US20250198164A1 - Simplified staircase - Google Patents

Simplified staircase Download PDF

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Publication number
US20250198164A1
US20250198164A1 US19/064,673 US202519064673A US2025198164A1 US 20250198164 A1 US20250198164 A1 US 20250198164A1 US 202519064673 A US202519064673 A US 202519064673A US 2025198164 A1 US2025198164 A1 US 2025198164A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
protrusions
simplified
girder
staircase
girders
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Pending
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US19/064,673
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroko HEMMI
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Hemmi Kikaku Co Ltd
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Hemmi Kikaku Co Ltd
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Assigned to HEMMI KIKAKU CO., LTD. reassignment HEMMI KIKAKU CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HEMMI, Hiroko
Publication of US20250198164A1 publication Critical patent/US20250198164A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/022—Stairways; Layouts thereof characterised by the supporting structure
    • E04F11/0223—Cantilevered stairways
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/104—Treads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F2011/0203—Miscellaneous features of stairways not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/104—Treads
    • E04F2011/1046—Miscellaneous features of treads not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • a simplified staircase that is installed on a sloping ground includes: a plurality of girders that form a plurality of steps; one or more longitudinal connecting members that connect the plurality of girders in a vertical direction at intervals; a plurality of fixing piles that fix the plurality of girders to the sloping ground.
  • At least one of the plurality of girders includes: one or more first protrusions that protrude from a front side of an upper surface of the at least one of the plurality of girders; and one or more second protrusions that protrude from a rear side of the upper surface of the at least one of the plurality of girders.
  • the one or more second protrusions are higher than the one or more first protrusions in height.
  • one or more second processes are larger than one or more first processes in lateral dimensions.
  • one or more first processes or one or more second processes are elongated and wavy in the lateral direction in a planar view.
  • the at least one girder is a cylinder for receiving the arch or heel portion of the sole of a person going up and down a simplified staircase, and a first half of the sole of a person climbing a simplified staircase.
  • One or more first protrusions are erected on the upper surface of the bridle, and one or more second protrusions are erected on the upper surface of the cylinder.
  • the upper surface of the cylinder portion is curved in an arc shape at the side view and bulges upward from the upper surface of the bridle.
  • a simplified staircase in which the first half from the highest point on the upper surface of the cylinder to the boundary with the brass portion is inclined in the posterior upward direction with respect to the upper surface of the brass portion.
  • one or more longitudinal connecting members are attached to each girder by means of a fixing pile without using a separate fixture.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a simplified staircase according to one embodiment installed on a sloping ground.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the girder from the upper left front side.
  • FIG. 4 a plan view of the girder.
  • FIG. 6 is a right-side view of the girder (an example of the positional relationship with the shoe when the user climbs the stairs is also shown).
  • FIG. 9 is a rear view of the girder.
  • FIG. 11 is a photograph and explanatory diagram of the structure of connecting two girders horizontally from the bottom.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view of a longitudinal connecting member according to a modification.
  • FIG. 13 is a left-side view showing an example of a configuration in which a longitudinal connecting member is attached to a girder using a fixed pile.
  • the simplified staircase 1 is installed on a sloping ground 2 such as a mountain trail, a steel tower patrol path, or a slope, for example.
  • a sloping ground 2 such as a mountain trail, a steel tower patrol path, or a slope, for example.
  • the front, back, right, left, upper and lower directions or sides from the perspective of the person climbing the simplified staircase 1 are referred to as “front”, “back”, “right”, “left”, “up” and “down” directions or sides.
  • the left and right directions are the “horizontal” direction
  • the front and rear directions are the “vertical” direction
  • the upper and lower directions are the “vertical” direction.
  • the simplified staircase 1 includes a plurality of girders 3 that form a plurality of steps of the staircase, one or more (for example, a left and right pair) longitudinal connecting member 5 that interconnects the girders 3 of different steps in the longitudinal direction, and each girder 3 is fixed to the ground 2 .
  • the girder 3 is a horizontal column-shaped object, and is installed on the ground 2 in a posture in which the longitudinal direction is almost identical in the lateral direction.
  • the girder 3 has sufficient strength and rigidity required for outdoor stairs, and has weather resistance that can withstand wind and rain. It is desirable that the girder 3 be as light as possible and have a low cost so that it can be easily carried by a person.
