US3811245A - Device for closing a bag - Google Patents

Device for closing a bag Download PDF

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Publication number
US3811245A
US3811245A US00287791A US28779172A US3811245A US 3811245 A US3811245 A US 3811245A US 00287791 A US00287791 A US 00287791A US 28779172 A US28779172 A US 28779172A US 3811245 A US3811245 A US 3811245A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bag
flaps
control means
support
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00287791A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Mosterd
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ADMINISTRATIE- EN AUTOMATISERINGSCENTRUM VULCAAN BV PROF EM A CORP OF NETHERLANDS
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3811245A publication Critical patent/US3811245A/en
Assigned to MOBA HOLDING BARNEVELD B.V. reassignment MOBA HOLDING BARNEVELD B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: VANDE KEMP, EVERDINA H.
Assigned to VAN DE KEMP, EVERDINA HENDRIKA reassignment VAN DE KEMP, EVERDINA HENDRIKA LETTERS OF TESTAMENTARY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MOSTERD, JACOD H.
Assigned to ADMINISTRATIE- EN AUTOMATISERINGSCENTRUM VULCAAN B.V. PROF. E.M. A CORP. OF THE NETHERLANDS reassignment ADMINISTRATIE- EN AUTOMATISERINGSCENTRUM VULCAAN B.V. PROF. E.M. A CORP. OF THE NETHERLANDS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MOBA HOLDING BARNEVELD B.V., A CORP.OF THE NETHERLANDS
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B67/00Apparatus or devices facilitating manual packaging operations; Sack holders
    • B65B67/12Sack holders, i.e. stands or frames with means for supporting sacks in the open condition to facilitate filling with articles or materials
    • B65B67/1244Sack holders, i.e. stands or frames with means for supporting sacks in the open condition to facilitate filling with articles or materials characterised by mechanisms for temporarily closing the mouth of the sack, e.g. pedal-operated
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22CPROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C21/00Processing poultry
    • A22C21/0038Trussing poultry
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B25/00Packaging other articles presenting special problems
    • B65B25/06Packaging slices or specially-shaped pieces of meat, cheese, or other plastic or tacky products
    • B65B25/064Packaging slices or specially-shaped pieces of meat, cheese, or other plastic or tacky products of poultry
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B67/00Apparatus or devices facilitating manual packaging operations; Sack holders
    • B65B67/12Sack holders, i.e. stands or frames with means for supporting sacks in the open condition to facilitate filling with articles or materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B67/00Apparatus or devices facilitating manual packaging operations; Sack holders
    • B65B67/12Sack holders, i.e. stands or frames with means for supporting sacks in the open condition to facilitate filling with articles or materials
    • B65B2067/1283Means for gathering, closing or sealing the sacks

