US20150368902A1 - Method for producing a multi-layered reinforced concrete element - Google Patents

Method for producing a multi-layered reinforced concrete element Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150368902A1
US20150368902A1 US14/766,148 US201414766148A US2015368902A1 US 20150368902 A1 US20150368902 A1 US 20150368902A1 US 201414766148 A US201414766148 A US 201414766148A US 2015368902 A1 US2015368902 A1 US 2015368902A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
concrete wall
concrete
insulating layer
reinforcement body
casting mold
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Abandoned
Application number
US14/766,148
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English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Roers
Haval Khaffaf
Michael LOOF
Achim Symannek
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Covestro Deutschland AG
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Covestro Deutschland AG
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Assigned to BAYER MATERIALSCIENCE AG reassignment BAYER MATERIALSCIENCE AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LOOF, Michael, Khaffaf, Haval, SYMANNEK, ACHIM, ROERS, ROLF
Publication of US20150368902A1 publication Critical patent/US20150368902A1/en
Assigned to COVESTRO DEUTSCHLAND AG reassignment COVESTRO DEUTSCHLAND AG CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BAYER MATERIALSCIENCE AG
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
    • B28B7/342—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials which are at least partially destroyed, e.g. broken, molten, before demoulding; Moulding surfaces or spaces shaped by, or in, the ground, or sand or soil, whether bound or not; Cores consisting at least mainly of sand or soil, whether bound or not
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/003—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to insulating material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/028—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members for double - wall articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a multi-layered reinforced concrete element, the multi-layered reinforced concrete element having at least one first concrete wall in composite with a reinforcement body, the concrete element comprising an insulating layer bearing at least indirectly against the first concrete wall, and the reinforcement body being designed to project at least partially out of the first concrete wall and to penetrate the insulating layer.
  • Precast concrete parts play an important role in the building industry.
  • precast concrete parts have for some years been equipped at the factory with integrated insulating layers, this referring particularly to walls and ceilings made from reinforced concrete with core insulation.
  • insulating board stock composed particularly of mineral wool and polystyrene is introduced by hand.
  • EP 1 010 828 B1 shows a more advanced production of a precast wall part with an inner shell and outer shell made from concrete and connected to one another via bearers of a reinforcement body.
  • PU foam is applied to its inside which points upward for the purpose of applying the PU foam.
  • the complementary concrete shell is thereafter produced by dipping into a concrete bed and by subsequent setting.
  • a defined cavity for the PU foam body is in this case not provided, and subsequent filling with further concrete takes place onto an undefined PU insulating layer surface.
  • the not yet set PU foam body, which is applied as a reaction mixture, is distributed by means of an air stream.
  • the height of the cured foam is in this case derived from the applied height of the reaction mixture, the height of the latter being determined in turn by the speed of application, with a given reaction time, and having irregular topography.
  • a structurally geometric limitation of the cavity is therefore not provided, the disadvantage of this being that an insulating layer of defined thickness cannot be formed.
  • EP 1 106 745 A2 A similar method is disclosed in EP 1 106 745 A2.
  • a method for producing a prefabricated ceiling element as a finished component is likewise described, two disks of reinforced concrete being spaced apart from one another by means of a plurality of lattice bearers, the lattice hearers being concreted into the respective disk, the end portions surrounding at least the longitudinal bars with welded-on strut junction fittings, and the space between the disks being filled completely with foamed polyurethane.
  • the cavity arising between the two disks is filled with in-situ polyurethane foam as early as during production.
  • the cured polyurethane layer is in this case intended to assist the structurally static function of the lattice hearers and of the concrete disks.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for producing a multi-layered reinforced concrete element, and, in particular, the object of the invention is to be able in a flexible way to form the insulating layer from a PU foam preferably with different thicknesses.
  • a method for producing a multi-layered reinforced concrete element comprising a first concrete wall in composite with a reinforcement body and having an insulating layer bearing at least indirectly against the first concrete wall, the first concrete wall being connected to the insulating layer and, in particular, to a second concrete wall via a reinforcement body, in particular a GFRP or steel reinforcement body.
  • the method according to the invention in this case comprises the steps mentioned below:
  • the provision of the first concrete wall having a reinforcement body may take place, the reinforcement body being cast partially into the first concrete wall. This may take place by the casting and setting of the first concrete wall in a casting mold, during casting one portion of the reinforcement body being cast into the concrete wall (hereafter: cast-in portion), and a further portion of the reinforcement body being capable of projecting out of the first concrete wall (hereafter: projecting portion).
