US3073003A - Process for treating viscose rayon yarn - Google Patents

Process for treating viscose rayon yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3073003A
US3073003A US17110A US1711060A US3073003A US 3073003 A US3073003 A US 3073003A US 17110 A US17110 A US 17110A US 1711060 A US1711060 A US 1711060A US 3073003 A US3073003 A US 3073003A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
lubricant
moisture content
viscose rayon
stretching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US17110A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fritzmeier Harke
Leijser Hendrikus Johannes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzona Inc
Original Assignee
American Enka Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Enka Corp filed Critical American Enka Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3073003A publication Critical patent/US3073003A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/229—Relaxing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/225—Mechanical characteristics of stretching apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/225—Mechanical characteristics of stretching apparatus
    • D02J1/226—Surface characteristics of guiding or stretching organs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/228—Stretching in two or more steps, with or without intermediate steps

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a process for treating viscose rayon yarn, and more particularly to a process for stretching viscose rayon tire yarn, as well as the resulting yarn.
  • viscose rayon tire yarn is stretched by passing the yarn through an excess of lubricant which moistens the yarn. Thereafter the yarn is stretched at room temperature and dried. It can readily be seen that such a process requires an expensive and time consuming drying operation. In addition, the drying is required because the moist yarn will shrink with an attendant increase in elongation, thereby defeating the purpose of the stretching operation.
  • An additional object of this invention is to provide a viscose rayon tire yarn of low elongation, low average moisture content, and one that has been stretched at room temperature.
  • FIGURE is a perspective view of an apparatus by which this invention may be practiced.
  • the objects are accomplished by conditioning viscose rayon yarn to an average moisture content of 12 to 14%. Thereafter a conventional textile finish or lubricant is uniformly distributed on the yarn. The lubricated yarn is then stretched at room temperature. The process yields a viscose rayon tire yarn which has an elongation of to an average moisture content of 12 to 14%, and which yarn contains a small amount of a lubricant.
  • the stretching of the conditioned and lubricated yarn is carried out at room temperature.
  • the yarns are not heated by external applications of heat such as in steam stretching.
  • the yarn may be stretched by passing the yarn a plurality of times around a grooved supply roller and thence a plurality of times around a grooved draw roller.
  • the draw roller is operated at a hi ;her peripheral speed than the supply roller. If desired, more than one supply or feed roller and draw roller may be used, as for example, a pair of supply rollers and a pair of draw rollers may be provided without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
  • each roller has two portions, wherein the yarn passes several times over that portion of the smaller diameter and thereafter to the portion of the larger diameter.
  • the yarn is stretched by passing from the smaller diameter to the larger diameter.
  • the pair of rollers instead of being stepped may be conical in shape, thereby stretching the yarn gradually as it passes from the tip of the cone toward the base thereof.
  • the yarn is conditioned to a moisture content of 12 to 14%, contains a uniformly distributed lubricant, and has been stretched at room temperature, the elongation of the yarn will be reduced from 15 to 25% to about 10 to 15%. -Also, the number of thread and filament breaks which normally occur during the stretching operation will be substantially reduced, and may even be eliminated. In addition, the costly and time consuming drying operation is eliminated.
  • the yarn may be conditioned to the desired average moisture content by any conventional means, as for example, by maintaining the yarn in an atmosphere of controlled temperature and humidity for a period of time sufiicient to yield the desired average moisture content.
  • One such method is to retain the yarn for six days in an atmosphere maintained at 20 C. and relative humidity.
  • the yarn be conditioned to an average moisture content of 12 to 14%. It has been found that the more non-uniform the moisture content, the more the threads will break. Thus it is preferred that the moisture content throughout the yarn be as uniform as possible. This is especially true when the average moisture content approaches the lower acceptable limit of 12%. It should be noted that at the higher limits, the moisture content throughout the yarn is not as critical.
  • the average moisture content is approximately 12%, it has been found that a variation of much more than 1% from this figure for the moisture content throughout the yarn will result in an increase in thread breakage. Therefore, it is preferred that when the average moisture content is about 12%, the moisture content throughout the yarn be not less than about 11%, and not more than about 13%. However, if the average moisture content is about 14%, then a variation of 1.5% in the moisture content throughout the yarn is acceptable.
  • the critical average moisture content is the result of the relationship between the load to which the yarn is subjected and the resulting elongation. If this relationship is plotted with the load along the vertical axis and the elongation on the horizontal, a curve ascending sharply from zero will be obtained. This curve will break sharply at some point above the horizontal axis. This deflection in the curve represents the point at which the yarn breaks. If similar curves are plotted for yarns of different average moisture content which are above the 14% limit, the breaking point will be lower.
  • the tension is insufiicient to stretch the dry yarn to the same degree as the correct moisture content portion, because it requires more tension to stretch a dry yarn than it does to stretch a moist yarn.
  • There will be an accumulation of tension because there willbe less decrease in the tension when applied to this yarn than when applied to the desired yarn. Therefore, the accumulation of tension will soon reach a point where it breaks the yarn.
