US3595946A - Process for the production of carbon filaments from coal tar pitch - Google Patents

Process for the production of carbon filaments from coal tar pitch Download PDF

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Publication number
US3595946A
US3595946A US734257A US73425768A US3595946A US 3595946 A US3595946 A US 3595946A US 734257 A US734257 A US 734257A US 73425768 A US73425768 A US 73425768A US 3595946 A US3595946 A US 3595946A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pitch
filaments
temperature
coal tar
filament
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US734257A
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English (en)
Inventor
Louis A Joo
John A Mckee
Frederick L Shea
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo NV
Original Assignee
Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd filed Critical Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
Priority to US734257A priority Critical patent/US3595946A/en
Priority to GB1225726D priority patent/GB1225726A/en
Priority to DE1925609A priority patent/DE1925609C3/de
Priority to FR6917831A priority patent/FR2010075A1/fr
Priority to JP4173969A priority patent/JPS4637786B1/ja
Priority to US00084896A priority patent/US3718493A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3595946A publication Critical patent/US3595946A/en
Assigned to MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY A NY CORP. reassignment MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY A NY CORP. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GREAT LAKES CARBON CORPORATION, A DE CORP
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to FORTAFIL FIBERS, INC., A DE CORP. reassignment FORTAFIL FIBERS, INC., A DE CORP. RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY
Assigned to AKZO N.V., ARNHEM, THE NETHERLANDS reassignment AKZO N.V., ARNHEM, THE NETHERLANDS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GREAT LAKES CARBON CORPORATION
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/145—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from pitch or distillation residues
    • D01F9/15—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from pitch or distillation residues from coal pitch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/19—Inorganic fiber

