US20150158100A1 - Method for hob peeling and corresponding device having a hob peeling tool - Google Patents

Method for hob peeling and corresponding device having a hob peeling tool Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20150158100A1
US20150158100A1 US14/116,122 US201214116122A US2015158100A1 US 20150158100 A1 US20150158100 A1 US 20150158100A1 US 201214116122 A US201214116122 A US 201214116122A US 2015158100 A1 US2015158100 A1 US 2015158100A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
skiving
work piece
tool
skiving tool
degrees
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/116,122
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Olaf Vogel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Klingelnberg AG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=44803275&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US20150158100(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to KLINGELNBERG AG reassignment KLINGELNBERG AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Vogel, Olaf, Dr.
Publication of US20150158100A1 publication Critical patent/US20150158100A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/12—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by planing or slotting
    • B23F5/16—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by planing or slotting the tool having a shape similar to that of a spur wheel or part thereof
    • B23F5/163—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by planing or slotting the tool having a shape similar to that of a spur wheel or part thereof the tool and workpiece being in crossed axis arrangement, e.g. skiving, i.e. "Waelzschaelen"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F21/00—Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F21/04—Planing or slotting tools
    • B23F21/06—Planing or slotting tools having a profile which matches a gear tooth profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F21/00—Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F21/04—Planing or slotting tools
    • B23F21/10—Gear-shaper cutters having a shape similar to a spur wheel or part thereof
    • B23F21/103—Gear-shaper cutters having a shape similar to a spur wheel or part thereof with inserted cutting elements
    • B23F21/106—Gear-shaper cutters having a shape similar to a spur wheel or part thereof with inserted cutting elements in exchangeable arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F21/00—Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F21/12—Milling tools
    • B23F21/126—Milling tools with inserted cutting elements
    • B23F21/128—Milling tools with inserted cutting elements in exchangeable arrangement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/17—Gear cutting tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
    • Y10T409/100159—Gear cutting with regulation of operation by use of templet, card, or other replaceable information supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
    • Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating
    • Y10T409/10159—Hobbing
    • Y10T409/101749—Process
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
    • Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating
    • Y10T409/10477—Gear tooth shape generating by relative axial movement between synchronously indexing or rotating work and cutter
    • Y10T409/105088—Displacing cutter axially relative to work [e.g., gear shaving, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
    • Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating
    • Y10T409/105724—Gear shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/16—Severing or cut-off
    • Y10T82/16114—Severing or cut-off including scrap cutting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for skiving a toothing or another periodic structure and an apparatus for skiving a toothing or another periodic structure comprising a skiving tool.
  • a tool comprising cutters is applied in order to cut the flanks of a work piece.
  • the work piece is cut in one clamping continuously, i.e., in an uninterrupted process.
  • the continuous method is based on complex coupled movement sequences, in which the tool and the work piece to be machined perform a continuous indexing movement relative to each other.
  • the indexing movement results from the driving in coordination with respect to the coupledly driving of plural axle drives of a machine.
  • one tooth gap is machined; then, for example, a relative movement of the tool and a so-called indexing movement (indexing rotation), in which the work piece rotates relative to the tool, are carried out, and then the next tooth gap is machined.
  • indexing rotation indexing movement
  • a gear wheel is manufactured step by step.
  • the initially mentioned gear shaping method may be described or represented by a cylinder gear transmission, because the intersection angle (also called intersection angle of axes) between the rotation axis R1 of the shaping tool 1 and the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 2 amounts to zero degrees, as represented schematically in FIG. 1 .
  • the two rotation axes R1 and R2 run parallel, if the intersection angle of axes amounts to zero degrees.
  • the work piece 2 and the shaping tool 1 rotate continuously about their rotation axes R2 respectively R1.
  • the shaping tool 1 carries out a stroke movement, which is referenced in FIG. 1 by the double arrow s hx , and removes chips from the work piece 2 during this stroke movement.
  • skiving was taken up anew. It was not until the present-day simulation methods and the modern CNC-controls of the machines, that the principle of skiving could be implemented as a productive, reproducible and robust method.
  • an intersection angle of axes ⁇ between the rotation axis R1 of the skiving tool 10 (also called skiving wheel) and the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 20 is prescribed, which is different from zero.
  • the resulting relative movement between the skiving tool 10 and the work piece 20 is a helical movement, which can be decomposed into a rotational portion (rotatory portion) and an advance portion (translational portion).
  • a generation helical type gear transmission can be considered as a drive technology-specific analogon, wherein the rotational portion corresponds to the rolling and the advance portion corresponds to the gliding of the flanks.
  • the cutting speed in skiving is influenced directly by the rotational speed of the skiving tool 10 with respect to the work piece 20 and the utilized intersection angle of axes ⁇ between the rotation axes R1 and R2.
  • the intersection angle of axes ⁇ and thus the gliding portion should be selected such that for a given rotational speed an optimum cutting speed is achieved for the machining of the material.
  • FIG. 2 shows the skiving of an outer toothing on a cylindrical work piece 20 .
  • the work piece 20 and the tool 10 (here a cylindrical skiving tool 10 ) rotate in opposite directions.
  • An axial feed s ax is required in order to be able to machine with the tool 10 the entire toothing width of the work piece 20 .
  • a differential feed s D is superimposed on the axial feed s ax .
  • a radial feed s rad may be carried out as a lining movement. The radial feed s rad may also be employed in order to influence the convexity of the toothing of the work piece 20 .
  • the vector of the cutting speed ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ c results substantially as the difference of the two velocity vectors ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 and ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 of the rotation axes R1, R2 of the tool 10 and the work piece 20 , which [velocity vectors] are tilted with respect to each other by the intersection angle of axes ⁇ .
  • the symbol ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 is the velocity vector at the periphery of the tool
  • ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 is the velocity vector at the periphery of the work piece 20 .
  • the cutting speed v c of the skiving process may thus be changed by the intersection angle of axes ⁇ and the rotation speed in the equivalent helical gear.
  • the axial feed s ax has only a small influence on the cutting speed v c , which can be neglected and is thus not shown in the vector diagram comprising the vectors ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 , ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 and ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ c in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 3 The skiving of an outer toothing of a work piece 20 using a conical skiving tool 10 is shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the intersection angle of axes ⁇ , the vector of the cutting speed ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ c , the velocity vectors ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 at the periphery of the tool 10 and ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 at the periphery of the work piece 20 as well as the cant angle ⁇ 1 of the tool 10 and the cant angle ⁇ 2 of the work piece 20 is shown.
  • the cant angle ⁇ 2 is different from zero.
  • the tooth head of the tool 10 is referenced with the reference sign 4 in FIG. 3 .
  • the tooth breast is referenced with the reference sign 5 in FIG. 3 .
  • the two rotation axes R1 and R2 do not intersect, but are arranged skew (skew-whiff) with respect to each other.
  • the calculation point AP is hitherto usually chosen on the joint plumb of the two rotation axes R1 and R2, because a tilting of the skiving tool 10 for providing of end relieve angles is not necessary.
  • the calculation point AP coincides with the so-called contact point.
  • the rolling circles of the equivalent helical generation gear contact each other in this calculation point AP.
  • the gliding portion of the relative movement between the skiving tool and the work piece must produce sufficiently high cutting speeds.
  • the cutting speed v c is influenced directly by the rotation speed of the equivalent helical gear, by the effective work piece with respect to the tool radii and by the intersection angle of axes ⁇ of the rotation axes R1 and R2.
  • the possible rotation speed is limited here by the permitted rotational frequency of the machining apparatus (skiving machine) used.
  • the size of the work piece is fixedly predetermined.
  • the possible size of the tool is limited by the work space of the machining apparatus (skiving machine) employed and for inner toothings also by the inner space of this proper toothing. Therefore, sufficiently high cutting speeds can often be generated only by corresponding large intersection angles of axes ⁇ .
  • intersection angle of axes ⁇ cannot be predetermined arbitrarily in practice, because beside the purely vectorial consideration of the different movements, which are superimposed, there are a number of other aspects, which must be taken into account compulsorily. These additional aspects, which must be incorporated in the considerations, are described in the following paragraphs.
  • a tool 10 comes to application, which comprises at least one geometrically determined cutting edge.
  • the cutting edge/cutting edges are not shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 .
  • the shape and arrangement of the cutting edges belong to those aspects, which must be taken into account for a concrete layout in practice.
  • the skiving tool 10 has the shape of a spur-toothed spur wheel.
  • the outer contour of the base body in FIG. 2 is cylindrical. However, it can also be tapered (also called conical), as shown in FIG. 3 . Because the tooth or the teeth of the skiving tool 10 come in engagement along the entire length of the cutting edge, each tooth of the tool 10 requires a sufficient end relief angle at the cutting edge.
  • a conical skiving tool 10 is shown when generating an outer toothing on a work piece 20 .
  • the so-called constructional rake angle ⁇ Ko at the cutter head of the conical skiving tool 10 is visible in FIG. 4B .
  • the intersection point of axes AK and the contact point BP of the rolling circles of the skiving tool 10 and the work piece 20 coincide in FIG. 4A and lie on the joint plumb GL (not shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B ) of the rotation axes R1 and R2.
  • FIG. 5 a further representation of a spur-toothed or helical-toothed conical skiving tool 10 and a cylinder-shaped work piece 20 is shown, wherein the view of FIG. 5 has been chosen such that both rotation axes R1 and R2 run parallel, although the two axes R1 and R2 are skew with respect to each other.
  • the joint plumb GL of the two axes R1 and R2 can be seen in FIG. 5 .
  • the contact point BP lies on the joint plumb GL as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B a configuration of a cylindrical skiving tool 10 and an outer-toothed cylindrical work piece 20 is shown.
