US3812694A - Bending machine for metal rods - Google Patents
Bending machine for metal rods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3812694A US3812694A US00203340A US20334071A US3812694A US 3812694 A US3812694 A US 3812694A US 00203340 A US00203340 A US 00203340A US 20334071 A US20334071 A US 20334071A US 3812694 A US3812694 A US 3812694A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bending
- impulses
- nominal
- counter
- rotatable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
- B21D11/10—Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs
- B21D11/12—Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs the articles being reinforcements for concrete
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/12—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes with programme control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
- Y10S72/702—Overbending to compensate for springback
Definitions
- Keenan Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Holman & Stern 57 ABSTRACT A bending machine for bending metal rods having a rotatable bending plate which carries a centrally disposed bending tool and at least one eccentric bending tool, means being provided for continuing angular movement of the rotatable bending plate beyond a nominal angular position in order to compensate for spring-back of a metal rod after a bend has been effected, there being impulse transmitting means actuable on rotation of the bending plate, means for counting impulses transmitted by said impulse transmitting means and means for comparing such transmitted impulses with a number of impulses pre-set in said counting means.
- the rotatable bending plate continues beyond th'e nominal bending angle by the provi-' sion of delay means which delay' by a pre-selected variable periodv the moment at rwhich the number of transmitted impulses correspondsto the number of impulses pre-set in the counting means.
- the period of said variable delay is proportional to the value of the nominal bending angle, the value of the ratio of the diameter of the centrally disposed bending tool to the diameter of the rod being bent and a factor, dependent upon the. hardness of the rod, lying between 0.004 and 0.008.
- the invention relates to a bending machine for metal rods, such as steel reinforcing rods, the machine having a bending plate which carries a central bending tool and at least one eccentric bending tool, and being arranged to effect bends in both angular directions, with the bending plate being automatically returned to a starting position after it has turned through a required bending angle.
- cams for instance can be used to make such adjustments, with these cams being inserted in various holes on the periphery of a disc which rotates with the bending plate.
- the bending operation can be set to continue automatically after a preselected bending angle has been achieved, so that the spring-back already mentioned is compensated for.
- a standing value indicator can be used, by means of which the drive remains switched on, after a predetermined-bending angle has been achieved, for a further time which is the same as the idlingtime,-namely the time taken by the bending plate initially until its bending tools are loaded and the initial resilience of the rod to be bent has been taken up.
- a test bend must first of all be made and measured in order for the standing value indicator to be set, said indicator comprising, for example, a potentiometer which can vary the timeconstants of an RC network.
- the object of this invention is to provide an improved bending machine of the type described in the introduction so'that such test bends or measuring operations are not needed except for a single test bar bend.
- a bending machine for bending metal rods having a rotatable bending platewhich carries a centrally disposed bending tool and at least one eccentric bending tool, a series of electrical contact means rotatable with said bending plate and angularly spaced at positions corresponding to the nominal value of various required bends, impulse transmitting means actuable by said contact means on rotationthereof, a counter for recording impulses received from said impulse transmitting means and means for pre-setting in said counter a pre-determined number of impulses corresponding to any given required bending angleand means for reversing the angular movement'of said bending'platesoas to return it to a zero position at a moment when the number of impulses transmitted by said impulse transmitting means corresponds to the number of impulses pre-set in said counter, characterized in that, for any given nominal bending angle, means are provided for delaying, by a preselected variable period, the moment at which the number of impulses transmitted by said impulse transmitting means correspond
- the electrical contact means are arranged for convenience on adisc which rotates with the bending plate, saidcontact means actuating an impulse transmitter of which the impulses are recorded .by a switch meter or counter which can be adjusted by an adjusting switch on which the bending angles are marked, to a number of impulses corresponding to the pre-selectedbending angle.
- Said contact means may comprise a' single contact at each of a plurality of positions corresponding to the required nominal bending angles and in this case the contacts'may be adjusted by a common adjusting device, on which then only the ratio of the bending tool diameter/rod diameter has still to-be adjusted. Due
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary plan view showing means whereby the position of an electrical contact on the ad justingdisc can be varied
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an alternative form of adjusting disc and means, associated with said disc, for setting various bending angles.
