US20190225903A1 - Production method of solid fuel - Google Patents

Production method of solid fuel Download PDF

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US20190225903A1
US20190225903A1 US16/326,391 US201716326391A US2019225903A1 US 20190225903 A1 US20190225903 A1 US 20190225903A1 US 201716326391 A US201716326391 A US 201716326391A US 2019225903 A1 US2019225903 A1 US 2019225903A1
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Prior art keywords
fuel
coal
blending
solid fuel
pulverized
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Yoichi Takahashi
Shigeru Kinoshita
Takuo Shigehisa
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Assigned to KABUSHIKI KAISHA KOBE SEIKO SHO (KOBE STEEL, LTD.) reassignment KABUSHIKI KAISHA KOBE SEIKO SHO (KOBE STEEL, LTD.) ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KINOSHITA, SHIGERU, SHIGEHISA, TAKUO, TAKAHASHI, YOICHI
Publication of US20190225903A1 publication Critical patent/US20190225903A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/08—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting without the aid of extraneous binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/361—Briquettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
    • C10L2250/06—Particle, bubble or droplet size
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/10—Recycling of a stream within the process or apparatus to reuse elsewhere therein
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/50—Screws or pistons for moving along solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/52—Hoppers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C10L2290/546—Sieving for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/58—Control or regulation of the fuel preparation of upgrading process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/60—Measuring or analysing fractions, components or impurities or process conditions during preparation or upgrading of a fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a production method of a solid fuel.
  • a modified coal obtained by thermally dehydrating a low-rank coal e.g., a brown coal
  • a low-rank coal e.g., a brown coal
  • oil is typically in a powder form and is desired to be compression-molded into a granular form.
  • molding of the modified coal obtained from a low-rank coal having a low degree of coalification requires compression molding at an extremely high pressure, the production cost increases, and in addition, problematic powderization may occur during transport due to the compression that can be insufficient.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2010-116544
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a production method of a solid fuel that enables a solid fuel having a relatively high strength to be produced from a powder fuel.
  • a production method of a solid fuel comprises: blending a coal-derived powder fuel with a pulverized fuel having a greater mean particle diameter than the coal-derived powder fuel; compression-molding a mixture obtained by the blending; and pulverizing a part of a solid fuel obtained by the compression-molding, in which the part of the solid fuel pulverized in the pulverizing is used as the pulverized fuel in the blending.
  • the production method of a solid fuel Due to blending the coal-derived powder fuel with the pulverized fuel, the production method of a solid fuel according to the aspect of the present invention enables relatively reliable compression of the fuel upon compression molding, whereby an insufficient strength of the solid fuel due to poor compression can be prevented. Therefore, the production method of a solid fuel enables a solid fuel having a relatively great strength to be produced.
  • a blending proportion of the pulverized fuel with respect to the mixture obtained by the blending is preferably greater than or equal to 5% by mass and less than or equal to 50% by mass.
  • a cohesive fine coal having a superior cohesive property to the coal-derived powder fuel is preferably further blended in the blending.
  • the cohesive fine coal is thus blended with the coal-derived powder fuel, a solid fuel having a greater strength is enabled to be produced.
  • a blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal with respect to the mixture obtained by the blending is preferably greater than or equal to 5% by mass and less than or equal to 30% by mass.
  • the production method further comprises: measuring a strength of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding; and on basis of a measured value thus obtained, adjusting a blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal in the blending, wherein in the adjusting, provided that the strength of the solid fuel is less than a predetermined lower limit, the blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal is increased, while provided that the strength of the solid fuel is greater than a predetermined upper limit, the blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal is decreased.
  • the production method further comprises: measuring a production amount of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding; and on basis of a measured value thus obtained, adjusting a blending proportion of the pulverized fuel in the blending.
  • the production method further comprises: measuring a production amount of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding; and on basis of a measured value thus obtained, adjusting a blending proportion of the pulverized fuel in the blending as described above, a speed of the compression molding is enabled to be appropriately maintained, whereby the quality of the solid fuel obtained can be stabilized.
  • the coal-derived powder fuel and the pulverized fuel are fed to a mixer using a conveyor scale.
  • the coal-derived powder fuel, the pulverized fuel, and optionally the cohesive fine coal are enabled to be relatively accurately weighed and fed in a continuous manner.