  • This is then followed by the step of arranging the first concrete wall and the reinforcement body arranged on it with a vertical spacing from the underside of the first concrete wall via heaped loose material, in particular silica sand, which has previously been introduced into a heaping container and, for example, has been shaken or smoothed out.
  • the projecting portion is in this case arranged on the underside of the first concrete wall and penetrates into the heap, and, in particular, the heap may subsequently be shaken.
  • a predefined free space in this case remains between the surface of the heap and the underside of the first concrete wall.
  • This is followed by filling up the free space with a reaction mixture to form polyurethane foam which constitutes an insulating layer.
  • the step of curing the insulating layer subsequently follows.
  • the concrete wall, together with the reinforcement body and with the polyurethane insulating layer cured on this composite can be removed from the heap and, in particular, be freed of the material of the heap.
  • the essence of the invention is, in particular, that the concrete wall provided with the reinforcement body, for example with integrated metallic lattice bearers or GFRP ties to form the reinforcement body, is placed upside down, that is to say with the reinforcement body pointing downward, over a preferably shakeable heaping container or the like, in which the heap of flowable solids, in particular of a fine-grained granulate, such as, for example, silica sand, is provided.
  • the filling height of the heap or the height at which the concrete wall is held over the surface of the heap may be stipulated, as desired.
  • the insulating layer can be formed in a most highly flexible way with different thicknesses.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer may amount, for example, to a value of 2 cm to 40 cm, preferably of, for example, 5 cm to 30 cm and especially preferably of, for example, 10 cm to 25 cm, since these thicknesses can be foamed especially well with a reaction mixture.
  • Reaction mixtures of polyol and isocyanate are especially suitable for the production of polyurethane insulating layers, although the insulating layer may comprise any further insulating material, for example even a phenol resin foam.
  • the reinforcement body does not have to be produced in one piece, and, for example, individual, preferably glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars or cages may also form the reinforcement body.
  • Thrust pegs as they may be referred to, are also known, and therefore the reinforcement body may also be constructed, in particular, from a thrust peg system composed of steel elements or fiber-reinforced polymer elements which form the thrust pegs.
  • the filling of the free space with the reaction mixture may take place by means of a flexible casting system, for example by means of a casting rake system, with a rigid or with an oscillating casting head or with a casting mandrel which is such that it can be moved between the concrete element and the heap surface in spite of the presence of the reinforcement body.
  • casting may also take place from the side, and the reaction mixture may run into the free space.
  • the term “casting” in this case likewise embraces any type of spraying or injection of the reaction mixture.
  • the heap may be formed, in principle, by any type of flowable solids and may also comprise mixtures of different solids.
  • the heap should in this case be suitable for forming a barrier for the reaction mixture, in order thereby to exert a shape-forming action, while the reaction mixture, which comprises, in particular, polyol and isocyanate as components, can fill with foam to a vertically defined height the free space which, for example, extends flat horizontally.
  • the hollow space thus provided forms a defined cavity with an essentially flat extent, extending parallel to the first concrete wall, between the surface of the heap as the lower boundary and the underside of the first concrete wall as the upper boundary, and this hollow space may be filled, in particular by means of a distribution system, over its entire area with flowable reaction mixture or with another at least phasedly flowable mixture, in order, after curing, to form the insulating layer.
  • the second concrete wall may be cast onto the element produced or the insulated first concrete wall may be dipped into the still fresh (non-set) second concrete wall, so that a reinforced concrete sandwich element with two concrete walls and with the insulating layer, in particular PU hard foam core insulation, lying between them is obtained as a final component.
  • the following method step takes place: insertion of the first concrete wall together with the reinforcement body into a casting mold, the projecting portion and the insulating layer being arranged underneath the first concrete wall.
  • the filling of the casting mold with concrete may subsequently take place, but preferably the insertion of the first concrete wall into the already reinforced and freshly concreted second wall may be carried out.
  • the casting of the concrete for the second wall therefore usually takes place before the insertion of the already set first wall.
  • the second concrete wall is thus obtained, into which the projecting portion of the reinforcement body is likewise at least partially cast. In this refinement, therefore, the projecting portion projects downward.
  • the casting mold is delimited upwardly by the concrete wall. The free space is thus filled up in a targeted manner, depending on the quantity of liquid concrete which is introduced into the casting mold.
  • the second concrete wall may also be formed in such a way that the second concrete wall bears at least indirectly against the insulating layer. There is therefore then no longer any interspace present in the finished product between the second concrete wall and the insulating layer.
  • Such an interspace may, for example, be filled up with concrete later on the building site.
  • a second preferred refinement there is provision whereby, after curing, the composite of the insulating layer and of the first concrete wall, together with the reinforcement body, is inserted into the casting mold, the projecting portion of the reinforcement body and the insulating layer being arranged above the first concrete wall.
