US2798364A - Means for storing and transporting cold liquid hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Means for storing and transporting cold liquid hydrocarbons Download PDF

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Publication number
US2798364A
US2798364A US366854A US36685453A US2798364A US 2798364 A US2798364 A US 2798364A US 366854 A US366854 A US 366854A US 36685453 A US36685453 A US 36685453A US 2798364 A US2798364 A US 2798364A
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Prior art keywords
tank
water
well
gas
storing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US366854A
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English (en)
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Willard L Morrison
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Constock Liquid Methane Corp
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Constock Liquid Methane Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/014—Suspension means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F17C2203/0316—Radiation shield cooled by vaporised gas from the interior
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0354—Wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0362—Thermal insulations by liquid means
    • F17C2203/037—Water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
    • F17C2203/0682—Special properties of materials for vessel walls with liquid or gas layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/011—Barges
    • F17C2270/0113—Barges floating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6416—With heating or cooling of the system
    • Y10T137/6579—Circulating fluid in heat exchange relationship
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6851—With casing, support, protector or static constructional installations
    • Y10T137/6855—Vehicle
    • Y10T137/6906—Aerial or water-supported [e.g., airplane or ship, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7287—Liquid level responsive or maintaining systems
    • Y10T137/7358—By float controlled valve
    • Y10T137/7423—Rectilinearly traveling float
    • Y10T137/7426—Float co-axial with valve or port
    • Y10T137/7436—Float rigid with valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86236—Tank with movable or adjustable outlet or overflow pipe

