Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
  • A61K9/7007—Drug-containing films, membranes or sheets
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/275—Nitriles; Isonitriles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
  • A61L24/04—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials
  • A61L24/043—Mixtures of macromolecular materials
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
  • A61L24/04—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials
  • A61L24/06—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L26/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form
  • A61L26/0009—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form containing macromolecular materials
  • A61L26/0014—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form containing macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D109/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
  • C09D109/06—Copolymers with styrene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D153/00—Coating compositions based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D153/02—Vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
  • F04C2270/04—Force
  • F04C2270/041—Controlled or regulated

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to a conformable coating composition that comprises an elastomer and a volatile liquid.
• the present disclosure relates to a conformable coating comprising an elastomer.
• Barrier products are used to protect the skin of patients who have incontinence, skin occlusion, frequent washes, ostomys, especially ileostomy and colostomies.
• the presence of high moisture and corrosive enzymes from body fluids can lead to devastating breakdown of the skin, which can then lead to fungal infection, denuding, and erosion of the skin.
• Liquid, film-forming products have also been developed to be applied and to protect skin, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,103,812 and 4,987,893.
• cyanoacrylates have been used such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,183,593 and 6,143,805.
• Many of the thin, film-forming coating are brittle and do not flex well on skin.
• the disclosed conformable coating provides a highly durable and resilient film useful for protecting and repairing surfaces such as skin and mucous membranes.
• the conformable coating composition comprises an elastomer and a volatile liquid.
• a coating formed from the conformable coating composition comprises an elastomer.
• the conformable coating composition comprises an elastomer, a volatile liquid.
• the volatile liquid is at least 40% wt. of the total composition.
• the composition has a viscosity less than 1,000 cps.
• the composition further comprises a hemostatic agent, such as a polymerizable cyanoacrylate monomer.
• the volatile liquid is selected from the group consisting of volatile linear and cyclic siloxanes, volatile polydimethylsiloxanes, isooctane, octane, and combinations thereof.
• at least 60% wt. of the total composition is the volatile liquid.
• the elastomer is a rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer.
• the elastomer has a molecular weight from 1,400 to 1,000,000. In one embodiment, the elastomer is chemically modified with a low surface energy material. In one embodiment, the composition comprises at least 1% wt. elastomer. In one embodiment, the composition further comprises an anti-blocking agent. In one embodiment, the viscosity is less than 100 cps.
• the conformable film that comprises an elastomer on a substrate, wherein the coating weight is from 1 to 30 mg/in 2 , and wherein the film has less than 75% failure at 100% elongation.
• the film has a thickness of less than 1 mm.
• the film fractures less than 75% at 200% elongation.
• the film has an elongation of at least 50%.
• the film has low tack, drag, and blocking.
• An elastomer when contained in a volatile, non-reactive liquid provides for a fast drying, adherent, non-stinging and non-irritating liquid adhesive coating that is resilient and flexible. Additionally, although inclusion of an elastomer into the composition can increase the surface tack of the coating, it was surprisingly found that the coatings could be designed to have a relatively low coefficient of friction, or drag.
• the coating composition comprised of a volatile solvent and elastomer when formed as a coating are useful for protecting or treating skin, nails, tissues, organs and mucous membranes, e.g. bleeding injuries, surgical sites, skin ulcers, cuts, abrasions, incisions, cold sores, blisters, rashes, abraded gums and other oral surfaces, hemorrhoids and abraded body areas, and other mucosal membrane incisions and wounds.
• the coatings may also be used as surgical glues.
• a coating formed from the conformable coating composition comprises a solvent borne or dispersion of an elastomer.
• compositions can be applied by known means, such as with a spray, pump, swab, rod, sterile brush or medicine dropper that may be single use or multi use items.
• the elastomers that may be used in the conformable coating composition include natural or synthetic rubber and thermoplastic elastomers.
• Suitable rubbers include, but are not limited to, low to high molecular weight versions of the following: polyisobutylenes, polyisoprenes, butyl rubber, halogenated butyl rubbers, dienes, styrene copolymers, acrylonitrile copolymers, and copolymers or mixtures thereof, which are soluble or highly swollen in the volatile liquid.
