US20220341049A1 - Electrolysis electrode and electrolyzer - Google Patents

Electrolysis electrode and electrolyzer Download PDF

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US20220341049A1
US20220341049A1 US17/620,600 US202017620600A US2022341049A1 US 20220341049 A1 US20220341049 A1 US 20220341049A1 US 202017620600 A US202017620600 A US 202017620600A US 2022341049 A1 US2022341049 A1 US 2022341049A1
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mesh
electrolyzer
sample
electrolysis
cathode
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Terumi Hashimoto
Koji Kawanishi
Takehiro OIWA
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ThyssenKrupp Nucera AG and Co KGaA
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ThyssenKrupp Uhde Chlorine Engineers GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
    • C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
    • C25B1/46—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
    • C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
    • C25B11/061—Metal or alloy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C25B9/23—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to electrolysis, including electrolysis electrodes, electrolyzers that use electrolysis electrodes, electrolysis electrodes in electrolyzers that use a diaphragm, and diaphragm electrolyzers.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technology to reduce an electrolysis voltage by making the shape of a mesh of an expanded metal used as a cathode smaller.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a technology to improve electrolysis performance by making the aperture ratio of a mesh of an expanded metal within a predetermined range.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses an anode composed of a metal mesh having substantially diamond-shaped perforations, in which the ratio of strand and perforation, and a long way distance LWD and a short way distance SWD of the perforations are set to be predetermined values.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses that a platinum group metal oxide, magnetite, ferrite, cobalt spinel, or a mixed metal oxide can be used as a coating.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses an ion exchange membrane electrolysis anode which can electrolyze an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride at a lower voltage than ever before and can reduce the concentration of impurity gas contained in anode gas by making the thickness and the ratio of a short way SW to a long way LW, SW/LW, of the metal perforated plate within certain ranges.
  • Patent Document 5 discloses an electrolysis electrode including a conductive base material made of a perforated metal plate and at least one catalyst layer formed on the surface of the conductive base material, in which the thickness of the electrolysis electrode is more than 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm or less, and a value C obtained by dividing the sum B of peripheral lengths of perforations of the electrolysis electrode by the aperture ratio A of the electrolysis electrode is more than 2 and 5 or less.
  • Patent Document 1 Patent JP 2012-140654 A
  • Patent Document 2 Patent JP 4453973 B2
  • Patent Document 3 Patent JP S62-502820 A
  • Patent Document 4 Patent Document 4
  • Patent Document 5 Patent WO 2018/131519
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrolysis electrode having a more preferable shape in electrolyzing pure water, an alkali aqueous solution, or an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride at a lower voltage than ever before, and an electrolyzer using the same.
  • the present inventors conducted intensive research to solve the above-described problems, found that there is a correlation between an area Rs of plane axes (XY axes) per unit area 1 dm 2 (cm 2 /dm 2 , hereinafter also abbreviated as plane axes area), an area Rc in a thickness direction (Z axis) per unit area 1 dm 2 (cm 2 /dm 2 , hereinafter also abbreviated as thickness direction area), and a fine degree F.
  • an electrolysis electrode of the present disclosure including: a metal perforated plate having a value of Factor V of 40 or more represented by the following formula:
  • the value of Factor V is 70 or more.
  • the metal perforated plate is an expanded metal.
  • a ratio of a short way center-to-center distance SW to a long way center-to-center distance LW of a mesh of the expanded metal, SW/LW, is 0.45 or less, preferably, a short way center-to-center distance SW of a mesh of the expanded metal is 2.0 mm or less, and preferably, a thickness t of a mesh of the the expanded metal is 0.5 mm or less.
  • a thickness t, a long way center-to-center distance, a short way center-to-center distance, and a strand of a mesh of the expanded metal are from 0.35 to 0.5 mm, from 2.9 to 3.2 mm, from 1.1 to 1.4 mm, and from 0.4 to 0.7 mm, respectively.
  • an electrolyzer of the present disclosure including: an anode; and a cathode, in which at least one of the anode and the cathode is the above-described electrolysis electrode of the present disclosure.