Definitions

  • Carbon filaments are made from specially treated high temperature coal tar pitch.
  • the pitch is filtered, heat treated and its low molecular weight components are removed by distillation.
  • the treated pitch is spun into filaments, the filaments partially oxidized and then carbonized under carefully regulated conditions to yield filamentary carbon having a tensile strength of more than 100,000 p.s.i.
  • the filaments may be graphitized.
  • Carbon fibers have been produced from organic polymer fibers such as rayon or polyacrylonitrile by subjecting the latter to a regulated carbonization, preceded, in the case of fusible polymers, by a controlled oxidation to an infusible state.
  • a difiiculty with this type of approach has been the low yield of carbon available from synthetic polymers.
  • Satisfactory carbon fibers have also been made from molten decomposition products of synthetic polymeric materials such as polyvinylchloride, polyvinyl acetate, and from fusible carbon-yielding materials like blown asphalt and petroleum pitch.
  • the fusible material is spun into fibers, oxidized and carbonized to yield carbon fibers possessing strengths of over 100,000 p.s.i.
  • coal tar pitch however, these measures have failed and the art does not provide any successful method for the satisfactory spinning of pitches of coal tar origin and for their subsequent conversion into useful carbon fibers having properties comparable to those possessed by carbon fibers from other raw materials.
  • the pitch filament is oxidized in one or more stages in an oxidizing medium and then carbonized at a temperature in the vicinity of 1000 C. in an inert atmosphere. If desired, the resulting carbon filament may be graphitized by heating in an inert atmosphere at elevated temperatures.
  • the raw materials from which the fibers of the invention are spun consist of commercially available high temperature coal tar pitches having a ring-and-ball softening point (A.S.T.M. method) within the range of 70 to 250 C.
  • A.S.T.M. method ring-and-ball softening point within the range of 70 to 250 C.
  • all softening points in the text of this application are ring-and-ball softening points and all percentages are on a weight basis.
  • those preferred have a softening point within the range of to 200 C.
  • a critical operation in the transformation process of the invention is the removal of the quinoline insolubles from the coal tar pitch selected.
  • Quinoline insolubles represent material which is not soluble in the pitch at spinning temperature or, in other words, which forms an undesirable second phase. This removal is generally done before heat treating and distilling the pitch. This sequence of operations however is not binding, especially when a pitch of low quinoline insoluble content is employed.
  • the pitch may be diluted in an appropriate solvent, filtered or centrifuged and recovered.
  • the solvents usable for this purpose are generally speaking any aromatic liquid having a boiling point or range between about 200 and 400 C., provided that the major liquifiable portion of the coal tar pitch is soluble in it.
  • Said liquid should also be removable from the filtered pitch solution at temperatures preferably not exceeding 300 C., either at atmospheric pressure or under reduced pressure.
  • examples of usable liquids which fit these specifications are light creosote oil, anthracene oil, phenanthrene, quinoline, highly aromatic petroleum fractions and the like.
  • the dilution of the pitch and the subsequent filtration can be carried out at any temperature within a range going from the softening point of the pitch to about 300 C. Proportions of solvents to pitch vary with the viscosity of the substrate at the temperatures selected. In general, a dilution of 1:1 at a temperature of about 200 C. has been found convenient.
  • the diluted pitch is then filtered to remove the undissolved material. This may be accomplished in a number of manners with known equipment, provided of course that the foraminous member of this equipment can withstand the filtration conditions. Fritted glass and porous stainless steel septums having openings of about 10 microns in average diameter are satisfactory. The filtration process may be facilitated and improved in a conventional manner by additions of known filter aids to the pitch liquid.
  • the number of actual filtrations and their timing may vary according to several factors such as viscosity of the pitch liquid, amount and nature of undissolved solids, temperature, pressure and the like.
  • at least one filtration is required for the purpose of this invention and that it may be carried out on liquid solvent diluted or undiluted pitch at any stage before the actual passage of the pitch through the filament-forming spinneret.
  • the solvent is removed by evaporation preferably under reduced pressure at about C., in any event, at a temperature not exceeding 300 C.