  • the skiving tool 10 is not only skewed with respect to the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 20 (as can be recognized in FIG. 6A on the basis of the intersection angle of axes ⁇ ), but is positioned with respect to the work piece 20 such that it is tilted away from it by a small angle ⁇ Ko (as is seen in FIG. 6B ).
  • an effective rake angle can thus be generated, which is shown in FIG. 6B for the head cutting edge as ⁇ Ki .
  • Effective rake angles are also generated at the lateral cutting edges of the tool by the tilting away. However, these turn out to be smaller than at the head cutting edge. As a general rule, these rake angles are only half as large.
  • a skiving tool 10 When starting from a spur-toothed or a helically toothed cylindrical skiving tool 10 , as shown in the FIGS. 6A and 6B , one recognizes that such a skiving tool 10 does not have so-called constructional rake angles, neither at the head nor at the flanks. If such a cylindrical skiving tool 10 was clamped in the conventional manner, there would be no rake angles.
  • a kinematic rake angle can be generated by the tilting away of the skiving tool 10 as already described. In practice, the tilting away of the skiving tool 10 is achieved by an eccentric clamping of the skiving tool 10 in the machine, in order to thus cause an offset of the cutting face from the intersection point of axes AK.
  • the contact point BP of the rolling circles of the skiving tool 10 and the work piece 20 no longer lies on the joint plumb of the rotation axes R1 and R2 due to the tilting away of the skiving tool 10 .
  • the resulting offset is also called cutting face offset e and is recognizable in FIG. 6A .
  • the rake angles required for skiving lie in the range between 3 degrees and 5 degrees. In order to prescribe these rake angles, a tilting away of cylindrical skiving tools 10 of up to 10 degrees is required and usual in practice.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B an example of a work piece 30 is shown, which has a cylindrical inner ring 31 , wherein this inner ring 31 is represented in the top view of FIG. 7A as a circle only.
  • An inner toothing is to be machined on the inner side of this inner ring by means of skiving with application of a conical skiving tool 10 .
  • the relation between the tooth width of the work piece 30 to the diameter d w2 of the rolling circle of the work piece 30 amounts to approximately 0.62 here.
  • An effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff of at least 26 degrees is required in order to achieve a sufficient cutting speed v c .
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B an example of a work piece 30 is shown, which has a cylindrical inner ring 31 , wherein this inner ring 31 is represented in the top view of FIG. 7A as a circle only.
  • An inner toothing is to be machined on the inner side of this inner ring by means of skiving with application of a conical skiving
  • the collision region is represented schematically by an oval KB in FIGS. 7A and 7B .
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B an example of a work piece 30 is shown, which has a cylindrical inner ring 31 , wherein this inner ring 31 is represented in the top view of FIG. 8A as a circle only.
  • An inner toothing is to be manufactured on the inner side of this inner ring 31 by means of skiving with application of a cylindrical skiving tool 10 .
  • an effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff of at least 26 degrees is required in order to achieve a sufficient cutting speed v c .
  • the collision range is schematically characterized by an oval KB.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B an example of a work piece 20 is shown, which has a first cylindrical section 21 and a second cylindrical section 22 , wherein an outer toothing is to be manufactured on the first cylindrical section 21 by means of skiving with application of a conical skiving tool 10 .
  • the work piece 20 may concern for example a shaft, which has sections having different diameters. An effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff of at least 18 degrees is required in order to achieve a sufficient cutting speed v c . It is recognizable both in FIG. 9A and in FIG.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B which has a first cylindrical section 21 and a second cylindrical section 22 , is shown anew in the FIGS. 10A and 10B , wherein an outer toothing is to be manufactured on the first cylindrical section 21 by means of skiving with application of a conical skiving tool 10 .
  • a conical skiving tool 10 similar to that in FIGS. 9A and 9B is applied, wherein the skiving tool 10 has a cone angle of 20 degrees in the present case.
  • an effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff of at least 18 degrees is required in order to achieve a sufficient cutting speed v c .
  • the achieving of cutting speeds which are as high as possible is concerned.
  • the machining is concerned with inner toothings or other periodic structures lying interiorly on work pieces, for which the peeling nozzle in relation to the tool spindle together with the tool must protrude far into the inner ring of the work piece.
  • achieving cutting speeds which are as high as possible is concerned.
  • the machining is concerned with inner toothings or other periodic structures lying interiorly on work pieces, which have a relatively high tooth width in comparison to the diameter, and achieving cutting speeds as high as possible are concerned, whereby despite the cramped conditions tools as big as possible having effective intersection angles of axes which are as large as possible must be applied.
  • the machining of inner toothings or other periodic structures lying interiorly on work pieces having an inner ring is concerned, where the inner ring has a ratio of inner diameter and the required plunging depth of the peeling nozzle into the work piece, which [ratio] is less than 2.
  • the method and the apparatus shall be robust and shall be suitable for application in a serial production, for example in the automotive industry.
  • the modified skiving method concerns a continuous cutting method that is suitable for the manufacturing of outer and inner rotationally symmetrical periodical structures.
  • skiving hobbing
  • a continuous hobbing toothing method is concerned.
  • skiving is compared to the description and design of the generating train with the kinematics of a helical gear.
  • the method relates to skiving of a work piece having a rotational-symmetric periodical structure by an application of a skiving tool.
  • this skiving method relates to skiving of a work piece having a rotational-symmetric periodical structure by an application of a skiving tool.
  • the skiving tool is clearly tilted away from the work piece or is clearly tilted toward the work piece.
  • the skiving tool is clearly tilted away from the toothing or from the periodical structure on the work piece or is clearly tilted toward the toothing or the periodic structure on the work piece.
  • the absolute value of the tilt angle ⁇ is preferably in an angle range between 15 degrees and 45 degrees and preferably between 20 degrees and 35 degrees.
  • the invention can also be applied, when the work piece concerns a work piece which allows only a small overrun, such as, for example, a component having a peripheral inner or outer collar, or for a component part, e.g., an inner rotational-symmetric periodic structure in a hollow cylinder that is not continuous (a blind whole) is to be machined.
  • a small overrun such as, for example, a component having a peripheral inner or outer collar, or for a component part, e.g., an inner rotational-symmetric periodic structure in a hollow cylinder that is not continuous (a blind whole) is to be machined.
  • the relative movement sequences (called relative movement) between the work piece and the skiving tool are performed predetermined and coordinated in a way such that collisions do not occur.
  • the modified skiving method concerns a continuous cutting method.
  • a hobbing method is concerned.
  • a continuous hobbing toothing method is concerned.
  • a skiving tool like a skiving wheel is employed, which differs significantly from front cutter head tools.
  • the skiving tool has a tool section like a skiving wheel and cutting edges that are formed in the shape of cutting teeth which protrude outward obliquely.
  • a skiving tool is employed preferably in the manufacturing of outer periodic structures, where the tool has a tool section like a skiving wheel and the shape of a cutting wheel, preferably the shape of a disc-type cutting wheel, a shank-type cutting wheel or a deep counterbore-type cutting wheel (e.g., according to DIN 3972 or DIN 5480).
  • a peeling nozzle is employed preferably in the manufacturing of inner periodic structures, where the nozzle is on one hand long (i.e., enables a plunging depth as large as possible) so as to reach sufficiently far into the inner ring of the work piece, and on the other hand has a (shaft) diameter as large as possible so as to give the peeling nozzle the rigidity required for skiving.
  • a skiving tool is employed, which together with a tool spindle and/or an adapter has a shape like a nozzle having a great plunging depth.
  • the peeling nozzle comprises a tool section like a skiving wheel and has the shape of a disc-type generating cutter, a shank-type generating cutter or a deep counterbore-type generating cutter (e.g., according to DIN 3972 or DIN 5480).
  • the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff is predetermined as large as possible in all embodiments so as to achieve sufficient cutting speeds. This aspect plays a role in particular for a small size of the work piece. Since the diameter of a toothing is fixedly predetermined and the maximum rotational frequency for a machine is also fixed, there remains only the means to make the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff sufficiently large.
  • the skiving tools according to the invention are designed either as so-called massive tools, i.e., tools are concerned that are implemented essentially integrally, or they are implemented as cutter head tools (herein called bar cutter skiving wheel) that have a cutter head base body equipped with cutter inserts, preferably in the shape of bar cutters.
  • massive tools i.e., tools are concerned that are implemented essentially integrally, or they are implemented as cutter head tools (herein called bar cutter skiving wheel) that have a cutter head base body equipped with cutter inserts, preferably in the shape of bar cutters.
  • the skiving tools have so-called constructional rake angles, i.e., the rake angles are predetermined due to the geometry of the skiving tool by taking into account the kinematics.
  • the invention is employed preferably for component parts, which have a so-called fitting interference contour (e.g., a collision flank) and which thus can not be manufactured with a conventional skiving method in most cases.
  • a fitting interference contour e.g., a collision flank
  • the invention is based on the feature that the absolute value of the tilt angle ⁇ is set to be greater or equal to 15 degrees, i.e., the skiving tool is tilted significantly stronger as compared to conventional skiving methods.
  • a cutting face offset e is prescribed for cylindrical toothings of the work piece.
  • the method according to invention can be performed both as a dry or wet machining.
  • the modified skiving cannot be employed for the machining of outer toothings only.
  • the modified skiving can also be employed advantageously for the manufacturing of inner toothings.
  • the modified skiving can be employed both in the pre-toothing before the heat treatment of the work piece and also in the finishing toothing after the heat treatment, i.e., the skiving is suitable for the soft-machining and for the hard (fine) machining.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a pushing wheel having a cylindrical outer contour in engagement with a work piece having an outer toothing during gear shaping
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a spur-toothed skiving wheel having a cylindrical outer contour in engagement with a work piece having an outer toothing during skiving;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a helically toothed skiving wheel having a conical outer contour in engagement with a work piece having an outer toothing during skiving;
  • FIG. 4A shows a schematic projection of intersection of axes (projection of contact plane) of a conical skiving tool during skiving of a work piece having an outer toothing, wherein an intersection angle of axes is predetermined in the conventional manner;
  • FIG. 4B shows a schematic side projection of intersection of axes (side projection of contact plane) of the conical skiving tool and the work piece of FIG. 4A ;
