US2119523A - Pyrophosphate ester bleaching agent - Google Patents

Pyrophosphate ester bleaching agent Download PDF

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Publication number
US2119523A
US2119523A US736907A US73690734A US2119523A US 2119523 A US2119523 A US 2119523A US 736907 A US736907 A US 736907A US 73690734 A US73690734 A US 73690734A US 2119523 A US2119523 A US 2119523A
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Prior art keywords
alcohol
bleaching
alcohols
agents
pyrophosphate
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US736907A
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English (en)
Inventor
Butz Karl
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H Th Bohme AG
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H Th Bohme AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K21/00—Fluid-delivery valves, e.g. self-closing valves
    • F16K21/04—Self-closing valves, i.e. closing automatically after operation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3937—Stabilising agents
    • C11D3/394—Organic compounds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C5/00—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles
    • E06C5/02—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members
    • E06C5/04—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members capable of being elevated or extended ; Fastening means during transport, e.g. mechanical, hydraulic
    • E06C5/06—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members capable of being elevated or extended ; Fastening means during transport, e.g. mechanical, hydraulic by piston and cylinder, or equivalent means, operated by a pressure medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/12—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit with one plug turning in another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K35/00—Means to prevent accidental or unauthorised actuation
    • F16K35/14—Means to prevent accidental or unauthorised actuation interlocking two or more valves