• the molecular weight of the primary elastomer is from 1,400 to 1,000,000, in one embodiment 10,000 to 1,000,000, in one embodiment 25,000 to 600,000, and in one embodiment 50,000 to 200,000.
• a lower molecular weight (1 to 60,000) elastomer may be blended into the elastomer system.
• the disclosed conformable coating composition comprises a solution with elastomer solids of at least 1% wt. of the coating composition.
• the conformable coating composition comprises a solution with elastomer solids of at least 5% wt. of the coating composition.
• the composition further comprises an anti-blocking agent.
• An anti-blocking agent may be a waxy material, such as cetyl palmitate or polyvinyl stearyl ether, or it may be an aromatic high Tg resin such as polystyrene or a C9 aromatic resin of a methylated derivative of styrene, or copolymers which may be included in the conformable coating composition. Surprisingly, these materials provided clear cured films which have superior wear performance. Other waxy materials such as fatty alcohol, fatty alcohol esters and ethers as well as waxy polymers could also be used to reduce blocking.
• chemically modifying the elastomer with a low surface energy component has been found to reduce the blocking behavior and reduce the drag forces.
• Simply including anti-blocking agents into the composition did reduce the final tack of the film.
• the anti-blocking agents negatively impacted the overall elongation properties of the film.
• the chemically modified elastomer showed both a reduction in tack of the film, reduction in blocking behavior, reduction in drag, while still providing the elongation properties to the film.
• silicone, fluorinated oligomers, and hydrocarbon based oligomeric material can be used to modify the elastomer.
• the modification can be accomplished by grafting or hydrosilylation.
• dimethicone is used to modify the rubber and specifically is used to modify an unsaturated rubber.
• the molecular weight of the low surface energy portion impacts the ability of the low surface energy portion to have an effect on drag. For example, a very low molecular weight of a dimethicone had little effect on reducing drag. Too high of a molecular weight of the low surface energy side chain can cause solubility issues within the system. It is believed that either the modified elastomer is poorly soluble in the solvent or the modified elastomer is not miscible with other elastomers in solution. In one embodiment, the side-chain of the low surface energy portion is between 500 and 10,000 molecular weight.
• the elastomer can have one or more side-chains of the low surface energy portion. Too many side-chains of the low surface energy portion can negatively impact the barrier performance of the resulting film.
• the elastomer is a saturated rubber, the amount of dimethicone should not exceed much above 60%.
• unsaturated rubbers are able to withstand much higher levels of side chain modification, specifically with dimethicone, approaching 99% since the abundant unsaturating can ultimately be used for the grafting reaction and/or copolymerized into the other components of the composition. Copolymerization of the coating can be achieved by the incorporation of free radical initiators which are triggered by heat, air, UV light and the like which can generate radicals and enable crosslinking of the coating on skin as it dries or after it has dried.
• a rubber is the elastomer to which a low surface energy component is included.
• the saturated or unsaturated rubbers may be modified. However, unsaturated rubbers perform particularly well. Examples of saturated rubbers are styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene copolymer, styrene ethylene propylene styrene block copolymer, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene, ethylene-butene, and ethylene-octene.
• unsaturated rubbers are polydienes, polyisoprene, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene, styrene-isoprene, butyl rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene, halogenated rubber such as polychloroprene, EPDM rubber, and polybutadiene as well as copolymers of these rubber with polyisobutylene.
• the properties are adhesion to skin, elongation, barrier properties, hardness, toughness, tackiness, draggy feel and blocking.
• softer and lower molecular weight elastomers, and rubbers in particular, or blends of higher molecular weight with lower molecular elastomers (1-60,000 molecular weight) provide optimal adhesion to skin.
• these materials tend to all have the highest blocking, highest drag and softest feel on skin. In order to reduce the surface drag and blocking, increasing the hardness of the elastomer offsets these problems.
• these increases in hardness do not come at a loss of elongation and adhesion to skin.
• the effectiveness of these modifiers can be assessed using the Elongation test method disclosed at 100 and 200% elongation. It is desired that the tested films will have less than 75% failure, preferably less than 50% failure, more preferably less than 25% failure, and of course ideally no failure.