Definitions

  • One object of my invention is to provide a tank in which such exceedingly cold liquids may be stored or may be transported without danger that the excessively low temperature will have any deleterious effect on the steel wall of the tank.
  • the ambient air temperature may well vary as much as one hundred or more degrees Fahrenheit. For example, dealing with a barge that travels between Texas gulf ports and Chicago, there will be times when the air temperature to which the barge is exposed might be 115 or more degrees F. and there will be times when the air temperature, when the barge reaches its destination, may be below F. This results in a wide variation in the rate of evaporation and puts a serious burden on the control means.
  • the hydrocarbon with which my apparatus is to be used is highly combustible. It may even be toxic and so it is of the utmost importance that the tank containing it, even though at atmospheric pressure, remain tight and be as little as possible subjected to stresses and strains and distortions resulting from transportation.
  • each tank containing this cold liquid will be floated in a water containing well, thus the tank has a water jacket maintaining its temperature relatively constant and the water jacket also serves as a cushion so that shocks and stresses applied to the well will not reach the tank containing the gas.
  • the insulation may be impregnated with cold gas vaporized from the liquid but the temperature of the gas will be higher than that of the liquid and the cooling effect of the cold gas contacting the steel shell will be much less than would be the cooling effect of the liquid were it allowed to contact the shell.
  • the water jacket would only have to supply a relatively small amount of heat to maintain the tank shell at a temperature such that no deleterious elfect results from the presence of the exceedingly cold liquid gas.
  • Suitable guide means must be provided to center the gas tank in the well while leaving it free to have, within predetermined limits, angular, horizontal and vertical movement.
  • the level of the water in the well must be so controlled that the gas tank will always float, never resting on the floor of the well and never engaging the cover of the well.
  • the displacement of the tank will be in a constant state of flux requiring constant adjustment of the water level so that the tank will float freely at all times. It is important that the water in the well be in a constant state of circulation into the well, about the tank and out of the well as is necessary if the water in the well is to act effectively as a water jacket.
  • Figure 2 is a section on a larger scale along the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
  • 1 is a hull of a barge or ship or vessel.
  • 2 is a water well built therein as part of the vessel structure.
  • 3 are structural members between the Well 2 and the hull.
  • the Well is preferably cylindrical, preferably extends across a good part of the hull of the vessel and its height is less than its diameter.
  • 4 is the deck of the vessel extending across the top of the well 2.
  • 5 is a cylindrical gas tank adapted to float in the well 2.
  • the tank is of metal, and is smaller in diameter and height than the well. It is lined on top, bottom and sides by insulation 6, preferably balsa wood.
  • Tank 5 is adapted to contain liquefied hydrocarbon such as methane and the like at substantially atmospheric pressure and at temperatures in the order of 25 8 F.
  • the bulsa wood lining 6 keeps the liquefied gas out of contact with the steel wall of the tank 5 so the temperature of the steel wall is much higher than the temperature of the liquefied gas.
  • the tank 5 floats in the well 2 and is maintained in general concentricity with the well, by loosely interlocking guide means 7, which permit radial, angular and axial relative displacement of the gas tank and the water well.
  • Each well 8 is a supply pump driven by a motor 9. It may draw water from the outside of the barge through the conduit 10 for discharge through the conduit 11 to the well 2.
  • Each well includes an annular duct 12 fed from the conduit 11. Valves 13 control the flow from conduit 11 to each separate duct 12.
  • Each duct 12 has a plurality of spray apertures or nozzles 14 which direct the flow of water against the tank wall so that the water may flow downwardly along the wall toward the bottom of the well. Thus even that part of the tank wall not immersed in the bath of water in the well is water heated.
  • 15 is a discharge port at the bottom of the well. It communicates with a discharge passage 16 which discharges topump 16a which discharges through the wall of the vessel to the outside.
  • Ports 17 and 18 controlled by valves 19 and 20 make it possible, if desired, to circulate water from inside the hull. This may be especially desirable in the event that the barge is traveling in heavily silt-laden water.
  • a finger or needle valve extending downwardly from the bottom of the tank, penetrating the discharge port 15. This finger is tapered so that if the tank tends 3 to sink too far as a result of too rapid discharge of Water, the needle valve will decrease the flow, acting as a safety control, additional to the control which will be subsequently described.
  • valve 22 is a control valve in the discharge passage 16, adapted to be manipulated to control the rate of dis-v charge of water from each well just as the valves 13 control the rate of supply of water from the pump to each well.
  • the motors driving the supply and discharge pumps will be provided with controls, the details of which form no part of the present invention and are not further illustrated.
  • this control member 23 is a control member interposed between the tank and the well.
  • This control member preferably electrically controls the valves 13 and 22 and the pumpsand as the displacement of the gas tank increases and a greater depth of water is needed to float the tank, this will be supplied.
  • the displacement decreases and less depth of water is needed to float the tank and the control will provide it.
  • the essential point being that the amount of Water in the well must at all times be such that the gas tank floats Without contact with the floor or the cover of the well. 24 is a. port in the cover of the tank.
  • 25 is a port in the deck 4 or cover of the well, these ports being in register and joined by an accordion bellows 26.
  • 27 is a housing covering the two aligned ports and the bellows and is adapted to contain any suitable tank loading and unloading mechanism. Details of this mechanism form no part of the present invention and are not here illustrated.
  • Free flotation of the gas tank is exceedingly important because the tank which holds the gas must be protected from any sudden change in stress and strain resulting from the navigation conditions through which the barge or vessel is exposed.
  • the water circulation as shown can impinge on the roof of the gas tank and flow thereotf and down along the walls of the tank into the flotation water below.
  • Dealing with the very low temperatures involved experience teaches that the temperature above the level of the liquid hydrocarbon very rapidly rises above the normal temperature of the liquefied hydrocarbon at atmospheric pressures so under some circumstances it is sulficient to have only the lower portion of the gas tank subjected to the effect of the water warming but no harm is done if the entire surface of the tank is water warmed.
  • a tank on its way to point of use will be very nearly full and it is desirable to have a very etfective water cooling.
  • the amount of cool hydrocarbon available against which the steel tank must be protected decreases and so since the wei ht of the floating tank decreases at the same time, a decrease in, the amount of water supporting the tank can do no harm.
  • tank adapted to contai-na liquid, an inner tank spaced from said outer tank and adapted to contain the liquefied hydrocarbon, mean 'for restraining relative lateral movement between said tanks while permitting limited substantially unopposed relative vertical movement therebetween, an extensible conduit connected with the space within said inner tank and extending out of said outer tank, and means for maintaining in the space between said tanks, a constantly replenished quantity of a liquid, whose freezing' point is above the temperature of the liquefied hydrocarbon, in such amount as to just buoyantly support said inner tank.
  • a structure as defined in claim 1 characterized further in that said inner tank is provided with thermal insulation on all of its faces.
  • a structure as defined in claim 1 characterized further in that said inner tank is prismatic and provided with thermal insulation on all of its faces.
  • a structure as defined in claim 1 characterized further in that said inner tank is prismatic and provided with thermal insulation on all of its faces on its inner periphery.
  • a structure as defined in claim 1 characterized further in that said quantity of liquid is circulated to maintain the temperature of the tank walls at about the temperature of the liquid.
  • Means for storing, at about atmospheric pressure, a liquified hydrocarbon gas having a low boiling point at atmospheric pressure comprising in combination (a) an outer tank adapted to contain water, (b) an inner tank spaced from the outer tank and adapted to contain the liquefied hydrocarbon, (0) means for restraining relative lateral movement between said tanks while permitting limited substantially unopposed relative vertical movement therebetween, (d) an extensible conduit connected with the space Within said inner tank and extending out of said outer tank, (e) means for maintaining in the space between said tanks, a constantly replenished quantity of water whose freezing point is above the temperature of the liquefied hydrocarbon, and (f) spray means mounted to direct a water spray onto the outer surface of the inner tank to stabilize the temperature of the tank wall and to replenish the water between the inner and outer tanks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US366854A 1953-07-08 1953-07-08 Means for storing and transporting cold liquid hydrocarbons Expired - Lifetime US2798364A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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US366854A US2798364A (en) 1953-07-08 1953-07-08 Means for storing and transporting cold liquid hydrocarbons

