US3499302A - Cylinder lock - Google Patents

Cylinder lock Download PDF

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Publication number
US3499302A
US3499302A US627243A US3499302DA US3499302A US 3499302 A US3499302 A US 3499302A US 627243 A US627243 A US 627243A US 3499302D A US3499302D A US 3499302DA US 3499302 A US3499302 A US 3499302A
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United States
Prior art keywords
key
tumbler
fence
tumblers
true
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US627243A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roy C Spain
Roy N Oliver
Elvis C Flora
Paul A Powell
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ELVIS C FLORA
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ELVIS C FLORA
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
    • E05B27/0039—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in with pins which slide and rotate about their axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/7486—Single key
    • Y10T70/7508—Tumbler type
    • Y10T70/7559—Cylinder type
    • Y10T70/7588—Rotary plug
    • Y10T70/7593—Sliding tumblers
    • Y10T70/7599—Transverse of plug
    • Y10T70/7605—Pin tumblers
    • Y10T70/761—Rotatable pins [e.g., MEDECO lock]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/7486—Single key
    • Y10T70/7508—Tumbler type
    • Y10T70/7559—Cylinder type
    • Y10T70/7667—Operating elements, parts and adjuncts
    • Y10T70/7689—Tumblers
    • Y10T70/7701—Pin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/778—Operating elements
    • Y10T70/7791—Keys
    • Y10T70/7842—Single shank or stem
    • Y10T70/7859—Flat rigid
    • Y10T70/7864—Cylinder lock type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/778—Operating elements
    • Y10T70/7791—Keys
    • Y10T70/7881—Bitting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/7915—Tampering prevention or attack defeating
    • Y10T70/7932—Anti-pick

Definitions

  • Each tumbler in the key plug may be positioned by the properly bitted key reciprocally to clear the shear line and also positioned rotationally to allow the fence to be cammed out of engagement with the cylinder shell. The key plug may then be rotated.
  • a side bar cylinder lock is also described With the same key cut at three difierent levels and cut at three different angles.
  • the tumblers are positioned reciprocally and rotationally by the properly bitted key to allow the fence to be cammed out of engagement with the cylinder shell.
  • the key plug may then be rotated.
  • This invention is directed to a cylinder lock, and specifically directed to a new cylinder lock having a new and novel locking arrangement.
  • Conventional cylinder locks have a plurality of tumblers reciprocally mounted in the key plug.
  • the key plug is rotationally mounted to rotate in the cylinder shell of the cylinder lock.
  • the key plug is engaged in some manner with a locking mechanism with the cylinder shell so that the key plug may not be rotated in the cylinder shell.
  • the reciprocally mounted tumblers operate the locking mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism consists of drivers associated with each tumbler.
  • the drivers are in a driver bible rigidly formed with the cylinder shell.
  • Driver springs normally urge the drivers and tumblers across the shear line between the key plug and cylinder shell, keeping the key plug from rotating in the cylinder shell.
  • the drivers and tumblers may be separated across the shear line by a properly bitted key cut at a plurality of levels, so that the lock is unlocked, and the key plug may be rotated.
  • a side bar cylinder lock uses a locking mechanism consisting of a fence slidably engaged in a lateral slot in the key plug which is normally urged into engagement with the cylinder shell to keep the key plug from rotating within the cylinder shell.
  • Each tumbler has a circular groove which may be termed a true gate, at a predetermined level so that by the insertion of a properly bitted key cut at a plurality of levels, the tumblers may be reciprocally moved to present all of the circular true gates to the fence.
  • the fence may then be cammed out of engagement with the cylinder shell and the tip of the fence move in the true gates so that the key plug is unlocked.
  • the number of key changes possible in these cylinder locks is determined by the number of tumblers in the key plug, and the number of hitting levels in the operating key.
  • the number of key changes refers to the number of different keys possible. For instance, in a cylinder lock with five levels, and five tumblers, it would theoretically be possible to have 3125 key changes. A number of these possible key changes must immediately be struck because backing of the key out of the lock would simultaneously raise all of the tumblers to the next higher level and unlock the lock in some combinations. Because of manufacturing tolerances and undesirable key cuts, the actual number of key changes possible is as low as one to two percent of the theoretically possible key changes. Thus there may actually only be thirty to sixty actual key changes in a five bitted level, five tumbler locks.
  • the locks may also be opened by key jiggling" a lock, using a small group of select keys. These keys are then used by inserting a selected key in the key hole. pushing it in and out, torqueing it, with all of these motions carried out simultaneously, until one of the select group of keys opens the lock.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved cylinder lock which is difiicult, if not impossible, to pick.
  • the cylinder lock operated by a single cut key has a cylinder shell, a key plug normally engaged in the cylinder shell, a first locking means operated by the single cut of the key, and a second locking means operated by the single cut of the key, so that the first and second locking means operated by the single cut on the key disengage the key plug from the cylinder shell.
  • a locking means which may be operated by an angularly displaced tumbler.