• the range of the styrene content of the styrene copolymer elastomer is from 0.1% to 65% wt., in one embodiment from 10% to 55% wt., and in one embodiment 18 to 45% wt.
• Increasing the styrene content of these copolymers reduces the solubility of the systems in alkane solvents such as isooctane, however cyclic solvents like cyclohexane enable solubility of very high styrene contents exceeding 40%.
• the molecular weight of the polymer as well as its crystallinity and copolymer content influences the viscosity of the composition.
• the viscosity of the composition is less than 1,000 cps, and preferably below 100 cps. Targeting a low viscosity and yet maintaining as high a coating solids as possible is desired for delivering an adequate film thickness on skin by a foam pad or swab applicator.
• Preferred thermoplastic elastomers are at the lower range of the available molecular weight range. Selection of preferred candidates is made by solvating the elastomer in the desired solvent and determining the maximum concentration before the viscosity exceeds the desired target.
• the coating composition has viscosity of 1,000 cps and less at solids levels above 10%.
• the amount of solution applied to the substrate such as skin, be in the range of 10 to 100 mg/square inch. Based on solids contents ranging from 10 to 30% the likely coating weight of the dried film will range from 1 to 30 mg/square inch.
• the elastomer is incorporated into a solvent system comprising non-stinging, non-irritating, volatile, non-reactive liquids.
• the non-stinging, non-irritating solvent system can comprise volatile liquid siloxanes, such as hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxanes and the like.
• volatile solvents including volatile organosilicones, such as caprylyl methicone, ethyl trisiloxane, and the like; (C6 to C10) alkanes, such as isooctane, octane, nonane and decane (and their structural isomers, including cyclic isomers such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and the like; acetates such as methyl and ethyl acetate, propylene glycol diacetate, volatile ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, volatile ethers, glycol ethers and cellosolve ethers such as diethyl ether, ethyl propyl ether, dipropyl ether and dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether and the like as well as blends of the above.
• volatile organosilicones such as caprylyl methicone, ethyl trisilox
• Volatile fluorocarbons such as pentafluoropropane, perfluoroheptane, perfluoromethylcyclohexane and the like; or a volatile gas, such as carbon dioxide, can also be employed, each with varying degrees of user discomfort.
• the non-stinging, non-irritating, volatile non-reactive liquid is present from about 40% up to 99.9%, in another embodiment, 65% up to 99%, in another embodiment 75% to 90%, by weight of the total conformable coating composition.
• the total solids content of the conformable coating composition is at least 20% wt., and in one embodiment is at least 30% wt., and in one embodiment is less than 50% wt. of the total conformable coating composition.
• the volatile liquid portion evaporates so that the dried film forms in less than 2 minutes. In one embodiment, the dried film forms in less than 90 seconds.
• the coating can stretch and recover while maintaining a continuous coating and limited cracks or breaks in the coating.
• the coating has an elongation of greater than 50%.
• the coating has a percent fracture less than 75% when subject to 100% elongation.
• the coating has a percent fracture is less than 75% when subject to 200% elongation.
• the disclosed coating is a significantly more durable and flexible barrier film when applied on such flexible surfaces such as skin.
• a hemostatic agent may be included in the composition.
• the hemostatic agent is cyanoacrylate.
• Other examples include is hemostatic agents include microfibrillar collagen, chitosan, bone wax, ostene, oxidized cellulose and thrombin.
• Cyanoacrylate monomers that may be used include readily polymerizable alpha-cyanoacrylates, including alkyl cyanoacrylates, aryl cyanoacrylates, alkoxyalkyl cyanoacrylates, such as butyl cyanoacrylate and n-butyl cyanoacrylate in particular, octyl cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate in particular, ethyl cyanoacrylate, methyl cyanoacrylate, n-dodecyl cyanoacrylate, phenyl 2-cyanoacrylate, methoxyethyl 2-cyanoacrylate, and the like.
• the composition may be composed of one or more polymerizable cyanoacrylate monomers.