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US366854A US2798364A (en) 1953-07-08 1953-07-08 Means for storing and transporting cold liquid hydrocarbons
GB14540/57A GB800008A (en) 1957-05-07 1957-05-07 Apparatus for storing liquefied gases

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US2798364A true US2798364A (en) 1957-07-09

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US373030A Expired - Lifetime US2807143A (en) 1953-08-07 1953-08-07 Means for storing and conveying large volumes of cold liquefied hydrocarbons

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BE (1) BE558123A (fi)
DE (1) DE1101203B (fi)
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GB (1) GB800008A (fi)

Cited By (25)

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US2896416A (en) * 1957-08-05 1959-07-28 Constock Int Methane Ltd Means for the transportation and storage of cold boiling liquefied hydrocarbon gas
US2929221A (en) * 1956-10-09 1960-03-22 Texaco Inc Method and apparatus for the transportation of liquefied petroleum products
US2933902A (en) * 1955-12-12 1960-04-26 Exxon Research Engineering Co Transportation of liquefied gases
US2959023A (en) * 1957-07-09 1960-11-08 British Oxygen Co Ltd Storage of liquefied gases
US2963873A (en) * 1957-07-10 1960-12-13 Texas Gas Transmission Corp Method and apparatus for storing liquefied gases
US3007598A (en) * 1958-06-24 1961-11-07 Conch Int Methane Ltd Tank construction
US3011321A (en) * 1957-12-02 1961-12-05 Texaco Inc Apparatus for the maintenance of liquefied petroleum products
US3021808A (en) * 1956-05-07 1962-02-20 Conch Int Methane Ltd Ship
US3040689A (en) * 1957-04-05 1962-06-26 Wm Cory & Son Ltd Marine tanker
US3050951A (en) * 1959-04-30 1962-08-28 Willard J Gebien Shipping container and method for transporting liquefied gases and the like
US3052203A (en) * 1957-11-29 1962-09-04 Conch Int Methane Ltd Ship and tank thereon
US3072087A (en) * 1958-06-25 1963-01-08 Conch Int Methane Ltd Cold cargo ship and construction
US3076423A (en) * 1957-04-05 1963-02-05 Wm Cory & Son Ltd Marine tankers
US3085538A (en) * 1958-06-24 1963-04-16 Conch Int Methane Ltd Ship for the transportation of a liquefied gas
US3094963A (en) * 1957-04-05 1963-06-25 Wm Cory & Son Ltd Marine tankers
US3136135A (en) * 1961-08-22 1964-06-09 Shell Oil Co Shipping liquefied gases
US3347057A (en) * 1960-09-27 1967-10-17 Marvin C Van Wanderham Rapid cooling method and apparatus
US3351036A (en) * 1966-03-18 1967-11-07 Exxon Research Engineering Co Jettison system for discharging fluid from a ship at sea
US3428205A (en) * 1966-09-07 1969-02-18 Mcmullen John J Arrangement for maintaining alignment of cold tanks within a ship or the like
US3712257A (en) * 1970-04-30 1973-01-23 Technigaz Method and device for supporting a conveyed tank against roll and pitch
US3789791A (en) * 1971-04-12 1974-02-05 Tenneco Oil Co Chemical hull patch
US4059424A (en) * 1975-02-25 1977-11-22 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for the controlled supply of cryogenic fluid
US4559995A (en) * 1982-04-21 1985-12-24 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Assembly for cooling and dampening vibrations of a unit mounted therein
US5383488A (en) * 1994-01-31 1995-01-24 Imtec Products, Inc. Apparatus and method for protecting chemical bath seals
US20140238052A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2014-08-28 Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Inner tank supporting structure for lng storage tank for ship