  • the electrolyzer of the present disclosure includes a diaphragm for separating an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, preferably, the diaphragm is an ion exchange membrane or a porous membrane, and preferably, the diaphragm and the cathode or the anode are in contact.
  • an electrolysis electrode having a more preferable shape in electrolyzing pure water, an alkali aqueous solution, or an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride at a lower voltage than ever before, and an electrolyzer using the same can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic partial enlarged view of an electrolysis electrode according to one comparative example.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic partial enlarged view of an electrolysis electrode according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view along the line A-A of FIG. 2A .
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic partial enlarged view obtained by further enlarging a part of the schematic partial enlarged view illustrated in FIG. 2A .
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view along the line B-B of FIG. 3A .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrolyzer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a relationship between Factor V and a cell voltage reduction effect of the comparative Example 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating a relationship between Factor V and a cell voltage reduction effect of Example 2 according to the present disclosure.
  • An electrolysis electrode of the present disclosure is an electrode used in an electrolyzer and, in particular, an ion exchange membrane electrolysis electrode used in an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer separated into an anode chamber housing an anode and a cathode chamber housing a cathode by an ion exchange membrane.
  • the electrolysis electrode includes a metal perforated plate.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic partial enlarged view of an electrolysis electrode according to one comparative example using a punching mesh in which diamond-shaped perforations are punched out.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a schematic partial enlarged view of an electrolysis electrode according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure using an expanded metal
  • FIG. 2B illustrates a cross-sectional view along the line A-A of FIG. 2A
  • FIG. 3A illustrates a schematic partial enlarged view obtained by further enlarging a part of the schematic partial enlarged view illustrated in FIG. 2A
  • FIG. 3B illustrates a cross-sectional view along the line B-B of FIG. 3A
  • the punching mesh and the expanded metal are exemplified as a metal perforated plate 1 .
  • the metal perforated plate 1 may be a product obtained by laminating metal perforated plates.
  • a cell voltage has a correlation with an area Rs of plane axes (XY axes) per unit area 1 dm 2 (cm 2 /dm 2 , hereinafter also abbreviated as plane axes area), an area Rc in a thickness direction (Z axis) per unit area 1 dm 2 (cm 2 /dm 2 , hereinafter also abbreviated as thickness direction area), and a fine degree F. per unit area 1 dm 2 (hereinafter also abbreviated as fine degree), and the electrolysis electrode of the present disclosure is characterized by including a metal perforated plate having a value of Factor V of 40 or more represented by the following formula;
  • a graph of Factor V and a cell voltage reduction effect has an approximate shape in either case of using the punching mesh or using the expanded metal and can be used regardless of the shape of the metal perforated plate 1 .
  • the expanded metal is characterized by including a step of notching and stretching a metal plate and performing rolling to flatten the surface
  • the cross-section is not perpendicular but inclined as illustrated in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2B and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3B , and an approximation formula indicated in Examples can be used in the calculation of Factor V, in particular, Rc.
  • the cell voltage reduction effect becomes smaller in the case where a SW/LW ratio is more than 0.6 compared to the case where the SW/LW ratio is more than 0.45 and 0.60 or less.
  • the case where the SW/LW ratio is 0.45 or less is preferable because the cell voltage reduction effect becomes larger compared to the case where Factor V is the same value and the SW/LW ratio is more than 0.45 and 0.60 or less.
  • This is a phenomenon which is not found in the punching mesh, and when the expanded metal is used as the electrode shape, the ratio of SW and LW has a greater impact on the cell voltage reduction effect compared to the punching mesh. This is assumed to be caused by the impact of an angle in the thickness direction or the like on current distribution, resistance when generated gas is released from the electrode surface, and the like.
  • a short way center-to-center distance SW of a mesh of the expanded metal is 2.0 mm or less.
  • a thickness t of a mesh of the expanded metal is 0.5 mm or less.
