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  • A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
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  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/34—Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)
  • A61K36/344—Codonopsis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
  • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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  • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
  • A61P5/24—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the sex hormones
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  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
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  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
  • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
  • A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
  • A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
  • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
  • A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
  • A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a composition containing plant extracts, and more particularly, to a composition having a blood circulation improvement effect, a cholesterol improvement effect, an anti-obesity effect, an immune function improvement effect, a female menopause improvement effect, an anti-allergic effect, a blood glucose control effect, a cognitive function improvement effect, a liver health improvement effect, and an andropause improvement effect.
• thrombosis-related diseases which account for about 39% of the causes of death worldwide, are also increasing in Korea due to westernization of diet, excessive stress, and aging of the population.
• streptokinase As thrombolytic enzymes currently in use, streptokinase, urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and the like are known. These enzymes mainly dissolve thrombus through an indirect mechanism that activates plasminogen into plasmin in vivo.
• the above plasminogen activators have problems such as allergies, fever, local bleeding, short half-life, and high cost, so these activators are limitedly used for therapeutics for thrombosis.
• Streptokinase and urokinase are exogenous enzymatic substances that convert plasminogen to plasmin. In addition to side effects such as fever, allergies, local bleeding, and hypotension, these enzymes are very expensive and cannot be used to prevent thrombus formation in the body.
• cholesterol is present everywhere in our body, including brain, nerves, muscles, skin, liver, intestines, and heart, and is known as an important substance involved in various physiological and biochemical reactions.
• cholesterol is used as a component of cell membranes in the body and is used as a raw material for bile acids involved in digestion of hormones, vitamin D, and lipids.
• cholesterol is known to be closely related to development of cardiovascular diseases, such as arteriosclerosis and type 2 diabetes, which are representative adult diseases, and the number of patients are rapidly increasing in recent years.
• Cholesterol is an essential substance in our body. However, when an excess of cholesterol is present, cholesterol accumulates in the vascular endothelial cells or intima to form plaque, which leads to vascular diseases such as hyperlipidemia.
• Hyperlipidemia causes secondary diseases such as arteriosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. As such, since the total amount of blood cholesterol shows a close correlation with occurrence of coronary artery disease, it is very important to maintain the homeostasis of blood cholesterol. The cholesterol level in the blood is maintained at a certain level through synthesis of cholesterol in the liver cells and reabsorption of cholesterol in the enterocytes. Hyperlipidemia refers to a condition that causes inflammation due to the presence of an excess of cholesterol or triglycerides in the blood. Hyperlipidemia does not show any specific symptoms, but is a risk factor for high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, and stroke.
• LDL-cholesterol deposits on the arterial wall, injuring blood vessels and causing arteriosclerosis.
• HDL-cholesterol removes harmful LDL-cholesterol and suppresses occurrence of cardiovascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke. Accordingly, even when a total cholesterol level is normal, high LDL-cholesterol or low HDL-cholesterol may cause arteriosclerosis.
• obesity is known as an important risk factor causing occurrence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, respiratory disease, brain disease, cancer, and the like. Accordingly, interest in treatment and prevention of obesity is increasing.
• medical expenses and mortality due to obesity and obesity-related diseases are rapidly increasing not only in Korea but also worldwide.
• Orlistat has side effects such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, and fecal incontinence.
• the main cause of obesity is excessive carbohydrate intake rather than fat intake, as in Koreans, Orlistat is known to be ineffective (Sangman Kim, STUDY ON ORLISTAT. Journal of the Korean Society for Obesity 1998; 7(4): 287-92.).
• an anti-obesity agent having a weight control effect and is safe for long-term administration has not yet been developed, there is a need for a preventive or therapeutic agent for obesity through a novel mechanism other than mechanisms known so far.
• immunostimulation is one of important therapeutic strategies to reinforce the body's defense mechanisms against various diseases such as cancer and inflammatory diseases.
• Immunostimulation increases the activity of immune cells and stimulates immune responses to strengthen the immune system. For example, macrophages play a major role in the immune response.
• cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- ⁇ (TNF- ⁇ ), interleukin-1 ⁇ (IL-1 ⁇ ), and interleukin-12 (IL-12) and cytotoxic and inflammatory substances such as nitric oxide (NO) are secreted to stimulate the immune response (Wolf et al., 1994; Lee and Hong, 2011; Murray and Wynn, 2011). Accordingly, increasing macrophage activity may be one means for enhancing immunity.
• Natural products have been used in treatment of various diseases in Asian countries.
• natural products have been used as tonics for immunostimulation, health maintenance, and longevity.
• Components having various structures contained in natural products, such as polysaccharides, ⁇ -glucans, saponins, and curcuminoids, have been proposed as immune enhancers in clinical and drug applications (Ragupathi et al., 2008; Won et al., 2011; Sun et al., 2005).
• menopause in women is a phenomenon in which menstruation stops due to loss of function of the ovaries, which occurs about 50 years after birth. Menopause is a physiological change that accompanies loss of fertility and is not a pathological phenomenon, but a genetically determined phenomenon.
• the average lifespan of Korean women is 81.2 years (2011: Statistics Korea), and the average age of menopause for Korean women as stipulated by the Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology is 50 years old.
• menopause When a woman enters menopause, changes occur throughout the body, including the vascular system, musculoskeletal system, genitourinary system, and cranial nerve system, due to imbalance and decrease in secretion of female hormones. That is, menopause is accompanied by various diseases including vasomotor symptoms and psychological symptoms, such as hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbance, fatigue, depression, anxiety, difficulty in concentration, and memory impairment; dyspareunia and frequency of urination due to urogenital atrophy; loss of skin elasticity due to collagen reduction; sagging of the breast; cardiovascular and musculoskeletal symptoms; and dementia.
• vasomotor symptoms and psychological symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbance, fatigue, depression, anxiety, difficulty in concentration, and memory impairment; dyspareunia and frequency of urination due to urogenital atrophy; loss of skin elasticity due to collagen reduction; sagging of the breast; cardiovascular and musculoskeletal symptoms; and dementia.