  • the single cut key is bitted angularly from the horizontal axis of the key.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an improved cylinder lock constructed in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the improved cylinder lock showing the different parts of the lock in separated positions;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the key constructed to operate the cylinder lock shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the key plug assembly with tumblers and associated operating members and key;
  • FIG. 5 is a cutaway View of the key plug showing the tumblers in position with the key withdrawn;
  • FIG. 6 is a cutaway view of the key plug similar to FIG. 5, but with the tumblers in the position with the key engaged;
  • FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the cylinder lock showing the key properly engaged in the cylinder lock
  • FIG. 8 is a transverse cross sectional view of the cylinder lock with a proper insertion of a key to disengage and turn the key plug;
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the key plug of a side bar cylinder lock
  • FIG. 10 is a transverse cross sectional view of the side bar cylinder lock shown in FIG. 9',
  • FIG. 11 is a top view of a tumbler.
  • a cylinder lock 21 has a cylinder shell 23 formed with a bore 25 in which an integrally formed head portion 27 and key plug 29 are rotatably mounted.
  • a longitudinal keyway 31 is formed in the key plug 29 and head portion 27.
  • the key plug 29 is formed at its rear end with a stud 33.
  • the stud rotates with the key plug 29 and may be associated with any conventional mechanism, for example, a door bolt retracting mechanism, which may be actuated by rotating the key plug 29 with the proper key inserted in the keyway 31.
  • the key plug 29 is formed with a laterally opening slot 35, extending substantially perpendicular to the keyway 29.
  • a laterally inserted stop plate 37 with five tumbler stops 39a-39e.
  • the five stops are positioned at the rear of each of the five tumbler holes 41a41e with the five stops 39a-39e parallel to the keyway 3].
  • the five tumbler holes 410-418 communicate with the longitudinally extending keyway.
  • the tumbler stops 39a-39e function to limit the rotational movement of the five tumblers 61a61e in a manner to be explained.
  • a fence member 45 of a substantial length is slidably engaged in the laterally opening slot 35 so that it is laterally movable.
  • a plurality of springs 46a-46d are positioned between the fence 45 and the wall of the keyway 31 to normally urge the fence member 45 out of the fence slot 35.
  • the fence 45 has five gate lugs 49a-49e positioned on the fence 45 so that the five gate lugs 49a49e may be moved into the corresponding five tumbler holes 41a41e in a manner which will become evident later in the description.
  • the fence 45 also has an extending cam-like projection 51 at its outer surface which is shaped to engage a cam groove 55 formed in the inner wall of the cylinder wall 23.
  • the five tumbler holes 410-410 are longitudinally positioned with five corresponding driver holes 57a57e in the driver bible 59 when the key plug 29 is inserted in the cylinder shell 23.
  • Five tumblers (Ila-61a are inserted in the tumbler holes 41a41e, five corresponding drivers a-60e are inserted in the driver holes 57a57e, and five corresponding driver springs 63a-63e are inserted in the driver holes 57a-57e.
  • a driver bible plate 65 is then positioned over the driver bible to restrain the driver springs 63a63e in the driver holes 57a-57e.
  • the driver springs 63a63e when restrained, urge the corresponding drivers Mia-60c and tumblers 61a-61e toward the bottom of the corresponding driver holes and tumbler holes.
  • each tumbler and its associated driver is a constant as is standard so that the proper key will raise each driver and its associated tumbler to a position so that each driver is urged into the driver bible 59, and each tumbler remains in the key plug to clear the shear line.
  • each tumbler 61a-6le has either two or three longitudinal notches.
  • Each tumbler 61a-61e has a wide notch 67a-67e in which a corresponding tumbler stop 39a-3-9e is positioned to stop the rotational movement of the tumbler when the shoulders of the notches 67a-67e meet the stationary tumbler stops 39a39e.
  • Each tumbler 61a-61e also has a second longitudinal notch 69a69e which is termed true gate.
  • Each true gate is wide enough and deep enough to completely engage the corresponding gate lug 49a-49e on the fence 45 when the fence is cammed towards the tumblers 6111-612.
  • the gate lugs 49e-49d cannot engage the corresponding tumbler true gate 69a-69e until all the tumblers are rotated to position the true gates at right angles to the keyway 31 and are facing the fence 45.
  • Tumblers 61b, 61c, and 61a also have a third longitudinal notch 71b, 71c, and 719 which is termed a false gate. False gates 71!), 71c, and 71s are deep enough and wide enough to admit merely the tip of corresponding gate lugs 49a, 49c, and 49e as shown in FIG. 6, and not the entire depth of the gate lugs.
  • the width of the notches 67a-67e is 38 degrees plus the width of the tumbler lug 39a39e.
  • FIG. 5 there is a 19 degree separation between each shoulder of a notch 67a-67e and its corresponding tumbler stop 39a-39e.
  • the true gates 69a and 6901 are positioned on their respective tumblers so that they are at right angles to the keyway 31 and facing towards the fence 45 when the tumbler stops 39a and 39d are positioned in the center of notches 67a and 67d.
  • the true gates 69b and 692 are positioned on their respective tumblers so that when tumblers 61b and file are rotated clockwise 19 degrees and the tumbler stops 3% and 39e meet the right-hand shoulder of notches 67b and 67a, the true gates 69b and 696 are at right angles to the keyway 31 facing the fence 45.
  • the true gate 69c is positioned on its tumbler so that when tumbler 61c is rotated in a counterclockwise direction 19 degrees and the tumbler stop 39c meets the left-hand shoulder of notch 670, the true gate 69c is positioned at right angles to the keyway 31 facing the fence 45.