- the bending machine shown therein has a bending plate 1 which carries a central bending tool 2 and an eccentric bending tool 3. Between said bending tools, a rod 4 which is to be bent is placed, said rod being supported in a known way is driven with the bending plate by any suitable andconventional drive means (not shown) such as an electric motor, with said disc 9 supporting in addition to a zero contact 10 at least th'reefurther contacts (not shown) atpositions ll, "12 and 13 corresponding to bending angles 45, 90 and 180.
- the contacts are arranged to actuate animpulse transmitting means including contacts indicated by reference numeral 14 the impulses from whichare counted-in a manner which is not the subject of the present invention, whereby after a specific number'of impulses, the aforesaid motor or drive means will be stopped and reversed to return the bending plate to its initial position.
- the contacts 11 and 12 are shown on the righthand side of the disc 9 as seen in the drawing. It will be appreciated, however, that in practice similar contacts will be provided on the left-hand side of the disc 9 since, of course, it may be required to drive the bending plate 1,-togetherwith the disc 9, in a clockwise direction as well as an anti-clockwise direction depending on what kind of bend is required. All suchcontacts are arranged, however, so that on passing the contacts 14(whichare connected in an impulse transmitting circuit) an impulse will be transmitted to a counter (not shown) which can be of any known form.
- a preselected number of impulse's' can be set in such 'a counter so that the'number of such pre-set impulses is compared with the number of impulses received from the impulse transmitting circuit of which the contacts 14 form apart.
- the aforesaid counter is arranged so that a signal is'applied to the drive motor of the bending plate to cause'such drive motor to be reversed in order to return the bending plate to its initial position.
- FIG. 2 shows a part of an adjusting disc 9 in which two successive contacts indicated by reference numer als I5 and 16 can be seen. These contactors can slide along arcuate slits l7 and 18, for which purpose a forked end 19 of a lever ZO-engageseach contact, with said fork being slit in a radial direction.
- Each lever 20 has a fulcrum 21 which is connected to the adjusting disc 9, whereby the positions of the fulcrum points 21,
- a further but smaller. disc 23 is mounted concen-. trically onthe adjusting disc 9, with said disc 23 being constructed with slotted brackets or slits 24 and 25, into which the inner ends of 'said levers project.
- the disc 23 is provided with a scale 26 which can be set against a mark 27 on the disc 9, the scale being marked with a plurality of various values for the ratio of bending tool diameter to rod diameter, i.e., the distance 7 divided by the distance 8.
- the hardness of rods being bent bythe bending machine will not alter significantly. If, however, the hardness does vary to an extent which makes it necessary to vary the above-mentioned factor within the range stated, then the radial positions of said fulcrum points are altered and this can be effected by arranging that said fulcrum points 21 and 22 are themselves mounted in radially extending slits so that their radial positions on the disc 9 can be varied.
- an adjusting disc 9 shown therein has further contacts 15',
- an impulse transmitting means having contacts similar to the contacts indicated diagrammatically by reference 14 in FIG. 1, is also actuated by these contacts 15 and 15 or 16 and 16'.
- the impulses from said transmitting means are then supplied to an impulse counter 30 which is set to a specific pre-determined number of impulses by means of an adjusting switch 31, and which then controls the electric motor'driving the bending plate through an electric conduit 32 connected thereto.
- an adjusting disc 33 which has various angle markings 34.
- a shaft 35 and a shaft 36 are disposed between the adjusting disc 33 and the adjusting switch 31 and are connected together by a gear 37 which is infinitely variable in the range of l l to l L1.
- This gear can, for instance, as shown be made up of two frusto-conical parts 38 and 39 which are connected together by a belt 40 which can be moved in an axial direction.
- An adjusting fork 41 is provided for adjusting the position of the belt 40, with said fork having a part movable in a slot 42.
- There is also an indicator 43 which points to a scale 44 on which the various values of the ratio of tool diameter/rod diameter (seven-eighths) as before can be adjusted. In this way a specific bending angle can be set by adjusting disc 33.