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The invention provides an apparatus for automatically retaining a filled bag by means of controlled flaps.
  • the retaining apparatus is further pivotably mounted, enabling cooperating with closure means which preferably consists of a twisting device,
  • closure means which preferably consists of a twisting device
  • the invention relates to a device for packing one or more objects in a bag provided with a support for a bag containing said objects. 7
  • the object or the objects has or have been pressed or modelled in the bag it is of special'impor-tance to maintain the form and mutual position of the objects.
  • a device for packing one or more objects ina bag provided with a support for a bag containing said objects is characterized in that the said support is provided with movable flaps and in that control means are present for moving said flaps from a first open position in which the flaps are spaced from each other, into a second closed position (FIG. 4) in which the flaps are nearer to each other than in the said first position.
  • the said support and flaps are tiltably mounted and further control means'are present fortilting said support and flaps.
  • FIG. 4 shows the detail of FIG. 3 in a further position
  • FIG. 5 shows the same detail in still a further position
  • FIG. 6 shows a section of a further detail of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 shows a view from below of part of FIG. 1,1
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized by a closure means-provided with anoblong gripping means for gripping the upper portion of a bag protruding from said flaps and with V-shaped claw means movably mounted from a first position near the ends of said gripping means to the centre of'said means and with a gripping control means.
  • a simple and cheap embodiment consists in that the whole device is mounted on a frame movablealong a predetermined track. This embodiment allows the derivation of all control actions from stationary guides and other members located along said track, so that an accurate control is possible without .pneumatical, hydraulical. electrical or electro-magnetical power and control means.
  • a conveyor (not shown) bears a number of devices for supporting and closing filled bags, one of said devices being described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 9.
  • the path of the conveyor has'a portion, in which an apparatus for modelling and filling bags (not shown) is mounted above the shown device for supporting and closing the filled bags.
  • the apparatus for supporting and for closing the bags moves parallel with an apparatus (not shown) for delivering a filled open bag.
  • the supporting and closing device is mounted on a frame 100, which by means of rollers l0l rests on a guide 102, which has a fixed height position.
  • Frame is provided with uprights 103 and 104.
  • Uprights 103 and 104 bear a frame member 105, to which a pair of ball bearings 106 and 107 are attached.
  • Ball bearings 106 and 107 bear a shaft 108, which at its back side is provided with a pinion 109 and with a pair of control arms 110 and 111 supporting control-rollers 112 and 113 respectively.
  • the frame member 105 is furthermore provided with an arm 114, to which a shaft 115 is attached bearing a swivel arm 116.
  • Said arm has a slot 117, which via a'pin 118 cooperates with a sleeve 119 which is rotatably and shiftably mounted on shaft 108.
  • a roller 120 is rotatably mounted on the end of arm 116, which roller can cooperate with a stationary guide 121 (FIG. 6).
  • a frame 122 is mounted on a sleeve 119, the lower side of said frame resting on supwhich a ball bearing 125 is provided.
  • a transverse strip 127 is mounted on the left end of shaft .108, said transverse strip having-a square recess 128.
  • a beam 129 can fall in said recess, which beam 129 is mounted on the end of a swivel arm 130, which itself is rotatably mounted on a shaft 131, which is supported by a support 132, which is fixedly connected with shaft 108.
  • a further support 133 is also fixedly connected with shaft 108 and supports a pivot 134, to which an arm 135 is attached, having at its end a bent portion with a control slot 136 in it.
  • a pin 137 that is mounted on arm can slide in said slot.
  • Arm is by means of a pivot connection 138 connected with a rod 139, which is fixedly connected with the inner side of the bearing 140, the outer side of said bearing being fixedly attached in plate 124.
  • a pivot connection 138 connected with a rod 139, which is fixedly connected with the inner side of the bearing 140, the outer side of said bearing being fixedly attached in plate 124.
  • FIG. 7 shows a view from below of the apparatus of FIG. 1, with which, however, details are drawn, which, for clearitys sake, lack in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6.
  • bearing 140 supports a T-shaped piece 141, on the ends of which guide pins 142 are mounted. Said pins protrude in guide slots 143, recessed in plates 144, which at 145 are rotatably mounted on a frame 146,
  • a U-shaped member 154 is furthermore mounted to upright 104, said U-shaped member at its other endlFIG. 1) being provided with a supporting arm 155, at the end of which a guide roll 156 is mounted, running on a guide 157.
  • Said guide always takes the same height, but can be adjusted in height direction when poultry having a different size has to be packed.
  • U-shaped member 154 furthermore bears a shaft 158, on which a lever l59 is mounted, bearing on one end a follower roll 160 and on its other end .
  • said cup shaped member 162 supports an arm 163, which by .means'of.
  • a pivot 164 bears a double lever,-con sisting on the one hand of a bent arm 165 and on the other hand ofa flap I66.
  • Arm 165 is under the influence of a tension spring 167, which is fixedly connected with the cup shaped member 162.
  • an abutment 168 is pivotally mounted on arm 165.
  • a roller 169 is mounted on a side arm of abutment 168. When roller 169 is moved upwardsby means of a guide 169' (vide FIG. 2), the
  • roller 161 moves to the left, so that roller 161 causes bent am to swing counter clockwise about the pivot 164, which causes the swinging to the left of flap 166.
  • roller 16] begins its locking task after passing beyond the end of the abutment 168.
  • roller 160 cooperates with a guide 176, so that the entirety 159, 162, 166, swings about shaft 158 parts belonging thereto, mounted on shaft 108, is rotated by means of the cooperation of the pinion 109 and toothed rack 149 (FIG. 8).
  • the strip and beam 127 and 129 and claws 148 rotate together with shaft 108, which is driven by pinion 109, the bag is twisted.
  • guide 176 runs back somewhat, so that the entirety 159-173 rotates somewhat to the left about shaft 158. This leads to it that the twisted tail of the bag obtained by the rotation of the strips 127-129 and claws'l48, is formed near the flap 166.
  • the bag can be closed by means (not shown) using either a. thread, a staple or heat sealing.
  • roller 169 contacts ,an' abutment. (not shown), so that arm 168 is swung clockwise and hence locking roller 161 is unlocked, whereupon under the influence ofspring 167 the two flaps 170 and 166 open again and take the position of FIG. 3.
  • Frame 100 is mounted on an endless belt (not shown) which has a horizontal portion, in which the above described events take place, then has a turn off downwards and then a lower path. With said downward turn off the chicken packed in a bag leaves the entirety and then can be removed in any suitable way. 7
  • the horizontal axis indicatesthe location along the path of the conveyor.
  • the flaps 170, 166 are opened. After this they may receive a bag.
  • they are closed.
  • this guide 176 becomes active and tilts the support with the flaps into the closed position.
  • Guide 121 first activates the V-shaped claws 148 and then the beam 129. Then toothed rack 149 rotates pinion 100. During this rotational movement guide 176 causes the support to tilt back again with the flaps which results in stretching the bag.
  • a device for packing one or more objects in a bag comprising a frame movably mounted along a predetermined track, said frame having a tiltably mounted support for a bag containing said object or objects, two flaps pivotably mounted with respect to said support and defining the entrance to said support, first control means for pivoting said flaps from a first open position into a second position in which the flaps are nearer to each other than in the said first position, interlocking means for locking said flaps in their said second position, second control means for tilting said support together with said flaps, and third control means for-uh! locking said interlocking means, first, second and third control means unlock said interlocking means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Closing Of Containers (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Container Filling Or Packaging Operations (AREA)
  • Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
US00287791A 1971-09-10 1972-09-11 Device for closing a bag Expired - Lifetime US3811245A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL717112520A NL148272B (nl) 1971-09-10 1971-09-10 Inrichting voor het modelleren van gevogelte.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3811245A true US3811245A (en) 1974-05-21