  • False gates 71b and 71e are positioned in the clockwise direction from their associated true gates 69!) and 690 so that a counterclockwise rotation of their respective tumblers 61/1 and 616 will rotate the false gates 71b and 71e to a position where they will face their corresponding fence lugs 49b and 490.
  • False gate 710 is positioned in a counterclockwise direction from true gate 690 so that clockwise rotation of the corresponding tumbler 61c will rotate the false gate 710 so that it will face its corresponding fence lug 490. The operation and function of these true and false gates will become evident in the description of the operation of the cylinder lock.
  • Each tumbler end 75(l75 in the keyway 31 end of the corresponding tumbler hole 41a-41e is formed in a degree chisel tip with the chisel tip perpendicular to a line through the center of the tumbler and the center of the 38 degree notch.
  • the chisel tip is also provided with a twelve degree angle from its center to pass over the developed angles on the steeples of the key 24.
  • V bit 77c is cut to the second level.
  • V bit 77d is cut to the third level, V bit 770 is cut to the first level, V bit 77b is cut to the second level, and V bit 77a is cut to the third level.
  • the leading edge 79 of the key 24 is cut to a 90 degree angle with the back of the key 24.
  • V bits 77a and 77d are cut in the conventional manner with the cut perpendicular to the axis of the key 24. This cut will be termed the center cut.
  • V bits 77b, 77c, and 77s are cut in a unique manner. These V bits are cut at an angle to the center cut. V bit 77b is cut in a clockwise or left direction from the center cut to form a valley 77b forming a 19 degree angle with the center cut V bits 77a and 77d. V bits 770! is also cut in a clockwise or left direction from the center cut to form a valley 77d forming a 19 degree angle with the center cut V bits 77a and 77d.
  • V bit 770 is cut in a counterclockwise or right direction from the normal center cut to form a valley 77c forming a 19 degree angle with the center cut V bits 77a and 77d.
  • a key 24 has been angularly bitted at a plurality of angles.
  • Key 24 is inserted into the keyway 31 with the perpendicular cut of the leading edge 79 of the key 24 rotating the chisel end 75a75e of each tumbler 61a-61e to a position perpendicular to the axis of the key 24 and keyway 31.
  • the tumbler is positioned so that the tumbler stop 390-390 is in the center of the corresponding angular notch 67a67e. This is illustrated well in FIG. 5.
  • the key 24 is inserted to its full length until the end 79 of the key 24 is stopped by the end of the keyway 31.
  • tumbler file rests in the second level of V bit 77e so that the top of the tumbler 616 is at the shear line and the corresponding driver 602 is within the driver bible 59.
  • the force of the insertion of the key 24 has urged the tumbler 612 and driver 6% against the driver spring 630, compressing the driver spring 63.
  • Tumbler 61d now rests in the third level of V bit 77d so that the top of the tumbler 61a is at the shear line and the corresponding driver 60d is within the driver bible 59.
  • Tumbler 61c now rests in the first level of V bit 770 so that the top of the tumbler 610 is at the shear line and the corresponding driver 600 is within the driver bible 59.
  • Tumbler 61/ now rests in the second level of V bit 77c so that the top of tumbler 61b is at the shear line and the corresponding driver 60b is Within the driver bible 59.
  • Tumbler 61a now rests in the third level of V bit 770! so that the top of the tumbler 61a is at the shear line and the corresponding driver 60!: is within the driver bible 59.
  • V bit 77a is a center cut bit cut perpendicular to the axis of the key, so that the chisel end 750 of tumbler 61a rests perpendicular to the keyway 31 as shown in FIG. 6, tumbler stop 39a is in the center of the 38 degree plus retaining notch 67a, and the true gate 69a is perpendicular to the keyway 31 facing the fence lug 4911, so that fence lug 49a may be moved into the true gate 69a.
  • V bit 77b is a clockwise cut V bit so that the chisel end 7512 of tumbler 61b is roiated in a clockwise direction, rotating the tumbler 61b and its corresponding true gate 6%, false gate 71b, and angular notch 67]) in a clockwise direction, so that the right shoulder of angular notch 67! is stopped by the tumbler stop 39b.
  • the true gate is thus presented perpendicular to the keyway 31, facing fence lug 4% so that the fence lug 491) may be moved into the true gate 6912.
  • V bit 770 is a counterclockwise cut V bit so that the chisel end 756 of tumbler 610 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction, rotating the tumbler 61c and its corresponding true gate 69c, false gate 710, and angular notch 67c in a counterclockwise direction, so that the left shoulder of angular notch 67c is stopped by the tumbler stop 39(.
  • the true gate 69c is thus presented perpendicular to the keyway 31, facing the fence lug 490 so that the fence lug 49c may be moved into the true gate 690.
  • V bit 77d is a center cut V bit so that the chisel end 75d of the tumbler 61a rests perpendicular to the keyway 31.
  • Tumbler stop 39d is in the center of the angular notch 67d, and the true gate 69d is perpendicular to the keyway 31 facing the fence lug 49d so that fence lug 49d may be moved into the true gate 694.