• menopausal symptoms differ from person to person, it has been reported that women's quality of life decreases in proportion to the frequency, severity, and duration of menopausal symptoms. In addition, as aging progresses, menopausal symptoms may develop into chronic diseases.
• Hormonal therapy, drug therapy, exercise therapy, and diet may be applied to treat menopausal symptoms.
• hormonal therapy which is mainly used medically, may increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
• female hormone treatment is performed for a long period of time, uterine cancer, thrombosis/vascular diseases, gallbladder disease, and hypertension may be induced.
• drug therapy such as estrogen therapy
• phytoestrogen which is known to have a function similar to estrogen, has been intensively conducted.
• allergy is a type of hypersensitivity reaction caused by immune imbalance and is a reaction to a specific antigen called an allergen.
• allergy is a reaction induced by binding of an antigen-specific IgE antibody to mast cells or basophiles. When a large amount of IgE antibody specific for an allergen is produced, these antibodies bind to Fc receptors on the surface of mast cells or basophils.
• allergens When allergens bind with the antibody-Fc receptor complex, these cells are activated and secrete various physiologically active substances such as cytokines, prostaglandins, leukotriene, histamine, bradykinin, and tryptase, and changes such vasodilatation, increased vascular permeability, smooth muscle contraction, and inflammatory responses are induced. These responses may occur locally or systemically, depending on the type and amount of mediators produced by these cells. Allergy-related diseases include allergic atopic dermatitis, systemic allergy, allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy, and skin allergy. The population with allergic diseases was 0.9 per 100,000 in 1979, but increased to 1.4 in 1998, showing an increase rate of about 55.6%. As a result, the importance of alleviating and preventing allergic diseases has been highlighted.
• Therapeutic agents used for treatment of allergies may be broadly divided into steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antihistamine drugs or anti-leukotriene drugs.
• Most of the former drugs have strong immunosuppressive action, so these drugs can have a temporary sedative effect within a short period of time.
• side effects such as nausea and serious side effects such as growth inhibition and osteoporosis
• problems may occur when taking the former drugs for a long time.
• the latter drugs may show temporary relief, but the drugs have side effects such as drowsiness and dizziness, which limits use thereof. Accordingly, there is a need for substances derived from natural extracts having few side effects in the body and high anti-allergic activity.
• diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by insufficient insulin action and accompanied by various characteristic metabolic abnormalities. Since insulin is mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolism, diabetes is basically caused by abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism. However, since diabetes affects all nutrient metabolism in the body, diabetes is a holistic metabolic disease. In particular, at present, diabetes is considered the most important chronic disease, and the incidence of diabetes is particularly high in developed countries. Diabetes is diagnosed based on a plasma glucose concentration in venous blood. In diabetes screening, two independent tests are performed on different days. When the plasma glucose concentration on an empty stomach (usually fasting for 8 to 12 hours before the test) is 126 mg/dL or higher in both tests, the subject is diagnosed with diabetes.
• the diabetic population in Korea was 1.5% in the 1970s and 8 to 10% in the 1990s, showing an increasing trend. Accordingly, the incidence rate of chronic diabetic complications is also rapidly increasing.
• Diabetes is largely divided into insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
• Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus occurs mainly in puberty and requires insulin injection therapy.
• Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus which accounts for 84% of diabetic patients, mainly develops slowly in adults, so non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is mainly treated with diet and exercise prescription.
• Treatment of diabetes requires administration of a blood glucose control drug, and insulin is widely used as a conventional blood glucose control agent.
• a blood glucose control drug As oral preparations, sulfonyl urea-based drugs and biguanide-based drugs are mainly used.
• Alzheimer's disease a type of senile dementia, causes cognitive impairment such as loss of memory and learning ability.
• the cognitive dysfunction is caused by damage to acetylcholinergic nerve cells at the base of the brain.
• drugs that can enhance function of acetylcholinergic nerve cells have been developed, such as agonists for muscarine acetylcholine receptors, acetylcholine production promoters, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
• tacrine has been developed as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, tacrine has side effects such as gastrointestinal disorders. Accordingly, the need to search for active materials from natural plant materials is emerging.
• Fatty liver refers to an unhealthy condition in which the fat content in the liver exceeds 5%, and it is known that fatty liver is caused by various complex causes. Fatty liver is largely divided into alcoholic fatty liver caused by excessive drinking and nonalcoholic fatty liver associated with other causes. Thereamong, alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), a fatty liver caused by alcohol, is the second leading cause of death among adults in their 40s and 50s in developed countries after cancer. In Korea, which has the highest alcohol consumption in developed countries, the incidence rate of fatty liver was reported to be 32% in 2009 for adults.
• ASH alcoholic steatohepatitis
• non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is a disease in which triglycerides are accumulated in the liver regardless of alcohol.
• NASH is important because NASH is clinically recognized as a progressive liver disease and is recognized as a preceding disease causing cirrhosis or liver cancer.
• NASH is recognized as a risk factor for major adult diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, and there is a need to actively prevent and treat the disease (Jonathan et al., Metabolism. 65: 1096-1108, 2016).
• andropause is a process in which men generally experience decline in physical and mental aspects according to aging of the body. In andropause, masculine characteristics, overall life vitality, or mood gradually decrease due to a decrease in secretion of male hormones. Menopausal symptoms include irritability, emotional anxiety, depression, dizziness, hot flash, sweating, sleep disturbance, decreased vitality, memory loss, decreased work performance, decreased libido, skin aging, decreased bone density, and increased visceral fat.
• Menopause begins to occur around the age of 50 in men as in women, and the incidence of menopause is proportional to age. As people age, adrenal gland function, sperm fertility, and Leydig cell function reduce, and serum testosterone decreases, leading to andropause symptoms. Besides environmental factors, the main cause of andropause is the decline of the male hormone-driven endocrine system. Accordingly, conventionally, a treatment method of supplementing male hormones has been the main treatment method. Male hormone replacement therapy may be performed using oral drugs, liniments, patch-type formulations, injections, or the like.
• testosterone is the main circulating androgen in men.
• Testosterone is mainly secreted by Leydig cells of the testes and is mainly involved in development and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics in men.
