US20160216039A1 - Bonded heat exchanger matrix and corresponding bonding method - Google Patents

Bonded heat exchanger matrix and corresponding bonding method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160216039A1
US20160216039A1 US14/917,382 US201414917382A US2016216039A1 US 20160216039 A1 US20160216039 A1 US 20160216039A1 US 201414917382 A US201414917382 A US 201414917382A US 2016216039 A1 US2016216039 A1 US 2016216039A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
components
adhesive
heat exchanger
stack
metal matrix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/917,382
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English (en)
Inventor
Gaëtan Joël Bergin
Thierry MAZET
Salima Bouti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fives Cryo SAS
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Fives Cryo SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Fives Cryo SAS filed Critical Fives Cryo SAS
Assigned to FIVES CRYO reassignment FIVES CRYO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BERGIN, GAËTAN JOËL, BOUTI, Salima, MAZET, THIERRY
Publication of US20160216039A1 publication Critical patent/US20160216039A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0093—Multi-circuit heat-exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat-exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/02—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/02—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
    • F28F2275/025—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials by using adhesives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of metal heat exchangers, notably in aluminium, of the type with etched plates, of the type with separating metal sheets, bars and fins or including a combination of both of these types.
  • the matrix of these heat exchangers is assembled by brazing and their fluid dispensing heads are welded on the brazed matrix.
  • the thereby formed heat exchangers are of a purely metal nature and sensitive to corrosion. Their field of application is therefore limited to clean and not very corrosive environments. Notably, they support neither sea water nor a marine atmosphere.
  • Anticorrosion coatings exist, but their application on these types of equipment remains a problem.
  • the anticorrosion coating may either be applied on the individual components of the matrix before the assembling and brazing step, or on the finished matrix after brazing.
  • the first method has the disadvantage of only being able of using anticorrosion coatings remaining stable at brazing temperatures and not perturbing the brazing.
  • the second method does not give the possibility of uniformly depositing the anticorrosion coating and in the whole of the brazed matrix since the latter includes many crevices with access difficulties.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to make a heat exchanger metal matrix which better resists to corrosion while remaining solid and a good heat conductor. Such a matrix should notably be adapted to marine applications.
  • a heat exchanger metal matrix characterized by a stack of components, notably of etched plates or of fins, separating metal sheets and bars, or a combination of both types of stacks, wherein at least one portion of said components are bound together by a layer, preferably with a thickness comprised between 20 and 150 ⁇ m, of a structural adhesive based on epoxy resin containing a corrosion inhibitor and loaded with 20 to 60% by mass of a heat conductor ensuring a heat conductivity of the adhesive from 2 to 5 W/m/K.
  • the matrix according to the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in heat exchangers placed in a corrosive environment, notably in a marine medium, whether the heat exchangers are immersed in water or in a marine atmosphere.
  • the matrix according to the invention comprises one, several or all of the following features, in any technically possible combinations:
  • the present invention also relates to a heat exchanger including a matrix as defined above, and preferably at least one head for dispensing fluid adhered to the matrix, notably with said adhesive.
  • Another object of the invention is to achieve a method for assembling a heat exchanger metal matrix adapted to corrosive environments. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for assembling a heat exchanger metal matrix, characterized by the steps:
  • the method according to the invention comprises one, several or all of the following features, in any technically possible combinations:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective and exploded view illustration of a matrix during stacking according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a detail 7 of the matrix of FIG. 1 showing the adhesive bonding of the components of the matrix;
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 illustrate the treatment of a separating metal sheet of the matrix of FIG. 1 according to the assembling method of the invention.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 illustrate the treatment of a fin of the matrix of FIG. 1 according to the assembling method of the invention.
  • a stack of a matrix 2 being made may be schematically seen as illustrated.
  • the matrix 2 consists of a stack 3 of components, i.e. fins 4 , separating metal sheet 5 , and aluminium bars 6 .
  • FIG. 2 An enlarged illustration of the area 7 of the matrix 2 indicated in FIG. 1 is distinguished therein.
  • a fin 4 is located between two separating metal sheets 5 and bound to the latter. Both separating metal sheets 5 have two opposite faces 8 and 9 , and the fin 4 has two opposite faces 10 and 11 .
  • the separating metal sheets 5 and the fin 4 are covered on their two opposite faces 8 , 9 and 10 , 11 with an adhesive holder 12 .
  • the adhesive holder 12 consists of two layers, i.e. a conversion layer 13 extending over the faces 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , and an adhesive holding primer layer 14 deposited on the conversion layer 13 .
  • the conversion layer 13 consists of alumina.
  • the primer layer 14 consists of a resin from the family of epoxide resins in which are integrated corrosion inhibitors, for example zinc salts.
  • the conversion layer 13 has a thickness I comprised between 1 and 50 ⁇ m and preferably comprised between 5 and 20 ⁇ m.
  • the primer layer 14 preferably has a thickness d of a few micrometers.
  • An adhesive layer 15 deposited on both opposite faces 8 , 9 of the separating metal sheets 5 ensures the connection between the separating metal sheets 5 and the fin 4 .
  • the thickness e of the adhesive layer 15 is comprised between 20 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the adhesive 15 is a structural adhesive from the family of epoxide resins.