  • the girder 3 is made, for example, of FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), and is manufactured as an integral product by mold molding, for example, but the material and manufacturing method are not limited thereto.
  • Each longitudinal connecting member 5 is, for example, an elongated rod or rope, for example, having a length of about 5 meters to about 10 meters, is arranged longitudinally on the sloping ground 2 , and is fixed to a plurality of girders 3 . That is, there is a second through hole 23 (see FIG. 4 ) at two locations near the left edge and near the right edge of the front part of each girder 3 .
  • a component for fixing each longitudinal connecting member 5 is attached to each of the two second through holes 23 , and each longitudinal connecting member 5 is fixed to the component.
  • a comparative method for example, as shown in FIG. 8 described above, can be used for this fixing method.
  • the J-shaped hook bolt is inserted into the second through hole 23 so that the spiral portion of the screw part goes upward from the second through hole 23 and the hook portion exits downward from the second through hole 23 .
  • the vertical connecting member 5 is firmly fixed between the hook portion and the lower surface of the girder 3 .
  • each longitudinal connecting member 5 is not limited to an elongated rod or a rope shape.
  • the vertical connection member 5 may be a net-shaped or perforated sheet-shaped component as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 disclosed in JP H03-049136 U, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the longitudinal connecting member 5 may be fixed to the girder 3 by a fastener using a spiral bolt inserted into the second through hole 23 .
  • JP H03-049136 U two longitudinal connecting members in the form of a net or a perforated sheet are connected to a plurality of girders, but instead of this, the width of one net-shaped or perforated sheet-shaped longitudinal connecting member is wider than that the above-described comparative example.
  • the longitudinal connection member 5 maintains a constant positional relationship (spacing) between the plurality of girders 3 . Further, even if a part of the soil on the sloping ground 2 is washed away or collapsed by running water or the like, the vertical connection member 5 connects the plurality of girders 3 to the other girder 3 to prevent it from being washed away or falling together with the soil.
  • the longitudinal connecting member 5 has sufficient strength, rigidity, and weather resistance for the above purpose. Further, since it is necessary to curve the simplified staircase 1 in the curved ramp, it is desirable that the vertical connecting member 5 has some degree of flexibility and can be curved. Further, it is desirable that the longitudinal connecting member 5 be as light as possible and low cost so that it can be easily carried by a person. In consideration of such conditions, the longitudinal connecting member 5 is, for example, made of FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), but the material is not limited thereto.
  • the lateral dimension (length) L 1 of the girder 3 is a value that is almost the lowest as the width of the stairs on which a person goes up and down, for example, about 40 cm to about 60 cm (for example, 50 cm).
  • the longitudinal dimension (depth) D 1 of the girder 3 is approximately the lowest value in order to prevent a person climbing the stairs from stepping on the girder 3 with a shoe and not slipping, for example, about 8 cm to about 12 cm (for example, about 10 cm) (that is, about one-third to about one-half of the vertical dimension of an adult general shoe).
  • the vertical dimension (height) H 1 of the girder 3 is a value that is almost the lowest as the height of one step of the staircase, for example, about 7 cm to about 12 cm (for example, about 9 cm).
  • the girder 3 has a cylinder portion 11 and a brass part 13 , and they are made as an inseparable integrated product by, for example, mold molding.
  • the cylinder portion 11 is a hollow abbreviated cylindrical object with closed left and right ends (the longitudinal short diameter of the substantially elliptical cross-section is, for example, about 7 cm to about 8 cm, and the vertical long diameter is, for example, about 10 cm to about 13 cm) It has a shape that looks like a part corresponding to about one-third of the area of the lower front side has been excised in the lateral view.
  • a first through hole 19 is provided at each of the two locations near the left and right ends of the cylinder portion 11 .
  • a pocket 21 having a flat bottom surface is formed by concave downward from the upper surface 11 A of the cylinder portion 11 .
  • the pocket 21 accommodates the head of the fixed pile 7 inside it so that the head does not protrude above the upper surface 11 A of the cylinder 11 .
  • the surface 35 ( FIG. 5 ) corresponding to the inclined cut surface of the cylinder portion 11 is a contact plane that is in contact with the inclined ground 2 .
  • the cylinder 11 corresponds to a part of the riser board, the step nose, and the treads (a portion close to the step nose) in a general staircase.