• Circulating testosterone in the body may be converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5 ⁇ -reductase.
• testosterone may be converted to estradiol by a complex of aromatase enzymes found in the liver, fat, and testes.
• Aromatization of testosterone to estradiol may lead to andropause symptoms such as the gynecomastia symptom.
• Increasing testosterone and decreasing levels of dihydrotestosterone and estradiol may help relieve symptoms of andropause.
• DHT Conversion of testosterone to DHT is important in many respects. For example, DHT binds SHBG with a much higher affinity than testosterone. In addition, in many tissues, the activity of testosterone determines conversion into DHT, which is bound to cytosolic receptor proteins. The steroid receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus and cellular changes related to transcription and androgen action are initiated.
• testosterone binds to proteins and circulates with the blood.
• SHBG high affinity sex hormone binding globulin
• testosterone may be measured through clinical trials.
• Testosterone present in the blood without being bound to proteins is called “free testosterone”, and “total testosterone” or “testosterone” includes free testosterone and protein-bound testosterone.
• SHBG plays a role in regulating action of testosterone by binding to testosterone.
• testosterone loses hormonal activity thereof, and when SHBG is separated from testosterone, testosterone recovers hormonal activity.
• 40 to 80% of testosterone binds to SHBG and exists in a biologically inactive state.
• the amount of SHBG was found to increase.
• Increase in SHBG in the blood with aging further decreases bioavailable testosterone, which may exacerbate andropause symptoms.
• Male hormone (androgen) drug supplement therapy is a treatment method for andropause complex syndrome.
• drug supplement therapy may exhibit liver toxicity, may increase LDL by affecting blood lipid metabolism, and may reduce HDL and cause cardiovascular disease.
• administration of male hormones may adversely affect liver and lipid status, cardiovascular and prostate diseases, and sleep and behavioral disorders. There is also a problem that requires regular examination for these side effects. It has also been reported that testosterone therapy cannot be given to asymptomatic patients or patients with overt prostate cancer.
• the present inventors confirmed that 111 plant extracts had a blood circulation improvement effect by restoring nitric oxide (NO) reduced by oxLDL, had a cholesterol improvement effect by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, had an anti-obesity effect by promoting breakdown of triglycerides, had an immune function improvement effect by increasing interferon gamma, had a female menopause improvement effect by activating estrogen signaling, had an anti-allergic effect by inhibiting IgE that causes allergies, had a blood glucose control effect by promoting intracellular glucose uptake, had a cognitive function improvement effect by inhibiting beta-secretase activity, had a liver health improvement effect by restoring liver cell viability decreased by alcohol (ethanol) treatment, and had an andropause improvement effect by activating androgen signaling. Based on these results, the present inventors conducted further studies to complete the present invention.
• the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is one object of the present invention to provide a composition for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and improving andropause including, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata ), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea ), goat's beard (scientific name: Aruncus dioicus ), Ulleungdo aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii ), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis or Allium ulleieuxse ), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens ), Silvery mountain ash (scientific
• Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Hance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St.
• Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemmapentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Fauriei rosebay (scientific name: Rhododendron fauriei ), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Marlberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume), Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolaris Sie
• Makino ex Nakai Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang), False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W. Wood) A. Nelson & J. F.
• compositions for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and improving andropause including, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata ), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea ), goat's beard (scientific name: Aruncus dioicus ), Ulleungdo aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii ), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis or Allium ulleieuxse ), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens ), Silvery mountain ash (scientific name: Sorbus commixta ),
• Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Hance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St.
• Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Fauriei rosebay (scientific name: Rhododendron fauriei ), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Marlberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume), Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolar
• Makino ex Nakai Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang), False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W. Wood) A. Nelson & J. F.
• a composition including plant extracts according to the present invention has a blood circulation improvement effect by restoring nitric oxide (NO) reduced by oxLDL, has a cholesterol improvement effect by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, has an anti-obesity effect by promoting breakdown of triglycerides, has an immune function improvement effect by increasing interferon gamma, has a female menopause improvement effect by activating estrogen signaling, has an anti-allergic effect by inhibiting IgE that causes allergies, has a blood glucose control effect by promoting intracellular glucose uptake, has a cognitive function improvement effect by inhibiting beta-secretase activity, has a liver health improvement effect by restoring liver cell viability decreased by alcohol (ethanol) treatment, and has an andropause improvement effect by activating androgen signaling. Due to these characteristics, the composition can be used as a pharmaceutical or food composition.
• NO nitric oxide
• oxLDL has a cholesterol improvement effect by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis
• the present invention relates to a composition including, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata ), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea ), goat's beard (scientific name: Aruncus dioicus ), Ulleungdo aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii ), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis or Allium ulleieuxse ), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens ), Silvery mountain ash (scientific name: Sorbus commixta ), Ulleungdo thyme (scientific name: Thymus quinquecostatus var.
• Island thistle scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makin
• Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Hance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St.
• Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemmapentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Fauriei rosebay (scientific name: Rhododendron fauriei ), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Marlberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume), Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolaris Sie
• Makino ex Nakai Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang), False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W. Wood) A. Nelson & J. F.
• composition including plant extracts as active ingredients according to the present invention may be used as a composition for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and improving andropause.
• the composition including plant extracts as active ingredients according to the present invention since the composition including plant extracts as active ingredients according to the present invention exhibits a blood circulation improvement effect, a cholesterol improvement effect, an anti-obesity effect, an immune function improvement effect, a female menopause improvement effect, an anti-allergic effect, a blood glucose control effect, a cognitive function improvement effect, a liver health improvement effect, and an andropause improvement effect at a low concentration, the composition may be used as an active ingredient for a food or pharmaceutical composition for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and improving andropause.
• the present invention provides use of the plant extracts to prepare a food or pharmaceutical composition for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and/or improving andropause and a method of improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and/or improving andropause including a step of administering the plant extracts.
• the type of plant is not limited, and a cultivated plant may be used, or a commercially available plant may be used, and the source of the plant is not limited.
• the plant extracts of the present invention may be extracted according to a method known in the art, and the method is not particularly limited. Alternatively, commercially available extracts may be used.