- the aforementioned factor dependent upon the hardness of the rod being bent, will normally remain constant at the preferred value of 0.0063. If, however, it is required to vary this factor because of varying hardness of the rod being bent, then suitable compensation can be effected by moving the two parts 38 and 39 of the gear 37 axially relative to each other, with means being provided to ensure that the tension of the belt 40 is correctly adjusted.
- the aforementioned factor, dependent upon the hardness of the rod, can also be adjusted by arranging so that the fork 41 is, in addition to being movable to right or left along the 6 slot 42, is also pivotable, for example, about apivot which connects said fork 41 to a slide which moves in said slot 42.
- a dial can be mounted on such pivot and on this dial would be marked various values tor can easily be set.
- the number of impulses pre-set in the counter 30 can be varied in order to delay the moment when impulses received by operation of the contacts 15, 15', 16 and 16 equal the number of pre-set impulses in order that the bending plate drive motor can be reversed.
- the number of pre-set impulses will remain the same but the appropriate delay to compensate for spring-back is achieved by altering the positions of the contacts themselves on the disc 9.
- a bending machine for bending metal rods having a rotatable bending plate which carries a centrally disposed bending'tool and at least one eccentric tool,'a-series of electrical contact means rotatable with said bending plate and angularly spaced atpositions corresponding to the nominal value of various required bends, impulse transmitting means actuable by said contact means on rotation thereof, a counter for-recording impulses received from said impulse transmitting means and means for pre-setting, in said counter, a pre-determined number of impulses corresponding to any given required bending angleand means for reversing the angular movement of said bending plate so as to return it to a zero position at a moment when the number of impulses transmitted by said impulse transmitting means corresponds to the number of impulses pre-set in said counter, characterized in that, for any given nominal bending angle, means are provided for delaying, by a preselected variable period, the moment at which the number of impulses transmitted by said impulse transmitting means corresponds to the number of impulses pre
- said electrical contact means comprises a single contact at each of a plurality of angularly spaced positions corresponding to said nominal bending angles, the contacts being mounted on a disc rotatable with the bending plate and wherein said delaying means comprises means for angularly retarding said contacts on said disc.
- each contact is mounted for movement in an arcuate slot formed in said disc and is engageable by one end of a radially extending lever pivotally connected intermediate its ends on said disc, the other ends of said levers being engageable by a rotatable adjusting member and the pivots of said levers being disposed at varying distances from the ends thereof engageable with said contacts whereby rotation of said adjusting member will simultaneously pivot said levers so that the contacts will be moved in their arcuate slots sponding' to a plurality of nominal bending angles and wherein said delaying means comprises means for increasing, by a pre-selected, variable amount, the num ber of impulses pre-set in said counter'for any required bending angle.
- said means for increasing the number of impulses pre-set in said counter comprises a rotatable setting member and an adjusting switch which are interconnected by means of a variable-ratio gear.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2058793A DE2058793C2 (de) | 1970-11-30 | 1970-11-30 | Einrichtung an einer Biegemaschine für Stäbe aus Betonstahl |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3812694A true US3812694A (en) | 1974-05-28 |
Family
ID=5789479
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00203340A Expired - Lifetime US3812694A (en) | 1970-11-30 | 1971-11-30 | Bending machine for metal rods |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3812694A (de) |
AT (1) | AT318351B (de) |
BE (1) | BE775828A (de) |