  • the adhesive 15 contains corrosion inhibiting elements, for example zinc salts or oxides.
  • the adhesive 15 is also loaded with 20 to 60% by mass of additional elements which substantially increase its heat conductivity, for example of metal or ceramic origin. Thus, the heat conductivity of the adhesive 15 is located between 2 and 5 W/m/K.
  • the separating metal sheets 5 are made in aluminium, an example of which is shown in FIG. 3 , the fins 4 , an example of which is shown in FIG. 7 , and the bars 6 of the matrix 2 .
  • the opposite faces 8 , 9 of the separating metal sheets 5 , the opposite faces 10 , 11 of the fins 4 , as well as the bars 6 are anodized in order to grow conversion layers 13 in alumina (Al 2 O 3 ).
  • the anodization is preferably sulfuric or chromic anodization. The result is illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 8 .
  • the anodization will then be replaced with a phosphatization operation.
  • the conversion layers 13 are covered with the holding primer layers 14 .
  • this step is carried out by dipping the bars 6 , the fins 4 and the separating metal sheets 5 in an aqueous solution of the holding primer.
  • the components 4 , 5 , 6 are coated with holding primer 14 .
  • the holding primer 14 is applied on the components 4 , 5 , 6 by projection.
  • the application of the holding primer 14 is followed by drying punctuated by heating in order to chemically bind the holding primer 14 to the treated surfaces.
  • the connection between the holding primer 14 and the anodized surfaces 13 is preferably obtained by a hot air treatment carried out at a temperature comprised between 50 and 200° C., this for a period which preferably ranges between 30 and 120 mins.
  • the anodized components 4 , 5 , 6 coated with the holding primer 14 are maintained at about 90° C. for about 120 mins.
  • the adhesive 15 is only applied on the holding primer 14 of the separating metal sheets 5 .
  • This may be made as an adhesive paste uniformly deposited in layers by means of a doctor blade in order to end up with a sufficient and uniform thickness, or else by applying a film which will be co-laminated on the separating metal sheets 5 , or by any other means giving the possibility of providing the deposit of adhesive 15 on the separating metal sheets 5 .
  • the application of the adhesive 15 should observe as much as possible a residual thickness of about 20 to 150 microns in order to both ensure the role of a binder and the role for protecting the underlying separating metal sheet 5 .
  • the result of the fourth step is illustrated in FIG. 6 .
  • a fifth step the components 4 , 5 , 6 are stacked in order to obtain the stack 3 .
  • the sixth step consists of an ovening phase at a temperature below 150° C. of the stack 3 in order to cure (polymerize) the adhesive 15 .
  • a solid and corrosion-resistant matrix 2 is obtained.
  • the ovening for example consists in heating and maintaining the stack 3 at 90° C. for four hours, followed by heating and maintaining the stack 3 at 120° C. for one hour. This may be carried out in a press-oven, in an oven with forced convection or any other equivalent heating method.
  • a device for clamping the stack 3 is preferably used in order to optimize the connection of the components 4 , 5 , 6 during the polymerization process.
  • the clamping device may for example maintain the components 4 , 5 , 6 under a constant load exceeding 100 kPa.
  • the completed matrix 2 may then be provided with heads for dispensing fluid in order to form a heat exchanger.
  • the fluid dispensing heads may be directly adhesively bonded on the surface of the matrix 2 with said adhesive 15 .
  • the fluid dispensing heads are welded to the matrix 2 via intermediate parts nested beforehand into the matrix 2 during its stacking according to a male/female configuration.
  • Said intermediate parts give the possibility of moving the welding area sufficiently away from the matrix 2 in order to avoid degradation of the adhesive joints of the matrix 2 by the high temperatures prevailing during welding.
  • the seal of the connection between the intermediate part and the matrix 2 is ensured by an elastomer based on silicone.
  • each metal component 4 , 5 , 6 is covered with multiple layers which act as barriers to diffusion and to propagation of corrosion sources.
  • certain components 4 , 5 , 6 of the matrix 2 are brazed and others adhesively bonded.
  • fluid passages of the matrix 2 intended to receive the corrosive fluid such as sea water are delimited by adhesively bonded components 4 , 5 , 6
  • the fluid passages of the matrix 2 intended for fluids, for which the pressure of use is outside the field of use of the adhesive 15 , for example ammonia are delimited by brazed components 4 , 5 , 6 .
  • the components 4 , 5 , 6 having to be brazed are brazed according to the usual method for manufacturing a brazed heat exchanger.
  • Sub-assemblies of the matrix 2 are made with the whole of these components 4 , 5 , 6 , being aware that the brazing is only present on the surfaces which have to be brazed.
  • the brazed sub-assemblies and the remaining components 4 , 5 , 6 are coated with adhesive 15 and stacked for forming the stack 3 .
  • the stack 3 then undergoes ovening described above (step six). The low temperature of the ovening gives the possibility of not degrading the brazing carried out in a first phase.
  • an adhesively bonded/brazed mixed matrix is assembled by using low temperature brazing (melting temperature of the brazing below 200° C.). This gives the possibility of first assembling the whole stack 3 with its sub-assemblies coated with adhesive and brazing, and then ovening said stack 3 so as to thereby cure the adhesive and at the same time merge the brazing.
  • the heat exchanger matrix proposed may be applied in corrosive environments while retaining the required heat performance and pressure resistance properties. Further, the method according to the invention gives the possibility of assembling heat exchanger matrices of a large volume.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
US14/917,382 2013-09-09 2014-08-22 Bonded heat exchanger matrix and corresponding bonding method Abandoned US20160216039A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1358657 2013-09-09
FR1358657A FR3010513B1 (fr) 2013-09-09 2013-09-09 Matrice d'echangeur de chaleur collee et procede de collage correspondant
PCT/EP2014/067878 WO2015032631A1 (fr) 2013-09-09 2014-08-22 Matrice d'échangeur de chaleur collée et procédé de collage correspondant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20160216039A1 true US20160216039A1 (en) 2016-07-28