• the plant extracts according to the present invention may have a blood circulation improvement effect, a cholesterol improvement effect, an anti-obesity effect, an immune function improvement effect, a female menopause improvement effect, an anti-allergic effect, a blood glucose control effect, a cognitive function improvement effect, a liver health improvement effect, and/or an andropause improvement effect.
• plant extracts collected from Ulleungdo may have a blood circulation improvement effect, a cholesterol improvement effect, an anti-obesity effect, an immune function improvement effect, a female menopause improvement effect, an anti-allergic effect, a blood glucose control effect, a cognitive function improvement effect, a liver health improvement effect, and/or an andropause improvement effect.
• the plant extracts may be obtained using any part of a plant, and there is no limitation on extraction sites.
• Obtaining the plant extracts is not limited by the shape of a plant, and a process of obtaining the extracts includes a process of drying the plant.
• the plant may be the whole, roots, stems, leaves, fruits, flowers, shoots, branches, bark, sap, bulbils, and/or seeds of the above-described plant.
• extracts include extracts and all formulations that may be formed using extracts, such as extracts obtained by extracting the above-described plants, a diluted or concentrated liquid of the extracts, a product obtained by drying the extracts, a substance prepared by adjusting or purifying the extracts, a fermented product of the extracts, or a mixture thereof.
• the extracts include juice obtained by filtrating the product obtained after directly pressing or pulverizing the plants.
• the plant may be extracted as it is or may be extracted by oriental medicine processing.
• the “oriental medicine processing ( )” refers to a pharmaceutical technology that changes the original properties of medicines by processing the medicines based on oriental medicine theory.
• the “oriental medicine processing” includes the “cho ( )” method of roasting medicinal materials, the “ja ( )” method in which a liquid auxiliary material is permeated into medicinal materials by roasting the medicinal materials with a certain amount of the liquid auxiliary material, and the “steam ( )” method in which liquid auxiliary materials according to the oriental medicine processing regulations for each medicinal material are added into an appropriate container, and the mixture is mixed, heated, and dried to an appropriate degree.
• an extraction method is not particularly limited, and extraction may be performed according to a method commonly used in the art.
• Non-limiting examples of the extraction method include a solvent extraction method, a hot water extraction method, an ultrasonic extraction method, a filtration method, a reflux extraction method, and the like, and the methods may be performed alone, or two or more methods may be used in combination.
• the type of extraction solvent used for extraction is not particularly limited, and any solvent known in the art may be used.
• the extracts may be obtained by performing extraction using water, a low-grade alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof.
• non-limiting examples of the extraction solvent include water; a low-grade alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, and butyl alcohol; a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin, butylene glycol, and propylene glycol; a hydrocarbon-based solvent such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzene, hexane, diethyl ether, and dichloromethane; or a mixture thereof.
• water, a low-grade alcohol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and ethyl acetate may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. In this case, when two or more solvents are mixed and used, the mixing ratio between the solvents is not particularly limited.
• extraction may be performed at an extraction temperature of 10 to 80° C., specifically 15 to 50° C. for an extraction time of 2 hours to 3 days, specifically 12 hours to 18 days using a solvent of 1 to 100 times by weight, specifically 1 to 50 times by weight, more specifically 2 to 20 times by weight based on the weight of the dry matter of the plants.
• the extraction method may include a process of obtaining a liquid crude extract by performing extraction 1 to 5 times consecutively for the dried material and the crushed material.
• the solid particles may be filtered out from the extracts by filtration (e.g., using nylon or filter paper).
• the extracts may be used after performing filtration using freeze filtration or the like, or the filtered extracts may be used after drying using freeze drying, hot air drying, spray drying, or the like.
• the liquid crude extract may be separated from the dried lysate of a plant by a method such as reduced pressure filtration and then subjected to a process of concentration or drying.
• the liquid crude extract may be a concentrated solution obtained by performing reduced pressure concentration at 20 to 100° C., preferably 30 to 70° C. using a vacuum rotary concentrator, and a powdered extract may be obtained by drying the liquid extract.
• the concentrated or powdered extract may be used by dissolving the extract in water, alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or a mixed solvent thereof.
• the active ingredient may be a fraction of a plant extract.
• fraction refers to a specific component or a group consisting of specific components separated from a mixture including various components by performing fractionation.
• the fractionation method for obtaining the fraction is not particularly limited, and fractionation may be performed according to a method commonly used in the art.
• Non-limiting examples of the fractionation method include a method of obtaining a fraction from extracts by treating a predetermined solvent to plant extracts obtained by extracting a plant.
• the kind of solvent used to obtain the fraction is not particularly limited, and any solvent known in the art may be used.
• the fractionation solvent include polar solvents such as water and alcohols; and non-polar solvents, such as hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, dichloromethane, and butanol. These solvents may be used alone or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
• an alcohol is used as the fractionation solvent, an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be used.
• blood circulation improvement effect refers to improving blood circulation through vasodilation or by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
• cholesterol improvement effect refers to inhibiting cholesterol synthesis.
• anti-obesity effect refers to reducing body fat.
• immune function improvement effect refers to suppressing immune hypersensitivity reaction or promoting immune function.
• menopause improvement effect refers to improving the health of menopausal women or men.
• anti-allergic effect refers to suppressing immune hypersensitivity reaction, improving nasal conditions deteriorated due to immune hypersensitivity reaction, or improving skin conditions deteriorated due to immune hypersensitivity reaction.
• the term “cognitive function improvement effect” refers to improving cognitive function deteriorated due to aging.
• liver health improvement effect refers to improving liver health or protecting the liver from alcohol damage.
• blood glucose control effect refers to a glycemic control effect including suppressing an increase in the concentration of blood glucose after a meal by promoting absorption of sugar into cells.
• the term “effective amount” or “including as an active ingredient” means an amount of extracts capable of exhibiting a blood circulation improvement effect, inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, exhibiting an anti-obesity effect, improving immune function, exhibiting a female menopause improvement effect, exhibiting an anti-allergic effect, exhibiting a blood glucose control effect, exhibiting a cognitive function improvement effect, exhibiting a liver health improvement effect, or exhibiting an andropause improvement effect.