CH (1) | CH530828A (de) |
DE (1) | DE2058793C2 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2115157B1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1361033A (de) |
IT (1) | IT941386B (de) |
NL (1) | NL173368C (de) |
SU (1) | SU416927A3 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA717284B (de) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4408471A (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1983-10-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Press brake having spring-back compensating adaptive control |
US4511976A (en) * | 1982-07-06 | 1985-04-16 | Cincinnati Incorporated | Press brake having spring back compensation stroke reversal control |
US4627255A (en) * | 1983-02-12 | 1986-12-09 | Usm Corporation | Apparatus for bending metal strip |
WO2009083770A1 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2009-07-09 | Alenia Aermacchi S.P.A. | Method for bending pipes |
CN103495629A (zh) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-08 | 天津二十冶建设有限公司 | 一种小口径介质管道煨弯机及其使用方法 |
CN104043758A (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-17 | 国网四川省电力公司成都市新都供电分公司 | 全自动电线弯折器 |
CN104325044A (zh) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-02-04 | 四川顶锐液压设备制造有限公司 | 钢筋弯曲机 |
CN105013978A (zh) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-04 | 河南省四达仙龙实业有限公司 | 一种折弯机的传动机构 |
CN106001173A (zh) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 | 测量管子弯曲回弹前后起弯点位移和延伸值的测量系统 |
CN109079053A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-25 | 刘丙汉 | 一种钢筋折弯机 |
CN112828189A (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-05-25 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司金华供电公司 | 一种导线弯折装置 |
CN113275480A (zh) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-20 | 宝业湖北建工集团有限公司 | 一种钢筋折弯用的套管 |
CN114749580A (zh) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-15 | 成都固特机械有限责任公司 | 一种钢筋全自动折弯生产线及工艺 |
CN116651987A (zh) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-29 | 浙江首承新能源科技有限公司 | 一种驱动模块及具有该模块的弯管机构和弯管机 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3903301A1 (de) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-10-05 | Frank Ebert | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum biegen von vorzugsweise stabfoermigem material |
CN108580741B (zh) * | 2017-07-25 | 2021-02-12 | 青岛农业大学 | 建筑用钢筋弯曲加工中心 |
CN112958660B (zh) * | 2021-02-20 | 2023-01-17 | 吉林隆源骐化工有限责任公司 | 一种锅炉省煤器管件制作折弯设备及其方法 |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3145756A (en) * | 1961-09-19 | 1964-08-25 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Numerically controlled tube bending machine |
US3156287A (en) * | 1961-12-12 | 1964-11-10 | Pines Engineering Co Inc | Control means for metal forming apparatus |
DE1244529B (de) * | 1961-09-01 | 1967-07-13 | Gustav Knipp | Vorrichtung fuer die Begrenzung der Biegewerkzeugdrehungen an Rohrbiegemaschinen |
US3352136A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1967-11-14 | Conrac Corp | Metal forming machine |
US3393543A (en) * | 1966-06-30 | 1968-07-23 | Gelder Machinery Inc Van | Rod bending apparatus |
US3407850A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1968-10-29 | Corning Glass Works | Wire bending apparatus |
US3459018A (en) * | 1966-02-04 | 1969-08-05 | Univ Court Of The Univ Of Glas | Method of and apparatus for bending bars |
US3512383A (en) * | 1969-04-21 | 1970-05-19 | Digital Machines Inc | Re-bar bender |
US3661002A (en) * | 1969-10-04 | 1972-05-09 | Peddinghaus Paul Ferd | Bending machine for bending reinforcing irons for concrete |
US3670541A (en) * | 1969-04-22 | 1972-06-20 | Peddinghaus Carl Ullrich Dr | Bending machine |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD62730A (de) * | ||||
DE1982790U (de) * | 1965-03-10 | 1968-04-04 | Hilgers Maschinen Und App Baua | Biegegradvorwaehl-einrichtung an rohrbiegemaschinen. |
DE6912355U (de) * | 1969-03-26 | 1969-10-09 | Banning Ag Maschinenfabrik J | Rohrbiegemaschine |
-
1970
- 1970-11-30 DE DE2058793A patent/DE2058793C2/de not_active Expired
-
1971
- 1971-09-23 AT AT824471A patent/AT318351B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-09-28 NL NLAANVRAGE7113300,A patent/NL173368C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-09-30 CH CH1424571A patent/CH530828A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-10-14 FR FR7136948A patent/FR2115157B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-10-20 SU SU1707389A patent/SU416927A3/ru active