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a further conical skiving tool during skiving of a work piece having an outer toothing, wherein the skiving tool is untilted with respect to the work piece in the conventional manner;
  • FIG. 6A shows a schematic projection of intersection of axes of a cylindrical skiving tool during skiving of a work piece having an outer toothing, wherein the skiving tool is tilted away from the work piece with a small angle in the conventional manner and there results a cutting face offset;
  • FIG. 6B shows a schematic side projection of contact plane of the cylindrical skiving tool and the work piece of FIG. 6A ;
  • FIG. 7B shows a schematic back side projection of intersection of axes (back side projection of contact plane) of the conical skiving tool and work piece of FIG. 7A , which clearly shows the collision section;
  • FIG. 8B shows a schematic back side projection of contact plane of the cylindrical skiving tool and work piece of FIG. 8A , which clearly shows the collision section;
  • FIG. 9A shows a schematic side projection of intersection of axes (side projection of contact plane) of a conical skiving tool in the skiving of a work piece having an outer toothing with a small overrun, wherein an effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff of 18 degrees is predetermined and a collision between the skiving tool and the work piece results;
  • FIG. 9B shows a schematic view of the conical skiving tool and work piece of FIG. 9A in order to illustrate the collision more clearly;
  • FIG. 10B shows a schematic view of the conical skiving tool and the work piece of FIG. 10A , in order to illustrate the collision more clearly;
  • FIG. 11 shows the contact plane BE for an outer toothing and some of the relevant angles and vectors
  • FIG. 14B shows a further schematic view of the conical skiving tool and work piece of FIG. 14A ;
  • FIG. 14C shows a schematic projection of intersection of axes of the conical skiving tool and work piece of FIG. 14A ;
  • FIG. 14D shows a schematic side projection of intersection of axes of the conical skiving tool and work piece of FIG. 14A ;
  • FIG. 14E shows a schematic side projection of contact plane of the conical skiving tool and work piece of FIG. 14A ;
  • FIG. 15B shows a further schematic back side projection of intersection of axes of the work piece together with the conical skiving tool of FIG. 15A ;
  • FIG. 16B shows a further schematic view of the conical skiving tool and work piece of FIG. 16A ;
  • FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of a skiving tool in a perspective view
  • FIG. 18A shows a schematic view of a conically tapering skiving tool, which can be employed in relation with the invention for a tilt angle ⁇ of ⁇ 20 degrees;
  • FIG. 18B shows a schematic view of the skiving tool of FIG. 18A together with a cylindrical work piece having an outer toothing, wherein an inclination angle ⁇ of ⁇ 20 degrees is prescribed;
  • FIG. 19 shows a schematic view of the skiving tool together with a cylindrical work piece having an outer toothing, wherein a tilt angle ⁇ of +20 degrees is predetermined;
  • FIG. 20 shows a schematic view of a skiving tool in the form of a generating cutter-massive tool which is suitable for application at an tilt angle ⁇ of approximately ⁇ 20 degrees;
  • FIG. 21A shows a schematic view of a further skiving tool in the form of a massive tool generating cutter, which is suitable in the application with a significantly positive tilt angle 8 ;
  • FIG. 21B shows a schematic view of the skiving tool of FIG. 21A together with a cylindrical work piece having an outer toothing, wherein an inclination angle ⁇ of +20 degrees is prescribed;
  • FIG. 22A shows a schematic view of a further skiving tool in the form of a massive tool generating cutter, which is suitable in the application with a significantly negative tilt angle 8 ;
  • FIG. 22B shows a schematic view of the skiving tool of FIG. 22A together with a cylindrical work piece having an outer toothing, wherein a tilt angle ⁇ of ⁇ 20 degrees is predetermined;
  • FIG. 23 shows a perspective view of a machine according to the invention comprising a skiving tool during the skiving of a work piece having an inner toothing.
  • Rotational-symmetric periodic structures are for example gear wheels having an inner and/or outer toothing. However, for example, also brake discs, clutch or gear transmission elements, and so on may be concerned.
  • the skiving tools are particularly suitable for the manufacturing of pinion shafts, worms, ring gears, toothed wheel pumps, ring joint hubs (ring joints are employed for example in the motor vehicle sector for transmitting the force from a differential gear to a vehicle wheel), spline shaft joints, sliding collars, belt pulleys, and so on.
  • the periodic structures are also called periodically repeating structures.
  • a so-called modified skiving method in which the skiving tool 100 is significantly tilted toward the work piece 50 or 60 or significantly tilted away from the work piece 50 or 70 .
  • the relative movement between the skiving tool 100 and the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 during the skiving corresponds to a helical gear, also called generation helical type gear transmission.
  • the helical gear concerns a spatial transmission gear.
  • the basic design of the skiving process thus occurs, as in the design of transmission gears, at a so-called calculation point AP.
  • the term basic design is understood herein to refer to the definition of the spatial arrangement and movement of the skiving tool 100 with respect to the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 (kinematics) as well as the definition of the geometrical basic parameters of the skiving tool 100 , such as for example the diameter and the tilt angle (basic tool geometry).
  • the basic tool geometry (for example diameter and tilt angle) was defined by the consideration of the engagement conditions at the calculation point AP of the untilted tool in the design of skiving processes with a tilted tool.
  • the tool thus determined was then brought into a tilted position by means of a cutting face offset.
  • different procedures are known for the determination of the resulting exact cutting edge geometry.
  • the engagement conditions between the untilted and tilted tool differ only insignificantly in this case.
  • the geometrical and kinematic engagement conditions at the calculation point AP are designed as optimal as possible.
  • the engagement conditions change with increasing distance from the calculation point AP.
  • skiving represents a very complex process, in which the engagement conditions vary also during the movement of the cutting edge.
  • the varying engagement conditions can be influenced selectively via the engagement conditions at the calculation point AP.
  • the direct design of the skiving tool 100 with consideration of the intended spatial arrangement with significant tilt (inclination) is proposed.
  • the engagement conditions at the calculation point AP have to be designed with consideration of the cutting conditions in the contact plane BE of the spatial gear transmission.
  • joint plumb Skiving processes are characterized by rotation axes R2 and R1 of the orthogonal work piece 50, 60, 70 and the skiving tool 100, which intersect each other projection of in space.
  • the joint plumb, joint joint plumb GL can be indicated uniquely.
  • the orthogonal projection plumb vector (base point) of the joint plumb on the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70 shall be GLF2.
  • the orthogonal projection of the joint plumb on the rotation axis R1 of the skiving tool 100 shall be GLF1.
  • the joint plumb vector GLV shall be the connection vector from GLF1 to GLF2.
  • intersection projection of The view of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and the skiving tool 100 along the intersection of joint plumb GL in the direction of the joint plumb vector GLV is called axes, intersection projection of intersection of axes.
  • point of axes In the projection of intersection of axes, the projected rotation axes R1 and R2 intersect each other in the intersection point of axes AK, which corresponds to the joint plumb L that is reduced in the projection to a point.
  • intersection angle The intersection angle of axes ⁇ is the angle, the absolute value of which of axes is smaller, and which is embraced by the two rotation axes R1 and R2. It becomes visible in the projection of intersection of axes.
  • the intersection angle of axes ⁇ carries a sign.
  • the sign is defined in the projection of intersection of axes as follows without limiting the generality: For outer toothings, the intersection angle of axes ⁇ is positive, if the projected rotation axis R1 is rotated about the intersection point of axes AK mathematically positive by
  • distance between The distance between axes (axes distance) A corresponds to the length of axes the joint plumb vector GLV. It describes the smallest distance between the rotation axes R1 and R2.
  • the rolling circles of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and the skiving tool 100 contact each other in the calculation point AP, which is therefore also called contact point BP.
  • the rolling circle W2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70 (also called work piece rolling circle) lies in a plane that is perpendicular to the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70.
  • the center of the rolling circle W2 lies on the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70.
  • the diameter of the rolling circle W2 of the work piece is d w2 .
  • the rolling circle W1 of the skiving tool 100 (also called tool rolling circle) lies in a plane that is perpendicular to the rotation axis R1 of the skiving tool.
  • the center of the rolling circle W1 lies on the rotation axis R1 of the skiving tool 100.
  • the diameter of the rolling circle W1 of the tool is d w1 .
  • the diameter d w1 of the rolling circle of the work piece 50, 60, 70 carries a sign. For outer toothings it is positive, for inner toothings it is negative.
  • reference planes The reference plane of the work piece is the plane, in which the rolling circle W2 of the work piece lies.
  • the reference plane of the tool is the plane, in which the rolling circle W1 of the tool lies. chip half space, The reference plane of the tool divides the three dimensional space into halves.
  • the chip half space shall be the half, into which the perpendicular to the cutting face, which points outwardly of the cutting edge material of the skiving tool 100, points into.
  • the other half shall be called cutter half space.
  • the cutting edges of the skiving tool 100 thus extend essentially in the cutter half space, however they can also extend into the chip half space, wherein the cutting faces are turned toward the chip half space.
  • velocity vectors In the calculation point AP the velocity vector ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 of the corresponding point of the work piece can be indicated, which vector results from the rotation of the work piece about R2. It lies in the reference plane of the work piece, tangentially to the rolling circle W2 of the work piece.
  • the velocity vector ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 of the related point of the tool can be indicated, which vector results from the rotation of the tool about R1. It lies in the reference plane of the tool, tangentially to the rolling circle W1 of the tool.
  • the related orthogonal projection LF2 of the plumb corresponds to the intersection point between the reference plane of the work piece and the rotation axis R2 of the work piece (see e.g., FIG. 14B).
  • the contact radius vector ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70 is, for inner toothings, the vector from the orthogonal projection of the plumb LF2 to the calculation point AP, and for outer toothings the vector from the calculation point AP to the orthogonal projection of the plumb LF2. Its length is
  • the related orthogonal projection of the plumb LF1 corresponds to the intersection point between the reference plane of the tool and the rotation axis R1 of the tool (see e.g., FIG. 14B).
  • the vector from the orthogonal projection of the plumb LF1 to the calculation point AP is called contact radius vector ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 1 of the tool 100. Its length is d w1 /2.
  • contact plane BE The two velocity vectors ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 and ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 span the so-called contact plane BE (see e.g., FIG. 12).
  • the rolling circles W2 and W1 of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and the skiving tool 100 contact each other in this contact plane BE, and namely in the calculation point AP.