  • the external shape of the elliptical column of the cylinder section 11 imitates the log wood that has been used for a long time as a primitive simplified staircase, and it is easy to harmonize with the landscape of the mountainous area.
  • the cylinder 11 is most often stepped on by the arch or heel portion of the bottom of the shoe 61 of a person going up and down the simplified staircase 1 .
  • the girder 3 has a certain dimension from the front end near the upper part of the cylinder portion 1 to the front end near the top of the cylinder portion 1 over almost the entire length of the girder 3 , for example, about 3 cm to 5 cm (for example, 3.5 cm).
  • the brass 13 corresponds to a part of the treads in a general staircase (that is, a flat portion separated from the step nose, for example, about 6 cm to about 12 cm forward, or for example, about 7 cm to about 10 cm).
  • a second through hole 23 is provided at each of the two locations near the left and right ends of the brass portion 13 .
  • a pocket 25 having a flat bottom surface is formed by concave downward from the upper surface 13 A of the brass portion 13 .
  • the bottom surface of the pocket 25 provides a seat surface for fixing the longitudinal connecting member, such as a tightening nut of the hook bolt described above or the head of the screw bolt described above.
  • the bell 13 is directly under the toe ball (the base of the fifth toe of the foot) 65 from the ball of the toe to the ball of the small toe of the foot 63 of the person climbing the simplified staircase 1 (the part where a large load and kicking force are applied when climbing), in short, the first half of the sole (the part in front of the arch).
  • the upper surface 13 A of the brass portion 13 is a plane.
  • the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction 41 of the inclined ground 2 on which the girder 3 is installed is a predetermined angle ⁇ (for example, about 30 degrees to about 45 degrees, for example, about 35 degrees)
  • the upper surface of the brass portion 13 A is horizontal.
  • ⁇ for example, about 30 degrees to about 45 degrees, for example, about 35 degrees
  • the ground patch 37 of the brass portion 13 is located on an extension of the contact patch 35 of the cylinder portion 11 .
  • the upper surface 11 A of the cylinder portion 11 is curved in an arc shape in the side view, and a predetermined height H 2 (for example, about 10 mm to about 30 mm, for example, about 15 mm) expands upward from the upper surface 13 A of the brass portion 13 . Therefore, the portion located in the vicinity of the boundary line with the upper surface 13 A of the cylinder portion 11 A is inclined at a predetermined angle q (for example, about 10 degrees to about 30 degrees, for example, about 20 degrees) with respect to the upper surface 13 A of the cylinder.
  • a predetermined angle q for example, about 10 degrees to about 30 degrees, for example, about 20 degrees
  • the above-described upward bulge of the upper surface of the cylinder 11 A and the inclination of the first half 11 B upward and backward are the shoes of the person descending the simplified staircase 1 .
  • the bulging and inclination of the upper surface 11 A of the cylinder portion makes it possible to install the girder 3 on a sloped ground 2 that is steep by a slight angle (an angle smaller than the predetermined angle q for example, about 10 degrees) than the inclination angle ⁇ (for example, about 40 degrees) shown in FIG. That is, when the girder 3 is installed on such a steep sloping ground 2 , the upper surface of the brass 13 A tilts upward forward, but the first half 11 B of the upper surface 11 A of the cylinder provides a horizontal scaffolding.
  • a plurality of small protrusions 17 are erected at intervals in the horizontal and longitudinal directions at a plurality of locations over the substantially entire length of the brass portion 13 (the area excluding the pockets 25 and 25 at both ends).
  • the small processes 17 are arranged in a plurality of rows (e.g., 10 columns) in the horizontal direction and a plurality of rows (in the vertical direction (e.g., 2 rows).
  • Each small protrusion 17 is a horizontal shape in planar view, and its lateral dimension is longer than the longitudinal dimension.
  • the thickness of the planar view of the small protrusion 17 is, for example, about 3 mm to about 7 mm (for example, about 4 mm), the vertical dimension with curvature is, for example, about 7 mm to about 12 mm (for example, about 10 mm), and the horizontal dimension is, for example, about 20 mm to about 40 mm (for example, about 30 mm).
  • the height of each small protrusion 17 is about 3 mm to about 7 mm (for example, about 4.5 mm).
  • each small protrusion 17 is bent into a wave shape in a planar view, and has a portion extending in the lateral direction and a portion extending in an oblique direction with respect to the lateral direction.
