US2600007A - One-piece breech block for automatic firearms with pivoted locking members - Google Patents

One-piece breech block for automatic firearms with pivoted locking members Download PDF

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Publication number
US2600007A
US2600007A US661310A US66131046A US2600007A US 2600007 A US2600007 A US 2600007A US 661310 A US661310 A US 661310A US 66131046 A US66131046 A US 66131046A US 2600007 A US2600007 A US 2600007A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
breech
locking
breech block
piece
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US661310A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lippert Hanns
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG filed Critical Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2600007A publication Critical patent/US2600007A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F41A3/40—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes mounted on the bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
    • F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
    • F41A15/14—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on or within the bolt; Extractors per se
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
    • F41A17/64—Firing-pin safeties, i.e. means for preventing movement of slidably- mounted strikers
    • F41A17/66—Firing-pin safeties, i.e. means for preventing movement of slidably- mounted strikers automatically operated, i.e. operated by breech opening or closing movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/30—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in bolt-action guns
    • F41A19/31—Sear arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/82—Coil spring buffers

Definitions

  • Automatic fire arms may be subdivided into two groups according to their breach mechanism, viz. those one-piece and those with two-piece breech.
  • Automatic fire arms with one-piece breech involve the necessity of a barrel recoil in order to actuate the breech mechanism, whilst in automatic fire arms with two-piece breech the control of the breech mechanism is effected by the relative motion of one breech part in relation to the other.
  • fire arms with two-piece breech must, as a rule, be designed as gas operated guns if it is not considered advisable to use for this purpose the barrel recoil, in order to bring about, by means of a catapult, the rearward motion of the one breech part carrying out the locking operation.
  • the present invention relates to a fire arm with one-piece breech, which for this very reason eliminates the drawbacks connected with the two-piece breech, and besides constitutes an extraordinary simplification as to design, as compared with existing one-piece breaches.
  • the automatic fire arm with one-piece breech according to the present invention is provided with a pre-tensioned energy accumulator which moves the locking organ into locking position as soon as the breech reaches its end position.
  • the tensioning of the energy accumulator is suitably eifected by the organ provided for locking the breech.
  • the energy accumulator itself can suitably be designed as a spring of such dimensions as will enable it to take up the major part of the forward travel energy of the breech block, so that the breech block shall strike the cartridge chamber with a lessened shock only.
  • the locking organ is shaped as a round lock gliding with its milled ends in a groove of the breech casing and, in the front breech position, rotating so as to catch, through its milled ends, in a hole of the breech casing.
  • the round lock is suitably provided with a lever contacting with a body gliding in the cradle against the action of a spring, thus tensioning the spring until, in the extreme front breech position, this spring, by discharging the accumulated energy, moves the lock into locking position.
  • the striker is also suitably controlled by the round lock itself, in such a manner that the striker may only be released after the locking position has been reached.
  • a toggle (knee lever) could be used,' contacting with a fixed stop of the breech casing and thus locking the breech block, the toggle being controlled in a manner similar to the round lock.
  • the energy accumulator i. e. the spring actuating the looking organ in the end position of the breech block, controlled by the barrel recoil-by way of example-instead of by the forward travel of the breech block.
  • a locking organ to be released through the forward travel of the breech block may be provided.
  • Fig. 1 is a section through a fire arm schematically represented.
  • Fig. 2 a view of the locking organ in perspective
  • Figs. 37 the various positions of the locking organ
  • Fig. 8 a section through the striker control mechanism in the open position of the locking organ.
  • Fig. 9 a section through the striker control mechanism in the locked position of the locking organ
  • Fig. 10 a section through a constructional example in which the spring tensioning is brought about by the barrel recoil
  • Fig. 11 a section through a fire arm in which a toggle (knee lever) is used as locking organ
  • Figs. 12-13 two different positions of the knee lever.
  • the fire arm consists in known manner of a breech casing in which the barrel 2 is inserted by means of a bayonet joint.
  • the breech casing slides on the cradle 3, against the spring 4.
  • the breech block 5 sliding in the breech casing stands under the action of the recuperating spring 6.
  • In the cradle is a body 1 which can move forward and backward on the cradle against the spring 8.
  • the locking organ 9 designed as a round lock has two milled ends I!) by means of which the locking organ slides in slots ending in a hole l2.
  • the round lock 9 is fitted with a lever
  • the roller l4 first strikes the body During the further forward travel of the breech block the spring 8 is tensioned, so that the body 1 takes up the position shown in Fig. 4. As soon as the milled ends I! of the round lock reach a position in front of the hole l2, coinciding with the breech block front position, the energy accumulated in the spring 8 forces back the body and the lever l3 as well, thus moving the milled ends I into locking position, as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the barrel Upon release of the shot the barrel travels rearward together with the breech casing, and the lever l3, i. e. its roller I4, comes into contact with the rear edge of a corresponding recess of the body i.
  • the lock On the breech casing and barrel moving further back, the lock is caused to rotate out of the locked position, as shown in Fig. 6, and to occupy the position shown in Fig. 7, in which the breech block is able to travel rearwardly against the action of the recuperating spring, under the action of the remaining gases.
  • the round lock 9 is provided with two milled recesses l and I6 through which the striker is controlled.
  • the striker itself is seated in a hole l8 and stands under the action of a spring l9.
  • the striker possesses two turned grooves 20 and 2
  • the body 22 is slidingly seated in the breech block and stands under the action of a spring 25.
  • a body sliding in the cradle is again provided, standing under the action of the spring 8.
  • the spring 8 does not contact with a part rigidly connected with the cradle, but, on the contrary, with a part rigidly connected with the barrel.
  • the breech casing carries a locking lever 21 swinging round a bolt 26, which lever, through a nose 28, catches into a corresponding recess 29 of the body
  • the locking lever 21 stands under the action of a spring 30 which has the tendency to keep it within the recess 29 of the body 1.
  • of the locking lever 2'! lies in the path of a stop 32 of the breech block 5.
  • the tensioning of the spring 8 is here brought about, not by the forward travel of the breech block, but by the barrel recoil; the locking lever 27 catches into the recess 29 of the body 1, keeping the spring 8 tensioned, so that the body I, together with the barrel and the breech casing, again travels forward.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 show a constructional example in which, in place of the round lock, a toggle (knee lever) 33 is provided.
  • the knee lever 33 swivellingly seated in the breech block, catches through its end 34 behind a face 35 of the breech casing, thus locking the breech block.
  • control mechanism is similar to the constructional example according to Figs. 1-7.
  • Automatic fire arm comprising a barrel, a breech casing, a one-piece breech block slidable in the casing, a locking member associated with the breech block, and a pre-tensioned energy accumulator operative to move the looking member into locking position as the breech block reaches its forward end position, said locking member including a rounded portion and being provided with milled ends, the breech casing having slots within which said milled ends slide and ending in a circular bore within which said rounded por- 5 tion can rotate when the milled ends clear the slots.
  • Automatic fire arm comprising a cradle, a barrel slidable relative thereto, a breech casing, a one-piece breech block slidable in the casing, a locking member associated with the breech block, a pre-tensioned energy accumulator operative to move the locking member into locking position as the breech block reaches its forward end position, the energy accumulator comprising a spring arranged to be acted upon by a part of the barrel to be tensioned by the barrel recoil, and a locking device acting to hold the spring in tensioned condition and arranged in the forward path of the breech block to be released by the breech block as it reaches its extreme forward position.
  • Automatic firearm comprising a barrel, a breech casing, a one-piece breech block slidably mounted in the casing, a locking member mounted on the breech block and held in nonlocking position during the forward movement of the breech block, said casing being provided with a cutout for the locking member so positioned as to enable said member to be moved into locking position relative to the breech block 'as the block reaches its forward end position,