• the cyanoacrylate monomer is present from about 0.1% to about 99.9%, in another embodiment 0.1% to about 65%, in another embodiment, 0.1% to about 55%, by weight of the nonvolatile portion of the conformable coating composition. In one embodiment, the cyanoacrylate is present in at least 5%, by weight, of the nonvolatile portion of the composition, so that the system demonstrates good hemostatic and lymphostatic performance
• plasticizers and tackifiers can be useful, including dibutylphthalate, acetyl tributyl citrate, sucrose acetate isobutyrate, sucrose benzoate, acetyltriethyl citrate, benzyl-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, di-butyl adipate, hydrogenated polyisobutylene, mineral oil, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, poly(methyphenylsiloxane), butyl glycolate and others.
• Suitable plasticizers include polymeric plasticizers, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) esters and capped PEG esters or ethers, polyester glutarates and polyester adipates.
• PEG poly(ethylene glycol)
• Other compositions are exemplified by U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,259,835 and 5,328,687; 5,981,621; 6,143,352; 6,565,840; 6,010,714; 6,217,603; and 5,928,611, all incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
• Typical rheology additives that may be added to the liquid material or formulation are fumed silica, bentonite and other clay derivatives, and the like. Fillers can also be useful in modifying the slip, hardness and blocking performance of the coating. Large particles such as glass beads can be utilized to reduce the blocking performance of the coating.
• the composition may optionally also include thickeners, although the rubbers elastomers typically impart significant thickening to the system and hence do not require additional thickening.
• the compositions may also include pH modifiers or buffers to reduce the irritancy of urine and feces.
• difunctional monomeric crosslinking agents in concentration of less than 2 wt % of the composition may be added.
• Such crosslinking agents are known such as in U.S. Pat. No. 3,940,362.
• compositions may further contain fibrous reinforcement and colorants such as dyes, pigments, and pigment dyes.
• suitable fibrous reinforcement include PGA microfibrils, collagen microfibrils, and others as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,183,593, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• suitable colorants as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,981,621 include 1-hydroxy-4[4-methylphenylamino]-9,10-anthracenedione (FD&C violet No. 2); disodium salt of 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)oxo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid (FD&C Yellow No. 6); 9-(o-carboxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-3H-xanthen-3-one, disodium salt, monohydrate (FD&C Red No. 3); and the like.
• florescent dyes and pigments are also beneficial by enabling the coating to be viewed under black-light.
• the coating would be clear and transparent under normal lighting so the site can be easily viewed and inspected for changes in the skin.
• the site can be inspected by the use of a backlight wand or flashlight which reveals the coating by its florescence.
• a particularly useful hydrocarbon soluble fluorescing dye is 2,5-bis(5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl) 1 thiophene.
• Drag is a sensory evaluation conducted by lightly rubbing the dried coatings with a finger. The coatings were rated from 1 (low) to 5 (high).
• Tack is a sensory evaluation conducted by lightly touching the dried coatings on the gel with a finger. The coatings were rated from 1 (no tack) to 5 (tacky like a pressure sensitive adhesive).
• Blocking is the tendency of a material to adhere to itself.
• the dried coatings may not feel tacky but when two coated surfaces are placed in contact and the coatings show an affinity to each other and adhere, this property is called blocking.
• the test is performed by allowing the coating to dry for 1 hour on the CHG gel pad. The gel pad is then folded in half so the coating touches itself. Light finger pressure is applied for 10 seconds. Once pressure is released if the gel surfaces separate without adhering the coating is rated 1, if the surfaces stick together strongly its rated a 5.
• Components were combined in a sealed glass vial and heated to 65° C. with mixing until dissolved (24-48 hours). The solution was cooled to room temperature prior to testing.

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• 2012
  • 2012-09-28 WO PCT/US2012/057876 patent/WO2013049543A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2012-09-28 CN CN201280048195.6A patent/CN103842456A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-09-28 WO PCT/US2012/057855 patent/WO2013049527A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2012-09-28 EP EP12772665.1A patent/EP2760950A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-09-28 CN CN201280048226.8A patent/CN103842457B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-09-28 EP EP12775385.3A patent/EP2760951A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-09-28 JP JP2014533383A patent/JP6181652B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-09-28 BR BR112014007522A patent/BR112014007522A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2012-09-28 US US14/347,265 patent/US20140235712A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-09-28 US US14/346,481 patent/US9301928B2/en active Active
  • 2012-09-28 JP JP2014533378A patent/JP2014528280A/ja active Pending
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