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US14/917,382 Abandoned US20160216039A1 (en) 2013-09-09 2014-08-22 Bonded heat exchanger matrix and corresponding bonding method

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20160216039A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6487443B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR20160058099A (zh)
CN (1) CN105705900B (zh)
DE (1) DE112014004129T5 (zh)
FR (1) FR3010513B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2015032631A1 (zh)

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10782074B2 (en) 2017-10-20 2020-09-22 Api Heat Transfer, Inc. Heat exchanger with a cooling medium bar
US20210404749A1 (en) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-30 Treau, Inc. Multilayer sheets for heat exchangers
US11781758B2 (en) 2009-03-13 2023-10-10 Treau, Inc. Window-mounted climate control system and method
US11885577B2 (en) 2015-05-20 2024-01-30 Other Lab, Llc Heat exchanger array system and method for an air thermal conditioner

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CN107782181A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-09 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 一种新型换热器芯部
EP3561434B1 (en) 2016-12-21 2023-03-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Heat exchanger, method for manufacturing same, and refrigeration cycle device
JP6888211B2 (ja) * 2018-07-13 2021-06-16 株式会社三井Ｅ＆Ｓマシナリー 気化器
CN112424464B (zh) * 2018-07-13 2021-07-06 三井易艾斯机械有限公司 气化器
JP6740289B2 (ja) * 2018-07-13 2020-08-12 株式会社三井Ｅ＆Ｓマシナリー 気化器
JP7166153B2 (ja) * 2018-11-30 2022-11-07 昭和電工パッケージング株式会社 熱交換器
JP7274325B2 (ja) * 2019-03-28 2023-05-16 株式会社レゾナック・パッケージング 熱交換器
JP7239370B2 (ja) * 2019-03-28 2023-03-14 株式会社レゾナック・パッケージング 熱交換器
JP7221136B2 (ja) * 2019-05-28 2023-02-13 株式会社レゾナック・パッケージング 熱交換器
CN113669892B (zh) * 2019-08-01 2022-10-14 浙江三花智能控制股份有限公司 换热器

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US5079087A (en) * 1987-04-24 1992-01-07 Alcan International Limited Process for making metal surfaces hydrophilic and novel products thus produced
US5490559A (en) * 1994-07-20 1996-02-13 Dinulescu; Horia A. Heat exchanger with finned partition walls
US20020144808A1 (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-10 Jones Bart R. Adhesively bonded radiator assembly
US20090178780A1 (en) * 2006-04-14 2009-07-16 Kammerzell Larry L Flat plate heat exchanger
US20120118748A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2012-05-17 Carrier Corporation Method For Forming An Oxide Layer On A Brazed Article
US20110284194A1 (en) * 2010-05-20 2011-11-24 Asish Sarkar Elastomeric Gasket
US9080818B2 (en) * 2011-02-04 2015-07-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Heat exchanger with foam fins
US20140093723A1 (en) * 2011-05-27 2014-04-03 Masaki Takeuchi Substrate, method for producing same, heat-releasing substrate, and heat-releasing module
US20140262183A1 (en) * 2011-10-26 2014-09-18 Carrier Corporation Polymer tube heat exchanger
US20140177158A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Aleksandar Aleksov Thermal matched composite die

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11781758B2 (en) 2009-03-13 2023-10-10 Treau, Inc. Window-mounted climate control system and method
US11885577B2 (en) 2015-05-20 2024-01-30 Other Lab, Llc Heat exchanger array system and method for an air thermal conditioner
US10782074B2 (en) 2017-10-20 2020-09-22 Api Heat Transfer, Inc. Heat exchanger with a cooling medium bar
US20210404749A1 (en) * 2020-06-30 2021-12-30 Treau, Inc. Multilayer sheets for heat exchangers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105705900A (zh) 2016-06-22
FR3010513A1 (fr) 2015-03-13
DE112014004129T5 (de) 2016-05-25
JP2016530477A (ja) 2016-09-29
CN105705900B (zh) 2017-11-14
KR20160058099A (ko) 2016-05-24
FR3010513B1 (fr) 2015-10-16
JP6487443B2 (ja) 2019-03-20
WO2015032631A1 (fr) 2015-03-12

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