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US3043256A (en) * 1957-04-05 1962-07-10 Wm Cory & Son Ltd Marine tankers
BE571628A (fi) * 1957-10-01 1958-10-15
US2992622A (en) * 1957-12-20 1961-07-18 California Research Corp Tank stabilizer for ships
NL96771C (fi) * 1958-12-16
NL267430A (fi) * 1960-08-03
GB1002536A (en) * 1961-01-13 1965-08-25 Couch Internat Methane Ltd Improvements in or relating to the insulation of tanks for the storage of cryogenic liquids
DE1199650B (de) * 1961-04-11 1965-08-26 Willy H Schlieker K G Schiff zum Transport von Fluessiggasen
DE1192543B (de) * 1962-07-28 1965-05-06 Weser Ag Vorrichtung fuer eine Waermebewegung zulassende Abstuetzung von Ladegutbehaeltern in Frachtschiffen
DE1256236B (de) * 1963-02-14 1967-12-14 Mcmullen John J Waermeisolierter doppelwandiger Tank zur Lagerung oder zum Transport tiefsiedender verfluessigter Gase
US3283734A (en) * 1964-12-28 1966-11-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Externally insulated hull structure
DE1501738C3 (de) * 1965-03-15 1974-05-22 Mcmullen, John Joseph, Montclair, N.J. (V.St.A.) Wärmeisolierter doppelwandiger Tank zur Lagerung oder zum Transport tiefsiedender verflüssigter Gase bei etwa atmosphärischem Druck
SE333692B (fi) * 1966-09-01 1971-03-22 Linde Ag
US3948411A (en) * 1972-12-11 1976-04-06 Beatrice Foods Co. Liquefied gas container
WO2005056379A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-06-23 Single Buoy Moorings Inc. Modular offshore hydrocarbon storage and/or processing structure
FI20090029A0 (fi) 2009-02-02 2009-02-02 Northern Tanker Company Oy Öljy- ja bitumitankin sisäpuolinen lämpöeristys
FI122871B (fi) 2010-09-10 2012-08-15 Waertsilae Finland Oy LNG-säiliö
FR2965038B1 (fr) * 2010-09-22 2014-05-02 Total Sa Procede et dispositif de stockage d'un fluide cryogenique adaptes aux sols comprenant du pergelisol

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US1710006A (en) * 1927-01-06 1929-04-23 Albert Kaestner Hydraulic system for storing and delivering oil
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US2404765A (en) * 1945-06-12 1946-07-23 Glenn L Martin Co Self-locking vent system
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US2676773A (en) * 1951-01-08 1954-04-27 North American Aviation Inc Aircraft insulated fuel tank