  • V bit 772 is a clockwise cut V hit so that the chisel end 751 of tumbler 61a is rotated in a clockwise direction, rotating the tumbler 16e and its corresponding true gate 6%, false gate 710, and angular notch 67a in a clockwise direction, so that the right shoulder of angular notch 67c is stopped by the tumbler stop 39a.
  • the true gate 692 is thus presented perpendicular to the keyway 31 and facing fence lug 4% may be moved into the true gate 69c.
  • Torque may then be applied to the key 24.
  • the torque urges the key plug 29 either in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction camming the cam projection 51 out of the cam groove 55, urging the fence 45 towards the keyway 31.
  • the fence lugs 49a-49e move into their corresponding true gates 69a69e, allowing a lateral movement of the fence 45 towards the keyway 31 so that the cam projection 51 cams out of the cam groove 55.
  • the cylinder lock described herein has thus been unlocked by the combination of three level changes in the V bits of the key to move the tumblers 61a-61e and corresponding drivers 60a60e to the shear line, and the angular displacement of the tumblers 61a-61e in three angular positions to rotate the true gates 6911-69e so that the fence lugs 49a49e may be moved into the true gates 6911-69e by camming a cam projection 51 on the fence 45 out of engagement with a cam groove in the cylinder shell 23.
  • the necessary rotational movement of the tumblers 61a-61c to present their true gates 69a-69e also defeats the picking, for while the tumblers 6la61e may be moved vertically by a pick," it is difficult, if not impos sible, to also rotate the tumblers 61a61e.
  • the false gates 71b, 71c, and He are provided.
  • the false gates 71b, 71c, and 712 are large enough to engage merely the tips of the fence lugs 49b, 49c, and 490.
  • the odds are that one or more of the false gates will he presented to the corresponding fence t lug 49b, 49c. or 49c, and upon torque being applied to the key plug 29. the resulting camming action will force the fence lug into the corresponding false gate.
  • the false gate will not allow the fence lug to completely enter the false gate, so that the cam projection 51 cannot be cammed out of the cam groove 55, and the key plug 29 cannot be rotated.
  • the cylinder lock constructed according to this invention can be given a high number of key changes.
  • the secondary locking means resulting from the angular displacement of the tumblers in three positions may be multiplied by the normal primary locking means resulting from the level displacement.
  • the hitting levels of the key can be spaced further apart than in ordinary hitting levels as it is pos sible to use a smaller number of levels. This reduces the key changes lost due to manufacturing tolerances.
  • FIGS. 9l1 the principles of this invention may be applied to operate a side bar cylinder lock providing a primary and secondary locking means with a single cut on the key.
  • This particular description is directed to a four tumbler, three level bitted, side bar cylinder lock; however, the tumblers and levels may be varied according to the specific desires and needs of an application.
  • a side bar cylinder lock by its very nature does not have drivers, driver pins, and a driver bible.
  • the side bar cylinder lock does not lock by positioning drivers in a shear line. but locks by providing gates on the tumblers and a fence which may engage the circular gates on the tumblers when the tumblers have been raised to the proper levels by the insertion of a proper key.
  • the fence which is engaged with the cylinder shell may then be cammed out of engagement with the cylinder shell and into engagement with the properly leveled circular gates on the tumblers.
  • a fence 81 is shown positioned in a lateral slot 83 in a key plug 85.
  • the key plug 85 may be rotated in the cylinder lock 87 when the cam slot 89 in the fence is properly cammed into the lateral slot 83 by the bendable cam 91.
  • Bendable cam 91 extends into a recess 93 in the side wall of the cylinder shell 87.
  • Bendable cam 91 is constructed so that it will cam the fence 81 inward, but it will bend or crush if torque is applied and the fence 81 cannot be moved in towards the keyway 90.
  • a projection 95 from the fence 81 with the cam slot 89 therein also normally extends into the recess 93.
  • a plurality of springs (only one of which is shown) 99 urge the fence projection 95 into the recess 93.
  • the fence 81 has a top horizontal fence plate '97 with four fence recesses 101a101d therein, and four vertical fence lugs 1030-103a'. Each vertical fence lug 103a-103d is perpendicular to the center of a corresponding horizontal fence recess 101a-101d. Only one tumbler 105 of the four tumblers is shown in. FIGS. 9 and 10. The tumbler 105 has the two longitudinal notches shown in the tumblers for the lock shown in FIGS. 18, and they perform the same function as described therein. There is an angular notch 107 which is 38 degrees wide plus the width of a tumbler stop 109 and a true gate 111. A false gate is not used as the tumbler rests properly in a. center cut V bit.
  • Tumbler spring 121 urges tumbler 105 down towards the keyway 90.
  • a key 123 with the proper V hitting angular displacements as described with relation to the cylinder lock described and shown with relation to FIGS. ]-8 is inserted in the keyway 90.
  • the angular displaced V bittings angularly rotate the chisel end of the tumbler 105, rotating the tumbler 105, so that the angular notch 107 rests with the tumbler stop 109 at the center of angular notch 107.
  • the true gate 111 is then presented at right angles to the angular notch facing the vertical fence lug 10311.
  • the other three tumblers which are not shown are also angular displaced in the angular V bittings so that they also are rotated to present their true gates to their proper vertical fence lug.
  • the tumbler 105 is also positioned by the level of the V bit in which the chisel end of the tumbler 105 rests.