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Buckles (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US661310A 1945-04-21 1946-04-11 One-piece breech block for automatic firearms with pivoted locking members Expired - Lifetime US2600007A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH264637T 1945-04-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2600007A true US2600007A (en) 1952-06-10

Family

ID=32231713

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US661310A Expired - Lifetime US2600007A (en) 1945-04-21 1946-04-11 One-piece breech block for automatic firearms with pivoted locking members
US707968A Expired - Lifetime US2523704A (en) 1945-04-21 1946-11-05 Automatic firearm breech bolt locking mechanism

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US707968A Expired - Lifetime US2523704A (en) 1945-04-21 1946-11-05 Automatic firearm breech bolt locking mechanism

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US2600007A (es)
BE (1) BE464718A (es)
CH (3) CH264637A (es)
DE (3) DE844558C (es)
FR (3) FR925818A (es)
GB (3) GB612182A (es)
NL (1) NL72471C (es)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2762267A (en) * 1951-03-05 1956-09-11 Bofors Ab Safety device for automatic weapons
US2807195A (en) * 1948-07-01 1957-09-24 Musser Clarence Walton Cartridge case holder and extractor and breech mechanism for heavy caliber recoilless gun
US2919630A (en) * 1957-06-14 1960-01-05 Willard J Hoyt Firearm with breech block retarding means
US2923205A (en) * 1955-10-08 1960-02-02 Bardelli Arturo Automatic arms
US3103142A (en) * 1961-01-13 1963-09-10 William P Hidden Bolt mechanism for an automatic firearm
EP0107920A1 (en) * 1982-10-06 1984-05-09 Junker Systems, Inc. A firearm
EP0199259A1 (en) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-29 Aktiebolaget Bofors An apparatus for increasing the rate of fire in automatic weapons
US6772670B2 (en) * 2001-02-26 2004-08-10 Alexandr Alexandrovich Koursakoff Operating method for automatic weapons and automatic revolver based thereon
WO2005031242A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-04-07 Tabarruk Abdullaev Firearm with breech opening delaying mechanism
US8783158B2 (en) * 2008-10-09 2014-07-22 Kriss Systems Sa Delayed blowback firearms with novel mechanisms for control of recoil and muzzle climb
RU2623127C2 (ru) * 2015-11-03 2017-06-22 Николай Борисович Кретов Запирающий механизм стрелкового оружия
RU2623290C2 (ru) * 2015-11-03 2017-06-23 Николай Борисович Кретов Запирающий механизм стрелкового оружия (варианты)
RU2623291C2 (ru) * 2015-11-03 2017-06-23 Николай Борисович Кретов Запирающий механизм стрелкового оружия