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US1710006A (en) * 1927-01-06 1929-04-23 Albert Kaestner Hydraulic system for storing and delivering oil
US1779786A (en) * 1927-07-18 1930-10-28 Unzue Martin De Alzaga Safety tank
US2404418A (en) * 1942-10-05 1946-07-23 Walker Brooks Noncombustible fuel tank
US2404765A (en) * 1945-06-12 1946-07-23 Glenn L Martin Co Self-locking vent system
US2497153A (en) * 1946-06-25 1950-02-14 Cosakis Nicolas Airplane passenger carrier
US2676773A (en) * 1951-01-08 1954-04-27 North American Aviation Inc Aircraft insulated fuel tank

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933902A (en) * 1955-12-12 1960-04-26 Exxon Research Engineering Co Transportation of liquefied gases
US3021808A (en) * 1956-05-07 1962-02-20 Conch Int Methane Ltd Ship
US2929221A (en) * 1956-10-09 1960-03-22 Texaco Inc Method and apparatus for the transportation of liquefied petroleum products
US3094963A (en) * 1957-04-05 1963-06-25 Wm Cory & Son Ltd Marine tankers
US3076423A (en) * 1957-04-05 1963-02-05 Wm Cory & Son Ltd Marine tankers
US3040689A (en) * 1957-04-05 1962-06-26 Wm Cory & Son Ltd Marine tanker
US2959023A (en) * 1957-07-09 1960-11-08 British Oxygen Co Ltd Storage of liquefied gases
US2963873A (en) * 1957-07-10 1960-12-13 Texas Gas Transmission Corp Method and apparatus for storing liquefied gases
US2896416A (en) * 1957-08-05 1959-07-28 Constock Int Methane Ltd Means for the transportation and storage of cold boiling liquefied hydrocarbon gas
US3052203A (en) * 1957-11-29 1962-09-04 Conch Int Methane Ltd Ship and tank thereon
US3011321A (en) * 1957-12-02 1961-12-05 Texaco Inc Apparatus for the maintenance of liquefied petroleum products
US3085538A (en) * 1958-06-24 1963-04-16 Conch Int Methane Ltd Ship for the transportation of a liquefied gas
US3007598A (en) * 1958-06-24 1961-11-07 Conch Int Methane Ltd Tank construction
US3072087A (en) * 1958-06-25 1963-01-08 Conch Int Methane Ltd Cold cargo ship and construction
US3050951A (en) * 1959-04-30 1962-08-28 Willard J Gebien Shipping container and method for transporting liquefied gases and the like
DE1165054B (de) * 1959-04-30 1964-03-12 Willard Julius Gebien Vorrichtung zum Transport tiefsiedender verfluessigter Gase
US3347057A (en) * 1960-09-27 1967-10-17 Marvin C Van Wanderham Rapid cooling method and apparatus
US3136135A (en) * 1961-08-22 1964-06-09 Shell Oil Co Shipping liquefied gases
US3351036A (en) * 1966-03-18 1967-11-07 Exxon Research Engineering Co Jettison system for discharging fluid from a ship at sea
US3428205A (en) * 1966-09-07 1969-02-18 Mcmullen John J Arrangement for maintaining alignment of cold tanks within a ship or the like
US3712257A (en) * 1970-04-30 1973-01-23 Technigaz Method and device for supporting a conveyed tank against roll and pitch
USRE28411E (en) * 1970-04-30 1975-05-06 Technigaz Method and device for supporting a conveyed tank against roll and pitch
US3789791A (en) * 1971-04-12 1974-02-05 Tenneco Oil Co Chemical hull patch
US4059424A (en) * 1975-02-25 1977-11-22 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for the controlled supply of cryogenic fluid
US4559995A (en) * 1982-04-21 1985-12-24 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Assembly for cooling and dampening vibrations of a unit mounted therein
US5383488A (en) * 1994-01-31 1995-01-24 Imtec Products, Inc. Apparatus and method for protecting chemical bath seals
WO1995020740A1 (en) * 1994-01-31 1995-08-03 Imtec Products, Inc. Apparatus and method for protecting chemical bath seals
US20140238052A1 (en) * 2011-10-18 2014-08-28 Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Inner tank supporting structure for lng storage tank for ship

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1101203B (de) 1961-03-02
BE558123A (fi) 1900-01-01
FR1175820A (fr) 1959-04-02
US2807143A (en) 1957-09-24
GB800008A (en) 1958-08-20

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