- 1971-11-01 ZA ZA717284A patent/ZA717284B/xx unknown
- 1971-11-01 GB GB5060871A patent/GB1361033A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-11-25 BE BE775828A patent/BE775828A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-11-26 IT IT31674/71A patent/IT941386B/it active
- 1971-11-30 US US00203340A patent/US3812694A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1244529B (de) * | 1961-09-01 | 1967-07-13 | Gustav Knipp | Vorrichtung fuer die Begrenzung der Biegewerkzeugdrehungen an Rohrbiegemaschinen |
US3145756A (en) * | 1961-09-19 | 1964-08-25 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Numerically controlled tube bending machine |
US3156287A (en) * | 1961-12-12 | 1964-11-10 | Pines Engineering Co Inc | Control means for metal forming apparatus |
US3352136A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1967-11-14 | Conrac Corp | Metal forming machine |
US3459018A (en) * | 1966-02-04 | 1969-08-05 | Univ Court Of The Univ Of Glas | Method of and apparatus for bending bars |
US3393543A (en) * | 1966-06-30 | 1968-07-23 | Gelder Machinery Inc Van | Rod bending apparatus |
US3407850A (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1968-10-29 | Corning Glass Works | Wire bending apparatus |
US3512383A (en) * | 1969-04-21 | 1970-05-19 | Digital Machines Inc | Re-bar bender |
US3670541A (en) * | 1969-04-22 | 1972-06-20 | Peddinghaus Carl Ullrich Dr | Bending machine |
US3661002A (en) * | 1969-10-04 | 1972-05-09 | Peddinghaus Paul Ferd | Bending machine for bending reinforcing irons for concrete |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4408471A (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1983-10-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Press brake having spring-back compensating adaptive control |
US4511976A (en) * | 1982-07-06 | 1985-04-16 | Cincinnati Incorporated | Press brake having spring back compensation stroke reversal control |
US4627255A (en) * | 1983-02-12 | 1986-12-09 | Usm Corporation | Apparatus for bending metal strip |
WO2009083770A1 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2009-07-09 | Alenia Aermacchi S.P.A. | Method for bending pipes |
US20100281942A1 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2010-11-11 | Alenia Aermacchi S.P.A. | Method for bending pipes |
CN103495629A (zh) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-08 | 天津二十冶建设有限公司 | 一种小口径介质管道煨弯机及其使用方法 |
CN104043758A (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-17 | 国网四川省电力公司成都市新都供电分公司 | 全自动电线弯折器 |
CN104325044A (zh) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-02-04 | 四川顶锐液压设备制造有限公司 | 钢筋弯曲机 |
CN105013978A (zh) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-04 | 河南省四达仙龙实业有限公司 | 一种折弯机的传动机构 |
CN106001173A (zh) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 | 测量管子弯曲回弹前后起弯点位移和延伸值的测量系统 |
CN109079053A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-25 | 刘丙汉 | 一种钢筋折弯机 |
CN112828189A (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-05-25 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司金华供电公司 | 一种导线弯折装置 |
CN113275480A (zh) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-20 | 宝业湖北建工集团有限公司 | 一种钢筋折弯用的套管 |
CN114749580A (zh) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-15 | 成都固特机械有限责任公司 | 一种钢筋全自动折弯生产线及工艺 |
CN114749580B (zh) * | 2022-05-20 | 2024-05-03 | 成都固特机械有限责任公司 | 一种钢筋全自动折弯生产线及工艺 |
CN116651987A (zh) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-29 | 浙江首承新能源科技有限公司 | 一种驱动模块及具有该模块的弯管机构和弯管机 |
CN116651987B (zh) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-20 | 浙江首承新能源科技有限公司 | 一种驱动模块及具有该模块的弯管机构和弯管机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH530828A (de) | 1972-11-30 |
DE2058793C2 (de) | 1983-09-08 |
AT318351B (de) | 1974-10-10 |
SU416927A3 (de) | 1974-02-25 |
AU3531471A (en) | 1973-05-10 |
BE775828A (fr) | 1972-03-16 |
NL173368B (nl) | 1983-08-16 |
FR2115157B1 (de) | 1974-09-27 |
FR2115157A1 (de) | 1972-07-07 |
ZA717284B (en) | 1972-07-26 |
NL173368C (nl) | 1984-01-16 |
GB1361033A (en) | 1974-07-24 |
DE2058793A1 (de) | 1972-06-22 |
NL7113300A (de) | 1972-06-01 |
IT941386B (it) | 1973-03-01 |
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