• the composition of the present invention may provide a blood circulation improvement effect, a cholesterol control effect, an anti-obesity effect, an immune function improvement effect, a female menopause improvement effect, an anti-allergic effect, a blood glucose control effect, a liver health improvement effect, and an andropause improvement effect.
• plant extracts are preferably included in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight.
• the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and/or improving andropause including plant extracts as active ingredients.
• the term “pharmaceutical composition” may be used as a concept including the meaning of “quasi-drugs” or “drugs”.
• the pharmaceutical composition may be prepared as a solution using an oil or aqueous medium as a solvent, may be prepared in the form of a suspension or emulsion, or may be prepared in the form of extracts, powder, granules, tablets, or capsules.
• composition may further include one or more active ingredients exhibiting the same or similar function.
• the composition may include known ingredients for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and improving andropause.
• the composition of the present invention may have a blood circulation improvement effect, a cholesterol improvement effect, an anti-obesity effect, an immune function improvement effect, a female menopause improvement effect, an anti-allergic effect, a blood glucose control effect, a cognitive function improvement effect, a liver health improvement effect, and an andropause improvement effect.
• the composition may further include ingredients for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and improving andropause known in the art.
• the additional ingredients may be included in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight. In this case, the content range may be adjusted according to requirements such as safety and ease of formulation of the plant extracts.
• composition of the present invention may further include pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
• the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may contain various ingredients such as buffers, sterile water for injection, normal saline or phosphate buffered saline, sucrose, histidine, salts, and polysorbates.
• composition of the present invention may be administered via an oral or parenteral route.
• the composition may be administered in the form of a general pharmaceutical preparation.
• the composition may be administered in various oral and parenteral formulations.
• the composition may be prepared using general diluents or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, and surfactants.
• Solid preparations for oral administration include tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, and the like.
• the solid preparation may be prepared by mixing one or more excipients selected from starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose or lactose, and gelatin with the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
• Liquid formulations for oral administration include suspensions, oral solutions, emulsions, syrups, and the like.
• various excipients for example, wetting agents, sweetening agents, fragrances, preservatives, and the like may be included.
• Formulations for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, freeze-dried preparations, and suppositories.
• the non-aqueous solutions and the suspensions may include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, and injectable esters such as ethyl oleate.
• injectable esters such as ethyl oleate.
• bases of the suppositories witepsol, macrogol, tween 61, cacao butter, laurin butter, glycerogelatin, and the like may be used.
• the effective amount of the plant extracts included in the composition of the present invention may vary depending on formulation of the composition, a method of applying the compound to the skin, and a length of time the compound stays on the skin.
• the composition when the composition is formulated into a pharmaceutical formulation, the composition may include a higher concentration of the plant extracts than when formulated as a cosmetic that is routinely applied to the skin.
• a daily dose may be 0.1 to 100 mg/kg, preferably 30 to 80 mg/kg, more preferably 50 to 60 mg/kg, and the pharmaceutical formulation may be administered at a frequency of 1 to 6 administrations per day.
• composition of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and methods using biological response modifiers.
• composition for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and/or improving andropause including the plant extracts of the present invention as active ingredients may be provided as a quasi-drug.
• the “quasi-drug” includes the plant extracts as active ingredients.
• the “quasi-drug” may include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, an excipient, or a diluent.
• the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, or diluent may be used without particular limitation.
• a filler, an extender, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrant, a surfactant, a lubricant, a sweetening agent, a perfuming agent, or a preservative may be included, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
• the quasi-drug may be a disinfectant cleaner, a shower foam, an ointment, a wet tissue, a coating agent, and the like.
• the quasi-drug is preferably prepared as a semi-solid preparation such as an ointment for external use and a lotion, without being limited thereto.
• a method of formulating the quasi-drug, a method of using the same, and the dose and components thereof may be appropriately selected from conventional techniques known in the art.
• the present invention provides a skin external preparation for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and/or improving andropause including the plant extracts of the present invention as active ingredients.
• the skin external preparation may further include fatty substances, organic solvents, solubilizers, thickening and gelling agents, emollients, antioxidants, suspending agents, stabilizers, foaming agents, fragrances, surfactants, water, ionic or non-ionic emulsifiers, fillers, sequestering agents and chelates agents, preservatives, vitamins, blockers, humectants, essential oils, dyes, pigments, hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents, lipid vesicles, or supplements commonly used for external preparations for skin in the field of dermatology.
• the above ingredients may be introduced in an amount generally used in the field of dermatology.
• the skin external preparation may be prepared in the form of an ointment, a patch, a gel, a cream, or a spray, without being limited thereto.
• the present invention relates to a food composition for improving blood circulation, improving cholesterol, suppressing obesity, improving immune function, improving female menopause, suppressing allergies, controlling blood glucose, improving cognitive function, improving liver health, and improving andropause including the plant extracts.
• the composition may include food supplements in addition to active ingredients.
• the food supplement means a component added to preserve food and is added to manufacture health functional food of each formulation.
• the food supplements may be appropriately selected and used by those skilled in the art.
• the food supplements include various nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), flavoring agents such as synthetic flavoring agents and natural flavoring agents, staining agents and fillers, pectic acid and salts thereof, alginic acid and salts thereof, organic acids, protective colloidal thickeners, pH regulators, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, alcohols, carbonating agent used in carbonated beverages, and the like, without being limited thereto.
• the food composition may include a health functional food.
• the “health functional food” refers to a food group that allows the function of a food to be expressed to meet a specific purpose using a physical, biochemical, or bioengineering method, or a food designed and processed to sufficiently express body control functions related to biological defense rhythm control, disease prevention, and health recovery of a food composition.
• the health functional food has an active health maintenance or promotion effect compared to general food, and a health supplement food refers to a food intended for health supplement.
• the terms functional food, health food, and dietary supplement are used interchangeably.
• the health functional food is a food prepared by adding the plant extracts to food materials such as beverages, teas, spices, gum, and confectionery, or a food prepared by encapsulating, powdering, or suspension of the plant extracts of the present invention.