  • a modified coal obtained by thermally dehydrating a low-rank coal in oil is preferably used as the coal-derived powder fuel, and a powdered low-rank coal is preferably used as the cohesive fine coal.
  • a relatively inexpensive and high-quality solid fuel is enabled to be provided.
  • mean particle diameter as referred to means a mesh opening size of a sieve at 50% cumulative mass in a particle size distribution as measured by the test sieving pursuant to JIS-Z8815 (1994).
  • “superior cohesive property” as referred to means a greater crushing strength as measured pursuant to JIS-Z8841 (1993), in the case of conducting compression molding under the same condition.
  • the production method of a solid fuel enables a solid fuel having a relatively great strength to be produced from a powder fuel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a production device used in the production method of a solid fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic configuration of a solid fuel production device used in the production method of a solid fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the solid fuel production device shown in FIG. 1 is a device for producing a granular solid fuel through compression molding of the coal-derived powder fuel.
  • the solid fuel production device shown in FIG. 1 includes: a first silo 1 for pooling the coal-derived powder fuel; a second silo 2 for pooling the cohesive fine coal having a superior cohesive property to the coal-derived powder fuel; and a third silo 3 for pooling the pulverized fuel having a greater mean particle diameter than the coal-derived powder fuel.
  • the solid fuel production device shown in FIG. 1 further includes: a first conveyor scale 4 for discharging the coal-derived powder fuel from the first silo 1 at an arbitrary rate (mass per unit time); a second conveyor scale 5 for discharging the cohesive fine coal from the second silo 2 at an arbitrary rate; and a third conveyor scale 6 for discharging the pulverized fuel from the third silo 3 at an arbitrary rate.
  • the solid fuel production device shown in FIG. 1 further includes: a mixer 7 to which the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel are fed from the first conveyor scale 4 , the second conveyor scale 5 and the third conveyor scale 6 respectively, and that blends these three types of materials; and a material mixture silo 8 for pooling a mixture of the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel discharged from the mixer 7 .
  • the solid fuel production device shown in FIG. 1 further includes: a molding machine 9 for compression-molding the mixture fed from the material mixture silo 8 to form an intended solid fuel; and a pulverizing machine 10 for pulverizing a part of the solid fuel formed by the molding machine 9 .
  • the solid fuel pulverized by the pulverizing machine 10 is fed as the pulverized fuel to the third silo 3 .
  • Transport of the powder and particulates (the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal, the pulverized fuel and the solid fuel) between the configuration members may be carried out by well known techniques with a chute, a belt conveyor, a bucket conveyor, a pneumatic conveyor and the like.
  • a fine coal which is a small-diameter coal a modified coal (e.g., upgraded brown coal) obtained by thermally dehydrating a low-rank coal (e.g., subbituminous coal, brown coal, etc.) in oil, and the like may be used.
  • a low-rank coal e.g., subbituminous coal, brown coal, etc.
  • the production method of a solid fuel according to the embodiment of the invention enables production of a granular solid fuel containing, of the above candidates of the principal component, the modified coal which conventionally could not be easily formed into a granular form.
  • any fine coal having a superior cohesive property to the coal-derived powder fuel may be used.
  • a pulverized coal formed from a relatively inexpensive low-rank coal preferably a cohesive coal.
  • the cohesive property of the coal-derived powder fuel upon compression molding is greatly affected by the moisture content of the source material.
  • the lower limit of the moisture content of the cohesive fine coal is preferably 20% by mass and more preferably 25% by mass.
  • the upper limit of the moisture content of the cohesive fine coal is preferably 60% by mass and more preferably 55% by mass.
  • the moisture content of the cohesive fine coal is less than the lower limit, the strength of the solid fuel obtained may not be sufficiently increased.
  • the moisture content of the cohesive fine coal is greater than the upper limit, adjustment of the amount of the cohesive fine coal blended may be less easy.
  • the lower limit of a 20% particle diameter D20 of the cohesive fine coal is preferably 0.005 mm and more preferably 0.010 mm.
  • the upper limit of the 90% particle diameter D90 of the cohesive fine coal is preferably 3 mm and more preferably 1 mm.
  • the 90% particle diameter D90 of the cohesive fine coal is greater than the upper limit, a blending property with respect to the coal-derived powder fuel may be insufficient and consequently the strength of the solid fuel obtained may vary.