  • the separation of the undesirable second phase may be ac complished by centrifugation rather than filtration, although the latter technique is preferred in most instances.
  • the coal tar pitch to be used for spinning filaments is heat treated and distilled to improve its molecular weight range. Either or both of these treatments may be carried out, as indicated earlier, before, after or between filtrations.
  • the pitch is distilled at a temperature within the range of about 280 to 305 to remove its lower molecular weight components. This may be accomplished by any conventional method including distillation under reduced pressure, steam distillation and so on, using any conventional equipment such as a molecular still and the like, provided the temperature limits are respected.
  • the pitch is heat soaked at similar temperatures for a period of about 10 to 100 hours or more under pressures which may range from less than one atmosphere to more than one atmosphere. The actual length of this heat treatment depends of course on the nature of the pitch components as well as on other factors.
  • Polymerization can also be favored by incorporating within the pitch various oxidizing, dehydrogenating and polymerizing agents which may shorten the heat treatment or lower the operating temperature.
  • suitable materials which may accomplish these ends are included organic and inorganic peroxides and high boiling nitro-aromatic compounds such as nitronaphthalene and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, and the like.
  • the heat treatment must be carried in such a manner and under such conditions, within the limits already described, that there is produced a spinnable pitch having a softening point or range within 230 and 320 C., and a quinoline insoluble content of less than 2%.
  • Preferred pitches within these limits are those which soften between 240 and 260 C. and contain no second phase at spinning temperatures or below.
  • the heat treated coal tar pitch prepared in the manner described is then spun into a continuous filament through a nozzle or spinneret with an internal diameter appropriate for the thickness of filament required.
  • the pitch is metled at a temperature between its melting point and about 300 C. and the melt is extruded through the spinnerets orifice by sufiicient nitrogen pressure to achieve a satisfactory rate or by other conventional means such as a metering pump, a piston and the like.
  • the actual pressure and tem erature used depend on the properties of the heat treated pitch used as well as upon each other. In this respect, it has been found that a pitch of the type prescribed by this invention can be spun satisfactorily under a driving N pressure of about 80 p.s.i.
  • the filament produced emerges in air and is stretched and taken up on a conventional textile winder at a fixed speed, e.g. at 250 to 300 meters per minute. Filaments with diameters ranging from about 5 microns and higher can thus be produced.
  • Extrusion of the filament at high temperature initiates an oxidation process which may be intensified by passing the filament through an oxidizing atmosphere for a length of time sufficient to create the infusibility required by the subsequent carbonization treatment.
  • Suitable oxidizing media for this purpose include air; ozone in air; oxygen blended with air, flue gases or inert gases; vapors or mists of nitroaromatic compounds such as nitrobenzene, nitrophenol, alpha-nitronaphthalene, nitrotoluene, nitrochlorobenzene and the like; oxidizing gases such as sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, nitric oxide and the like.
  • the filament may be cooled to a temperature below its fusing point and then passed through liquid oxidizing baths of the above mentioned nitroaromatics or of other oxidizing liquids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, chromic acid, permanganate solutions and the like.
  • the oxidation of filament wound in packages must follow a fairly critical heating regime if the superimposed and adjacent loops of filament are not to fuse together. This regime will naturally vary with the pitch, its previous oxidation history and the type and quality of additive present, if any. The best heating rates and soaking temperatures for a given material are naturally difiicult to determine since the fusion temperature of the pitch changes as the oxidation proceeds. Nevertheless, it has been established that a heat treated pitch of the type preferred, as described earlier, will yield filaments that are successfully oxidized by raising the temperature to C.
  • a non-critical step holding the filament at 100 for about 20 hours; raising the temperatures from 100 to 195 C., at a preferred rate of about 5 C./hour; holding the filament at the later temperature for a period within the range of about 60 to about hours, the upper part of that range being preferred.
  • temperature increase rates of up to 10 C./hour may be tolerated.