  • the proper level for tumbler 105 is at level three so that the tumbler rests down in the V bit in the key 123, presenting its true circular gate 115 at a level parallel to the corresponding fence recess 101b.
  • the other three tumblers are also positioned by the level of the V bit in the proper key 123 so that their circular true gates are also presented at a level parallel to the fence recesses 101a, 101e, 101a.
  • the key 123 is then turned, applying torque, camming the cam slot 89 by cam 91, moving the fence 81 into the lateral slot 83 towards the keyway 90.
  • the vertical true gates are all presented to the face lugs 103a-103d and the circular true gates are all presented properly to the corresponding fence recess 101a-101d so that the fence 81 can be cammed into the lateral fence slot 83.
  • the key plug 85 may then be rotated in the cylinder shell 87 and the side bar cylinder lock has been unlocked by a primary and secondary locking means.
  • This side bar cylinder lock constructed according to this invention offers the same difficulties to key jiggling and/or key picking" that the cylinder lock shown in FIGS. l8 offers.
  • the cam slot 89 in the fence 81 will bend the bendable cam projection 91 instead of being cammed into the cam slot 83.
  • Further rotation of the key plug 85 will move the fence 81 into engagement with the shoulders of the recess 93 in the cylinder shell 87.
  • the key plug 83 may not be rotated any further so that the attempt to force the lock has failed and a lock-out occurs.
  • the circular false gates 117 and 119 operate in a similar manner to the horizontal false gates shown in FIGS. 1-8.
  • the introduction of a pick into the keyway 90 and the forceable movement of the tumblers upward will tend to present a false gate as often as a true gate.
  • a cylinder lock operated by a proper angularly bitted key a cylinder shell, a key plug rotationally mounted in said cylinder shell to provide a shear line between said cylinder shell and said key plug, at least one tumbler mounted in said key plug to reciprocate and rotate therein as a whole, at least one driver associated with said tumbler positioned by the reciprocal movement of said tumbler upon engagement with the proper bitted key to clear the shear line, and a fence member blockingly assocated with said tumbler and shaped so that the rotational positioning of said tumbler upon engagement with all the proper bitted key allows said fence to clear the shear line.
  • a cylinder lock and properly angularly bitted key comprising, a cylinder shell, a key plug rotationally mounted in said cylinder shell to form a shear line, a proper angularly bitted key, at least one tumbler reciprocally mounted in said key plug and rotatable therein about an axis, a true gate on said tumbler parallel to the axis of said tumbler, said tumbler and associated driver reciprocally positioned upon engagement with a properly bitted key to clear the shear line, a fence member, said fence member having a first cam surface thereon, a second cam surface on said cylinder shell adapted to cooperate with said first cam surface, means normally urging said fence member towards said cylinder shell so that said first cam surface normally engages said second cam surface, said tumbler shaped to be rotationally positioned upon engagement with said properly angularly bitted key to present said true gate to said fence member so that torque applied to said key plug will cam said fence out of engagement with said cylinder shell.
  • a cylinder lock having a cylinder shell, a key plug rotationally mounted in said cylinder shell, a key with bits formed so that it raises and lowers tumblers and causes rotation of tumblers, at least one tumbler as a whole capable of rotation and rseciprocal movement in said key plug, and a fence member, said tumbler shaped in its rotatable position to either block or free said fence.
  • a cylinder lock a cylinder shell, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder shell to provide a shear line between said cylinder shell and said key plug, a key shaped with bits formed so that its raises and lowers tumblers and causes rotation of tumblers, at least one tumbler reciprocally mounted in said key plug and rotatably mounted therein about an axis, said tumbler having a first true gates thereof parallel to the axis of said tumbler, a second true gate perpendicular to the axis of said tumbler, and a fence member blockingly associated with said tumbler and shaped so that the rotation and reciprocal positioning of said tumbler upon engagement with the proper shaped key allows said fence to clear the shear line.
  • a key blade having a longitudinal axis of insertion, said key having a plurality of V-shaped cuts, at least one V-shaped cut perpendicular cut across the longitudinal axis of said key blade, and at least one V-shaped cut skew cut across the longitudinal axis of said key blade.
  • a lock a key having a longitudinal axis of insertion, said key having a plurality of V-shaped cuts of variable depths, said V-shaped cuts perpendicular and skew cut across the longitudinal axis of said key, primary said lock including a locking means activated by the variable depth of said V-shaped cuts, and a secondary locking means activated by the perpendicular and skew cuts of said V-shaped cuts.
  • a tumbler said tumbler having a cylindrical body, a chisel shaped lower portion, and a true gate thereon parallel to the longitudinal axis of said tumbler, said true gate oriented to said chisel shaped lower portion.