  • the pulverized fuel is obtained by pulverizing using the pulverizing machine 10 the solid fuel finally obtained by the production method of a solid fuel according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • the lower limit of the 20% particle diameter D20 of the pulverized fuel is preferably 0.5 mm and more preferably 1 mm.
  • the upper limit of the 90% particle diameter D90 of the pulverized fuel is preferably 10 mm and more preferably 7 mm.
  • the 90% particle diameter D90 of the pulverized fuel is greater than the upper limit, a blending property with respect to the coal-derived powder fuel may be insufficient and consequently the strength of the solid fuel obtained may vary.
  • the silos 1 , 2 , 3 and 8 may be arbitrary silos capable of pooling and discharging as needed the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal, the pulverized fuel and the material mixture, respectively.
  • the first silo 1 for pooling the coal-derived powder fuel, the third silo 3 for pooling the pulverized fuel, and the material mixture silo 8 for pooling the material mixture are each preferably configured such that a nitrogen atmosphere can be provided inside. More specifically, the first silo 1 , the third silo 3 and the material mixture silo 8 are each preferably equipped with a measurement mechanism for measuring carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration inside, and a gas feeding mechanism for introducing a nitrogen gas (N 2 ) inside when the CO 2 concentration measured by the measuring mechanism increases.
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • N 2 nitrogen gas
  • the conveyor scales 4 , 5 and 6 are as defined by JIS-B7606 (1997) and each configured with a combination of a belt conveyor and a measuring apparatus (e.g., load cell).
  • the conveyor scales 4 , 5 and 6 are each configured such that the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal or the pulverized fuel being present on the belt conveyor is weighed in a real-time manner and the conveying speed of the belt conveyor is adjusted accordingly, whereby a discharge amount of the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal or the pulverized fuel per hour may be arbitrary set.
  • the mixer 7 may be any batch-type or continuous type mixer that enables homogeneous blending of the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel, and, for example, a mixer equipped with a rotating container, a mixer equipped with an agitating blade, and the like may be used.
  • the mixer equipped with a rotating container is exemplified by a V-shaped mixer, a double-cone mixer, and the like.
  • the mixer equipped with an agitating blade is exemplified by a paddle mixer, a ribbon mixer, and the like.
  • a static mixer with no motor which blends the powder and the particulates falling by gravity by way of, for example, a fixed agitating blade may also be used as the mixer 7 .
  • the molding machine 9 is exemplified by a double-roll molding machine, a tablet making machine, and the like. Of these, the double-roll molding machine which has relatively great processing ability is suitably used.
  • the double-roll molding machine has a structure in which two cylindrical rolls are horizontally adjacent to each other, each of the rolls rotating in a direction from an upper side toward the adjacent site. A large number of cavities are provided on a peripheral surface of each of the rolls such that the cavities on the two rolls are opposite to each other and rotate synchronously.
  • the double-roll molding machine enables molding of the powder and the particulates into a granular form through compression of the powder and the particulates between the opposed cavities.
  • the molding machine 9 is preferably provided with a feeding hopper equipped with a feeding screw, for stable feeding of the mixture of the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel into the cavities.
  • the material mixture may be discharged through a gap between the two rolls without being molded. Furthermore, feeding of the material mixture to the cavities may be insufficient for some reason, leading to insufficient compression and in turn powderization.
  • a sieve may be provided following the molding machine 9 , for separating the material mixture discharged without being molded. The material mixture thus separated from the molded solid fuel may be refed to the material mixture silo 8 .
  • the pulverizing machine 10 is not particularly limited, and a rotating cutter, a hammer mill and the like which are well-known may be used.
  • a sieve may be provided for separating large-diameter particles in the pulverized fuel discharged from the pulverizing machine 10 for preventing troubles in the molding machine 9 , and the large-diameter particles thus separated may be refed to the pulverizing machine 10 .
  • the production method of a solid fuel that can be practiced by using the aforementioned solid fuel production device includes: blending the coal-derived powder fuel with the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel (blending step); compression-molding the mixture obtained by the blending (compression molding step); pulverizing a part of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding (pulverizing step); measuring a strength of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding, and on the basis of a measured value thus obtained, adjusting a blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal in the blending (strength adjusting step); and measuring a production amount of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding, and on the basis of a measured value thus obtained, adjusting a blending proportion of the pulverized fuel in the blending (production amount adjusting step).