  • the theoretical pitch surface of the toothing of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and the rolling circle W1 of the skiving tool 100 contact each other in this contact plane BE according to the design. More exactly, the contact plane BE is tangentially to the mentioned pitch surface of the toothing of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and namely in the calculation point AP.
  • pitch surface The pitch surface of a toothing is also called reference pitch surface.
  • the pitch circle (rolling circle) W2 is part of the pitch surface of the toothing of the work piece 50, 60, 70.
  • the pitch surface is a cylinder, for conical toothings a cone, for planar toothings a plane and for general spatial toothings as, e.g., for hypoid wheels a hyperboloid.
  • the contact plane normal ⁇ right arrow over (n) ⁇ shall be the normal vector of the contact plane BE which is anchored normal in the calculation point AP and which points into the toothing of the work piece 50, 60, 70, i.e., from the head section to the base section of the toothing.
  • the contact plane normal ⁇ right arrow over (n) ⁇ thus points toward the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70, while it points away therefrom for inner toothings.
  • the contact plane normal points in the same direction as the contact radius vector ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70, i.e., ⁇ right arrow over (n) ⁇ und ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 2 differ from each other only by their length (thus in FIG. 14B the contact radius vector ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 2 of the work piece 50 and the contact plane normal ⁇ right arrow over (n) ⁇ are shown).
  • projection of The view of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and the skiving tool 100 in the direction of the contact plane contact radius vector ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70 is called projection of contact plane.
  • the projected rotation axes R1 and R2 intersect in the projection of contact plane in the calculation point AP with respect to the contact point BP.
  • the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff carries a sign as the intersection angle of axes ⁇ .
  • the sign is defined as follows without restriction of the generality: For outer toothings, the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff is positive, if the velocity vectors ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 and ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 and the contact plane normal ⁇ right arrow over (n) ⁇ in this succession form a right-handed trihedron. For inner toothings, it is positive, if the velocity vectors ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 and ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 and the contact plane normal ⁇ right arrow over (n) ⁇ in this succession form a left-handed trihedron.
  • the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff corresponds to the perpendicular projection of the intersection angle of axes ⁇ onto the contact plane BE, i.e., the intersection angle of axes ⁇ in the projection of contact plane.
  • tilt angle The tilt angle ⁇ describes the tilt (inclination) of the tool reference plane and thus the skiving tool 100 with respect to the contact plane BE.
  • the tilt angle ⁇ is 0°, if the tool reference plane is perpendicular to the contact plane BE and thus the rotation axis R1 of the tool runs parallel to the contact plane BE.
  • the tilt angle ⁇ carries a sign.
  • the tilt angle ⁇ is positive, if the rotation axis R1 of the skiving tool 100 intersects the contact plane BE in the chip half space.
  • the tilt angle ⁇ is negative, if the rotation axis R1 of the skiving tool 100 intersects the contact plane BE in the cutter half space.
  • side projection of The vector of the side projection of intersection of axes shall be intersection of axes the velocity vector, which is perpendicular to the joint plumb GL and to the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 50, 60, 70, and which embraces an acute angle with the velocity vector ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 of the contacting point of the work piece. Then, the view of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and of the skiving tool 100 in the direction of this vector of the side projection of intersection of axes is called side projection of intersection of axes. In the side projection of intersection of axes, the projected rotation axes R1 and R2 run parallel to each other.
  • back side projection of The view of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and the skiving tool 100 intersection of axes along the joint plumb GL in the reverse direction of the joint plumb vector GLV is called back side projection of intersection if axes.
  • side projection of contact The view of the work piece 50, 60, 70 and of the skiving tool 100 plane in the direction of the velocity vector ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 of the contacting point of the work piece is called side projection of contact plane.
  • the offset of the cutting face is defined in Table 4 below.
  • the offset of the cutting face (cutting face offset) e corresponds to the (only applicable for distance of the orthogonal projection (dropped perpendicular foot) LF1 work pieces 50, 60, and GLF1 along the rotation axis R1 of the skiving tool 100. It carries a 70 having cylindrical sign. For inner toothings, the cutting face offset e has the same sign as toothings) the tilt angle ⁇ . For outer toothings, the cutting face offset e has the opposite sign of the tilt angle ⁇ .
  • the intersection angle of axes ⁇ is decomposed into the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff and the tilt angle ⁇ , wherein the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff is the determining quantity for the generation of the relative cutting movement between the rotating skiving tool 100 and the rotating work piece 50 , 60 , 70 .
  • the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff and the tilt angle ⁇ are well defined, however, the relationship [1] does not hold.
  • FIG. 11 shows the contact plane BE for an outer toothing.
  • the diameter of the rolling circle d w1 of the skiving tool 100 is ideally defined such that the resulting cutting speed vector ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ c points in the direction of the gap to be generated.
  • it shall embrace the cant angle ⁇ 2 of the work piece 50 , 70 with the projected rotation axis R2. This condition is satisfied, if the diameter of the rolling circle d w1 obeys the following formula:
  • n 1 and n 2 refer to the rotational frequency of the skiving tool 100 with respect to the work piece 50 , 70 , which must obey the ratio of the number of teeth according to
  • n 2 n 1 - z 1 z 2 .
  • z 1 and z 2 refer to the number of teeth of the skiving tool 100 with respect to the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 .
  • the absolute value of the tilt angle ⁇ is always greater than 15 degrees, i.e., the tilt of the tool reference plane and thus of the skiving tool 100 with respect to the contact plane (which is spanned by the two velocity vectors ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 2 and ⁇ right arrow over (v) ⁇ 1 ) is significantly negative or significantly positive. Therefore, in relation with the present invention, either a significant tilt of the skiving tool 100 toward or a significant tilt away from the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 is concerned.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of a conical skiving tool 100 with respect to the so-called contact plane BE. This representation of the tilt towards the contact plane BE according to FIG. 12 is particularly illustrative.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of a conical skiving tool 100 with respect to the so-called contact plane BE.
  • the representation of the tilt away from the contact plane BE according to FIG. 13 is particularly illustrative.
  • the position (orientation) of the tilt angle ⁇ can be illustrated well on the basis of the FIGS. 12 and 13 .
  • the calculation point AP with respect to the contact point BP, for a negative tilt angle ⁇ , does not lie on the joint plumb GL as can be seen e.g., in FIG. 14B .
  • the joint plumb GL lies in the cutter half space, and for inner toothings in the chip half space.
  • the contact plane BE is perpendicular to the work piece reference plane, but not to the tool reference plane.
  • the rotation axis R2 of the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 is parallel to the contact plane BE. However, the rotation axis R1 of the skiving tool 100 intersects the contact plane BE in the cutter half space.
  • the contact radius vectors ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 1 and ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 2 embrace the tilt angle ⁇ , as can be seen, e.g., in FIG. 14B .
  • the tilt angle ⁇ is the very angle, which is embraced by the contact radius vector ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 1 of the skiving tool 100 and the contact plane normal ⁇ right arrow over (n) ⁇ . It is noted that the relationships which have been described in this paragraph hold only for the tilt of the tool 100 towards the work piece.
  • the effective intersection angle of axes ⁇ eff is in the following range: ⁇ 60° ⁇ eff ⁇ 60°.
  • the cutting face offset e is negative for cylindrical inner toothings and positive for cylindrical outer toothings.
  • the sign of the cutting face offset e is opposite.
  • the end relief angles must be provided constructionally at the skiving tool 100 when tilting towards the work piece.
  • the rake angle loss caused by the tilting of the tool cutting edges toward the cylindrical construction part i.e., towards the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 ) must be compensated in addition.
  • constructional rake angles must not necessarily be provided.
  • the side projection of contact plane in FIG. 14E shows the head rake angle ⁇ KiKo achieved kinematically-constructionally as a sum of the kinematically generated negative rake angle ⁇ Ki and the constructional tool rake angle ⁇ Ko for a skiving tool 100 tilted towards the work piece.
  • a so-called modified skiving method for skiving a work piece 50 , 60 , 70 is concerned, wherein a rotational-symmetric periodic structure, e.g., an outer or inner toothing, is to be fabricated on the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 with application of a skiving tool 100 .
  • a rotational-symmetric periodic structure e.g., an outer or inner toothing
  • the modified skiving method is characterized in particular in that the skiving tool 100 has a collision contour, which tapers to the rear such that collisions with the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 during the skiving are avoided.
  • This prerequisite holds for the significant tilt towards the work piece 50 , 70 , i.e., it holds for negative tilt angles ⁇ having a large absolute value.
  • the skiving tool 100 In the significant tilt away from the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 , i.e., for large positive tilt angles ⁇ , the skiving tool 100 preferably has a collision contour that proceeds reversely to the collision contour of a skiving tool 100 that is strongly tilted towards the work piece, as can be seen in FIG. 19 on the basis of a schematic example.
  • the cone angle has been chosen such that the lateral surface of the base body 110 runs approximately parallel to the lateral cylinder surface of the work piece 50 .
  • FIG. 20 shows a further skiving tool 100 , which can be employed in relation with the invention.
  • the skiving tool 100 shown has the form of a generating cutter.
  • a massive tool is concerned here, in which the cutting teeth 111 are part of the skiving tool 100 .
  • the skiving tool 100 has 24 cutting teeth 111 , one of which is provided with a reference numeral in FIG. 20 .
  • the base body of the skiving tool 100 has the shape of a truncated cone disc or a truncated cone shaped plate.
  • FIG. 21A shows a further skiving tool 100 , which can be used in relation with the invention.
  • the cutting faces of the cutting teeth 111 are arranged on a cone surface (eventually tilted).
  • FIG. 21B shows the skiving tool 100 of FIG. 21A in engagement with a cylindrical work piece 50 .
  • the skiving tool 100 is inclined away with a significant tilt angle 8 from the work piece 50 .
  • the tilt angle ⁇ amounts to approximately 20 degrees here.
  • the skiving tool 100 shown in the FIGS. 21A and 21B has the shape of a spur-toothed cone wheel, wherein the teeth of this cone wheel represent the cutting teeth 111 .
  • the cutting faces are arranged on the front side with the smaller diameter. Stated more precisely, the cutting faces are arranged at the supplemental cone, i.e., on a cone surface (if appropriate, inclined with respect to the later).