  • the average moisture content of the yarn must remain within the defined limits and that the moisture content throughout the yarn should not vary fromthe prescribed limits if a first quality tire yarn is to be produced.
  • the yarn contain a uniformly distributed lubricant. It is preferred that a nonaqueous and homogeneous lubricant or finish be used because it has been found that the aqueous emulsions are sometimes difiicult to apply uniformly to the yarn. In those situations Where the aqueous emulsions may be uniformly applied, there is normally an excess of lubricant used, thus adding materially to the cost of the operation. Any conventional tire yarn lubricant or finish may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Examples of these lubricants are sold commercially under the trade names of Nopco and Stantex. They are a solvent refined mineral oil and a solvent extracted sulfonated mineral oil mixture, and a vegetable oil sulfonate, respectively.
  • the uniform distribution of the lubricant may be obtained by any conventional means. For example, it is possible to treat the packages of tire yarn prior to the first drying with the lubricant in an aqueous emulsion. This is usually the last'step in the conventional aftertreating process for cakes of viscose rayon tire yarn. The cakes are then dried, and it' has been found that the lubricant is distributed on the yarn in a sufficiently uniform manner. However, in such a process, circulation of the aqueous emulsion is required which necessitates an excess quantity of lubricant, thereby increasing the cost of the operation.
  • the non-aqueous lubricant may be applied to the yarn by several methods.
  • the yarn may be -caused to contact a finishing roller to which is applied the non-aqueous lubricant. This will result in uniform distribution of the lubricant on the yarn, and at the same time, will contact the yarn with approximately that amount which may be absorbed by the yarn.
  • the lubricant maybe supplied to the finishing roller by any conventional method, such as by immersing a portion of the roller in the lubricant, or by supplying it to the roller surface from a tube.
  • the lubricant is supplied to the channel or tube in that quantity which the yarn can absorb at the speed at which the yarn passes through the tube.
  • the channel or tube should preferably have an internal diameter of not more than 1 mm.
  • the lubricant should be supplied to the channel or tube through a capillary. This will insure that the lubricant is uniformly distributed throughout the yarn.
  • the lubricant supplied totheyarn should be in sufficient quantity whereby the yarn will absorb about 0.1% to 1.5% by weight of the lubricant, and preferably at least 0.2%.
  • the amount to be supplied to the channel or tube can be easily determined by methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • the tension applied to the yarn may vary within rather wide limits as it is determined by the elongation of the yarn prior to stretching and the desired elongation.
  • Reference numeral 1 indicates generally a stretching device comprising two stepped rollers indicated generally at 2 and 3, respectively. Rollers 2 and 3 are mounted on freely rotatable shafts 4 and 5, respectively. It should be understood that shafts 4 and 5, while illustrated as freely rotatable, may also be positively driven at the same or different speeds without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.
  • Rollers 2 and 3 each comprise two portions or steps.
  • Roller 2 has two steps 6, 7 and roller 3 has steps 8, 9. These rollers are of substantially the same diameters with steps 6 and 8 being smaller in diameter than steps 7 and 9.
  • Peripheral grooves 10 are provided on steps 6, 7 and peripheral grooves 20 are on steps 8, 9, which grooves define the path of yarn 11 around rollers 2 and 3.
  • Yarn 11 of the desired average moisture content of 12 to 14% is drawn ofi supply package 13 through guide 12 into and through inclined tubular channel 18 having an internal diameter of 1 mm., and a length of 15 cm.
  • a conventional lubricant is supplied from a source (not shown) through a capillary tube 19 having an internal diameter of 1 mm. to the lower end 21 of channel 18.
  • the lubricant is supplied in an amount sufficient to be substantially completely absorbed by yarn 11 as it passes through channel 18 in contact with the lubricant.
  • yarn 11 After leaving channel .18, yarn 11 is guided by guide 14 onto the first grooves 20 of step 8 on roller 3. Thereafter the yarn is passed through grooves 10 and 20 of steps 6 and 8, respectively, as is more clearly shown in the figure. After leaving the last grooves 10 and 20 of steps 6 and 8, the yarn is passed in a similar manner over grooves 10 and 20 of steps 7 and 9 of rollers 2 and 3, respectively. By passing from steps 6 and 8 to steps 7 and 9, yarn 11 is stretched, as for example, about 14%. From groove 10 of step 9, yarn 11 passes through guide 15 to a traversing thread guide 16 thence to rotating package 17 on which yarn 11 is wound. The rotation of package 17 pulls the yarn 11 through the above described apparatus from package 13. It should be. understood that any winding device may be used, and also the yarn may be pulled from package 13 by positively driven rollers.
  • the impregnated yarn was thereafter led around stepped rollers 2 and 3 in the same manner as shown in the figure.
  • Steps 6 and 8 each were of a diameter of 46.5 mm.
  • steps 7 and 9 each had a diameter of 53.2 mm.
  • the yarn was stretched 14%, after which the yarn was wound into a bobbin under a tension of 100 grams. During the stretching the yarn was subjected to about 4000 grams tension.
  • the yarn had a strength of 8.2 kg. and an elongation of 13%.
  • the yarn was not fibrous and relatively few breaks occurred in the processing.
  • a cord manufactured by conventional means from this yarn had a strength of 16.0 kg., whereas a yarn which had been stretched in the presence of steam had a strength of 15.5 kg.
  • a yarn which had not been conditioned to the average moisture content of 12 to 14% and which did not contain a uniformly distributed lubricant was stretched by the same type system.
  • the yarn thus obtained was fibrous and many breaks occurred in processing.
  • a process for aftertreating viscose rayon yarn comprising the steps of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US17110A 1959-04-09 1960-03-23 Process for treating viscose rayon yarn Expired - Lifetime US3073003A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL237979 1959-04-09