  • a thickness t of the mesh 0.5 mm or less a mesh having smaller mesh apertures can be produced by an expanded metal cheaper than a punching mesh. It is known that, in the case of actually producing a mesh, producing of a mesh of the present disclosure, which has a thickness t of more than 0.5 mm, by an expanded metal is very difficult in a production process of the expanded metal.
  • the value of Factor V of the metal perforated plate 1 is 40 or more, and known configurations can be adopted for other configurations.
  • a titanium expanded metal produced by shearing and then expanding a plate and flattened by rolling or the like can be preferably used.
  • a coating of an electrode catalyst material such as a platinum group metal oxide, magnetite, ferrite, cobalt spinel, or a mixed metal oxide, may be formed on the surface of the electrolysis electrode to reduce an electrolysis voltage.
  • laminated multiple layers of the metal perforated plates 1 may be used to ensure the strength.
  • the value of Factor V of the metal perforated plate 1 on the side in contact with an ion exchange membrane needs to be 40 or more
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an electrolyzer including a diaphragm according to one preferred embodiment of the electrolyzer of the present disclosure, and the electrolyzer of the present disclosure can be preferably used for not only ion exchange membrane electrolysis and brine electrolysis but also other electrolysis, water electrolysis, and alkaline water electrolysis.
  • a diaphragm electrolyzer 10 is separated into an anode chamber 12 and a cathode chamber 13 by a diaphragm 11 , and an anode 14 and a cathode 15 are housed in the anode chamber 12 and the cathode chamber 13 , respectively.
  • the anode 14 is fixed to an anode power feeder 16 like an anode rib in the anode chamber 12
  • the cathode 15 is fixed to the cathode chamber 13 through a cathode current collector 17 in the cathode chamber 13 .
  • the cathode current collector has elasticity, and a state where the anode 14 , the diaphragm 11 , and the cathode 15 are in close contact one another at a preferred pressure is maintained.
  • the above-described electrolysis electrode of the present disclosure is used for an electrode, in particular, the anode 14 .
  • an electrolyte solution for example, an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride or an aqueous solution can be electrolyzed at a lower voltage than ever before.
  • the diaphragm electrolyzer 10 is separated by the diaphragm 11 into the anode chamber 12 in which the anode 14 is housed and the cathode chamber 13 in which the cathode 15 is housed, it is important only that the above-described electrolysis electrode of the present disclosure is used for an electrode, in particular, the anode 14 , and configurations of a known diaphragm electrolyzer can be adopted for other configurations.
  • the cathode 15 is not particularly limited as long as it is a cathode usually used for electrolysis, and a known cathode can be used, for example, an expanded metal made of corrosion-resistant metal such as nickel can be used. It is to be noted that a coating of an electrode catalyst material containing a platinum group metal oxide may be formed on the surface of the cathode 15 .
  • the anode chamber 12 and the cathode chamber 13 are hermetically laminated through a gasket 18 , and the distance between the anode 14 and the cathode 15 is adjusted by the thickness of the gasket 18 and the lengths of the anode power feeder 16 and the cathode current collector 17 .
  • the electrolyzer may be operated with the diaphragm 11 and the cathode 15 substantially in close contact, or the electrolyzer may be operated with a gap of about 1-2 mm as illustrated in the drawing.
  • the diaphragm electrolyzer 10 may be an electrolyzer in which a plurality of such unit electrolyzers are laminated.
  • the electrolyzer of the present disclosure may be an electrolyzer in which bipolar units, each of which has an anode and a cathode on both sides by connecting outer surfaces of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber to each other, are laminated with diaphragms sandwiched therebetween, and an anode chamber unit and a cathode chamber unit, one of which has an anode chamber or a cathode chamber, are laminated on both ends with the diaphragms sandwiched therebetween.
  • a current is made to flow between both electrodes while supplying a brine aqueous solution from an anode chamber inlet 12 a provided in the anode chamber 12 and a diluted aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide from a cathode chamber inlet 13 a provided in the cathode chamber 13 .
  • a current is made to flow between both electrodes while supplying a brine aqueous solution from an anode chamber inlet 12 a provided in the anode chamber 12 and a diluted aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide from a cathode chamber inlet 13 a provided in the cathode chamber 13 .