  • the insulating layer can form the bottom of the casting mold thus provided.
  • the composite of the first concrete wall with the reinforcement body and of the insulating layer is dipped into an already concrete-filled casting mold, with the insulating layer pointing downward, and the concrete is subsequently set.
  • Indirect bearing in this case also means a set-up in which a further material ply, for example an insulating foil, is provided between the concrete wall and the insulating layer bearing against it.
  • a further material ply for example an insulating foil
  • the concrete walls which, in principle, may be plate-shaped, are oriented essentially horizontally.
  • FIG. 1 shows the first part of the production method in several steps
  • FIG. 2 shows the second part of the production method in a first refinement in several steps
  • FIG. 3 shows the second part of the production method in a second refinement in several steps.
  • FIG. 2 c shows a finished reinforced concrete element 10 which has been produced by means of a method according to the invention.
  • the reinforced concrete element 10 comprises a first concrete wall 11 arranged on top and a second concrete wall 12 spaced apart from this. Between the two concrete walls 11 and 12 , an insulating layer 14 is provided. The insulating layer 14 hears against the first concrete wall 11 , and a free interspace 20 is formed between the insulating layer 14 and the second concrete wall 12 .
  • FIG. 3 c shows an alternative reinforced concrete element 10 .
  • the insulating layer 14 also bears against the second concrete wall 12 .
  • plastic films or other material plies may be arranged between the insulating layer 14 and the concrete walls bearing against it.
  • a reinforcement body 13 in the form of a steel reinforcement cage, which can be seen in the interspace 20 is shown.
  • the reinforcement body 13 is surrounded completely by concrete or the insulating layer 14 and therefore cannot be seen.
  • FIG. 1 a a first part of the production method according to the invention is described.
  • the reinforcement body 13 is inserted in a first casting mold 17 .
  • the first casting mold 17 is then partially filled with liquid concrete 22 .
  • the concrete subsequently sets to form the first concrete wall 11 , see FIG. 1 b .
  • a portion 13 ′′ of the reinforcement body 13 is then cast into the first concrete wall 11 .
  • Another portion 13 ′ of the reinforcement body 13 projects out of the first concrete wall 11 .
  • the element obtained composed of the first concrete wall ( 11 ) and of the reinforcement body ( 13 ), is overturned, so that the projecting portion 13 ′ is arranged on the underside of the first concrete wall 11 .
  • the reinforcement body 13 is then dipped, virtually upside down, into a heap 15 of defined depth which is introduced into a heaping container 23 (see FIG. 1 c ).
  • the heap 15 is formed by sand, in particular by silica sand.
  • only the reinforcement body 13 is dipped with its projecting portion 13 ′ into the heap 15 .
  • the first concrete wall 11 remains completely above and is arranged so as to be spaced from the heap 15 .
  • a vertical free space 16 thus remains between the first concrete wall 11 and the heap 15 in the heaping container 23 , see FIG. 1 d.
  • the heap 15 may be shaken by means of a shaking device. Particularly after the dipping of the reinforcement body 13 , the shaking of the heap 15 is expedient, in order thereby to distribute the heap as uniformly as possible and to obtain as planar a surface as possible.
  • the free space 16 is then filled completely with a flowable reaction mixture, in the present example PU foam composed of polyol and isocyanate.
  • a flowable reaction mixture in the present example PU foam composed of polyol and isocyanate.
  • the reaction mixture becomes solid and forms a composite of the insulating layer 14 with the first concrete wall 11 and of the reinforcement body, see FIG. 1 e .
  • FIG. 1 f shows the intermediate product which comprises the first concrete wall 11 , the insulating layer 14 bearing against it and the reinforcement body 13 .
  • the intermediate product is inserted into a second casting mold 18 , see FIG. 3 a .
  • the reinforcement body 13 is inserted, with its projecting portion 13 ′ downward, into the second casting mold 18 .
  • Spacers can ensure that the reinforcement body 13 has, in principle, a certain spacing from the bottom 19 of the casting mold 18 .
  • FIG. 2 b a free space 21 is then formed between the insulating layer 14 and the bottom 19 of the casting mold 18 .
  • the projecting portion 13 ′ of the reinforcement body 13 is arranged therein.
  • This free space 21 is then filled up at least partially with concrete 22 .
  • An interspace 20 remains, since the free space 21 is only partially filled up. However, it is also possible that the free space 21 is filled up completely.
  • the second concrete wall 12 is then also thereby brought into bearing contact with the insulating layer 14 .
  • FIG. 3 b shows the intermediate product according to FIG. 1 f inside the second casting mold 18 .
  • the first concrete wall 11 lies on the bottom 19 of the second casting mold 18 .
  • the casting mold 18 is then filled up with concrete 22 from above. On account of gravity, the concrete 22 introduced then comes to lie against the insulating layer 14 , so that, in this refinement, there is no provision for an interspace 20 to occur between the insulating layer and the second concrete wall 12 .
  • the reinforcement body 13 may also be dipped into the mold already filled with concrete or with the insulating layer 14 .
  • the casting molds may be shakeable in order to achieve compaction of the concrete.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
US14/766,148 2013-02-15 2014-02-10 Method for producing a multi-layered reinforced concrete element Abandoned US20150368902A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13155444.6 2013-02-15
EP13155444.6A EP2767373A1 (de) 2013-02-15 2013-02-15 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen, bewehrten Betonelements
PCT/EP2014/052500 WO2014124886A1 (de) 2013-02-15 2014-02-10 Verfahren zur herstellung eines mehrschichtigen, bewehrten betonelements