  • the temperature at any time during the oxidation treatment should preferably be not higher than 10 C. below the softening point of the pitch at the given time.
  • This batch type oxidation is best carried out in a circulating oven through which passes a constant flow of air or oxygen containing gas, both fresh and recycle, pre-heated at the desired temperature.
  • the oxidized filament may then be cooled to room temperature or subjected immediately to carbonization. If cooling is elected, it should be gradual, the to 100 C. step being accomplished at about the same rate as the reverse step previously carried out, with the last 100 to room temperature adjustment taking about three hours.
  • the oxidized pitch filament is then converted to a carbon filament. This is accomplished in an oven or kiln provided with means for allowing sweeping of the reac tion area with an inert gas, e.g. nitrogen scoured through hot coke.
  • an inert gas e.g. nitrogen scoured through hot coke.
  • the packages are placed in a sagger and, as the inert gas is allowed to sweep the package for example from bottom to top, the temperature of the kiln is raised according to the following typical cycle: from 30 to 100 C., when necessary, at the rate of 10/hour; from 100 to 500 C. at 5/hour and from 500 to 1100 C. at 10/hour. Cooling to room temperature also should be gradual, e.g. from 1100 to 30 C. in about 36 hours.
  • the 100 to 500 C. temperature range is the most critical in the carbonization process, special care need be exerted in controlling the heating rate through that range.
  • the top carbonization temperature it must be noted that useful carbon fibers may be produced from 700 C. for amorphous carbon filaments to as high as 2800+ C. if graphitic filaments are desired. Heating rates and holding times are no longer critical about 1100 C.
  • a graphite filament may be conveniently prepared by heating a carbon filament for about one hour in argon at above 1500 C.
  • Carbon filaments (1100 C.) of conventional textile lengths may be produced from coal tar pitch by the method just described, having a tensile strength of 80,000 to 130,000 p.s.i., a modulus of elasticity within the range of 4.5 to 5.2 10 p.s.i., a volume resistivity in aohm-inch of 1200 to 1600 and an apparent density of about 1.65 g./cc.
  • Such filaments, and their graphitic counterparts are eminently suited as substrate in vapor phase depositions such as manufacture of boron filaments, heat resistant reinforcement in fiber-matrix composites, as well as in other similar applications where filamentary carbon is conventionally and advantageously employed.
  • the modified coal tar pitch just described was spun through a spinneret having an orifice of 1.5 mm. in length and a diameter of 0.3 mm.
  • the molten pitch at 287 C.
  • the total residence in the oxidizing oven was thus 178.25 hours.
  • the oxidized filament packages were then placed in a stainless steel sagger on the same type of graphite hangers as used in the oxidation step, and subjected to the following time-temperature regime while being constantly swept by nitrogen previously scoured through coke at process temperature:
  • the carbon monofilament had an average diameter of microns and, as measured on 0.125 inch long samples, a volume resistivity of 1419 ,uohm-inch with a variation of i5.0%.
  • a method for producing carbon filaments from a coal tar pitch having a softening point within the range of to 250 C. which comprises:
  • step (c) removing the volatile materials during at least a portion of step (b);
  • step (f) carbonizing the filament from step (e) by heating it in an inert atmosphere through the temperature range of 100 to 500 C. at a rate not greater than 5 C. per hour and then through the range of 500 to 1100 C. at a rate not greater than 10 C. per hour.
  • step (b) is done under reduced pressure at a temperature ranging fiom about 280 to about 300 C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
US734257A 1968-06-04 1968-06-04 Process for the production of carbon filaments from coal tar pitch Expired - Lifetime US3595946A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US734257A US3595946A (en) 1968-06-04 1968-06-04 Process for the production of carbon filaments from coal tar pitch
GB1225726D GB1225726A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-06-04 1969-05-08
DE1925609A DE1925609C3 (de) 1968-06-04 1969-05-20 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlenstoff-Faeden
JP4173969A JPS4637786B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-06-04 1969-05-30
FR6917831A FR2010075A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-06-04 1969-05-30
US00084896A US3718493A (en) 1968-06-04 1970-10-28 Process for the production of carbon filaments from coal tar pitch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US734257A US3595946A (en) 1968-06-04 1968-06-04 Process for the production of carbon filaments from coal tar pitch