  • the cant angle of the represented skiving tool 100 is 0 degrees.
  • a corresponding skiving tool 100 has the base shape of a helically toothed cone wheel.
  • FIG. 22A shows a further skiving tool 100 , which can be used in relation with the invention.
  • the cutting faces of the cutting teeth 100 are arranged on a cone surface (if appropriate, inclined).
  • FIG. 22B shows the skiving tool 100 of FIG. 22A in engagement with a cylindrical work piece 50 .
  • the skiving tool 100 is tilted toward the work piece 50 with a significant tilt angle ⁇ .
  • the tilt angle ⁇ amounts to approximately ⁇ 18 degrees here.
  • the skiving tool 100 shown in the FIGS. 22A and 22B has the shape of a spur-toothed cone wheel, whereby the teeth of this cone wheel represent the cutting teeth 111 .
  • the cutting faces are arranged on the front side with the larger diameter. Stated more precisely, the cutting faces are arranged on the supplemental cone, i.e., on a cone surface (if appropriate, inclined with respect to the later).
  • the cant angle of the represented tool 100 amounts to zero degrees.
  • a corresponding skiving tool has the base shape of a helically toothed cone wheel.
  • the skiving tool 100 has a cone shaped, respectively conical or hyperbolical collision contour, respectively.
  • FIG. 14A shows a schematic view of a suitable skiving tool 100 having a collision contour that tapers to the rear side (here: conically) during the modified skiving of an outer-toothed cylindrical work piece 50 .
  • FIG. 14A shows a top view of the cylindrical work piece 50 .
  • the front face 51 of the work piece 50 is in the plane of the drawing.
  • the skiving tool 100 is supported by a tool spindle 170 , which is represented schematically in the Figures.
  • FIG. 14B shows a further view of the embodiment of FIG. 14A .
  • the joint plumb GL and the contact point BP of the rolling circles W1, W2 of the skiving tool 100 and of the work piece 50 can be recognized.
  • the contact point BP lies at the contact point of the rolling circle W1 of the skiving tool 100 having the radius vector ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 1 and the rolling circle W2 of the work piece 50 having the radius vector ⁇ right arrow over (r) ⁇ 2 .
  • FIG. 14C shows a projection of intersection of axes of the embodiment of FIG. 14A .
  • the intersection angle of axes ⁇ can be recognized in FIG. 14C .
  • the joint plumb GL is perpendicular to the plane of drawing of FIG. 14C and is thus reduced to the intersection point of axes AK.
  • FIG. 14D shows a side projection of intersection of axes of the embodiment of FIG. 14A .
  • the projections of the two axes R1, R2 are parallel in the plane of the drawing.
  • the joint plumb GL is also in the plane of the drawing.
  • FIG. 14E shows a side projection of contact plane of the embodiment of FIG. 14A .
  • the representation of FIG. 14E concerns a view, which shows the contact point BP of the rolling circles W1, W2 and the significant tilt of the tool towards the work piece.
  • the absolute value of the tilt angle ⁇ is in a range between 15 and 45 degrees in all embodiments.
  • An angle range between 20 and 35 degrees for the absolute value is particularly preferred.
  • the tapering collision contour of the skiving tool 100 is realized by a conical base body in the FIGS. 14A-14E .
  • the base body of the skiving tool 100 may, however, have another tapering-narrowing shape so as to avoid collisions.
  • the collision contour tapers to the rear, and for a positive tilt angle ⁇ the collision contour tapers to the front, wherein this tapering collision contour for a positive tilt angle ⁇ is optional.
  • the collision contour tapering to the rear is necessary mandatorily.
  • the cone angle of the conical base body of the skiving tool 100 amounts to exemplifying 30 degrees here.
  • the cone angle may also take other values as long as a positive effective head rake angle in the region of the cutting edges of the skiving tool 100 is ensured by taking into account the tilt angle ⁇ and other prerequisites.
  • the work piece 70 is the same as for the collision considerations in the introductory part of the description.
  • the corresponding inner ring 71 is represented in the top view of FIG. 15A as a circle only.
  • FIG. 15B shows a schematic back side view of the contact plane of the work piece 70 together with the skiving tool 100 .
  • FIG. 16A shows a schematic view of a suitable skiving tool 100 having a collision contour that tapers to the rear (here: conically) in the modified skiving of an outer-toothed cylindrical work piece 60 .
  • the work piece 60 corresponds to the work piece 20 shown in the FIGS. 9A and 9B .
  • the work piece 60 comprises a first cylindrical section 61 and a second cylindrical section 62 , wherein an outer toothing is to be machined at the first cylindrical section 61 by means of skiving with application of a conical skiving tool 100 .
  • FIG. 16B shows a further schematic view of the conical skiving tool 100 and the work piece 60 of FIG. 16A .
  • the skiving tool 100 has a lateral shape of base shape having a collision contour that tapers to the rear.
  • the lateral shape or base shape can be composed, e.g., of a cylindrical part and a truncated cone-shaped part.
  • at least the section 101 of the type like a skiving wheel of the skiving tool 100 has a tapering collision contour, as shown, e.g., in the FIGS. 12 , 13 , 14 A to 14 E, 16 A, 16 B, 18 A, 18 B, 20 , 22 A and 22 B.
  • FIG. 17 shows a preferred embodiment of a skiving tool 100 that can be used for the significant tilting away of about 16 degrees.
  • the skiving tool 100 is designed especially for the manufacturing of a rotational-symmetric periodic structure on a work piece 50 , 70 (e.g., in a configuration as shown in FIG. 2 ) with an application of the modified skiving method.
  • the skiving tool 100 comprises a cylinder-shaped and/or cone-shaped base body 110 having a central rotation axis R1.
  • the base body 110 has a plurality of reception openings 112 .
  • FIG. 17 shows a configuration, in which all of the reception openings 112 are equipped with bar cutters 120 . In the example shown, the skiving tool 100 is equipped with 23 bar cutters.
  • the reception openings 112 extend obliquely into the interior of the base body 110 , starting from the insert opening on the front face 113 directed toward the work piece. From the front face 113 of the base body 110 directed toward the work piece it is e.g., possible to screw a screw 116 through a corresponding central bore 115 of the base body 110 into an inner threat of the tool spindle 170 for fixing the skiving tool 100 on the tool spindle 170 .
  • the skiving tool 100 is characterized in that one or two through borings 117 are conceived in the lateral surface of the base body 110 . These through borings 117 are designed for fixing the bar cutters 120 in the base body 110 .
  • the skiving tool 100 can comprise an adapter 130 in addition to the base body 110 , as indicated in FIG. 17 .
  • FIG. 18A shows a schematized view of a skiving tool 100 tapering conically, which can be employed in relation with the invention for a tilt angle ⁇ of ⁇ 20 degrees.
  • the skiving tool 100 concerns a so-called cutter head tool, which has a cutter head base body 110 (here comprising a truncated cone-shaped (conical) portion 160 ), which is equipped with cutter inserts, preferably in the form of bar cutters 120 .
  • the skiving tool 100 is fixed movement-specifically to a machine 200 .
  • the cone angle ⁇ has been chosen in FIGS. 18A and 18B such that the lateral face of the base body 110 respectively the truncated cone-shaped (conical) portion 160 extends approximately parallel to the cylindrical lateral face of the work piece 50 .
  • FIG. 18B shows a schematized view of the skiving tool 100 of FIG. 18A together with a cylindrical work piece 50 , whereby a tilt angle ⁇ of ⁇ 20 degrees is predetermined.
  • the skiving tool 100 may have any other shape, as shown by way of indication, e.g., in FIG. 20 .
  • FIG. 20 shows a skiving tool that has the shape of a generating cutter.
  • a massive tool is concerned, in which the cutting teeth 110 are part of the skiving tool 100 .
  • the skiving tool comprises 24 cutting teeth 111 , one of which is provided with a reference numeral in FIG. 20 .
  • the base body of the skiving tool 100 has the shape of a truncated cone disc or a truncated cone-shaped plate.
  • a machine 200 which is designed for the skiving according to the invention, comprises a CNC control 201 , which enables a coupling of the axes R1 and R2, respectively a coordination of the movements of the axes.
  • the CNC control 201 may be a part of the machine 200 , or it may be implemented externally and suitable for a communication-specific connection 202 with the machine 200 .
  • the corresponding machine 200 comprises a so-called “electronic gear train”, respectively “electronic or control-specific coupling of axes” in order to perform a relative movement of the skiving tool 100 with respect to the inner-toothed skived work piece 70 .
  • the coupledly moving of the skiving tool 100 and the work piece 70 is performed such that during the machining phase, a relative movement between the skiving tool 100 and the work piece 70 results, which corresponds to a relative movement of a helical gear.
  • the electronic gear train respectively the electronic or control-specific coupling of axes enables a synchronization in terms of the rotational frequency of at least two axes of the machine 200 .
  • at least the rotation axis R1 of the tool spindle 170 is coupled with the rotation axis R2 of the work piece spindle 180 .
  • the rotation axis R2 of the work piece spindle is coupled with the axial feed 203 in the direction R1.
  • the movement of the axial feed 203 is represented in FIG. 23 by a double arrow 204 .
  • the work piece spindle can be shifted linearly by means of a cartridge 205 parallel to the rotation axis R2, as represented by a double arrow 206 .
  • the cartridge 205 together with the work piece spindle 180 and the work piece 70 can be rotated about a pivot axis SA, as indicated by a double arrow 207 .
  • a machine 200 comes to application, which is based on a vertical arrangement, as shown in FIG. 23 .
  • a vertical arrangement either the skiving tool 100 together with the tool spindle sits above the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 together with the work piece spindle 180 , or vice versa.
  • a machine 200 which is designed for the modified skiving according to the invention, cares for the correct complex geometrical and kinematical machine settings and axes movements of the axes mentioned above.
  • the machine has six axles. Five of these axles were already described.
  • an axle may be conceived, which enables a linear relative movement of the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 with respect to the skiving tool 100 . This linear relative movement is indicated in FIG. 23 by the double arrow 208 .
  • the modified skiving method can be applied dry or wet in all embodiments, wherein the dry skiving is preferred.
  • the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 may be pre-toothed or untoothed.
  • the skiving tool 100 works into the massive material.
  • the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 may be post-machined, preferably through application of a planishing method.
  • the modified skiving described and claimed herein offers a high productivity and flexibility.
  • the application spectrum of the modified skiving is large and extends to the manufacturing of rotational-symmetric periodic structures.
  • the modified skiving described herein enables high rates of material removal. At the same time, it enables to achieve favorable surface structures on tooth flanks and other machined surfaces.
  • material is progressively removed from the work piece 50 , 60 , 70 until the teeth, respectively the tooth gaps or other periodic structures are formed completely.
  • the modified skiving concerns a high performance method that has significant potentials in the machining time. In addition to the low cycle times, the tool costs are relatively low. All these aspects contribute to the particular cost effectiveness of the modified skiving.
US14/116,122 2011-05-06 2012-05-03 Method for hob peeling and corresponding device having a hob peeling tool Abandoned US20150158100A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202011050054U DE202011050054U1 (de) 2011-05-06 2011-05-06 Wälzschälwerkzeug mit Messerstäben
DE202011050054.3 2011-05-06
EP11167703.5A EP2520391B1 (de) 2011-05-06 2011-05-26 Verfahren zum Wälzschälen
EP11167703.5 2011-05-26
PCT/EP2012/058150 WO2012152660A1 (de) 2011-05-06 2012-05-03 Verfahren zum wälzschälen und entsprechende vorrichtung mit wälzschälwerkzeug