Family

ID=19814003

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00287791A Expired - Lifetime US3811245A (en) 1971-09-10 1972-09-11 Device for closing a bag
US00287840A Expired - Lifetime US3817167A (en) 1971-09-10 1972-09-11 Device for packing poultry
US00287829A Expired - Lifetime US3803799A (en) 1971-09-10 1972-09-11 Device for packing objects in a bag
US287790A Expired - Lifetime US3864787A (en) 1971-09-10 1972-09-11 Device for modelling poultry (part 1)

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00287840A Expired - Lifetime US3817167A (en) 1971-09-10 1972-09-11 Device for packing poultry
US00287829A Expired - Lifetime US3803799A (en) 1971-09-10 1972-09-11 Device for packing objects in a bag
US287790A Expired - Lifetime US3864787A (en) 1971-09-10 1972-09-11 Device for modelling poultry (part 1)

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (4) US3811245A (xx)
BE (4) BE788529A (xx)
DE (4) DE2243946A1 (xx)
DK (4) DK136413B (xx)
ES (4) ES406343A1 (xx)
FR (4) FR2152168A5 (xx)
GB (4) GB1379777A (xx)
IT (4) IT967186B (xx)
NL (4) NL148272B (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0068562A1 (en) * 1981-06-17 1983-01-05 Administratie- en Automatiseringscentrum Vulcaan B.V. Device for dressing poultry
US4494364A (en) * 1980-04-24 1985-01-22 Pieter Meyn Apparatus for packing fowls in plastic bags
US5170609A (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-12-15 Hershey Foods Corporation Fluidic deflator means and method for article packaging
US5271208A (en) * 1992-08-24 1993-12-21 Inpaco Corporation Method and apparatus for picking up and reshaping a fluid filled bag