Publications (1)

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US3073003A true US3073003A (en) 1963-01-15

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Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3073003A (ja)
BE (1) BE589301A (ja)
CH (1) CH379050A (ja)
DE (1) DE1174449B (ja)
ES (1) ES257059A1 (ja)
GB (1) GB906919A (ja)
NL (2) NL98096C (ja)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3325073A (en) * 1965-12-28 1967-06-13 Elitex Zavody Textilniho Thread measuring device
US3420983A (en) * 1966-09-21 1969-01-07 Henry W Mccard Rotating drum heater for synthetic yarn
US3475896A (en) * 1968-04-29 1969-11-04 Celanese Corp Stabilizing yarn threadline during twisting
CN110760968A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-02-07 雄县勤丰纺织制造有限公司 一种合股线牵伸还原装置以及使用其的纱线绕卷成型机
CN112760773A (zh) * 2021-01-05 2021-05-07 王一平 一种纺织生产混纺纱的拉伸装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4891872A (en) * 1988-05-09 1990-01-09 Sussman Martin V Apparatus for incrementally drawing fibers

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2218504A (en) * 1937-02-24 1940-10-22 Goodrich Co B F Apparatus for preparing cord for making articles such as pneumatic tires, belts, andthe like
US2847750A (en) * 1953-09-15 1958-08-19 Du Pont Fluid process for treating rayon yarn packages

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE534010C (de) * 1931-09-21 Carl Hamel Akt Ges Vorrichtung zum Strecken fertiger Kunstseidenfaeden
DE7527C (de) * 1879-04-22 1879-10-06 DESGARDIN und L. LEGRAND in St. Quentin Flüssigkeitsmesser
DE509634C (de) * 1926-12-11 1930-10-10 Franz J Gahlert Verfahren zum Nachbehandeln von Kunstseidenfaeden
DE617478C (de) * 1929-02-18 1935-08-23 Dr Karl Weissenberg Verfahren zur Veredelung von aus Cellulosederivaten bestehenden kuenstlichen Gebilden
DE854689C (de) * 1940-01-12 1952-11-20 Camille Dreyfus Dr Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Strecken von laufenden Textil-materialien, insbesondere von Faeden
DE940248C (de) * 1950-07-31 1956-03-15 Glanzstoff Ag Verfahren zur Qualitaetsverbesserung von Kunstseidefaeden, -zwirnen und -korden

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2218504A (en) * 1937-02-24 1940-10-22 Goodrich Co B F Apparatus for preparing cord for making articles such as pneumatic tires, belts, andthe like
US2847750A (en) * 1953-09-15 1958-08-19 Du Pont Fluid process for treating rayon yarn packages

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3325073A (en) * 1965-12-28 1967-06-13 Elitex Zavody Textilniho Thread measuring device
US3420983A (en) * 1966-09-21 1969-01-07 Henry W Mccard Rotating drum heater for synthetic yarn
US3475896A (en) * 1968-04-29 1969-11-04 Celanese Corp Stabilizing yarn threadline during twisting
CN110760968A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-02-07 雄县勤丰纺织制造有限公司 一种合股线牵伸还原装置以及使用其的纱线绕卷成型机
CN112760773A (zh) * 2021-01-05 2021-05-07 王一平 一种纺织生产混纺纱的拉伸装置
CN112760773B (zh) * 2021-01-05 2022-11-11 南昌市兰珠实业有限公司 一种纺织生产混纺纱的拉伸装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1174449B (de) 1964-07-23
GB906919A (en) 1962-09-26
NL98096C (ja)
BE589301A (nl) 1960-08-01
CH379050A (de) 1964-06-30
NL237979A (ja)
ES257059A1 (es) 1960-06-16

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