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20150158100A1 true US20150158100A1 (en) 2015-06-11

Family

ID=44803275

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/116,122 Abandoned US20150158100A1 (en) 2011-05-06 2012-05-03 Method for hob peeling and corresponding device having a hob peeling tool
US14/116,082 Active 2033-07-15 US9527148B2 (en) 2011-05-06 2012-05-03 Method for skiving and according apparatus comprising a skiving tool
US13/464,628 Expired - Fee Related US8950301B2 (en) 2011-05-06 2012-05-04 Skiving tool comprising cutter bars

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/116,082 Active 2033-07-15 US9527148B2 (en) 2011-05-06 2012-05-03 Method for skiving and according apparatus comprising a skiving tool
US13/464,628 Expired - Fee Related US8950301B2 (en) 2011-05-06 2012-05-04 Skiving tool comprising cutter bars

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (3) US20150158100A1 (ja)
EP (2) EP2520391B1 (ja)
JP (3) JP6022549B2 (ja)
CN (3) CN103501946B (ja)
BR (1) BR102012010684B1 (ja)
DE (1) DE202011050054U1 (ja)
RU (1) RU2012118251A (ja)
WO (2) WO2012152659A1 (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10261500B2 (en) 2015-01-21 2019-04-16 Fanuc Corporation Numerical controller controlling machining tool based on skiving instruction
US11786985B2 (en) 2019-01-18 2023-10-17 Jtekt Corporation Gear machining apparatus and gear machining method