Publications (1)

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US3595946A true US3595946A (en) 1971-07-27

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US734257A Expired - Lifetime US3595946A (en) 1968-06-04 1968-06-04 Process for the production of carbon filaments from coal tar pitch

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US (1) US3595946A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4637786B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1925609C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2010075A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1225726A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3723609A (en) * 1969-10-17 1973-03-27 Bayer Ag Process for the production of carbon fibers
US3890262A (en) * 1972-05-15 1975-06-17 Carborundum Co Pyrogenous residue-novolac fibers
US3903248A (en) * 1974-04-15 1975-09-02 Celanese Corp Process for the production of large denier carbon fibers
US3919387A (en) * 1972-12-26 1975-11-11 Union Carbide Corp Process for producing high mesophase content pitch fibers
US3919376A (en) * 1972-12-26 1975-11-11 Union Carbide Corp Process for producing high mesophase content pitch fibers
US3928544A (en) * 1972-03-06 1975-12-23 Sumitomo Chemical Co Process for producing carbon products
US3953561A (en) * 1972-10-27 1976-04-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Firing process for alumina yarn
US3959448A (en) * 1969-08-27 1976-05-25 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Process for the manufacture of carbon fibers
US3966887A (en) * 1971-11-08 1976-06-29 Charbonnages De France Process for production of carbon fibers and the resultant fibers
US3972968A (en) * 1974-11-21 1976-08-03 Sun Oil Company Of Pennsylvania Use of hot buoyant liquid to convert pitch to continuous carbon filament
US3974264A (en) * 1973-12-11 1976-08-10 Union Carbide Corporation Process for producing carbon fibers from mesophase pitch
US3995014A (en) * 1973-12-11 1976-11-30 Union Carbide Corporation Process for producing carbon fibers from mesophase pitch
US3997654A (en) * 1974-04-24 1976-12-14 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Method for the production of carbonaceous articles, particularly strands
US4005183A (en) * 1972-03-30 1977-01-25 Union Carbide Corporation High modulus, high strength carbon fibers produced from mesophase pitch
US4026788A (en) * 1973-12-11 1977-05-31 Union Carbide Corporation Process for producing mesophase pitch
US4032430A (en) * 1973-12-11 1977-06-28 Union Carbide Corporation Process for producing carbon fibers from mesophase pitch
US4055583A (en) * 1974-04-24 1977-10-25 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Method for the production of carbonaceous articles, particularly strands
US4066737A (en) * 1971-05-05 1978-01-03 Koppers Company, Inc. Method for making isotropic carbon fibers
US4138525A (en) * 1976-02-11 1979-02-06 Union Carbide Corporation Highly-handleable pitch-based fibers
US4146576A (en) * 1970-09-08 1979-03-27 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Manufacture of carbon fibres
US4197282A (en) * 1977-05-25 1980-04-08 The British Petroleum Company Limited Manufacture of carbon fibres
US4277325A (en) * 1979-04-13 1981-07-07 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Treatment of pitches in carbon artifact manufacture
US4277324A (en) * 1979-04-13 1981-07-07 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Treatment of pitches in carbon artifact manufacture
US4283269A (en) * 1979-04-13 1981-08-11 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Process for the production of a feedstock for carbon artifact manufacture
US4301135A (en) * 1979-12-26 1981-11-17 Union Carbide Corporation Process for spinning pitch fiber into a hot gaseous environment
US4356158A (en) * 1981-07-04 1982-10-26 Nippon Carbon Co., Ltd. Process for producing carbon fibers
US4431623A (en) * 1981-06-09 1984-02-14 The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Process for the production of carbon fibres from petroleum pitch
EP0119273A4 (en) * 1982-08-30 1985-02-28 Osaka Gas Co Ltd MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR PECH.
US4511625A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-04-16 Union Carbide Corporation Physical conversion of latent mesophase molecules to oriented molecules
EP0116956A3 (en) * 1983-02-17 1985-04-17 Carl Still Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for the purification of solids containing concentrated coking plant tars
US4534950A (en) * 1982-08-13 1985-08-13 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Process for producing carbon fibers
US4574077A (en) * 1983-10-14 1986-03-04 Nippon Oil Company Limited Process for producing pitch based graphite fibers
EP0153419A4 (en) * 1983-08-29 1986-03-04 Osaka Gas Co Ltd PROCESS FOR TREATING COAL TAR OR COAL PIT.
DE3441727A1 (de) * 1984-11-15 1986-05-15 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren zur herstellung von anisotropen kohlenstoffasern
US4608402A (en) * 1985-08-09 1986-08-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Surface treatment of pitch-based carbon fibers
EP0147005A3 (en) * 1983-08-05 1986-10-01 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Oxidation of pitch fibers
US4686096A (en) * 1984-07-20 1987-08-11 Amoco Corporation Chopped carbon fibers and methods for producing the same
US4892642A (en) * 1987-11-27 1990-01-09 Conoco Inc. Process for the production of mesophase
US4892641A (en) * 1986-01-30 1990-01-09 Conoco Inc. Process for the production of mesophase pitch
US4904371A (en) * 1988-10-13 1990-02-27 Conoco Inc. Process for the production of mesophase pitch
US5032250A (en) * 1988-12-22 1991-07-16 Conoco Inc. Process for isolating mesophase pitch
US5238672A (en) * 1989-06-20 1993-08-24 Ashland Oil, Inc. Mesophase pitches, carbon fiber precursors, and carbonized fibers
US5266294A (en) * 1984-04-30 1993-11-30 Amoco Corporation Continuous, ultrahigh modulus carbon fiber
US5501788A (en) * 1994-06-27 1996-03-26 Conoco Inc. Self-stabilizing pitch for carbon fiber manufacture
US20090277772A1 (en) * 2006-04-15 2009-11-12 Toho Tenax Co., Ltd. Process for Continous Production of Carbon Fibres
US20110104489A1 (en) * 2007-10-11 2011-05-05 Toho Tenax Co., Ltd. Hollow carbon fibres and process for their production
US20140175688A1 (en) * 2012-12-26 2014-06-26 Honeywell Federal Manufacturing & Technologies, Llc Methods of making carbon fiber from asphaltenes
EP2451581A4 (en) * 2009-07-09 2014-10-29 Univ Ohio CARBON FIBER COMPOSITE-gave ELECTRODE
US20210060896A1 (en) * 2019-08-26 2021-03-04 Hyundai Motor Company Composite Fiber Web Having Superior Heat Resistance and Sound Absorption and Method of Manufacturing Same
CN113061451A (zh) * 2020-01-02 2021-07-02 宝武炭材料科技有限公司 一种特种沥青的生产系统和方法
US20240141559A1 (en) * 2019-10-17 2024-05-02 TanGold Inc. Fabrication of carbon fibers with high mechanical properties
EP4179135A4 (en) * 2020-07-13 2024-10-02 Ramaco Carbon, LLC SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARBON FIBERS FROM COAL
US12145097B2 (en) 2020-06-12 2024-11-19 Carbon Holdings Intellectual Properties, Llc Systems and methods for processing coal for use in a direct air capture system