• food materials such as beverages, teas, spices, gum, and confectionery
• a food prepared by encapsulating, powdering, or suspension of the plant extracts of the present invention When the health functional food is ingested, a specific health effect may be obtained.
• the health functional food uses food as a raw material, there is an advantage in that there are no side effects that may occur when taking drugs for a long time.
• the food may include food scientifically acceptable food supplement additives, and may further include carriers, excipients, and diluents commonly used in manufacture of health functional foods.
• Each of the above components included in the food composition according to the present invention may be included in the food composition of the present invention within a range that does not exceed the maximum amount prescribed in each country's food safety norms.
• the composition may include additional ingredients capable of improving odor, taste, visual, and the like.
• the composition may include vitamins A, C, D, E, B1, B2, B6, and B12, niacin, biotin, folate, panthotenic acid, and the like.
• the composition may include minerals such as zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr).
• the composition may include amino acids such as lysine, tryptophan, cysteine, and valine.
• the health functional food of the present invention may be prepared in various forms without any particular limitation, may include all foods in a conventional sense, and may be used interchangeably with terms known in the art, such as functional food.
• the health functional food of the present invention may be prepared by mixing other auxiliary ingredients that may be included in food and known additives.
• foods to which the health functional food of the present invention may be added include meat, sausage, bread, chocolate, candy, snacks, confectionery, pizza, ramen, other noodles, gums, dairy products including ice cream, various soups, beverages, tea, drinks, alcoholic beverages, and vitamin complexes.
• the health functional food may be added to juice, tea, jelly, and juice prepared by using the plant extracts of the present invention as a main component.
• the health functional food may be added to animal feed.
• the natural carbohydrates include monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose, disaccharides such as maltose and sucrose, polysaccharides such as dextrin and cyclodextrin, and sugar alcohols such as xylitol, sorbitol, and erythritol.
• sweetener natural sweeteners such as thaumatin and Stevia extracts, synthetic sweeteners such as saccharin and aspartame, and the like may be used.
• the natural carbohydrate is contained in an amount of about 0.01 to 0.04 g, preferably about 0.02 to 0.03 g.
• Food formulations other than those described above may include various nutrients, vitamins, electrolytes, flavoring agents, coloring agents, pectic acid and salts thereof, alginic acid and salts thereof, organic acids, protective colloidal thickeners, pH adjusting agents, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, alcohols, carbonation agents used in carbonated beverages, and the like.
• Other food formulations may contain pulp for manufacture of natural fruit juices, fruit juice beverages, and vegetable beverages. These ingredients may be used independently or in combination. The proportion of these additives is not very important but is generally selected in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the composition of the present invention.
• a blood circulation improvement effect a cholesterol improvement effect, an anti-obesity effect, an immune function improvement effect, a female menopause improvement effect, an anti-allergic effect, a blood glucose control effect, a cognitive function improvement effect, a liver health improvement effect, and an andropause improvement effect may be obtained.
• the plant extracts When the plant extracts are used as a food additive, the plant extracts may be suitably used according to a conventional method.
• the plant extracts may be added alone or may be used in combination with other foods or food ingredients.
• the input amount of the active ingredients may be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use thereof (prevention, health, or therapeutic treatment).
• the composition of the present invention is added in an amount of 15 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 parts by weight or less.
• the composition may be added in an amount less than or equal to the above range. Since there is no problem in terms of safety, the active ingredient may be used in an amount exceeding the above range.
• a 70% aqueous ethanol solution was added to the whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, fruits, flowers, shoots, branches, bark, sap, bulbils, or seeds of each of plants 1 to 111. At this time, the 70% aqueous ethanol solution was added in a volume corresponding to 20 times the mass of each plant tissue. Then, extraction was performed at room temperature for 3 days, and then filtration under reduced pressure was performed. Then, the filtered extracts were concentrated and dried using a rotary evaporator (Buchi, Switzerland) to prepare plant extracts.
• nitric oxide induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein was measured.
• HUVEC cells were suspended in a Ham's F-12K (Kaighn's modification) culture medium, and the suspended cells were aliquoted into a culture plate.
• plant extracts samples diluted at various concentrations were added to the culture plate containing the cells.
• 200 ppm of oxLDL was used as a positive control.
• the sample-treated cells were placed in a 5% CO 2 incubator set at 37° C. and cultured for 24 to 48 hours, and then the supernatant was taken and used as an analysis sample.
• a Griess reagent was prepared by mixing equal amounts of component A and component B. Then, 250 ⁇ l of the sample (culture medium) and 50 ⁇ l of the Griess reagent were added to a plate and mixed thoroughly. Next, to prepare a sodium nitrite solution, a nitrite standard solution was diluted with distilled water to a concentration between 1 and 100 mM (reference sample). Under light-blocked conditions, a mixture of the sample and the Griess reagent was incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the absorbance (OD) of the nitrite-containing sample with respect to the reference sample was measured at 548 nm. At this time, as a positive control, 0.1 ⁇ M of rosuvastatin was treated, and the positive control showed a 100% recovery result.
• OD absorbance
• HepG2 cells were seeded and cultured using a IMEM culture medium (containing 10% of FCS, 4.5 g/L of glucose, 4 mM glutamine, 10 ⁇ g/ml of insulin, 50 ⁇ g/ml of penicillin, 50 ⁇ g/ml of streptomycin, and 1% of non-essential amino acids).
• IMEM culture medium containing 10% of FCS, 4.5 g/L of glucose, 4 mM glutamine, 10 ⁇ g/ml of insulin, 50 ⁇ g/ml of penicillin, 50 ⁇ g/ml of streptomycin, and 1% of non-essential amino acids.
• the experimental results for each sample are shown in the tables below.
• the effect of the test substance on the intracellular cholesterol content was expressed as a relative ratio when the control group (treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) only) was 100% or was expressed as the amount incorporated acetate ([ 14 C]-acetate (nmole) incorporated/4 h/well). As the measured value increases, the amount of synthesized cholesterol increases. That is, a decrease in cholesterol synthesis indicates improvement in cholesterol.