  • a plurality of small protrusions 17 on the upper surface 13 A of the brass part serve to prevent slipping between the person's shoes and the girder 3 , especially when a person climbs the simplified staircase 1 .
  • a person who climbs the staircase 1 often steps on the brim 13 in the first half of the sole, and adds a kicking force to the first half of the sole to move forward.
  • the first half of the sole of many shoes has a slip inhibition irregularity.
  • the small protrusion 17 on the upper surface 13 A of the brass mainly suppresses slip between the shoe 61 of the person climbing the stairs 1 and the girder 3 .
  • the gaps between the small protrusions 17 provide a way for mud, soil, snow, etc. to flow out of the upper surface of the brass 13 A when mud, soil, snow, etc. are placed on the upper surface 13 A, thereby suppressing mud, soil, snow, etc. from stopping on the upper surface of the brass 13 A. This action also helps to suppress slip between the shoe 61 and the girder 3 .
  • each large protrusion 15 on the upper surface 11 A of the cylinder is larger than each small protrusion 17 on the upper surface 13 A of the brass in horizontal dimensions, vertical dimensions, and height (for example, about 1.3 times to about 3 times larger, and the height is particularly significantly about 3 times larger).
  • a plurality of (e.g., 6 ) large protrusions 15 are arranged in a row in the transverse direction.
  • Each large protrusion 15 is a horizontal shape in planar view, and its lateral dimension is larger than the longitudinal dimension.
  • the thickness of the planar view of the large protrusion 15 is, for example, about 3 mm to about 7 mm (for example, about 5 mm)
  • the vertical dimension including curvature is, for example, about 10 mm to about 20 mm (for example, about 15 mm)
  • the horizontal dimension is, for example, about 45 mm to 70 mm (for example, about 55 mm).
  • the height of each protrusion 16 is, for example, about 10 mm to about 20 mm (for example, about 15 mm).
  • each large protrusion 15 is bent in a wavy shape in a planar view, and has a portion extending in the transverse direction and a portion extending in an oblique direction with respect to the transverse direction.
  • a plurality of large protrusions 15 on the upper surface 11 A of the cylinder serve to prevent slipping between the person's shoe 61 and the girder 3 when a person ascends and descends the simplified staircase 1 .
  • a person who climbs the staircase 1 usually steps on the tube 13 at the arch of the sole of the shoe or a portion near it.
  • a person going down the stairs 1 usually steps on the tube 13 at the heel of the sole. Therefore, when going up or down stairs, the plurality of large protrusions 15 on the upper surface 11 A of the tube are usually in contact with the arch or heel portion of the sole.
  • the arch of the sole of many shoes is relatively large and concave upward, and the heel part has an unevenness of slip suppression.
  • the high height as described above by a plurality of large protrusions 15 on the upper surface of the cylinder 11 A allows the large protrusions 15 to engage with the large concave arch portion of the sole and the unevenness of the heel portion, thereby suppressing the longitudinal slip of the shoe 61 .
  • the shape of the corrugated shape of the large protrusion 15 also suppresses the lateral slip of the shoe 61 .
  • the large protrusion 15 is a relatively large size as described above, it has a large strength, and even if the heel part of the shoe 61 collides with it with a strong force, it withstands the impact and firmly holds the heel portion.
  • the lateral spacing (gap width) S of the plurality of large protrusions 15 and 15 is wide enough to flow mud and snow on the upper surface of the cylinder 11 A to the outside of the cylinder 11 .
  • the heel portion of the shoe 61 of a person going down the stairs 1 slips the heel portion receives the large protrusion 15 and 15 with a high degree of certainty.
  • the distance S of the gap between the large protrusions 15 and 15 is preferably about 1 cm to about 5 cm, for example, more preferably about 1 cm to about 3.5 cm.
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs 51 are provided on the inner surface of the girder 3 to increase strength while reducing the overall weight of the girder 3 .
  • the left and right two first through holes 19 of the girder 3 are each defined by a linearly extending cylinder wall 31 having a length close to the total height H 1 of the girder 3 .
  • These two cylinder walls 31 constantly regulate the direction of the fixing piles 7 inserted into the two first through holes 19 .
  • the transverse connection mechanism includes an engagement convex portion 27 and an engaged recess 33 .
  • an engagement convex portion 27 is provided on the leftmost wall of the girder 3
  • an engagement recess portion 33 is provided on the rightmost wall.