  • an anode solution is discharged together with a product of the electrolysis from an anode chamber outlet 12 b in the anode chamber 12
  • a cathode solution containing a product of the electrolysis is also discharged from a cathode chamber outlet 13 b in the cathode chamber 13 .
  • an ion exchange membrane is used as a diaphragm in the case of performing brine electrolysis.
  • Samples 1 to 16 of electrolysis anodes formed from samples obtained by applying DSE coatings on titanium base materials for punching-type meshes were produced according to the conditions indicated in Table 1 below, and each of them was installed into an ion exchange membrane electrolyzer of a type illustrated in FIG. 4 . Then, electrolysis of a brine solution was performed according to the electrolysis conditions described below. It is to be noted that the electrolysis area of the ion exchange membrane electrolyzer was 1 dm 2 , a cation exchange membrane Flemion F-8080A manufactured by AGC Inc.
  • brine electrolysis was performed using an elastic body as a structure for feeding power to the cathode in a cell having a structure in which the diaphragm is pressed and further the cathode is pressed to the anode.
  • LW, SW, ST, t, S, F, Rs, and Rc in Table 1 are as follows (regarding LW, SW, and ST, also refer to the description in FIG. 1 ):
  • LW long way center-to-center distance
  • mm short way center-to-center distance
  • mm short way center-to-center distance
  • ST strand (perpendicular mesh width)
  • mm mesh thickness
  • mm mesh aperture ratio
  • % calculated by the following calculation:
  • fine degree per unit area 1 dm 2 calculated by the following formula, hereinafter also abbreviated as fine degree:
  • R ⁇ c [ ⁇ ( L ⁇ W 2 ) - ( S ⁇ T 2 ) 2 * ( L ⁇ W S ⁇ W ) 2 + ( S ⁇ T 2 ) 2 ⁇ 2 + ⁇ ( S ⁇ W 2 ) - ( S ⁇ T 2 ) 2 * ( S ⁇ W L ⁇ W ) 2 + ( S ⁇ T 2 ) 2 ⁇ 2 ] 0.5 ⁇ 8 ⁇ t ⁇ F 100 [ cm ⁇ 2 / dm ⁇ 2 ] .
  • An aqueous solution of 200 ⁇ 10 g/L NaCl was used as an anode solution, and an aqueous solution of 32 ⁇ 0.5% by mass of NaOH was used as a cathode solution.
  • the electrolysis temperature was from 86 to 88° C., and the current density was 6 kA/m 2 .
  • Sample-12 to Sample-16 were performed with SW/LW changed to 0.4, which is 0.5 in Sample-1 to Sample-12. This is a condition where the fine degree becomes larger, and as a result, in Sample-13, the cell voltage was decreased by 6 mV compared to Sample-8.
  • FIG. 5 A correlation of Factor V with the cell voltage of Table 1 is illustrated in FIG. 5 . It is found from FIG. 5 that the cell voltage reduction effect changes significantly at the value of Factor V around 60 and a good cell voltage reduction effect can be obtained when the value of Factor V is 70 or more.
  • LW, SW, ST, t, S, F, Rs, and Rc in Table 2 are the same as those in Table 1, and basically have the same calculation formulas as in the punching mesh.
  • the expanded metal is characterized by including a step of notching and stretching a metal plate and performing rolling to flatten the surface, the cross-section is not perpendicular but inclined as illustrated in FIG. 2B .
  • the actual mesh aperture ratio S tends to become smaller than the calculation result of the formula regarding the mesh aperture ratio S indicated in Example 1.
  • a projected area when being exposed to light from the surface i.e., an area A of a white part in FIG. 2A and FIG. 3A was measured by a microscope as an actual perforation area, and the mesh aperture ratio S was calculated based on the area A.
  • Rs was calculated using an area of a gray part excluding the hatched part and the white part as the plane axes area. It is to be noted that the hatched part indicates a state where an area in the thickness direction is viewed.
  • the thickness direction area Rc was simply calculated from the following formula.
