPS5711960B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AR (1) AR197893A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7302573D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1026263A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2318985C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES413796A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2213349B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1394647A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT980227B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL175441C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954575A (en) * 1972-11-10 1976-05-04 Dipsol Chemicals Co., Ltd. Zinc electroplating
US3957595A (en) * 1975-01-10 1976-05-18 Nalco Chemical Company Zinc electroplating
US3974045A (en) * 1973-12-10 1976-08-10 Dipsol Chemicals Co., Ltd. Method for electroplating bright zinc
US3988219A (en) * 1975-07-07 1976-10-26 Columbia Chemical Corporation Baths and additives for the electrodeposition of bright zinc
US4046648A (en) * 1975-09-29 1977-09-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyamine additives in alkaline zinc electroplating
FR2389688A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1977-05-04 1978-12-01 Oxy Metal Industries Corp
US4135992A (en) * 1976-12-24 1979-01-23 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Zinc electroplating bath
US4169771A (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-10-02 Oxy Metal Industries Corporation Ductile bright zinc electroplating bath and process and additive therefor
US4178217A (en) * 1977-09-09 1979-12-11 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Zinc electroplating bath
US4229267A (en) * 1979-06-01 1980-10-21 Richardson Chemical Company Alkaline bright zinc plating and additive therefor
DE3230807A1 (de) * 1981-09-08 1983-03-24 Occidental Chemical Corp., 48089 Warren, Mich. Neue verbindung und ein alkalisches, diese verbindung enthaltendes bad zur galvanischen abscheidung von zink
US5435898A (en) * 1994-10-25 1995-07-25 Enthone-Omi Inc. Alkaline zinc and zinc alloy electroplating baths and processes
US5578187A (en) * 1995-10-19 1996-11-26 Enthone-Omi, Inc. Plating process for electroless nickel on zinc die castings
US6143160A (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-11-07 Pavco, Inc. Method for improving the macro throwing power for chloride zinc electroplating baths
US9899695B2 (en) 2015-05-22 2018-02-20 General Electric Company Zinc-based electrolyte compositions, and related electrochemical processes and articles

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853718A (en) * 1973-01-05 1974-12-10 Oxy Metal Finishing Corp Method to improve zinc deposition employing multi-nitrogen quaternaries
FR2307060A1 (fr) * 1975-04-09 1976-11-05 Popescu Francine Zingage galvanique alcalin brillant
JP4570738B2 (ja) * 1999-08-05 2010-10-27 日本表面化学株式会社 電気亜鉛めっき浴及びめっき方法
CN102953095A (zh) * 2012-08-15 2013-03-06 长江润发(江苏)薄板镀层有限公司 一种无铬无氰耐指纹板

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2451426A (en) * 1943-11-25 1948-10-12 Du Pont Bright zinc plating
US2791554A (en) * 1954-09-22 1957-05-07 Ann F Hull Method of electrodepositing zinc
US3227638A (en) * 1961-06-16 1966-01-04 Robert H Burnson Alkali cyanide bath and process for electroplating therewith
FR1480997A (fr) * 1966-05-25 1967-05-12 Schering Ag Bain de brillantage zincique alcalin, ne contenant pas de cyanures
US3393135A (en) * 1965-08-05 1968-07-16 Enthone Bright zinc electro-plating
DE1910466A1 (de) * 1969-03-01 1970-09-17 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Saures galvanisches Glanzzinkbad
DE1915653A1 (de) * 1969-03-27 1970-10-01 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Saures galvanisches Glanzzinkbad
US3642589A (en) * 1969-09-29 1972-02-15 Fred I Nobel Gold alloy electroplating baths
US3655534A (en) * 1970-02-24 1972-04-11 Enthone Alkaline bright zinc electroplating

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3318787A (en) * 1964-02-07 1967-05-09 Udylite Corp Electrodeposition of zinc
US3853718A (en) * 1973-01-05 1974-12-10 Oxy Metal Finishing Corp Method to improve zinc deposition employing multi-nitrogen quaternaries