  • the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel are fed from the silos 1 , 2 and 3 , respectively, to the mixer 7 , which then blends the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel to give a mixture.
  • the lower limit of the blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal with respect to the mixture (with respect to the total amount of the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel) is preferably 5% by mass and more preferably 8% by mass.
  • the upper limit of the blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal with respect to the mixture is preferably 30% by mass and more preferably 25% by mass.
  • the lower limit of the blending proportion of the pulverized fuel with respect to the mixture (with respect to the total amount of the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel) is preferably 5% by mass and more preferably 8% by mass.
  • the upper limit of the blending proportion of the pulverized fuel with respect to the mixture is preferably 50% by mass and more preferably 40% by mass.
  • the production efficiency of the solid fuel as a final product except for the part used as the pulverized fuel may be unduly low, and a part of the solid fuel obtained may have insufficient strength (i.e., variation of strength may be great), due to formation of gaps between particles of the pulverized fuel.
  • a blending time period (residence time) of the materials in the mixer 7 of typically less than or equal to 30 min is desired.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto and homogeneous blending of the materials is required.
  • a degree of blending of the materials can be evaluated by, for example, collecting small amounts of samples after the blending, and observing variation of moisture therein. A great variation of moisture indicates that the blending was insufficient, and that the blending time period in the mixer 7 needs to be longer.
  • the intended granular solid fuel is obtained through compression molding by the molding machine 9 of the mixture of the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the pulverized fuel.
  • pulverizing step a part of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding step is pulverized by the pulverizing machine 10 to obtain the pulverized fuel described above.
  • apparent specific gravity of the mixture to be subjected to the compression molding may be greater than that of the coal-derived powder fuel.
  • the strength of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding step is first measured.
  • a compression breaking test, a tensile test, an impact test, a drop test, or the like may be carried out.
  • the strength adjusting step provided that the measured strength of the solid fuel is less than a predetermined lower limit, the blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal is increased, while provided that the strength of the solid fuel is greater than a predetermined upper limit, the blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal is decreased.
  • the production amount of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding step is measured. Provided that the measured production amount of the solid fuel is less than a desired lower limit, the blending proportion of the pulverized fuel is increased, while provided that the production amount of the solid fuel is greater than a predetermined upper limit, the blending proportion of the pulverized fuel is decreased.
  • the production amount may be adjusted to a desired value depending on the blending proportion of the pulverized fuel.
  • the production method of a solid fuel according to the present embodiment enables the bulk density of the material mixture to be relatively great, due to blending with the coal-derived powder fuel the pulverized fuel formed through pulverization of a part of the solid fuel obtained by the compression molding step.
  • the production method of a solid fuel enables the molding pressure to be great in the compression molding step, whereby the strength of the solid fuel obtained can be increased.
  • the production method of a solid fuel enables the cohesive property of the material mixture to be improved due to blending the cohesive fine coal with the coal-derived powder fuel, whereby the strength of the solid fuel obtained can be further increased. Accordingly, the production method of a solid fuel enables a solid fuel having a relatively great strength to be produced from a powder fuel.
  • the blending of the cohesive fine coal may be omitted.
  • the adjusting step may be omitted.
  • the blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal may be adjusted in accordance with not the strength of the solid fuel but an amount of the powder discharged from the compression molding machine together with the solid fuel and then separated by the sieve or separated during transfer between conveyors.
  • the strength of the solid fuel obtained may be adjusted through adjustment of the operation speed of the molding machine, instead of adjustment of the blending proportion of the cohesive fine coal.
  • a granular solid fuel was obtained by subjecting a mixture of a coal-derived powder fuel and a cohesive fine coal at a blending mass ratio of 85:10 to compression molding in a double-roll molding machine, the coal-derived powder fuel being powder of a modified coal obtained by thermally dehydrating a brown coal in oil, whereas the cohesive fine coal being a brown coal pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 3 mm.
  • the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine was adjusted such that a crushing strength of the solid fuel obtained was 0.7 MPa, which is a value required for a typical coal-based fuel briquette. It is to be noted that the bulk density of the coal-derived powder fuel was measured to be 0.52 g/cc.
  • the solid fuel thus obtained was pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 10 mm to give a pulverized fuel, and a material mixture was obtained by blending the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal, and the pulverized fuel at a mass ratio of 85:10:5.