Landscapes

  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
US627243A 1967-03-01 1967-03-01 Cylinder lock Expired - Lifetime US3499302A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US62724367A 1967-03-01 1967-03-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3499302A true US3499302A (en) 1970-03-10

Family

ID=24513828

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US627243A Expired - Lifetime US3499302A (en) 1967-03-01 1967-03-01 Cylinder lock

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3499302A (enExample)
CH (1) CH476912A (enExample)
DE (2) DE1728599C3 (enExample)
FR (1) FR1563861A (enExample)
GB (2) GB1223143A (enExample)
SE (1) SE338523B (enExample)

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US3935720A (en) * 1973-10-25 1976-02-03 Egon Boving Rotatable cylinder lock
US3987654A (en) * 1974-10-21 1976-10-26 Lock Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for decoding twisting tumbler locks and locks resistant thereto
DE2613772A1 (de) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-13 Ymos Metallwerke Wolf & Becker Schliesszylinder
US4103526A (en) * 1975-03-05 1978-08-01 Emhart Industries, Inc. Pin tumbler lock
US4235086A (en) * 1979-05-09 1980-11-25 Genakis Joseph M Pin tumbler lock
DE3024929A1 (de) * 1979-07-10 1981-01-29 Gkn Stenman Ab Zylinderschloss, schluessel fuer das schloss und verfahren zur herstellung des schluessels
US4328690A (en) * 1980-08-04 1982-05-11 Oliver Roy N Removable core cylinder lock
JPS57201472A (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-12-09 Tabuura Pty Ltd Barrel and key of cylinder lock
US4450699A (en) * 1981-03-02 1984-05-29 Genakis Joseph M Pin tumbler lock
USRE31910E (en) * 1980-08-04 1985-06-11 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Removable core cylinder lock
WO1987004749A1 (en) * 1986-01-31 1987-08-13 Widén Innovation Ab Lock, key blade, locking tumbler and fence member
US4723427A (en) * 1986-03-21 1988-02-09 Medeco Security Locks Inc. Symmetrical side bar lock and key therefor
US4815307A (en) * 1986-01-31 1989-03-28 Widen Innovation Ab Key blade and method of producing same
US4854146A (en) * 1985-10-25 1989-08-08 Lowe And Fletcher Limited Security device and method
WO1990001096A1 (en) * 1988-07-26 1990-02-08 Turvakonsultit Oy Detent pin cylinder lock
US4905489A (en) * 1986-03-13 1990-03-06 Ernst Keller Tumbler in a cylinder lock
US4932229A (en) * 1987-06-08 1990-06-12 Genakis Joseph M Cylinder lock
US4998426A (en) * 1987-06-08 1991-03-12 Genakis Joseph M Cylinder lock
US5079936A (en) * 1989-03-31 1992-01-14 Folger Adam Company High security cylinder lock
US5289709A (en) * 1991-10-24 1994-03-01 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Pin tumblers and corresponding keys for cylinder locks
US5419168A (en) * 1991-10-24 1995-05-30 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Hierarchical cylinder lock and key system
DE19519600A1 (de) * 1995-05-29 1995-10-26 Danijel Golub Zylinderschloß mit Sicherheitschlüssel
WO1997011245A1 (en) 1995-09-19 1997-03-27 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Improved keys for cylinder locks
US5943890A (en) * 1996-10-31 1999-08-31 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Cylinder lock and key assembly and hierarchical system therefor
WO2000014367A1 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2000-03-16 Beijing Liangzi Locks Industry Co. Ltd. Serrure a goupilles
WO2002066773A1 (en) * 2001-02-06 2002-08-29 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Rotating pin tumbler side bar lock with side bar control
US6477875B2 (en) * 2001-02-06 2002-11-12 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Rotating pin tumbler side bar lock with side bar control
US20050072199A1 (en) * 2002-04-09 2005-04-07 Edwards Billy B. Discriminating mechanism for a pin tumbler lock
DE102004007569A1 (de) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-01 Aug. Winkhaus Gmbh & Co. Kg Schließzylinder
US6945082B2 (en) 2001-02-06 2005-09-20 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Key blank, key and master keying system
US20050275535A1 (en) * 2004-06-01 2005-12-15 Hui-Hua Hsieh Lock core with an alarm
US20070175253A1 (en) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-02 Lab Security Systems Corporation Lock pin decoding apparatus
DE102006000126A1 (de) * 2006-03-20 2007-09-27 Aug. Winkhaus Gmbh & Co. Kg Schlüssel für einen Schließzylinder
US7412860B1 (en) 2007-03-30 2008-08-19 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Key blank and key
US20080223097A1 (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-18 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Hierarchical cylinder lock systems
US20080250830A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-16 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Lock, key blank, and key of a hierarchical lock system
US20080271506A1 (en) * 2007-05-03 2008-11-06 Schlage Lock Company Lock cylinder
US20080314106A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-25 Ingersoll-Rand Company Programmable lock cylinder assembly
US20090044579A1 (en) * 2007-08-15 2009-02-19 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Cylinder lock assembly with a tailpiece rotationally coupled to the cylinder plug