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0705723B1 (de) * 1992-03-25 1998-02-04 BARYSHEV, Anatoly Filippovich Verriegelungseinrichtung einer schützenwaffe oder eines artilleriegeschützes
DE102017104545B4 (de) 2017-03-03 2019-07-11 J.G. ANSCHÜTZ GmbH & Co. KG Verriegelung einer Verschlusshülse eines Verschlusses einer Feuerwaffe

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US515064A (en) * 1894-02-20 Fireaem operated by gases of explosion
US1709162A (en) * 1925-04-21 1929-04-16 William I Westervelt Automatic gun
US2112660A (en) * 1929-06-26 1938-03-29 Robert F Hudson Automatic gun
US2348790A (en) * 1938-12-12 1944-05-16 Kiraly Paul De Breech mechanism for automatic firearms
US2365389A (en) * 1941-11-04 1944-12-19 J M & M S Browning Company Firearm

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US624145A (en) * 1899-05-02 Automatic firearm
DE336395C (de) * 1917-09-01 1921-04-30 Rheinische Metallw & Maschf Selbsttaetige Feuerwaffe mit gleitendem Lauf
NL27886C (es) * 1929-05-01
DE706158C (de) * 1937-03-12 1941-05-19 Rheinmetall Borsig Akt Ges Selbsttaetige Feuerwaffe mit gleitendem Lauf

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US515064A (en) * 1894-02-20 Fireaem operated by gases of explosion
US1709162A (en) * 1925-04-21 1929-04-16 William I Westervelt Automatic gun
US2112660A (en) * 1929-06-26 1938-03-29 Robert F Hudson Automatic gun
US2348790A (en) * 1938-12-12 1944-05-16 Kiraly Paul De Breech mechanism for automatic firearms
US2365389A (en) * 1941-11-04 1944-12-19 J M & M S Browning Company Firearm

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807195A (en) * 1948-07-01 1957-09-24 Musser Clarence Walton Cartridge case holder and extractor and breech mechanism for heavy caliber recoilless gun
US2762267A (en) * 1951-03-05 1956-09-11 Bofors Ab Safety device for automatic weapons
US2923205A (en) * 1955-10-08 1960-02-02 Bardelli Arturo Automatic arms
US2919630A (en) * 1957-06-14 1960-01-05 Willard J Hoyt Firearm with breech block retarding means
US3103142A (en) * 1961-01-13 1963-09-10 William P Hidden Bolt mechanism for an automatic firearm
EP0107920A1 (en) * 1982-10-06 1984-05-09 Junker Systems, Inc. A firearm
EP0199259A1 (en) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-29 Aktiebolaget Bofors An apparatus for increasing the rate of fire in automatic weapons
US4730539A (en) * 1985-04-26 1988-03-15 Aktiebolaget Bofors Apparatus for increasing the rate of fire in automatic weapons
US6772670B2 (en) * 2001-02-26 2004-08-10 Alexandr Alexandrovich Koursakoff Operating method for automatic weapons and automatic revolver based thereon
WO2005031242A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-04-07 Tabarruk Abdullaev Firearm with breech opening delaying mechanism
US8783158B2 (en) * 2008-10-09 2014-07-22 Kriss Systems Sa Delayed blowback firearms with novel mechanisms for control of recoil and muzzle climb
RU2623127C2 (ru) * 2015-11-03 2017-06-22 Николай Борисович Кретов Запирающий механизм стрелкового оружия
RU2623290C2 (ru) * 2015-11-03 2017-06-23 Николай Борисович Кретов Запирающий механизм стрелкового оружия (варианты)
RU2623291C2 (ru) * 2015-11-03 2017-06-23 Николай Борисович Кретов Запирающий механизм стрелкового оружия

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL72471C (es)
CH270455A (de) 1950-08-31
BE464718A (es)
GB626502A (en) 1949-07-15
GB612182A (en) 1948-11-09
DE851914C (de) 1952-10-09
FR54965E (fr) 1951-06-05
FR55172E (fr) 1951-10-02
CH270454A (de) 1950-08-31
CH264637A (de) 1949-10-31
US2523704A (en) 1950-09-26
DE844558C (de) 1952-07-21
DE851913C (de) 1952-10-09
FR925818A (fr) 1947-09-15
GB614534A (en) 1948-12-16

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