Definitions

  • This invention relates to bleaching agents hav-mshould contain at least one alkyl radical of at ing strong Wetting, emulsifying and cleansing properties, and also to processes by which they may be prepared. More particularly it concerns the addition products of pyrophosphate esters of higher molecular alcohol compounds-with oxygen delivering bleaching agents.
  • Bleaching agents heretofore used or proposed for use in the industrial arts which most clearly approach those of the present invention have been mechanical mixtures of persalts such as the perborates with various soaps, soap powders, alkaline substances and fatty alcohol sulfuric acid esters. All of these mixtures have had the defect that they decompose and lose their available oxygen in a short while when stored, particularly when in a damp atmosphere, with the result that their effectiveness is often considerably impaired before they can be used.
  • a principal object of the present invention is to provide very effective bleaching agents having strong wetting, emulsifying and mechanically purifying properties which possess almost unlimited stability when stored;
  • Another object is to provide bleaching and washing agents which because of their neutral character in solution are suitable for many uses both in industry and in the household for treating textiles and other fibrous materials.
  • the process of the present invention comprises reacting higher molecular alcohol compounds with pyrophosphating agents and with peroxide bleaching agents.
  • the higher molecular alcohol compounds suitable include the aliphatic alcohols having at least 8 carbon atoms which may be either saturated or unsaturated, primary or secondary, monohydroxy or polyhydroxy compounds.
  • octyl, dodecyl, cetyl, stearyl, carnaubyl, undecyl, and oleyl alcohols instead of the alcohols themselves, there also may be used the sulfonation products thereof, particularly their sulfuric acid esters.
  • the saturated monohydroxy primary alcohols having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms are especially suitable.
  • the hydrocyclic and aromatic alcohols having at least six carbon'atoms may be used such as, for example, cyclohexanol, methyl cyclohexanol, the naphthenyl alcohols and benzyl alcohol.
  • the sulfonation products of these alcohols may be used.
  • the dialkylethers of polyhydroxy alcohols with mono or other polyhydroxy alcohols, saturated or unsaturated and their sulfuric acid esters are also suitable, which ethers least 3 carbon atoms, the other radical if desired, containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • the sulfuric group of the esters of these ethers may be joined either to the short chain or the long chain alkyl radical. Examples of such ethers of which the esters are suitable are the mono-ethyl ether of octadecandiol, and the mono glycol or the glyceryl ether of lauryl alcohol.
  • alcohols and sulfate esters may be referred to collectively by the general formula CnHm(OY)X, wherein 11. is at least 8, m is equal to, more or less than n, a: is at least one and Y is an H atom or an SOsI-I radical.
  • the pyrophosphating agents suitable in the present process include pyrophosphoric acid itself and its acid and neutral soluble salts. Of the salts, those of the alkali metal are preferred, but there also may be used the alkaline earth salts and the ammonium salt. As examples, sodium pyrophosphate, and potassium pyrophosphate are quite satisfactory. These agents may be collectively referred to by the general formula Z4P2O7, Wherin Z is an H atom, an NH4 radical or a metal capable of producing a water soluble salt with pyrophosphoric acid.
  • oxygen delivering bleaching agents there may be mentioned hydrogen peroxide, sodium peroxide, sodium perborate, perboric acid and percarbonate. These compounds are of the general formula Z'O-O-Z", wherein Z and Z are H atoms, alkali metals or radicals of inorganic peroxides or persalts.
  • the hydrogen peroxide may be employed either in the form of an aqueous solution or in the form of vapor, for the addition with the pyrophosphate ester readily takes place.
  • One feature of the present process is the ability to vary the quantity of available oxygen combined in the phosphate ester of the alcohol whereby products can be produced which are suitable for effecting most any desired degree of bleaching therefore rendering them suitable in many diverse bleaching operations requiring different severity of oxygen treatment.
  • Example 1 A mixture of alcohols obtainable by the reduction of cocoanut oil fatty acids in a quantity of 400 grams are esterified with 180 grams of pure pyrophosphoric acid at to C.
  • the pyrophosphoric acid is used preferably in a pure form because impurities which are sometimes found in the unpurified product catalyze the final product and prematurely liberate the oxygen in the mass thereby destroying its stability.
  • the esterified reaction product is then search neutralized with 80 grams of caustic soda and thereafter if desired, purified and recrystallized by treatment with alcohol and ether in known manner.
  • a pure sodium pyrophosphoric acid ester is obtained having the formula, RzNazPzov, wherein R represents the alkyl radical of the alcohol, principally the lauryl radical.
  • Example 2200 grams of myristyl alcohol are esterified with 540 grams of pure phosphoric acid at a temperature suitably between about 100 to 110 C. Thereafter the ester is neutralized with 360 grams of caustic soda, thereby forming a product having the formula R.Na9(PsO20). In contrast to the product of Example 1, this substance is insoluble in alcohol.
  • a paste of 464 grams of this purified dry ester with 215 cc. of hydrogen peroxide a reaction product is obtained which may be purified by adding about 800 cc. of alcohol which addition causes the mass to precipitate out. The alcohol may be satisfactorily removed merely by filtering.
  • Example 3 --Twenty kgs. o'f'a mixture of alcohols such as described in Example 1 are sulfonated with kgs. of concentrated sulfuric acid at a temperature suitably at about 60 C. or lower if desired. During stirring 40 kgs. of anhydrous sodium pyrophosphate are-slowly added into the acid sulfonation product. The mass should be cooled if such is necessary to maintain the temperature below 100 C. After about two hours the sodium pyrophosphate powder is completely dissolved and reacted and a viscous redbrown substance obtained which when mixed with water forms a clear solution.
  • the treatment with the pyrophosphate re-esterifies the alcohol by substituting pyrophosphate groups for most of the sulfate groups.
  • the reaction product is introduced into 5'7 kgs. of hydrogen peroxide of 40% strength. After itgoes completely into solution the mass may be further treated by adding "14 kgs. of anhydrous sodium pyrophosphate.
  • anhydrous sodium pyrophosphate During a substantial increase in temperature a homogeneous smooth paste is obtained having a content of 11% fatty alcohol and 11% hydrogen peroxide. This paste is readily soluble in Water and is exceedingly stable during storage. It can be easily dried and ground into a fine powder, which powder on analysis is found to possess 14% fatty alcohol and 16% active oxygen.
  • Example 4.Two hundred kgs. of a mixture of alcohols such as specified in Example 1 are sul fonated with 108 kgs. of chlorosulfonic acid at about 50 C.
  • the acid sulfonation product is added during stirring into a mass composed 'of 330 kgs. of sodium pyrophosphate dissolved in 900 liters of Water.
  • a reaction takes place and a neutral, viscous solution results which may be advantageously dried by atomization in a drying plant at a temperature of about 105 C.
  • the powdered product obtained in this manner contains about fatty alcohol and 50% pyrophosphoric acid.
  • the bleaching properties may be added by treating this product with one or more inorganic persalts in any desired proportions, thereby forming an exceedingly stable powdered bleaching agent.
  • the active oxygen liberated from the reagents during use is eifective to a much higher degree than in prior products, for the reason that the bleaching agent penetrates more readily into the center of the fibers where color impurities are found which for best results must be removed.
  • novel bleaching agents are of particular value in the treatment of textiles in the industrial arts as well as in the household wherever a combined bleaching and Washing is desired. They are excellently suitable for use with vat dyeing operations wherein oxidizing and soap treatments are necessary. These two treatments instead of being effected in succession may now be successfully carried out at one and the same time. Dyeings and printings wherein dyes of the indanthrene type are employed are particularly advantageously effected.
  • the invention in its broadest aspects includes as an initial material any alcohol capable of forming esters with pyrophosphoric acid compounds by either direct or indirect action, possessing emulsifying and cleansing properties of a degree commensurate with the requirements of the use for which the final product is intended.
  • the initial reaction of the alcohol compound with the sulfonating agent may be substituted by a reaction with any other acid capable of facilitating the esterification with the pyrophosphoric acid.
  • any other acid capable of facilitating the esterification with the pyrophosphoric acid.
  • an acetylation or a boration of the alcohol can be employed with beneficial results though at a greater expense.
  • the process of producing bleaching and washing agents comprising reacting a higher molecular alcohol compound having at least 6 carbon atoms with a pyrophosphating agent and with a peroxide bleaching agent.
  • Eras iitleiellte 2 The process of producing bleaching and washing agents comprising reacting a higher molecular aliphatic alcohol having at least 8 carbon atoms with a pyrophosphating agent and with a peroxide bleaching agent.
  • the step comprising reacting a water soluble salt of pyrophosphoric acid ester of a higher molecular alcohol compound having at least 6 carbon atoms with a peroxide bleaching agent.
  • the step comprising reacting an alkali metal salt of pyrophosphoric acid ester of a higher molecular aliphatic alcohol having at least 8 carbon atoms with a peroxide bleaching agent.
  • the process comprising reacting a sulfonate-d mixture of alcohols obtained by reduction of fatty acids of cocoanut oil with an alkali metal salt of pyrophosphoricacid, and combining said product with a hu'antity of 'sodium perborate dependent upon the content of available oxygen desired in the final product.
  • washing and bleaching agents comprising sulfating a higher molecular alcohol having at least 8 carbon atoms, re-esterifying the alcohol sulfate with a pyrophosphating agent whereby most of the sulphuric groups are replaced, and reacting the mass with a peroxide bleaching agent.
  • washing and bleaching agents comprising sulfating a higher molecular alcohol having at least 8 carbon atoms, re-esterifying the alcohol sulfate with a pyrophosphating agent whereby most of the sulfuric groups are replaced, reacting the mass with hydrogen peroxide and adding sodium pyrophosphate to form a paste.
  • washing and cleaning agents having bleaching properties comprising sulfonating an alcohol having at least 6 carbon atoms, reacting the resulting product with anhydrous sodium pyrophosphate and then with hydrogen peroxide.
  • a soluble salt of pyrophosphoric acid ester of an aliphatic alcohol having at least 8 carbon atoms containing a combined oxygen-delivering bleaching agent is provided.
  • the process comprising reacting a compound of the general formula CnHm(OY) x, Wherein n is at least 8, m is equal to, more or less than n, a: is at least 1, and Y is an H atom or an SOsH radical with a pyrophosphating agent of the general formula Z4P2O7, wherein Z represents a member of the group consisting of an H atom; NI-Ir or a metal producing'a water soluble salt and with a compound capable of delivering active oxygen of the general formula Z'-O-O-Z", wherein Z and Z represent members of the group consisting of H' atoms, alkali metals or radicals of inorganic peracids or persalts.
  • washing and bleaching agents comprising sulfating a mixture of alcohols obtained by reduction of fatty acids KARL BUTZ.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
US736907A 1933-07-28 1934-07-25 Pyrophosphate ester bleaching agent Expired - Lifetime US2119523A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE425804X 1933-07-28