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2451426A (en) * 1943-11-25 1948-10-12 Du Pont Bright zinc plating
US2791554A (en) * 1954-09-22 1957-05-07 Ann F Hull Method of electrodepositing zinc
US3227638A (en) * 1961-06-16 1966-01-04 Robert H Burnson Alkali cyanide bath and process for electroplating therewith
US3393135A (en) * 1965-08-05 1968-07-16 Enthone Bright zinc electro-plating
FR1480997A (fr) * 1966-05-25 1967-05-12 Schering Ag Bain de brillantage zincique alcalin, ne contenant pas de cyanures
DE1910466A1 (de) * 1969-03-01 1970-09-17 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Saures galvanisches Glanzzinkbad
DE1915653A1 (de) * 1969-03-27 1970-10-01 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Saures galvanisches Glanzzinkbad
US3642589A (en) * 1969-09-29 1972-02-15 Fred I Nobel Gold alloy electroplating baths
US3655534A (en) * 1970-02-24 1972-04-11 Enthone Alkaline bright zinc electroplating

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954575A (en) * 1972-11-10 1976-05-04 Dipsol Chemicals Co., Ltd. Zinc electroplating
US3974045A (en) * 1973-12-10 1976-08-10 Dipsol Chemicals Co., Ltd. Method for electroplating bright zinc
US3957595A (en) * 1975-01-10 1976-05-18 Nalco Chemical Company Zinc electroplating
US3988219A (en) * 1975-07-07 1976-10-26 Columbia Chemical Corporation Baths and additives for the electrodeposition of bright zinc
US4046648A (en) * 1975-09-29 1977-09-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyamine additives in alkaline zinc electroplating
US4135992A (en) * 1976-12-24 1979-01-23 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Zinc electroplating bath
FR2389688A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1977-05-04 1978-12-01 Oxy Metal Industries Corp
US4178217A (en) * 1977-09-09 1979-12-11 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Zinc electroplating bath
FR2423557A1 (fr) * 1978-04-20 1979-11-16 Oxy Metal Industries Corp Procede et bains de depot electrolytique de zinc brillant utilisant un polymere de condensation alkyle comme agent de brillantage
US4169771A (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-10-02 Oxy Metal Industries Corporation Ductile bright zinc electroplating bath and process and additive therefor
US4229267A (en) * 1979-06-01 1980-10-21 Richardson Chemical Company Alkaline bright zinc plating and additive therefor
DE3230807A1 (de) * 1981-09-08 1983-03-24 Occidental Chemical Corp., 48089 Warren, Mich. Neue verbindung und ein alkalisches, diese verbindung enthaltendes bad zur galvanischen abscheidung von zink
US5435898A (en) * 1994-10-25 1995-07-25 Enthone-Omi Inc. Alkaline zinc and zinc alloy electroplating baths and processes
DE19538419A1 (de) * 1994-10-25 1996-05-02 Enthone Omi Inc Alkalische Zink- und Zinklegierungs-Galvanisierbäder und Verfahren
DE19538419C2 (de) * 1994-10-25 1999-12-23 Enthone Omi Inc Verwendung eines badlöslichen Polymers in einem wäßrigen alkalischen Bad zur galvanischen Abscheidung von Zink und Zinklegierungen
US5578187A (en) * 1995-10-19 1996-11-26 Enthone-Omi, Inc. Plating process for electroless nickel on zinc die castings
US6143160A (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-11-07 Pavco, Inc. Method for improving the macro throwing power for chloride zinc electroplating baths
US9899695B2 (en) 2015-05-22 2018-02-20 General Electric Company Zinc-based electrolyte compositions, and related electrochemical processes and articles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7304240A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-07-09
FR2213349A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-08-02
NL175441C (nl) 1984-11-01
IT980227B (it) 1974-09-30
NL175441B (nl) 1984-06-01
AR197893A1 (es) 1974-05-15
BR7302573D0 (pt) 1974-08-29
DE2318985C2 (de) 1982-07-22
DE2318985A1 (de) 1974-07-18
JPS5711960B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1982-03-08
CA1026263A (en) 1978-02-14
JPS5782490A (en) 1982-05-22
JPS4998733A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-18
ES413796A1 (es) 1976-01-16
GB1394647A (en) 1975-05-21
FR2213349B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-04-29

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