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GB1455724A (en) * 1973-04-06 1976-11-17 Nat Res Dev Carbon fibre production
JPS5853085B2 (ja) * 1978-06-30 1983-11-26 呉羽化学工業株式会社 ピツチ糸の不融化方法及び装置
US4497789A (en) * 1981-12-14 1985-02-05 Ashland Oil, Inc. Process for the manufacture of carbon fibers
KR880002095B1 (ko) * 1982-02-15 1988-10-15 닛뽄세끼유 가부시끼가이샤 탄소섬유용 피치
DE3724102C1 (de) * 1987-07-21 1989-02-02 Didier Eng Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von anisotropen Kohlenstoffasern
DE19750802A1 (de) 1997-11-17 1999-05-20 Henkel Kgaa Stabilisierte Cyanacrylatklebstoffe

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US2631982A (en) * 1951-03-09 1953-03-17 Allied Chem & Dye Corp Process for treating tar
FR1465030A (fr) * 1965-01-20 1967-01-06 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd Procédé de production de filaments de carbone ou de graphite à partir de poix
FR1548739A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1966-11-29 1968-12-06

Cited By (60)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3959448A (en) * 1969-08-27 1976-05-25 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Process for the manufacture of carbon fibers
US3723609A (en) * 1969-10-17 1973-03-27 Bayer Ag Process for the production of carbon fibers
US4146576A (en) * 1970-09-08 1979-03-27 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Manufacture of carbon fibres
US4066737A (en) * 1971-05-05 1978-01-03 Koppers Company, Inc. Method for making isotropic carbon fibers
US3966887A (en) * 1971-11-08 1976-06-29 Charbonnages De France Process for production of carbon fibers and the resultant fibers
US3928544A (en) * 1972-03-06 1975-12-23 Sumitomo Chemical Co Process for producing carbon products
US4005183A (en) * 1972-03-30 1977-01-25 Union Carbide Corporation High modulus, high strength carbon fibers produced from mesophase pitch
US3890262A (en) * 1972-05-15 1975-06-17 Carborundum Co Pyrogenous residue-novolac fibers
US3953561A (en) * 1972-10-27 1976-04-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Firing process for alumina yarn
US3919387A (en) * 1972-12-26 1975-11-11 Union Carbide Corp Process for producing high mesophase content pitch fibers
US3919376A (en) * 1972-12-26 1975-11-11 Union Carbide Corp Process for producing high mesophase content pitch fibers
US4026788A (en) * 1973-12-11 1977-05-31 Union Carbide Corporation Process for producing mesophase pitch
US3995014A (en) * 1973-12-11 1976-11-30 Union Carbide Corporation Process for producing carbon fibers from mesophase pitch
US4032430A (en) * 1973-12-11 1977-06-28 Union Carbide Corporation Process for producing carbon fibers from mesophase pitch
US3974264A (en) * 1973-12-11 1976-08-10 Union Carbide Corporation Process for producing carbon fibers from mesophase pitch
US3903248A (en) * 1974-04-15 1975-09-02 Celanese Corp Process for the production of large denier carbon fibers
US3997654A (en) * 1974-04-24 1976-12-14 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Method for the production of carbonaceous articles, particularly strands
US4055583A (en) * 1974-04-24 1977-10-25 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Method for the production of carbonaceous articles, particularly strands
US3972968A (en) * 1974-11-21 1976-08-03 Sun Oil Company Of Pennsylvania Use of hot buoyant liquid to convert pitch to continuous carbon filament
US4138525A (en) * 1976-02-11 1979-02-06 Union Carbide Corporation Highly-handleable pitch-based fibers
US4197282A (en) * 1977-05-25 1980-04-08 The British Petroleum Company Limited Manufacture of carbon fibres
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DE1925609C3 (de) 1973-10-18
JPS4637786B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-11-06
FR2010075A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-02-13
GB1225726A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-03-24
DE1925609A1 (de) 1970-09-03
DE1925609B2 (de) 1973-03-15

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