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7603625A (nl) * 1976-04-07 1977-10-11 Moba Bv Apparatenbouw Inrichting voor het modelleren van gevogelte.
DE2638003C2 (de) * 1976-08-24 1982-09-02 Vemag Verdener Maschinen- und Apparatebau GmbH, 2810 Verden Vorrichtung zum Füllen von grobstückigem elastischem Füllgut in Dosen oder Formen
NL7713638A (nl) * 1977-12-09 1979-06-12 Moba Holding Barneveld Bv Modelleerinrichting voor gevogelte.
NL7713639A (nl) * 1977-12-09 1979-06-12 Moba Holding Barneveld Bv Inrichting voor het modelleren of verpakken van een voorwerp.
NL7713637A (nl) * 1977-12-09 1979-06-12 Moba Holding Barneveld Bv Haak voor het ophangen van een gevogelte en inrichting voorzien van een dergelijke haak.
NL7713640A (nl) * 1977-12-09 1979-06-12 Moba Holding Barneveld Bv Inrichting voor het verwerken van voorwerpen.
NL8102374A (nl) * 1981-05-14 1982-12-01 Moba Holding Barneveld Bv Inrichting voor het verpakken van een vogel.
US4458380A (en) * 1982-07-23 1984-07-10 W. R. Grace & Co., Cryovac Div. On line automatic poultry shaper
US4513476A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-04-30 Cagle's, Inc. Apparatus for processing poultry
DE8811289U1 (de) * 1988-09-07 1990-01-04 Spang & Brands Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co, 6382 Friedrichsdorf Schweißverschlußvorrichtung für Kunststoffbeutel
US5029431A (en) * 1990-01-16 1991-07-09 Weening Frederick A Method and apparatus for packing containers
DE4215546A1 (de) * 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Dixie Union Verpackungen Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Einlegen von Verpackungsgut in Mulden
NL1009708C2 (nl) * 1998-07-22 2000-01-25 Food Processing Systems Inrichting voor het in een doos plaatsen van in althans één richting a-symmetrische producten zoals bijvoorbeeld voor consumptie bestemde, verpakte gevogeltekadavers.
CN108502236B (zh) * 2018-04-15 2023-12-08 浙江师范大学 盆栽装箱辅助装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2246243A (en) * 1938-09-26 1941-06-17 Package Machinery Co Machine for wrapping lollipops
US2987862A (en) * 1957-05-28 1961-06-13 Hansel Otto Apparatus for packing small objects, especially chocolate bodies, candies, or the like
US3131522A (en) * 1961-06-07 1964-05-05 Chocolate Spraying Co Automatic wrapping machines for preformed uniform articles
US3279149A (en) * 1961-06-07 1966-10-18 Chocolate Spraying Co Automatic article processing mechanism for timed continuous operation
US3342015A (en) * 1964-10-09 1967-09-19 Tenchi Kikai Company Inc Article wrapping machine
US3488915A (en) * 1966-09-15 1970-01-13 Fmc Corp Package filling and sealing systems

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US1893610A (en) * 1931-02-09 1933-01-10 Bemis Bro Bag Co Bag closing machine
US2560067A (en) * 1949-06-25 1951-07-10 Leland J Bell Device for folding the legs of an eviscerated bird
US2739347A (en) * 1952-10-10 1956-03-27 Barker Poultry Equipment Co Poultry shackle
US2946166A (en) * 1956-07-05 1960-07-26 Continental Can Co Poultry packaging machine and method
US2888153A (en) * 1956-12-07 1959-05-26 Budd Co Work handling apparatus for sheet forming presses and the like
US2885850A (en) * 1956-12-10 1959-05-12 Barker Poultry Equipment Compa Commodity packaging machine
US3050918A (en) * 1959-04-16 1962-08-28 Bemis Bro Bag Co Automatic bag feeding machine
US3082475A (en) * 1960-02-11 1963-03-26 Hydrahone Equipment Company Turkey leg flexor
US3213487A (en) * 1961-06-20 1965-10-26 Johnson Co Gordon Bird tying machine
US3245340A (en) * 1964-05-14 1966-04-12 Ruben A Logbeck Meat processing machine
GB1098918A (en) * 1966-09-05 1968-01-10 Howard Andrew Broersma Packing machine for nursery stock
US3474489A (en) * 1967-02-21 1969-10-28 Commodity Marketers Inc Machine for tying carcasses
US3601951A (en) * 1969-05-15 1971-08-31 Holstein & Kappert Maschf Apparatus for introducing bottles into crates or the like
DE6926951U (de) * 1969-07-07 1969-11-06 Willem Josef Hoens Vorrichtung zum verpacken von gefluegel
US3685096A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-08-22 Gainesville Machine Co Inc Apparatus for eviscerating chickens or other fowl
US3675272A (en) * 1970-08-26 1972-07-11 Henry Neil Schacht Method of cutting and packing poultry