  • the material mixture was subjected to compression molding in the double-roll molding machine, with the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine being adjusted such that a crushing strength of the solid fuel obtained was 0.7 MPa.
  • the solid fuel obtained by compression molding of the material mixture containing the pulverized fuel was further pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 10 mm to give a new pulverized fuel. Then, a material mixture obtained by blending the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the new pulverized fuel at a mass ratio of 85:10:5 was subjected to compression molding in the double-roll molding machine. The aforementioned cycle was repeated.
  • the bulk density of the material mixture was measured to be 0.56 g/cc.
  • the bulk density was measured as an aerated bulk density by using Powder Tester, Model PT-S available from HOSOKAWA MICRON CORPORATION.
  • the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine was 0.83 times the standard rotation frequency for production of a coal-derived fuel briquette through compression molding of fine bituminous coal.
  • an effective production amount ratio was calculated to be 0.79 by multiplying the aforementioned ratio of the rotation frequency by a total mass proportion of the coal-derived powder fuel and the cohesive fine coal in the material mixture.
  • the solid fuel thus obtained was pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 10 mm to give a pulverized fuel, and a material mixture was obtained by blending the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal, and the pulverized fuel at a mass ratio of 70:10:20.
  • the material mixture was subjected to compression molding in the double-roll molding machine, with the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine being adjusted such that a crushing strength of the solid fuel obtained was 0.7 MPa.
  • the solid fuel obtained by compression molding of the material mixture containing the pulverized fuel was further pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 10 mm to give a new pulverized fuel.
  • a material mixture obtained by blending the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the new pulverized fuel at a mass ratio of 70:10:20 was subjected to compression molding in the double-roll molding machine. When the operation reached a stable state through repeating the aforementioned cycle, the bulk density of the material mixture was measured to be 0.58 g/cc, the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine was 0.97 times the standard rotation frequency, and the effective production amount ratio was 0.77.
  • the solid fuel thus obtained was pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 10 mm to give a pulverized fuel, and a material mixture was obtained by blending the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal, and the pulverized fuel at a mass ratio of 60:20:20.
  • the material mixture was subjected to compression molding in the double-roll molding machine, with the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine being adjusted such that a crushing strength of the solid fuel obtained was 0.7 MPa.
  • the solid fuel obtained by compression molding of the material mixture containing the pulverized fuel was further pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 10 mm to give a new pulverized fuel.
  • a material mixture obtained by blending the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the new pulverized fuel at a mass ratio of 60:20:20 was subjected to compression molding in the double-roll molding machine. When the operation reached a stable state through repeating the aforementioned cycle, the bulk density of the material mixture was measured to be 0.59 g/cc, the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine was 1.07 times the standard rotation frequency, and the effective production amount ratio was 0.86.
  • the solid fuel thus obtained was pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 10 mm to give a pulverized fuel, and a material mixture was obtained by blending the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal, and the pulverized fuel at a mass ratio of 40:20:40.
  • the material mixture was subjected to compression molding in the double-roll molding machine, with the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine being adjusted such that a crushing strength of the solid fuel obtained was 0.7 MPa.
  • the solid fuel obtained by compression molding of the material mixture containing the pulverized fuel was further pulverized and then filtered through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 10 mm to give a new pulverized fuel.
  • a material mixture obtained by blending the coal-derived powder fuel, the cohesive fine coal and the new pulverized fuel at a mass ratio of 40:20:40 was subjected to compression molding in the double-roll molding machine. When the operation reached a stable state through repeating the aforementioned cycle, the bulk density of the material mixture was measured to be 0.64 g/cc, the rotation frequency of the double-roll molding machine was 1.25 times the standard rotation frequency, and the effective production amount ratio was 0.75.
  • Example 2 Example 3
  • Example 4 Example 1
  • Example 2 Coal-derived powder 85 70 60 40 100 85 fuel (mass %) Cohesive fine coal 10 10 20 20 0 15 (mass %) Pulverized fuel 5 20 20 40 0 0 (mass %) Bulk density of 0.56 0.58 0.59 0.64 0.52 0.54 mixture (g/cc) Molding speed ratio 0.83 0.97 1.07 1.25 0.34 0.41 Effective production 0.79 0.77 0.86 0.75 0.34 0.41 amount ratio
  • the production method of a solid fuel according to the present invention can be suitably used for producing a granular solid fuel by using a coal-derived powder fuel that is inferior in compression moldability.

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