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US14/766,148 Abandoned US20150368902A1 (en) 2013-02-15 2014-02-10 Method for producing a multi-layered reinforced concrete element

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US20150368902A1 (de)
EP (2) EP2767373A1 (de)
CN (1) CN104981330B (de)
MX (1) MX2015010227A (de)
RU (1) RU2015139040A (de)
WO (1) WO2014124886A1 (de)

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CN109176867A (zh) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-11 西安建工绿色建筑集团有限公司 一种预制ptw墙板生产定位装置及预制ptw墙板生产方法
US20210332599A1 (en) * 2016-02-26 2021-10-28 Ashgrove Holdings, LLC Panel production kits, methods, and systems

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CN104499654B (zh) * 2014-12-17 2019-04-02 张跃 一种预制装配式屋顶及其制作方法
CN107553806B (zh) * 2016-07-01 2021-08-24 科思创德国股份有限公司 聚氨酯混凝土夹芯元件及其制法
CN110219417B (zh) * 2019-05-05 2021-02-12 江苏建筑职业技术学院 一种高粘结性钢骨及生产工艺

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CN109176867A (zh) * 2018-09-14 2019-01-11 西安建工绿色建筑集团有限公司 一种预制ptw墙板生产定位装置及预制ptw墙板生产方法

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WO2014124886A1 (de) 2014-08-21
EP2956283A1 (de) 2015-12-23
EP2956283B1 (de) 2017-02-01
EP2767373A1 (de) 2014-08-20
CN104981330A (zh) 2015-10-14
MX2015010227A (es) 2016-10-26
CN104981330B (zh) 2017-09-01

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