• the content of glycerol in the culture medium of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts was measured.
• 3T3-L1 fibroblasts were cultured using a DMEM culture medium (proliferation culture medium) containing 10% bovine serum to an appropriate cell number on a plate. Then, using a DMEM culture medium (differentiation culture medium) containing 10% FBS, the cells were cultured until the plate was filled with the cells, and then were further cultured for 2 to 3 days. The existing culture medium was replaced with a culture medium to induce cell differentiation, which contains insulin (5 ⁇ g/mL), dexamethasone (0.25 ⁇ M), and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (0.5 mM), and was followed by incubation for 2 to 3 days.
• DMEM culture medium proliferation culture medium
• FBS differentiation culture medium
• the existing culture medium was replaced with a culture medium to induce cell differentiation, which contains insulin (5 ⁇ g/mL), dexamethasone (0.25 ⁇ M), and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (0.5 mM), and was followed by incubation for
• the culture medium was replaced with a medium containing only insulin and the cells were incubated for 2 to 3 days, and then the culture medium was replaced again with a DMEM culture medium containing 10% FBS and the cells were again incubated for 6 to 8 days (incubated until a point at which fat accumulation is observed in the cells).
• the anti-obesity substance was added before or after differentiation induction according to the purpose of the experiment.
• the cell culture medium was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was obtained using a Pasteur pipette. The obtained supernatant was transferred to a plate and heated at 65° C. for 8 min to inactivate enzymes released from the cells.
• a glycerol probe was dissolved in 220 ⁇ l of DMSO, and a glycerol enzyme mixture (Cayman Chemical, USA; Item No. 10010962) was dissolved in an assay buffer. These solutions were shielded from light and stored at ⁇ 20° C. until experiment was performed.
• a 1 mM glycerol standard solution was prepared by diluting 10 ⁇ l of a glycerol standard solution with 990 ⁇ l of an analysis buffer.
• the 1 mM glycerol standard solution was thoroughly mixed, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ⁇ l of the 1 Mm glycerol standard solution were respectively added to each well, and the analysis buffer was added to the each well to adjust the total volume to 50 ⁇ l.
• 50 ⁇ l of the sample (culture medium in which enzymes are inactivated) was added to each well.
• a reaction mixture containing 46 ⁇ l of the analysis buffer, 2 ⁇ l of the glycerol probe, and 2 ⁇ l of the glycerol enzyme mixture was prepared.
• 50 ⁇ l of the reaction mixture was added to each well containing the standard solution and the sample and was thoroughly mixed. Then, each well was shielded from light and left at room temperature for 30 minutes. Then, absorbance was measured at 570 nm.
• a group treated with 0.5 ppm orlistat was used as a positive control group, and the positive control group showed an increase of 160% compared to the negative control group.
• THP-1 cells which are macrophages
• NK-92 cells which are natural killer cells
• RPMI Roswell Park Memorial Institute
• MEMA Minimum Essential Media Alpha
• LPS lipopolysaccharide
• the experiment was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. After coating a 96-well plate with an IFN- ⁇ primary antibody, 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) was added to block the remaining space. Then, distilled water (blank), an IFN- ⁇ standard solution, and each sample were added to the wells in an amount of 100 ⁇ l and incubated at room temperature for 2 hours. 100 ⁇ l of a biotin-bound IFN- ⁇ secondary antibody was added to the wells and incubated at room temperature for 2 hours. 100 ⁇ l of avidin-bound horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was added and incubated at room temperature or 37° C. for 30 minutes.
• ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
• the absorbance is proportional to the IFN- ⁇ content.
• increase in IFN- ⁇ production means that immunity is enhanced, such as promotion of differentiation of T lymphocytes, activation of macrophages, and promotion of production of IgG antibodies in B cells.
• HAP 60% hydroxylapatite
• pellets were washed three times with 2 ml of 50 mM Tris buffer, and 2 ml of ethanol cooled to 4° C. was added to the pellets.
• the ethanol-added pellets were placed on ice for 15 minutes while vortexing the pellets for 10 seconds at 5 minute intervals, and then were centrifuged at 600 g at 4° C. for 10 minutes.
• radiolabeled E2 [ 3 H]-E2
• [ 3 H]-E2 was extracted. That is, [ 3 H]-E2 was dissolved in ethanol, and the remainder precipitated to form pellets.
• the extracted [ 3 H]-E2 present in the supernatant was poured into a vial containing 10 ml of a scintillation cocktail. Then, to determine whether the plant extracts prevented the radioactive isotope-labeled E2 ([ 3 H]-E2) from binding to estrogen receptors, radioactivity present in the vial was measured using a ⁇ -counter. Based on these results, the binding ability of the plant extracts to estrogen receptors could be confirmed. Results for groups in which 0.03 nM, 0.1 nM, 0.33 nM, 1 nM, 10 nM, and 100 nM of unlabeled E2 (estradiol) were added instead of the plant extracts were used to construct a standard curve.
• the secretion amount of immunoglobulin E was measured.
• U266 cells were treated with a test substance while culturing the U266 cells in an RPMI1640 culture medium containing 10% FBS for 3 days. After 3 days of treatment with the test substance, the cell culture medium was harvested. IgE capture antibody was added to the plate and left for 1 day. The plate was blocked with 2% BSA. The collected culture medium was added to the plate and mixed by shaking. IgE detection antibody was added to the plate and mixed by shaking. Streptavidin-HRP was added to the plate, and after blocking light, the mixture was shaken.
• a substrate was added to the plate, and after blocking light, the mixture was mixed by shaking until the color of the mixture changed to blue. After confirming that the color had changed, a 2 N sulfuric acid solution was added to the plate and mixed by shaking until the color changed to yellow. After measuring the absorbance at 450 nm and 570 nm, results were analyzed by subtracting the absorbance at 570 nm from the absorbance at 450 nm. At this time, as a positive control, 1 ⁇ M dexamethasone was used, and as a result, an inhibitory effect of 32% was observed. As a result of treatment with 0.1 ⁇ M hydrocortisone, an inhibitory effect of 35% was observed.
• the glucose uptake capacity of cells treated with the plant extracts was measured.