  • the long way center-to-center distance LW was also measured together with the area A by the microscope, the short way center-to-center distance SW was calculated from the area A and LW by approximating the perforation shape by a diamond shape, and the region 2 indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 2A , i.e., the mesh total peripheral length W per one mesh was calculated from the values of the area A, LW, and SW by the following formula based on the diamond shape approximation of the perforation shape.
  • the thickness direction area Rc was determined using W, L 1 and L 2 illustrated in FIG. 3A , and the mesh thickness t by triangle approximation of the width in the thickness direction, which is indicated in the following formulae:
  • W 8 * ⁇ ( A 2 * L ⁇ W S ⁇ W ) + ( S ⁇ W L ⁇ W ) 2 * ( A 2 * S ⁇ W L ⁇ W ) ⁇
  • R ⁇ c W 2 * ( ( L ⁇ 1 ) 2 + t 2 + ( L ⁇ 2 ) 2 + t 2 ) * F 1 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 0 .
  • Example 2 an aqueous solution of 200 ⁇ 10 g/L NaCl was used as an anode solution, and an aqueous solution of 32 ⁇ 0.5% by mass of NaOH was used as a cathode solution.
  • the electrolysis temperature was from 86 to 88° C., and the current density was 6 kA/m2.
  • Example 2 the operation was continuously performed until the cell voltage was stabilized (for about from 20 to 30 days), and an evaluation was performed by the cell voltage after being stabilized.
  • a result of the cell voltages when the conditions of various meshes were changed is shown in Table 2. It is to be noted that all these cell voltages were compared by values corrected to conditions of 90° C. and 32.0% by mass of NaOH. As the cell voltage reduction effect, a value of Sample-17 was standardized, and a larger value indicates a larger reduction effect.
  • FIG. 6 A correlation of Factor V with the cell voltage of Table 2 is illustrated in FIG. 6 . It is found from FIG. 6 that, even in the case of using the expanded metal, the graph becomes a shape approximated to that of FIG. 5 using the punching mesh. Moreover, it is found that, in the case of using the expanded metal, a good cell voltage reduction effect can be obtained when Factor V is 40 or more.
  • the cell voltage reduction effect becomes smaller in the case where the SW/LW ratio is more than 0.6 compared to the case where the SW/LW ratio is more than 0.45 and 0.60 or less.
  • the cell voltage reduction effect becomes larger by around 10 mV compared to the case where Factor V is the same value and the SW/LW ratio is more than 0.45 and 0.60 or less. This is a phenomenon which is not found in the punching mesh, and when the expanded metal is used as the electrode shape, the ratio of SW and LW has a greater impact on the cell voltage reduction effect compared to the punching mesh. This is assumed to be caused by the impact of an angle in the thickness direction or the like on current distribution, resistance when generated gas is released from the electrode surface, and the like.
  • the structures of Sample-13 in Table 1 and Samples-34, 37, and 38 in Table 2 i.e., the mesh thickness t of from 0.35 to 0.5 mm, the long way center-to-center distance LW of from 2.9 to 3.2 mm, the short way center-to-center distance SW of from 1.1 to 1.4 mm, and the strand (perpendicular mesh width) ST of from 0.4 to 0.7 mm are most preferable.
  • an electrolysis electrode having a more preferable shape in electrolyzing pure water, an alkali aqueous solution, or an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride at a lower voltage than ever before, and an electrolyzer using the same can be provided.

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US20230243046A1 (en) * 2022-02-01 2023-08-03 Verdagy, Inc. Flattened wire mesh electrode for use in an electrolyzer cell

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CN110199055B (zh) * 2017-02-21 2021-12-24 旭化成株式会社 阳极、水电解用阳极、电解单元以及氢的制造方法

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WO2020255882A1 (fr) 2020-12-24
EP3987085A1 (fr) 2022-04-27
CN113994029B (zh) 2024-06-25
CN113994029A (zh) 2022-01-28
KR102651660B1 (ko) 2024-03-26
KR20220013568A (ko) 2022-02-04
JP7236568B2 (ja) 2023-03-09
JP2022537986A (ja) 2022-08-31

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