  • a bolt through hole 29 that transversely penetrates the engagement convex portion 27 is drilled.
  • a bolt through hole 34 that transversely penetrates the engagement recess 33 is drilled.
  • the engagement convex portion 27 protrudes in the right direction from, for example, the outer surface of the left end wall of the girder 3 .
  • the shape of the engagement convex portion 27 is a trapezoidal column extending in the vertical direction, and when viewed as a plane, it is a trapezoidal shape whose dimension expands as it goes to the right.
  • the engagement recess 33 is recessed in the left direction from the outer surface of, for example, the rightmost wall of the girder 3 .
  • the shape of the engagement concave portion 3 corresponds to the shape of the engagement convex portion 27 .
  • the longitudinal connecting member 71 is an elongated rod or rope, and is made of a robust and flexible material such as FRP.
  • the total length of the longitudinal connecting member 71 corresponds to the maximum allowable distance between the two girders 3 and 3 arranged in the vertical direction (for example, about several tens of cm to about 1 m).
  • a plurality of (for example, three) pile engagement rings 73 are provided at different positions in the longitudinal direction at the front end of the longitudinal connecting member 71 , and a plurality (for example, two) pile engagement rings 73 are also provided at the rear end at different positions in the longitudinal direction.
  • each pile engagement ring 73 When the fixing pile 7 is inserted into the central hole of each pile engagement ring 73 , the inner surface of the central hole is in contact with the outer surface of the fixing pile 7 with appropriate pressure. Due to the frictional force between the pile engagement ring 73 and the fixing pile 7 , the longitudinal connecting member 71 does not detach from the fixing pile 7 unless a person tries to pull it out of the fixing pile 7 with a fairly strong force.
  • the fixing pile 7 is used for both the purpose of fixing the girder 3 and fixing the longitudinal connecting member as described above, instead of the longitudinal connecting member 71 having a length between the adjacent girders 3 and 3 shown in FIG.
  • the longer longitudinal connecting member has a plurality of pile engagement rings 73 as shown in FIG. 12 not only at both ends but also throughout the middle. In this case as well, the spacing between the girders 3 can be changed by selecting the pile engagement ring 73 that engages the fixed pile 7 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
US19/064,673 2022-09-08 2025-02-26 Simplified staircase Pending US20250198164A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/033785 WO2024053068A1 (ja) 2022-09-08 2022-09-08 簡易階段

Related Parent Applications (1)

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PCT/JP2022/033785 Continuation WO2024053068A1 (ja) 2022-09-08 2022-09-08 簡易階段

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JP (1) JPWO2024053068A1 (https=)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7573157B1 (ja) 2024-04-09 2024-10-25 株式会社次世代一次産業実践所 登山道の施工装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5849671B2 (ja) * 1978-02-22 1983-11-05 株式会社ナカ技術研究所 建物用すべり止め素材
JPS61173544U (https=) * 1985-04-17 1986-10-28
JPH0349136Y2 (https=) * 1985-09-27 1991-10-21
JPH01154720U (https=) * 1988-04-01 1989-10-24
JPH0422523U (https=) * 1990-06-08 1992-02-25
JPH08252852A (ja) * 1995-03-16 1996-10-01 Nifco Inc 階段用滑り止め部材の製造方法
JPH0972060A (ja) * 1995-09-05 1997-03-18 Sekisui Jushi Co Ltd 合成樹脂製擬木ステップ部材
JP2847287B2 (ja) * 1996-09-30 1999-01-13 宝養生資材株式会社 階段の構造
JP4032616B2 (ja) * 2000-07-17 2008-01-16 松下電工株式会社 階段の踏み板
JP3077493U (ja) * 2000-11-06 2001-05-18 春男 許 階段用滑止め板
JP2004060154A (ja) * 2002-07-24 2004-02-26 Meiwa Ind Co Ltd 階段用床材
JP2005213735A (ja) * 2004-01-27 2005-08-11 Neo Concrete:Kk 法面における階段ブロックの施工方法および法面における一体式階段ブロック
GB2478564B (en) * 2010-03-10 2013-01-02 Kee Safety Ltd Walkway assembly
JP6304728B1 (ja) * 2017-03-09 2018-04-04 株式会社 Ｍｔｓ雪氷研究所 歩道

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