• C2C12 cells were seeded on a 96-well culture plate at a cell density of 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells/well. When a state of subconfluence was reached, which is within 24 hours, the experiment was started.
• the culture medium When saturated, the culture medium was removed, and 100 ⁇ l of a fresh medium containing 10 ⁇ M 2-NBDG or 100 ⁇ l of a fresh medium not containing 10 ⁇ M 2-NBDG (control) was added to each well.
• a test substance to be evaluated was included in the culture medium. That is, the cells were treated with the test substance by changing the culture medium. After treatment for 1 hour, wells were washed 2 times with pre-cold PBS. Then, cells in each well were collected and resuspended in 200 ⁇ l of a pre-cold medium, and the nuclei of the cells were stained with 1 ⁇ g/mL of propidium iodine (PI).
• PI propidium iodine
• the sample After nuclear staining, the sample should be stored at 4° C. until measured by automated cell analysis (FACS). When conducting an experiment, it is recommended to start measurement within 30 minutes.
• FACS automated cell analysis
• Measurement was performed with FACS for about 20 seconds. Event results of about 2,000 single cells were collected, and statistical analysis was performed on the event results. At this time, 1 mM metformin treatment was used as a positive control, and as a result, a 180% increase effect was observed.
• ⁇ -secretase cleavage enzyme (BACE) analysis buffer 50 mM sodium acetate, pH 4.5
• Fluorescence intensity was measured at Ex 545 nm/Ex 585 nm, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 1 hour.
• the plate was wrapped with foil to block light.
• Inhibition rate (%) [1 ⁇ ( S ⁇ S 0)/( C ⁇ C 0) ⁇ 100 [General formula]
• ⁇ -secretase cleaves an APP amino acid terminus to produce amyloid-beta, which reduces cognitive function. Accordingly, a decrease in the activity of ⁇ -secretase indicate that cognitive function is improved.
• liver health improvement effect of the plant extracts was measured.
• HepG2 cells were cultured at 37° C. under 5% CO 2 atmosphere in a DMEM culture medium containing 10% FBS. Then, the cultured HepG2 cells were seeded on a 24-well plate at a cell density of 3 ⁇ 10 5 cells/well, followed by incubation for 1 day. Then, various concentrations of test substances were added to HepG2 cells, followed by incubation for 24 hours.
• An MTT solution dissolved in PBS at a concentration of 5 mg/mL was diluted to 10% with the culture medium.
• the solution was dispensed in a volume of 0.5 to 1.0 mL in a 24-well plate and incubated for 4 hours in an incubator.
• the culture medium containing the MTT solution was removed, and 1 mL of DMSO was added and was shaken for 10 minutes. Then, absorbance was measured at 540 nm.
• the cells were treated with ⁇ circle around ( 1 ) ⁇ 100 mM ethanol and ⁇ circle around ( 2 ) ⁇ 100 mM ethanol+100 ppm Silymarin, respectively.
• liver cell viability was reduced by 31%.
• liver cell viability was restored to 86%.
• liver cell viability was quantified. That is, as liver cell viability increases, the liver health improvement effect increases.
• the transcriptional activity of an androgen receptor was measured. Specifically, the experiment was performed using an LNCaP cell line into which an ARE reporter plasmid was inserted. First, cells were cultured at 37° C. under 5% CO 2 atmosphere in a DMEM culture medium containing 10% FBS. Then, the cultured cells were transferred to a plate, followed by incubation for 2 days. Then, test substances were added to the cells, followed by incubation for 1 day. Then, a substrate was added, and luciferase activity was measured.
• Johnswort 30-1 Whole plant 1 97.87 104.10 108.81 72.66 181.50 10 85.27 106.32 65.81 95.67 231.30 100 75.73 155.65 17.52 105.53 352.16 30-2 Roots 1 98.42 98.18 87.63 76.95 192.15 10 83.53 107.29 92.65 94.89 196.92 100 75.51 132.97 46.40 99.21 455.72 30-3 Stems 1 96.92 105.32 85.00 74.28 103.93 10 91.72 113.71 94.67 88.85 298.30 100 77.54 144.86 13.34 100.87 436.85 30-4 Leaves 1 97.20 101.95 100.00 78.75 110.24 10 94.09 104.77 95.43 75.51 288.65 100 70.44 80.72 11.17 77.46 436.59 30-5 Fruits 1 95.98 107.
• Example 69 East Asian Beautyberry
• Example 75 Korean Spice Viburnum
• Example 97 Macropodous Daphniphyllum
• the above ingredients were mixed, and a sealable bag was filled with the mixed ingredients to prepare powder.
• gelatin capsules were filled with the mixed ingredients according to a conventional capsule preparation method to prepare capsules.
• pills were prepared so that the weight of one pill was 4 g.
• Foods containing the plant extracts of the present invention were prepared as follows.
• Brown rice, barley, glutinous rice, and adlay were dried through pregelatinization by a known method, and then the dried grains were roasted and pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh.
• black beans, black sesame, and perilla were steamed and dried according to a known method. Then, the dried grains were roasted and pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh.
• the plant extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure using a vacuum concentrator and dried through spraying and hot air drying to obtain a dried product. The dried product was pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh.
• the dry powder of grains, seeds, and plant extracts prepared above was blended in the following ratios.
• Grains (30 parts by weight of brown rice, 15 parts by weight of adlay, 20 parts by weight of barley),
• the mixture was stirred and heated at 85° C. for about 1 hour to obtain a solution.
• the solution was placed in a filtered and sterilized 2 L container, sealed, and sterilized. Thereafter, the filtered solution was refrigerated. Then, the solution was used in preparation of the health drink composition of the present invention.
• the composition ratio is determined based on ingredients suitable for favorite drinks.
• the composition ratio may be arbitrarily changed according to regional and ethnic preferences such as demand class, demand country, and use purpose.
• 1 g of the plant extracts of the present invention was added to 1,000 mL of tomato or carrot juice to prepare vegetable juice for health promotion.
• 1 g of the plant extracts of the present invention was added to 1,000 mL of apple or grape juice to prepare fruit juice for health promotion.

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