US20090277239A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2009-11-12 Sajil John Mathachan Master keying system and method for programmable lock cylinder assemblies
US7775074B1 (en) 2007-03-12 2010-08-17 Tobias Marc W System for obstructing movement of lock pins
EP2423412A2 (en) 2010-08-31 2012-02-29 Dan Ove Hansen Lock and key blade
US8186194B2 (en) 2008-03-27 2012-05-29 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Cylinder lock and auxiliary locking mechanism
US8336346B2 (en) 2010-08-18 2012-12-25 Gordon B. J. Mah and Yu-Chen Mah Family Trust High security moving mass lock system
US20130091910A1 (en) * 2011-10-12 2013-04-18 Moshe Dolev Cylinder lock assembly with non-rotating elements
US8490446B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2013-07-23 Schlage Lock Company Programmable lock cylinder assembly
USD694090S1 (en) 2012-05-23 2013-11-26 Master Lock Company Llc Lock and key
USD702528S1 (en) 2012-05-23 2014-04-15 Master Lock Company Llc Key
US8720241B1 (en) 2013-05-22 2014-05-13 Winloc Ag Cylinder lock and key with side bar
US9598880B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2017-03-21 Schlage Lock Company Llc Lock cylinder including modular plug
US20180305954A1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2018-10-25 Schlage Lock Company Llc Modular lock plug
US10201727B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2019-02-12 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise machine
US10337210B2 (en) * 2017-06-08 2019-07-02 Winloc Ag Interchangeable cylinder lock core for a cylinder lock unit
US20200024865A1 (en) * 2013-02-07 2020-01-23 Schlage Lock Company Llc Lockdown cylinder locks
US10570643B2 (en) 2017-06-08 2020-02-25 Winloc Ag Cylinder lock core for a cylinder lock unit
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US11280111B2 (en) 2019-10-03 2022-03-22 Assa Abloy High Security Group Inc. Operating a lock cylinder with multiple, supplemental locking elements

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AT372144B (de) * 1979-11-28 1983-09-12 Evva Werke Zylinderschloss mit ausnehmungen oder vorspruenge des schluessels abtastenden abtastbolzen
AT367844B (de) * 1980-06-12 1982-08-10 Evva Werke Zylinderschloss
FR2488315A1 (fr) 1980-08-05 1982-02-12 Fichet Bauche Serrure a pompe ou a goupilles
US4478061A (en) * 1981-03-30 1984-10-23 Taboola Pty. Limited Cylinder lock
EP0065813B1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1986-08-27 Taboola Pty. Limited Cylinder lock
GB9923698D0 (en) * 1999-10-08 1999-12-08 Yale Security Prod Uk Ltd Security device
DE102009026117B4 (de) 2009-07-07 2015-01-22 C.Ed. Schulte Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Zylinderschlossfabrik Schließzylinder mit passendem Schlüssel
SE536452C2 (sv) 2012-03-22 2013-11-12 Winloc Ag Lås- och nyckelkombination med roterbara tillhållare
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Cited By (95)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3722240A (en) * 1971-01-25 1973-03-27 R C Spain Cylinder lock
US3935720A (en) * 1973-10-25 1976-02-03 Egon Boving Rotatable cylinder lock
US3987654A (en) * 1974-10-21 1976-10-26 Lock Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for decoding twisting tumbler locks and locks resistant thereto
US4103526A (en) * 1975-03-05 1978-08-01 Emhart Industries, Inc. Pin tumbler lock
DE2613772A1 (de) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-13 Ymos Metallwerke Wolf & Becker Schliesszylinder
US4235086A (en) * 1979-05-09 1980-11-25 Genakis Joseph M Pin tumbler lock
DE3024929A1 (de) * 1979-07-10 1981-01-29 Gkn Stenman Ab Zylinderschloss, schluessel fuer das schloss und verfahren zur herstellung des schluessels
US4328690A (en) * 1980-08-04 1982-05-11 Oliver Roy N Removable core cylinder lock
USRE31910E (en) * 1980-08-04 1985-06-11 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Removable core cylinder lock
US4450699A (en) * 1981-03-02 1984-05-29 Genakis Joseph M Pin tumbler lock
JPS57201472A (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-12-09 Tabuura Pty Ltd Barrel and key of cylinder lock
US4854146A (en) * 1985-10-25 1989-08-08 Lowe And Fletcher Limited Security device and method
US4815307A (en) * 1986-01-31 1989-03-28 Widen Innovation Ab Key blade and method of producing same
JPS63500393A (ja) * 1986-01-31 1988-02-12 ウィ−デン　イノバ−ション　ア−ベ− 錠および鍵
WO1987004749A1 (en) * 1986-01-31 1987-08-13 Widén Innovation Ab Lock, key blade, locking tumbler and fence member
AU588187B2 (en) * 1986-01-31 1989-09-07 Widen Innovation Ab Lock and key blade
US4905489A (en) * 1986-03-13 1990-03-06 Ernst Keller Tumbler in a cylinder lock
US4723427A (en) * 1986-03-21 1988-02-09 Medeco Security Locks Inc. Symmetrical side bar lock and key therefor
US4932229A (en) * 1987-06-08 1990-06-12 Genakis Joseph M Cylinder lock
US4998426A (en) * 1987-06-08 1991-03-12 Genakis Joseph M Cylinder lock
WO1990001096A1 (en) * 1988-07-26 1990-02-08 Turvakonsultit Oy Detent pin cylinder lock
US5079936A (en) * 1989-03-31 1992-01-14 Folger Adam Company High security cylinder lock
US5289709A (en) * 1991-10-24 1994-03-01 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Pin tumblers and corresponding keys for cylinder locks