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US (1) US2119523A (xx)
BE (1) BE403252A (xx)
FR (1) FR773751A (xx)
GB (1) GB425804A (xx)
NL (1) NL40055C (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2540114A (en) * 1947-07-23 1951-02-06 Ward Baking Co Hydrocarbon additive oils
US2866680A (en) * 1955-03-02 1958-12-30 Ray S Long Alkyl pyrophosphate metal solvent extractants and process
DE1133726B (de) * 1960-03-22 1962-07-26 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung neuer Perhydrate von Acylierungsprodukten der phosphorigen Saeure

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2576205A (en) * 1945-08-25 1951-11-27 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Denture cleansing composition
NL113890C (xx) * 1955-07-27
NL264849A (xx) * 1960-05-27

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2540114A (en) * 1947-07-23 1951-02-06 Ward Baking Co Hydrocarbon additive oils
US2866680A (en) * 1955-03-02 1958-12-30 Ray S Long Alkyl pyrophosphate metal solvent extractants and process
DE1133726B (de) * 1960-03-22 1962-07-26 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung neuer Perhydrate von Acylierungsprodukten der phosphorigen Saeure

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FR773751A (fr) 1934-11-26
NL40055C (xx)
GB425804A (en) 1935-03-21
BE403252A (xx)

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