Families Citing this family (59)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6006302B2 (ja) 2011-05-26 2016-10-12 クリンゲルンベルク・アクチェンゲゼルシャフトＫｌｉｎｇｅｌｎｂｅｒｇ ＡＧ 外歯用スカイビング加工方法およびスカイビングツールを有する装置
EP2527072B8 (de) 2011-05-26 2018-05-23 Klingelnberg AG Verfahren zum Wälzschälen von Aussenverzahnungen und Vorrichtung mit entsprechendem Wälzschälwerkzeug
EP2570217B1 (de) 2011-09-15 2014-11-05 Klingelnberg AG Semi-Completing Wälzschälverfahren und Vorrichtung mit entsprechendem Wälzschälwerkzeug zum Ausführen eines Semi-Completing Wälzschälverfahrens
EP2596893A1 (de) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-29 Klingelnberg AG Semi-Completing-Wälzschälverfahren mit zwei Achskreuzwinkeln und Verwendung eines entsprechenden Wälzschälwerkzeugs zum Semi-Completing-Wälzschälen
EP2639001B1 (de) 2012-03-14 2017-06-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur spanenden Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks
DE102012011956B3 (de) * 2012-06-17 2013-12-12 Herbert Schriefer Werkzeug für das Wälzschälen von Verzahnungen sowieeine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Generieren und Schärfen der Schneidengeometrie des Werkzeugs
DE102012022439A1 (de) 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Marcel Sobczyk Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Freiflächenkontur eines Wälzschälwerkzeuges, Wälzschälwerkzeug und dessen Verwendung
JP6212876B2 (ja) 2013-02-15 2017-10-18 アイシン精機株式会社 歯車加工方法及び歯車加工用カッター
JP2014161972A (ja) * 2013-02-26 2014-09-08 Kashifuji:Kk スカイビングカッター及び内歯車の創成方法
EP2792442B1 (de) * 2013-04-17 2018-08-22 Klingelnberg AG Wälzschälwerkzeug zum Wälzschälen einer Verzahnung an einem Kronenradwerkstück
KR102064893B1 (ko) 2013-04-22 2020-01-10 더 글리슨 웍스 원통형 기어의 스카이빙
DE202013012505U1 (de) * 2013-07-31 2017-01-30 Gleason-Pfauter Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Steuerprogramm für ein Bearbeiten von Zahnkanten und damit ausgestattete Bearbeitungsstation
SE1350983A1 (sv) * 2013-08-27 2015-02-28 Sandvik Intellectual Property Verktyg och skär för skalfräsning
CN105531059B (zh) * 2013-09-11 2019-06-11 普罗费雷特两合公司 滚切法和附属的设备
DE102013110130B4 (de) 2013-09-13 2015-10-01 Präwema Antriebstechnik GmbH Werkzeug, Verfahren und Maschine zum Erzeugen eines Verzahnungsprofils an einem Werkstück durch Wälzschälen
JP6275588B2 (ja) * 2013-12-25 2018-02-07 住友重機械工業株式会社 遊星歯車装置およびその内歯歯車の製造方法
EP2954967B1 (de) 2014-06-11 2019-08-07 Klingelnberg AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum stirnseitigen Anfasen einer Verzahnung eines Werkstücks
DE102014218082B4 (de) 2014-09-10 2016-11-10 Felsomat Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Wälzschälbearbeitung eines Werkstücks zur Fertigung einer Fase und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren
JP6458442B2 (ja) * 2014-10-20 2019-01-30 株式会社ジェイテクト 歯車加工装置
JP6871675B2 (ja) * 2014-11-07 2021-05-12 株式会社ジェイテクト 歯車加工装置及び歯車加工方法
DE102015106354A1 (de) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-16 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Wälzschälverfahren und Schneidwerkzeug zur Erzeugung zumindest teilverrundeter Zahnköpfe
CN104493305B (zh) * 2014-12-30 2016-08-24 西安交通大学 一种基于齿轮加工机床调整的车齿加工方法
DE102015000974A1 (de) 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verzahnbearbeitung eines Werkstückes durch ein Diagonalwälzverfahren
DE102015000975A1 (de) 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkstückes mit korrigierter Verzahnungsgeometrie und/oder modifizierter Oberflächenstruktur
DE102015000908A1 (de) 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verzahnbearbeitung eines Werkstückes durch ein Diagonalwälzverfahren
DE102015000907A1 (de) 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Verzahnbearbeitung eines Werkstückes durch ein Diagonalwälzverfahren
DE102015104500A1 (de) * 2015-03-25 2016-09-29 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verzahnen von Werkrädern durch Wälzschälen
CN105149893A (zh) * 2015-09-22 2015-12-16 兴城市粉末冶金有限公司 倒锥滚轧机刀具加工方法
US10730123B2 (en) * 2015-09-23 2020-08-04 The Gleason Works Three-face blade compatibility
JP6622044B2 (ja) * 2015-09-28 2019-12-18 三菱重工工作機械株式会社 歯車加工機械及び方法
DE102015121523A1 (de) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-14 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schrupp- und Feinbearbeiten von Zahnrädern
JP6717678B2 (ja) * 2016-06-14 2020-07-01 豊精密工業株式会社 主軸装置
US10744581B2 (en) * 2016-08-22 2020-08-18 The Gleason Works Power skiving pressure angle correction without tool geometry change
JP7024303B2 (ja) * 2016-10-13 2022-02-24 株式会社ジェイテクト 歯車加工装置及び歯車加工方法
CH713065B1 (de) 2016-10-21 2020-11-30 Reishauer Ag Werkzeug zum Wälzschälen vorverzahnter Werkstücke.
DE102017000260A1 (de) * 2017-01-12 2018-07-12 Gleason-Pfauter Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Verfahren zur hartfeinbearbeitung von verzahnungen, insbesondere innenverzahnungen und dazu geeignete werkzeugmaschine
EP3354389A1 (en) * 2017-01-30 2018-08-01 Sandvik Intellectual Property AB Method for machining ball tracks of constant velocity joints
DE102017103115A1 (de) 2017-02-16 2018-08-16 Klingelnberg Ag Verfahren zum Auslegen und Bearbeiten eines Zahnrads sowie entsprechende Bearbeitungsmaschine und Software
JP7312951B2 (ja) * 2017-03-15 2023-07-24 株式会社不二越 スカイビングカッタ
JP2018153914A (ja) * 2017-03-15 2018-10-04 株式会社不二越 スカイビングカッタ
DE102017120788A1 (de) * 2017-09-08 2019-03-14 Liebherr-Verzahntechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wälzschälen
DE102017131124B4 (de) 2017-12-22 2022-09-29 AUCH Präzisionsdrehteile GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Düsenspannmutter und eine solche Düsenspannmutter
DE102018112865B3 (de) * 2018-05-29 2019-10-17 Hartmetall-Werkzeugfabrik Paul Horn Gmbh Wälzschälwerkzeug
CN110856879A (zh) * 2018-08-22 2020-03-03 上海汽车变速器有限公司 双联齿精确对齿加工系统及方法
WO2020132228A1 (en) 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 The Gleason Works Independent pressure angle corrections for power skiving
HRP20220858T1 (hr) * 2019-03-14 2022-10-14 Haertel Meiko Prstenasti alat namijenjen obradi izratka
DE102019110481A1 (de) * 2019-04-23 2020-10-29 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von verzahnten Werkstücken, insbesondere Schiebemuffen
JP7413666B2 (ja) * 2019-07-04 2024-01-16 株式会社ジェイテクト 歯車加工方法
CN112241149B (zh) * 2019-07-16 2022-03-11 上海铼钠克数控科技有限公司 用于数控加工异形车花的加工控制方法
DE102019126669A1 (de) 2019-10-02 2021-04-08 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Glätten der Zahnflanken der Zähne verzahnter Werkstücke
DE102019126870A1 (de) * 2019-10-07 2021-04-08 Präwema Antriebstechnik GmbH Schälrad und verfahren zum herstellen einer verzahnung an einem zahnrad durch wälzschälen
DE102019135435A1 (de) 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Hartmetall-Werkzeugfabrik Paul Horn Gmbh Werkzeug und Verfahren zur spanenden Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks
DE102020103483A1 (de) 2020-02-11 2021-08-12 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Wälzschälen sowie dabei verwendbares Werkzeug
DE102020111838A1 (de) 2020-04-30 2021-11-04 Präwema Antriebstechnik GmbH Verfahren zum Bearbeiten des Kopfkreisdurchmessers und Werkzeug zum Erzeugen eines Zahnrads
CN111805008A (zh) * 2020-06-19 2020-10-23 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 一种数控螺旋锥齿轮铣齿机
EP3945381A1 (de) * 2020-07-31 2022-02-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Herstellung durch kegelsegmente bestimmbarer flächen mittels einer werkzeugmaschine
DE102021121245A1 (de) 2021-08-16 2023-02-16 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verzahnungsmaschine, insbesondere Wälzschälmaschine mit Werkzeugwechselsystem
DE102022104454A1 (de) 2022-02-24 2023-08-24 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Hinterlegungen und Zahnrädern
KR102651470B1 (ko) * 2023-10-24 2024-03-26 챔프다이아(주) 스카이빙 가공용 커터

Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1811568A (en) * 1927-11-21 1931-06-23 Oliver G Simmons Method of generating gears
US2598327A (en) * 1946-06-19 1952-05-27 Gleason Works Method and machine for cutting gears
DE1242980B (de) * 1964-04-29 1967-06-22 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Zahnraederfraesmaschine mit in einer Projektion sich kreuzenden Achsen von Werkstueck und Werkzeug
US3399599A (en) * 1965-10-01 1968-09-03 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Gear hobbing machine
US3570367A (en) * 1967-04-08 1971-03-16 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Gear-hobbing machine
DE4122460C1 (ja) * 1991-07-06 1992-04-23 Praewema Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Gmbh, 3440 Eschwege, De
US5174699A (en) * 1989-05-17 1992-12-29 Hermann Pfauter Gmbh & Co. Method for finishing gears via skiving
US6394718B1 (en) * 1999-11-04 2002-05-28 Daimlerchrysler Ag Generation of periodic structures on rotationally symmetrical components
US20040105731A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-03 Klingelnberg Gmbh Machine and method with 7 axes for CNC-controlled machining, particularly generating cutting or grinding; of spiral bevel gears
US6757949B2 (en) * 2002-03-27 2004-07-06 New Venture Gear, Inc. Combination gear hobber, chamfer/debur and shaver apparatus and method
US20050266774A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-01 The Gleason Works Variable rate method of machining gears
US20070060022A1 (en) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-15 Reishauer Ag Gear manufacturing machine and process for the operation of such a gear manufacturing machine
DE102007015357A1 (de) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-02 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verzahnen von Werkstücken durch Wälzschälen und zugehöriger Schneidvorrichtung
US20100202847A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2010-08-12 Rudolf Moser Tool for machining a work piece and method for machining a work piece
US20110268523A1 (en) * 2008-11-03 2011-11-03 Wolfgang Heinemann Hob peeling device and method
US20120099939A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2012-04-26 The Gleason Works Method and tool for manufacturing face gears
US20120328384A1 (en) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-27 Hartmut Marx Robust Method for Skiving and Corresponding Apparatus Comprising a Skiving Tool
US8596939B2 (en) * 2009-01-12 2013-12-03 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus and method for cutting teeth in workpieces and associated tool set
US20140234043A1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-21 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Method for processing gear and cutter for processing gear