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2246243A (en) * 1938-09-26 1941-06-17 Package Machinery Co Machine for wrapping lollipops
US2987862A (en) * 1957-05-28 1961-06-13 Hansel Otto Apparatus for packing small objects, especially chocolate bodies, candies, or the like
US3131522A (en) * 1961-06-07 1964-05-05 Chocolate Spraying Co Automatic wrapping machines for preformed uniform articles
US3279149A (en) * 1961-06-07 1966-10-18 Chocolate Spraying Co Automatic article processing mechanism for timed continuous operation
US3342015A (en) * 1964-10-09 1967-09-19 Tenchi Kikai Company Inc Article wrapping machine
US3488915A (en) * 1966-09-15 1970-01-13 Fmc Corp Package filling and sealing systems

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4494364A (en) * 1980-04-24 1985-01-22 Pieter Meyn Apparatus for packing fowls in plastic bags
EP0068562A1 (en) * 1981-06-17 1983-01-05 Administratie- en Automatiseringscentrum Vulcaan B.V. Device for dressing poultry
US5170609A (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-12-15 Hershey Foods Corporation Fluidic deflator means and method for article packaging
US5271208A (en) * 1992-08-24 1993-12-21 Inpaco Corporation Method and apparatus for picking up and reshaping a fluid filled bag

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3817167A (en) 1974-06-18
NL7112520A (xx) 1973-03-13
BE788528A (nl) 1973-01-02
NL7410090A (xx) 1974-10-25
GB1379777A (en) 1975-01-08
BE788529A (fr) 1973-01-02
FR2154470A1 (xx) 1973-05-11
DE2244103A1 (de) 1973-03-15
DE2244103C2 (de) 1981-11-26
DK136240B (da) 1977-09-12
DE2243901B2 (de) 1977-09-01
IT967190B (it) 1974-02-28
NL151945B (nl) 1977-01-17
NL7410088A (xx) 1974-10-25
DK138532B (da) 1978-09-25
DK136413C (xx) 1978-03-13
DE2244102A1 (de) 1973-03-22
IT967186B (it) 1974-02-28
DK138532C (xx) 1979-03-05
IT967301B (it) 1974-02-28
GB1379778A (en) 1975-01-08
ES406445A1 (es) 1975-07-16
US3864787A (en) 1975-02-11
IT967302B (it) 1974-02-28
NL7410087A (xx) 1974-10-25
DE2243946A1 (de) 1973-03-15
DK137894B (da) 1978-05-29
GB1378226A (en) 1974-12-27
NL151948B (nl) 1977-01-17
BE788526A (nl) 1973-01-02
ES406389A1 (es) 1976-01-16
ES406343A1 (es) 1976-06-01
NL148272B (nl) 1976-01-15
FR2242870A5 (xx) 1975-03-28
DK136413B (da) 1977-10-10
DE2243901A1 (de) 1973-03-15
GB1379776A (en) 1975-01-08
FR2154470B1 (xx) 1974-07-05
BE788527A (nl) 1973-01-02
US3803799A (en) 1974-04-16
FR2152168A5 (xx) 1973-04-20
NL153493B (nl) 1977-06-15
FR2152169A5 (xx) 1973-04-20
DK137894C (xx) 1978-10-30
ES406422A1 (es) 1976-01-16
DK136240C (xx) 1978-02-13
DE2243901C3 (de) 1978-04-20

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: VAN DE KEMP, EVERDINA HENDRIKA

Free format text: LETTERS OF TESTAMENTARY;ASSIGNOR:MOSTERD, JACOD H.;REEL/FRAME:003820/0117

Effective date: 19780712

AS Assignment

Owner name: ADMINISTRATIE- EN AUTOMATISERINGSCENTRUM VULCAAN B

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MOBA HOLDING BARNEVELD B.V., A CORP.OF THE NETHERLANDS;REEL/FRAME:004152/0929

Effective date: 19830704