US5419168A (en) * 1991-10-24 1995-05-30 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Hierarchical cylinder lock and key system
US5570601A (en) * 1991-10-24 1996-11-05 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Hierarchical cylinder lock and key system
DE19519600A1 (de) * 1995-05-29 1995-10-26 Danijel Golub Zylinderschloß mit Sicherheitschlüssel
WO1997011245A1 (en) 1995-09-19 1997-03-27 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Improved keys for cylinder locks
US5615565A (en) * 1995-09-19 1997-04-01 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Keys for cylinder locks
US6023954A (en) * 1995-09-19 2000-02-15 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Keys for cylinder locks
US5943890A (en) * 1996-10-31 1999-08-31 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Cylinder lock and key assembly and hierarchical system therefor
WO2000014367A1 (fr) * 1998-09-08 2000-03-16 Beijing Liangzi Locks Industry Co. Ltd. Serrure a goupilles
NO337543B1 (no) * 2001-02-06 2016-05-02 Medeco Security Locks Roterbar tilholderstiftlås med sidestift
US6477875B2 (en) * 2001-02-06 2002-11-12 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Rotating pin tumbler side bar lock with side bar control
WO2002066773A1 (en) * 2001-02-06 2002-08-29 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Rotating pin tumbler side bar lock with side bar control
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KR100857572B1 (ko) * 2001-02-06 2008-09-09 메데코시큐어리티록크스,인코포오레이티드 사이드 바아 제어를 구비하는 회전 핀 텀블러 사이드 바아록
US10201727B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2019-02-12 Nautilus, Inc. Exercise machine
US20050072199A1 (en) * 2002-04-09 2005-04-07 Edwards Billy B. Discriminating mechanism for a pin tumbler lock
US7040126B2 (en) 2002-04-09 2006-05-09 Master Lock Company Discriminating mechanism for a pin tumbler lock
DE102004007569A1 (de) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-01 Aug. Winkhaus Gmbh & Co. Kg Schließzylinder
US20050275535A1 (en) * 2004-06-01 2005-12-15 Hui-Hua Hsieh Lock core with an alarm
US20070175253A1 (en) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-02 Lab Security Systems Corporation Lock pin decoding apparatus
US7594580B2 (en) 2006-01-30 2009-09-29 Lab Security Systems Corporation Lock pin decoding apparatus
DE102006000126A1 (de) * 2006-03-20 2007-09-27 Aug. Winkhaus Gmbh & Co. Kg Schlüssel für einen Schließzylinder
US7963135B1 (en) 2007-03-12 2011-06-21 Tobias Marc W System for obstructing movement of lock pins
US8302439B1 (en) 2007-03-12 2012-11-06 Tobias Marc W Lock pin rotational position setting key and method of use
US9719275B1 (en) 2007-03-12 2017-08-01 Marc W. Tobias Lock pin rotational position setting key and method of use
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US20090044579A1 (en) * 2007-08-15 2009-02-19 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Cylinder lock assembly with a tailpiece rotationally coupled to the cylinder plug
US7895865B2 (en) 2007-08-15 2011-03-01 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Cylinder lock assembly with a tailpiece rotationally coupled to the cylinder plug
US8186194B2 (en) 2008-03-27 2012-05-29 Medeco Security Locks, Inc. Cylinder lock and auxiliary locking mechanism
US8490446B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2013-07-23 Schlage Lock Company Programmable lock cylinder assembly
US8336346B2 (en) 2010-08-18 2012-12-25 Gordon B. J. Mah and Yu-Chen Mah Family Trust High security moving mass lock system
EP2423412A2 (en) 2010-08-31 2012-02-29 Dan Ove Hansen Lock and key blade
US8820129B2 (en) * 2011-10-12 2014-09-02 Moshe Dolev Cylinder lock assembly with non-rotating elements
US20130091910A1 (en) * 2011-10-12 2013-04-18 Moshe Dolev Cylinder lock assembly with non-rotating elements
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US20200024865A1 (en) * 2013-02-07 2020-01-23 Schlage Lock Company Llc Lockdown cylinder locks
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US8720241B1 (en) 2013-05-22 2014-05-13 Winloc Ag Cylinder lock and key with side bar
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US11280111B2 (en) 2019-10-03 2022-03-22 Assa Abloy High Security Group Inc. Operating a lock cylinder with multiple, supplemental locking elements
US11624206B2 (en) 2019-10-03 2023-04-11 Assa Abloy High Security Group Inc. Lock cylinder and key with multiple, supplemental locking elements
US12196000B2 (en) 2019-10-03 2025-01-14 Assa Abloy High Security Group Inc. Cylinder lock with multiple, supplemental locking elements and associated key
WO2021151024A2 (en) 2020-01-24 2021-07-29 Assa Abloy High Security Group Inc. Key and key blanks operable in vertically and horizontally oriented keyways
US12077983B2 (en) 2020-01-24 2024-09-03 Assa Abloy High Security Group Inc. Key and key blanks operable in vertically and horizontally oriented keyways

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1678096A1 (de) 1971-10-14
DE1728599B2 (de) 1977-11-03
DE1678096B2 (de) 1976-05-13
GB1223142A (en) 1971-02-24
DE1728599C3 (de) 1978-06-22
SE338523B (enExample) 1971-09-06
GB1223143A (en) 1971-02-24
DE1728599A1 (de) 1976-05-13
CH476912A (fr) 1969-08-15
FR1563861A (enExample) 1969-04-18

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