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE243514C (de) 1910-03-01 1912-02-16 George Adams Verfahren zum schneiden van zahnrädern mittels eines zahnradartigen, an den stirnflächen der zähne mit schneidkanten versehenen schneidwerkzeuges
US1634494A (en) * 1924-06-09 1927-07-05 Flinchbaugh Machine Company In Cutter head
DE1046445B (de) * 1953-01-24 1958-12-11 Karl Miller Werkzeug zur spanabhebenden Herstellung gezahnter zylindrischer Oberflaechen im Waelzverfahren
US2780146A (en) * 1954-01-18 1957-02-05 Illinois Tool Works Gear shaving
DE1295317B (de) * 1963-11-23 1969-05-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren zum periodischen Abtrennen von bei der Drehbearbeitung entstehenden Spaenen
US3264940A (en) 1964-06-05 1966-08-09 Wildhaber Ernest Rotary gear-shaped tool
US3354528A (en) * 1966-02-21 1967-11-28 Neway Sales Inc Valve seat cutter
US3509612A (en) * 1969-06-16 1970-05-05 Borite Mfg Corp Milling cutter and blade assembly
US4066001A (en) * 1974-11-12 1978-01-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Skiving cutter for use in cutting internal spur gear
US4060881A (en) * 1976-11-15 1977-12-06 The Gleason Works Cutter head assembly for gear cutting machines
JPH01159127A (ja) * 1987-12-14 1989-06-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Ｎｃスカイビング盤における非常戻し方法
DE4132487C2 (de) * 1991-09-30 1994-09-29 Werner Hermann Wera Werke Schlagmesser-Fräsmaschine und zugehöriger Werkzeugträger
DE4200418C1 (ja) * 1992-01-10 1992-12-24 Praewema Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Gmbh, 3440 Eschwege, De
DE4410743A1 (de) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-05 Werner Hermann Wera Werke Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Hinterlegungen an innenverzahnten Werkstücken
CN1126626C (zh) * 1999-05-05 2003-11-05 格里森工场 生产切削刃的方法
JP2003306157A (ja) * 2002-04-16 2003-10-28 Showa Corp 可変ギヤ比ラックの可変ギヤ部の加工方法
DE10258549B4 (de) 2002-11-11 2016-08-25 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entgraten von Zahnrädern
DE102005049528A1 (de) * 2005-10-17 2007-05-10 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen von Schiebemuffen
US7736099B2 (en) * 2005-12-16 2010-06-15 Cole Carbide Industries, Inc. Gear milling tool with replaceable cutting inserts
JP4659847B2 (ja) * 2008-02-29 2011-03-30 三菱電機株式会社 スクリューロータの加工方法及び加工装置並びにスクリュー圧縮機の製造方法
DE102009003601A1 (de) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-16 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Fertigen eines Kegelrades, insbesondere eines Kronenrades
DE102009018405A1 (de) * 2009-04-22 2010-10-28 The Gleason Works Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beseitigen eines Sekundärgrates an einem stirnverzahnten Werkstückrad
DE102009025945A1 (de) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Wälzschälen von innenverzahnten Zahnrädern sowie zugehöriges Schälrad
CN101733486B (zh) * 2010-01-18 2012-09-19 天津大学 圆柱齿轮剐齿加工方法

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1811568A (en) * 1927-11-21 1931-06-23 Oliver G Simmons Method of generating gears
US2598327A (en) * 1946-06-19 1952-05-27 Gleason Works Method and machine for cutting gears
DE1242980B (de) * 1964-04-29 1967-06-22 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Zahnraederfraesmaschine mit in einer Projektion sich kreuzenden Achsen von Werkstueck und Werkzeug
US3399599A (en) * 1965-10-01 1968-09-03 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Gear hobbing machine
US3570367A (en) * 1967-04-08 1971-03-16 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Gear-hobbing machine
US5174699A (en) * 1989-05-17 1992-12-29 Hermann Pfauter Gmbh & Co. Method for finishing gears via skiving
DE4122460C1 (ja) * 1991-07-06 1992-04-23 Praewema Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Gmbh, 3440 Eschwege, De
US6394718B1 (en) * 1999-11-04 2002-05-28 Daimlerchrysler Ag Generation of periodic structures on rotationally symmetrical components
US6757949B2 (en) * 2002-03-27 2004-07-06 New Venture Gear, Inc. Combination gear hobber, chamfer/debur and shaver apparatus and method
US20040105731A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-03 Klingelnberg Gmbh Machine and method with 7 axes for CNC-controlled machining, particularly generating cutting or grinding; of spiral bevel gears
US20050266774A1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-01 The Gleason Works Variable rate method of machining gears
US20070060022A1 (en) * 2005-09-12 2007-03-15 Reishauer Ag Gear manufacturing machine and process for the operation of such a gear manufacturing machine
DE102007015357A1 (de) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-02 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verzahnen von Werkstücken durch Wälzschälen und zugehöriger Schneidvorrichtung
US20100202847A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2010-08-12 Rudolf Moser Tool for machining a work piece and method for machining a work piece
US20110268523A1 (en) * 2008-11-03 2011-11-03 Wolfgang Heinemann Hob peeling device and method
US8596939B2 (en) * 2009-01-12 2013-12-03 Profilator Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus and method for cutting teeth in workpieces and associated tool set
US20120099939A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2012-04-26 The Gleason Works Method and tool for manufacturing face gears
US20120328384A1 (en) * 2011-06-21 2012-12-27 Hartmut Marx Robust Method for Skiving and Corresponding Apparatus Comprising a Skiving Tool
US20140234043A1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-21 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Method for processing gear and cutter for processing gear

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Drozda et al., TOOL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERS HANDBOOK, Vol. 1, ED. 4, Chapter 10, Pages 31-34 (1984) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10261500B2 (en) 2015-01-21 2019-04-16 Fanuc Corporation Numerical controller controlling machining tool based on skiving instruction
US11786985B2 (en) 2019-01-18 2023-10-17 Jtekt Corporation Gear machining apparatus and gear machining method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2012118251A (ru) 2013-11-10
US8950301B2 (en) 2015-02-10
US20120282055A1 (en) 2012-11-08
CN103501945B (zh) 2016-02-24
EP2520390B2 (de) 2022-04-20
BR102012010684A2 (pt) 2014-01-14
WO2012152659A1 (de) 2012-11-15
JP6022550B2 (ja) 2016-11-09
EP2520390A1 (de) 2012-11-07
EP2520390B1 (de) 2018-01-24
CN103501945A (zh) 2014-01-08
CN103501946A (zh) 2014-01-08
JP3181136U (ja) 2013-01-31
WO2012152660A1 (de) 2012-11-15
DE202011050054U1 (de) 2011-09-15
CN202804384U (zh) 2013-03-20
BR102012010684B1 (pt) 2021-02-17
EP2520391A1 (de) 2012-11-07
CN103501946B (zh) 2016-08-31
JP6022549B2 (ja) 2016-11-09
EP2520391B1 (de) 2018-01-24
JP2014516808A (ja) 2014-07-17
JP2014516807A (ja) 2014-07-17
US20140079498A1 (en) 2014-03-20
US9527148B2 (en) 2016-12-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20150158100A1 (en) Method for hob peeling and corresponding device having a hob peeling tool
US9199323B2 (en) Semi-completing skiving method and device having corresponding skiving tool for executing a semi-completing skiving method
RU2611584C2 (ru) Устройство для зуботочения
US20140105698A1 (en) Method for skiving of outer toothings and apparatus comprising an according skiving tool
JP6522433B2 (ja) ワークピースの歯車歯の歯面側部に面取り加工を施す方法及び装置
RU2593882C2 (ru) Зуборезная фреза, концевая фреза и способ фасонного фрезерования
US7364391B1 (en) Manufacturing straight bevel gears
US20120321404A1 (en) Method for Gear Pre-Cutting of a Plurality of Different Bevel Gears and Use of an According Milling Tool
WO2013076030A1 (en) Semi-completing skiving method with two intersection angles of axes and use of a corresponding skiving tool for semi-completing skiving
US8747035B2 (en) Method for producing bevel gears having hypocycloidal teeth in the continuous forming method using corresponding tools
US9925606B2 (en) Power skiving method having multiple cut strategy
US10105774B2 (en) Method for incorporating undercuts in tooth flanks of teeth of toothed wheels

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: KLINGELNBERG AG, SWITZERLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:VOGEL, OLAF, DR.;REEL/FRAME:031560/0061

Effective date: 20131009

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION