US20110098792A1 - Therapeutic wrap - Google Patents

Therapeutic wrap Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110098792A1
US20110098792A1 US12/910,743 US91074310A US2011098792A1 US 20110098792 A1 US20110098792 A1 US 20110098792A1 US 91074310 A US91074310 A US 91074310A US 2011098792 A1 US2011098792 A1 US 2011098792A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
wrap
bladder
insulating member
fluid
inlet
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Abandoned
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US12/910,743
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English (en)
Inventor
Mark H. Lowe
Krister Bowman
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Avent Inc
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Individual
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Priority to US12/910,743 priority Critical patent/US20110098792A1/en
Publication of US20110098792A1 publication Critical patent/US20110098792A1/en
Assigned to COOLSYSTEMS, INC. reassignment COOLSYSTEMS, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BOWMAN, KRISTER, LOWE, MARK H.
Assigned to CITIBANK, N.A. reassignment CITIBANK, N.A. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AVENT, INC., COOLSYSTEMS, INC.
Assigned to Avent, Inc reassignment Avent, Inc ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COOLSYSTEMS, INC.
Assigned to AVENT, INC., AVANOS MEDICAL SALES, LLC reassignment AVENT, INC. RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CITIBANK, N.A.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/0085—Devices for generating hot or cold treatment fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0001—Body part
    • A61F2007/0018—Trunk or parts thereof
    • A61F2007/0027—Lower part of back
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0001—Body part
    • A61F2007/0029—Arm or parts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0001—Body part
    • A61F2007/0039—Leg or parts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0054—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with a closed fluid circuit, e.g. hot water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0091—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body inflatable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
    • A61F2007/0225—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling connected to the body or a part thereof
    • A61F2007/0231—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling connected to the body or a part thereof hook and loop-type fastener
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/02—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling
    • A61F2007/0244—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling with layers
    • A61F2007/0246—Compresses or poultices for effecting heating or cooling with layers with a layer having high heat transfer capability

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to therapy of an animate body, and more particularly a therapeutic wrap of the type having circulating fluid to provide cooling, heating, and/or compression to a human or animal body part.
  • Cold packing with ice bags or the like traditionally has been used to provide deep core cooling of a body part.
  • Elastic wraps are often applied to provide compression.
  • Most effective animate body heat exchangers typically include two major components, an external compliant therapy component covering a body part to be subjected to heat exchange, and a control component for producing a flowing heat exchange liquid. Many control units also produce and supply an air or other gas pressure needed to apply pressure to a body part and to press the heat exchange liquid toward such body part. This air pressure is directed to another compliant bladder of the therapy component, which air pressure bladder overlays the liquid bladder to press such liquid bladder against the body part to be subjected to heat exchange, as well as apply compression to the body part to reduce edema.
  • a commonly used external therapy component uses a pair of compliant bladders to contain fluids; that is, it preferably has both a compliant bladder for containing a circulating heat exchange liquid and a gas pressure bladder which overlays the liquid bladder for inhibiting edema and for pressing the liquid bladder against the body part to be subjected to heat exchange.
  • the body heat exchanging component(s) of such an apparatus has a pair of layers defining a flexible bladder through which a liquid is circulated.
  • This component is often referred to as a “wrap.”
  • the liquid fed to the wrap is maintained at a desired temperature.
  • the desired temperature is lower than the temperature expected for the body part, and typically is achieved, at least in part, by passing the liquid through a heat exchanging medium, such as by passing the same through an ice bath, or a refrigeration unit.
  • a heat exchanging medium such as by passing the same through an ice bath, or a refrigeration unit.
  • the fluid warms from the body part heat as it passes through the wrap. Accordingly, the average temperature fluctuates and the amount of heat transfer is inconsistent. In some cases, the fluid warms to a degree that a portion of the wrap no longer provides therapy. To counteract this effect, the flow rate can be increased or the fluid can be cooled to a lower temperature. Increasing the flow rate reduces the cooling effect of the wrap. Lowering the inlet temperature leads to very low temperatures in the inlet area of the wrap. If the temperature is too low, the wrap becomes uncomfortable for the patient and can even lead to burns during extended periods of use.
  • the present invention involves improvements in heat transfer therapy apparatus and avoids disadvantages in the prior art.
  • a therapy wrap including a fluid bladder including an inlet, an outlet, and at least one fluidic channel connecting the inlet to the outlet; and a thermal insulating member on the fluid bladder only directly adjacent the inlet and extending along the at least one fluidic channel.
  • the wrap includes another thermal insulating member on the fluid bladder extending along the at least one fluidic channel and separated from the thermal insulating member.
  • the insulating member and the another insulating member may be modified to achieve the desired variation in insulating effect.
  • the insulating member is configured to decrease the rate of heat transfer by a greater degree than the another thermal insulating member.
  • the insulating member and the another insulating member have different coefficients of heat transfer.
  • the insulating member and the another insulating member have essentially equal thickness.
  • the insulating member and the another insulating member are contiguous.
  • the insulating member and the another insulating member may be integrally formed in an insulating layer.
  • the insulating member and the another insulating member may be monolithically formed as the insulating layer.
  • the wrap includes an expandable bladder on a side of the bladder opposite the insulating member for exerting a compressive force on the bladder.
  • a therapy wrap including a fluid bladder including an inlet, an outlet, and at least one fluidic channel connecting the inlet to the outlet; and a thermal insulating layer affixed to the fluid bladder and having a shape dimensioned and configured to correspond to a perimeter of the bladder, the thermal insulating layer comprising a thermal insulating member extending along the at least one fluidic channel and positioned only directly adjacent the inlet when the layer is affixed to the bladder.
  • the thermal insulating layer further comprises another insulating member extending along the at least one fluidic channel and separated from the thermal insulating member.
  • the insulating member and the another insulating member may be contiguous.
  • the insulating member and the another insulating members are monolithically formed in the insulating layer.
  • the insulating layer is printed. In various embodiments, the insulating layer is bonded to the bladder. In various embodiments, the wrap includes a pocket for removably securing the insulating layer.
  • the at least one fluidic channel has a serpentine shape, and the insulating member and the another insulating member are positioned in a pattern corresponding to the at least one fluidic channel. In various embodiments, the at least one fluidic channel extends from wall-to-wall in a width direction.
  • Various aspects of the invention are directed to a method of administering a temperature-controlled treatment to an anatomical body part.
  • the method includes applying a therapy wrap to an anatomical body part, the wrap including an inlet; an outlet; at least one fluidic channel connecting the inlet and the outlet; and a thermal insulating layer between the wrap and the body part extending along a flowpath of the at least one fluidic channel in a first region only directly adjacent the inlet; flowing a heat exchanging fluid from a reservoir through the inlet to the at least one fluidic channel; and returning the fluid to the reservoir from the outlet.
  • the method includes flowing the fluid through a second region downstream from the first region, wherein an overall coefficient of heat transfer in the second region is more than an overall coefficient of heat transfer in the first region.
  • the method includes decreasing the thickness of the insulating layer downstream from the first region to compensate for a temperature delta in the at least one fluidic channel.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates top plan views of modular portions of the embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates bottom plan views of the modular portions of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 3A is an enlarged section of a portion of one of the modular portions of FIG. 3 illustrating a dot connection pattern
  • FIG. 4 illustrates coupling the modular portions of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 5A illustrates the modular portions of FIG. 4 with one modular portion enclosed in a pouch in the other or outer modular portion
  • FIG. 5B illustrates a variation of FIG. 5A where the inner enclosed portion has the same dimension and the out modular portion, which encloses the inner modular portion, is larger;
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6 - 6 in FIG. 5A ;
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B diagrammatically illustrate the true grain orientation of the heat transfer device layers illustrated in FIG. 6 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 7A-C illustrate use of the embodiment of FIG. 1 , where FIG. 7A illustrates applying the apparatus to the arm of a human user; FIG. 7B illustrates the apparatus wrapped around the arm; and FIG. 7C illustrates the apparatus wrapped around the lower portion or calf of the user;
  • FIG. 8 illustrates another embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 9A-B illustrate use of the embodiment of FIG. 8 , where FIG. 9A illustrates the apparatus being wrapped around a human patient's upper leg and knee and FIG. 9B illustrates the apparatus fully wrapped around that region and ready for use;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates bottom plan views of modular portions of another embodiment of the invention which, for example, is suitable for coupling to the patient's body core region;
  • FIG. 11 illustrates top plan views of the modular portions of FIG. 10 ;
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 10 with the modular portions coupled;
  • FIG. 13A illustrates coupling of the modular portions so that one modular portion is enclosed in a pouch in the other or outer modular portion
  • FIGS. 13B and 13C show two positions of the embodiment of FIG. 10 after insertion of the one modular portion as shown in FIG. 13A , wherein FIG. 13B shows the belt or strap portions arranged downward and FIG. 13C show the belt or strap portions arranged upward;
  • FIGS. 14A-D diagrammatically depict use of the embodiment of FIG. 10 where FIG. 14A show a first step in wrapping the apparatus around the waist of a patient, FIG. 14B shows securing the apparatus in place, FIG. 14C shows the apparatus being in its final position and ready for use, and FIG. 14D shows the apparatus with the straps repositioned and the apparatus being wrapped around the upper torso of the patient;
  • FIG. 15 illustrates another embodiment of the invention, which, for example, can be used to treat the ankle and foot region of a patient;
  • FIG. 16 illustrates top plan views of modular portions of the embodiment of FIG. 15 ;
  • FIG. 17 illustrates bottom views of the modular portions of FIG. 16 ;
  • FIGS. 18A-C illustrate coupling the modular portions of the embodiment of FIG. 16 .
  • FIG. 18A illustrates a first stage of inserting one modular portion into the other modular portion
  • FIG. 18B illustrates another stage of inserting the one modular portion into the other
  • FIG. 18C illustrates the one modular portion fully inserted into the other modular portion
  • FIGS. 19A-D illustrate use of the embodiment of FIG. 10 , where FIG. 19A shows a first stage in wrapping the device; FIG. 19B illustrates securing mating hook and loop fastener portions around the foot; FIG. 19C illustrates securing mating hook and loop fastener portions at the forward portion of the lower leg of the patient, and FIG. 19D illustrates securing mating hook and loop fastener portions behind the ankle and region adjacent thereto;
  • FIG. 20 illustrates another embodiment of the invention, which, for example, can be used to treat the shoulder of a patient
  • FIG. 21 illustrates top views of modular portions of the embodiment of FIG. 20 ;
  • FIG. 22 illustrates bottom views of the modular portions of FIG. 21 ;
  • FIGS. 23A-D illustrate coupling the modular portions of FIG. 20 , where FIG. 23A illustrates a first stage where the modular portions are generally aligned, FIG. 23B illustrate inserting a portion of one modular portion into the other modular portion, FIG. 23C illustrates another stage where the one modular portion is fully positioned in the other, and FIG. 23D illustrates edges or flaps of the covering modular portion secured to enclose the other modular portion; and
  • FIGS. 24A-D diagrammatically illustrate use of the embodiment of FIG. 20 where FIG. 24A shows a first stage in pulling the apparatus over the arm and toward the shoulder of a patient, FIG. 24B illustrates wrapping the apparatus around the shoulder of the patient and securing mating hook and loop fastener portions around the arm; FIG. 24C illustrates securing mating hook and loop fastener portions to secure portions that wrap around the chest of the patient, and FIG. 24D illustrates the apparatus in position for use with an optional strap having one end attached to the apparatus and mating hook and loop fastener portions secured to one another to form a loop for receiving the patient's arm.
  • FIG. 25 illustrates another embodiment of the invention, which can be used in equine applications
  • FIG. 26 illustrates bottom views of modular portions of the embodiment of FIG. 25 ;
  • FIG. 27 illustrates top views of the modular portions of FIG. 25 ;
  • FIG. 28 is a top schematic view of a wrap similar to that of FIG. 2 , illustrating a plurality of variable thickness insulating members.
  • FIG. 28A is an exploded section of a portion of FIG. 28 , illustrating a fluidic channel;
  • FIG. 29 is a top schematic view of a variable insulating wrap similar to that of FIG. 28 , illustrating a single insulating member
  • FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of a wrap similar to that of FIG. 28 , illustrating varying thicknesses of the insulating members;
  • FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view of a wrap similar to that of FIG. 28 , illustrating insulating members with equal thicknesses and different coefficients of heat transfer;
  • FIG. 32 is a top schematic view of a variable insulating wrap similar to that of FIG. 28 , illustrating an elongated insulating member extending along a fluidic channel from directly adjacent the inlet and around a first corner of the wrap;
  • FIG. 33 is a top schematic view of a variable insulating wrap similar to that of FIG. 32 , illustrating another insulating member extending along the fluidic channel and having a different thermal insulating factor than the insulating member in the inlet region;
  • FIG. 34 is a top schematic view of a variable insulating wrap similar to that of FIG. 33 , illustrating a third insulating member in the outlet region;
  • FIG. 35 is a top schematic view of a variable insulating wrap similar to that of FIG. 33 , illustrating a plurality of insulating members with different shapes;
  • FIG. 36 is a sectional view of a variable insulating wrap similar to that of FIG. 28 , illustrating assembly of the expandable compression bladder, fluid bladder, and insulating layer;
  • FIG. 37A is a top plan view of a variable insulating wrap similar to that of FIG. 28 , illustrating a modified insulating sleeve for receiving a fluid bladder;
  • FIG. 37B is a top schematic view of the bladder including a fluidic channel to be inserted into the insulating sleeve of FIG. 37A ;
  • FIG. 38 is a top schematic view of a variable insulating wrap similar to that of FIG. 37 , illustrating a plurality of insulating members positioned based on a user's preferences;
  • FIG. 39 is a top schematic view of an insulating layer similar to that of FIG. 28 positioned over another fluid bladder, the fluid bladder configured to reduce kinking during flexure.
  • thermal therapy devices typically for cooling or heating a body part.
  • Performance of the thermal therapy device may be improved by adjusting the flow rate, adjusting the temperature, and/or providing additional features to the thermal therapy device.
  • the velocity of the fluid is proportional to the flow rate.
  • Reducing the flow rate of the fluid of a given temperature through the thermal therapy device will also reduce the amount of energy removed from (or added to) the patient. Conversely, increasing the flow rate will increase the amount of energy removed from (or added to) a patient.
  • a cold therapy device with the wrap applied to a mammalian body, the temperature of the fluid leaving the wrap is warmer than the temperature of the fluid entering the wrap because the mammalian body is typically warmer than the thermal fluid.
  • the temperature delta increases as does the average wrap temperature.
  • the flow may be increased sufficiently.
  • a slower flow rate may lead to less efficient heat transfer and other performance problems.
  • the “average temperature” of the wrap refers to the average of the wrap inlet temperature and the wrap outlet temperature.
  • the difference between the wrap outlet temperature and the wrap inlet temperature will be referred to as “temperature delta” through the wrap.
  • the temperature delta through the wrap depends on the fluid flow rate, the heat load, and the specific heat of the thermal fluid.
  • the “maximum temperature” and “minimum temperature” refers to the maximum and minimum temperatures at any point in the wrap, and more specifically the fluidic channels.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a modular heat therapy device for use with a heat therapy system.
  • the system includes a modular heat transfer therapy apparatus, also referred to as a “wrap”, which includes a first modular member or portion and a second modular member or portion.
  • the first modular member or portion comprises a heat transfer device, and the second modular member portion forms a pouch into which the first modular member is placed.
  • the first modular member can be readily removed so that one can clean either or both the first and second modular members and/or replace either of the first and second modular members.
  • the second modular member can be constructed of material so that it is washable and reusable so that the second modular member can be cleaned after being stained with blood or otherwise soiled.
  • the second modular member can be made so that it is a low-cost single-user disposable product.
  • the ability to remove the first modular member from the second modular member and clean or replace the latter is especially advantageous when the apparatus is used on different patients. Further, one can replace the first or second modular member when portions thereof are beginning to fail after a long period of use. With this construction, a faulty heat exchanger can be easily replaced.
  • the ability to replace one modular member also can avoid the need to dispose of the entire apparatus, thereby providing the ability to reduce cost over time.
  • Modular heat transfer therapy apparatus 100 generally comprises first modular member 102 and second modular member 104 , which forms a cover for the first modular member and in FIG. 1 is shown in the form of a sleeve.
  • apparatus 100 is adapted to be wrapped around at least a portion of a patient's body and form a sleeve around that portion.
  • first modular member 102 is inside the second modular member 104 and hidden from view.
  • second modular member 104 comprises two compliant bladders, outer bladder 106 ( FIG. 2 ) and inner bladder 108 ( FIG. 3 ), which form separate chambers such as chambers 106 a and 108 a for different fluids.
  • Compliant bladders 106 and 108 are generally parallel to one another (see FIG. 6 ) and are made so as to preclude fluid communication therebetween or between chambers 106 a and 108 a during use.
  • Bladders 106 and 108 can be formed from three sheets of material with one forming a common inner wall for chambers 106 a and 108 a as will be described in more detail below.
  • outer bladder 106 is adapted to receive a first fluid such as a gas (e.g., air), which can be regulated to provide the desired amount of inflation of the bladder or pressure therein. This inflation or pressure affects the compressive force applied to the animate body during use as will be further described below.
  • Inner bladder 108 is adapted to receive a fluid, such as a coolant, which can be in the form of a cold liquid, to transfer heat away from the animate body part.
  • the fluid supplied to inner bladder 108 can have a temperature higher than ambient so as to heat the animate body part. In the example illustrated in FIG.
  • a three port manifold 110 provides a port for a fluid such as air to be introduced and exhausted from bladder 106 and fluid inlet and outlet ports for circulating fluid through bladder 108 .
  • Each port is formed by a tubular member, which has one end adapted to receive a hose connector as is known in the art and another end adapted to be inserted into one of three tubes (not shown) extending from the bladder (described below).
  • each of the manifold fluid inlet and fluid outlet tubular members or passageways can be provided with a valve such as a spring loaded valve that is configured to allow the passage of fluid therethrough when the fluid hose connectors are coupled to the manifold and to prevent fluid flow therethrough when the fluid hose connectors are uncoupled from the manifold as is known in the art. In this manner, fluid such as a liquid coolant is blocked from exiting fluid bladder 108 when the fluid hoses are uncoupled from the manifold.
  • the gas port does not include a valve.
  • the tubes extending from bladder 108 can be placed adjacent to the tube extending from bladder 106 with the tube for bladder 106 above and between the tubes for bladder 108 .
  • bladder 106 is formed with an opening and bladder 108 is formed with two openings to receive the tubes in the orientation described above.
  • a tube, such as a polyurethane tube, is positioned in each one of these openings and then welded to a respective bladder to form a fluid tight seal therewith.
  • the tubes extending from the bladders typically have an inner diameter of about 1 ⁇ 8-inch.
  • the manifold passageways typically have a diameter of about 1 ⁇ 4-inch.
  • Manifold 110 can be inserted into the tubes to form a seal therewith.
  • each manifold tubular member end portion that mates with or is inserted into a respective tube extending from one or the other bladder can be provided with tapered hose barbs to enhance the seal as is well known in the art.
  • a suitable manifold construction is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,104,158 and 5,052,725, both to Meyer, et al. and both entitled Two Piece Female Coupling. The disclosures of U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,104,158 and 5,052,725 are hereby incorporated herein for all purposes by reference.
  • the manifold, which carries or forms the tubular members can be configured to mate with the curves of the body when connected to the modular apparatus. It also can be provided with a ridge for finger placement to allow easier removal.
  • a fluid circulation control unit as diagrammatically represented in FIG. 7B and generally designated with reference numeral 180 is coupled to manifold 110 with tubing to fluidly communicate the therapy fluids to bladders 106 and 108 as will be described in more detail below. It should be understood that other manifold configurations and/or couplings to provide fluid flow between the fluid source and the bladders can be used as would be apparent to one of skill in the art. For example, valves need not be provided in the liquid port couplings.
  • the illustrative heat transfer or heat exchange device includes compliant bladder 108 , which circulates heat exchange fluid or liquid.
  • This bladder is defined by a pair of generally parallel, flexible, or in other words, compliant, and fluid- or liquid-tight, walls or layers of material 152 and 154 , which walls are sealed together by, for example, RF welding along their perimeters.
  • Compliant gas pressure bladder 106 which overlays heat exchange bladder 108 as illustrated to direct gas (most simply, air) pressure against the heat exchange bladder 106 to press it towards the portion of the body being treated.
  • This compliant gas pressure bladder 106 is also defined by a pair of generally parallel and flexible walls or layers of material 150 and 152 .
  • wall 152 is a common wall, i.e., one side of the same aids in defining gas pressure bladder 106 whereas the other side aids in defining bladder 108 .
  • wall or layer 150 is also secured to walls 152 and 154 via RF welding along its perimeter.
  • connections in the interior of heat exchange liquid bladder 108 include a relatively uniform distribution of dot connections as shown in FIG. 3A and designated with reference character “D.” This matrix of connections acts to disperse the liquid throughout the bladder. This dispersion is further aided by curvilinear fence connections provided for the purpose of directing the flow of a liquid. These fence connections are indicated by the reference numeral F in FIG. 3A . In the illustrative embodiment, the dots are formed in a triangular grid.
  • sheets of material defining the walls 152 and 154 are RF welded together at the dot connections and at the interior fences.
  • the wall 150 is RF welded to the other walls at the perimeter of the bladder. This RF welding will also form a common border for walls 150 , 152 , and 154 .
  • the heat transfer or heat exchange device is welded with each of the three layers having a rotated true grain of about 10-30° with respect to one another.
  • This grain rotation can dramatically improve resistance to ripping of the heat exchanger.
  • sheets 150 , 152 and 154 have grain directions indicated with arrows “A,” “B” and “C,” respectively.
  • Grain direction B of sheet 152 is offset in a counterclockwise direction from grain direction A of sheet 150 by about 30°.
  • grain direction C of sheet 154 is offset in a clockwise direction from grain direction A of sheet 152 by about 30°.
  • Each of the walls 150 , 152 and 154 can be made of a nylon material suitably coated with polyurethane to provide both the RF welding qualities and the needed liquid or air impermeability.
  • the heat transfer or heat exchange device can comprise fabrics (e.g., nylon fabric) that are laminated with asymmetric amounts of polyurethane. That is, the inner surface of the outer wall of the coolant chamber has an extra heavy coating, which corresponds to about a 5 oz coating of polyurethane, while the inner surfaces of the other walls have standard coatings corresponding to about 3 oz coatings of polyurethane. Accordingly, the surfaces of the inner wall of the coolant and air chambers and the inner surface of the outer wall of the air chamber have standard 3 oz coatings.
  • the inner wall of the coolant chamber has a 5 oz coating of polyurethane in order to facilitate a yet stronger bond at the expense of increased manufacturing costs due to the use of a second non-standard fabric.
  • a finish on the nylon material can also provide a permanent antimicrobial finish to prevent mold growth.
  • Modular member 104 comprises an inner or front side portion 112 and an outer or back side portion 114 .
  • Member 104 can be made from various materials and can comprise inner and outer sheets of material that are sewn or fused together.
  • the inner and outer sides can comprise two sheets of fabric, which are sewn together to form seam 116 .
  • An additional seam 118 is provided so that seams 116 and 118 form flap or marginal portion 120 and the perimeter of pouch 122 , which is adapted to receive first modular member 102 .
  • Binding can be provided around the perimeter of second modular member 104 as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • Outer back side portion 114 of second modular member has an opening 124 formed therein for receiving first modular member 102 as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • a portion of back side 114 such as portion 126 , can be pulled back ( FIG. 2 ) to facilitate positioning the remaining portion of first modular member 102 into the pouch.
  • Numeral 114 a indicates the inner surface of back side portion 114 and is shown in the inner surface portion 126 .
  • Any suitable fastening means can be used to close opening 124 .
  • zipper 127 can be provided along the sides of the opening.
  • Second modular member 104 also includes a fastener for holding the apparatus in the desired location on the animate body. Accordingly, when the apparatus is wrapped around a portion of or the entire region being treated, the fastener holds the apparatus in place during treatment.
  • a hook and loop fastener is used. It should be understood that if the hook and loop fastener wears out, the removable second modular member or sleeve can be readily replaced.
  • the loop material portion 128 of the hook and loop fastener can be integrally formed with or placed over essentially all of outer back side portion 114 of second modular member 104 .
  • a strip of loop material can be integrally formed with or placed over a portion or the entire length (measured from the upper to lower edge of member 104 while referring to FIG. 2 ) of outer back side portion 114 along the side opposite flap 120 .
  • the hook material portion of the hook and loop fastener is shown in FIG. 3 and generally designated with reference numeral 130 .
  • Hook portion 130 can be in the form of a single strip that extends along the height of inner front side portion 112 (measured from the upper to lower edge, of inner front side portion 112 ) or it can be integrally formed with front side portion 112 in the same region. It can extend about 50% to 100% of the length of portion 112 .
  • hook portion can comprise a plurality of strips, which can be spaced along the length of portion 112 .
  • the active areas of the hook and loop fastener are outside the seams forming pouch 122 .
  • the forces may tend to resolve as shear forces as compared to other forces that can peel the hook portion from the loop portion.
  • loop portion 128 is non-stretch material. What is meant by non-stretch material or non-stretchable material is material that stretches less than or equal to 3% of its length when held in tension under a load of no more than 10 pounds.
  • the non-stretch loop portion can improve the efficacy of compression on the animate body when the apparatus is in place.
  • Loop portion 128 can be made of non-stretch material, which can be woven or non-woven fabric.
  • loop portion 128 can be made by securing loop material or fabric to non-stretch backing material, which can be woven or non-woven fabric.
  • the non-stretch backing material for example, can be made of nylon or TyvekTM (strong yarn linear polyethylene).
  • the non-stretch and loop materials can be sewn, fused, or laminated together.
  • outer back side portion 114 can comprise first and second materials where the first material is non-stretch material (e.g., non-stretch woven or non-woven fabric), the second material is loop material and the non-stretch material forms backing for the loop material.
  • the second modular member 104 or sleeve also can have a permanent antimicrobial finish to prevent mold growth, such as finishes made according to military specification MIL.STD.810D.
  • the finish can be applied by placing the fabric in a chemical dip as is known in the art.
  • the second modular member or sleeve can act as a blood barrier to prevent contamination of the heat exchanger and reduce transmission of bacteria from patient to patient.
  • the inner faces of the second modular member that form the pouch and contact first modular member 102 can be nylon with a durable water repellency (DWR) coating, which is typically a 1 ⁇ 2 ounce polyurethane coating.
  • DWR durable water repellency
  • FIG. 5A illustrates the modular portions of FIG. 4 with the first modular member inside second modular member 104 and zipper 127 closing opening 124 .
  • the apparatus is ready to apply to the portion of the body to be treated.
  • the pouch that second modular member 104 forms allows first modular member 102 to float therein.
  • This can provide a more evenly distributed compression around the gas bladder, resulting in improved therapy of the body being treated.
  • the heat exchange device can move within pouch 122 , there is less chance that a portion of the heat exchange device blocks coolant flow when the apparatus is improperly applied to the portion of the body being treated. For example, if an improper fold occurs in the heat exchange device, the heat exchange device may self-correct its position and relieve blockage of coolant flow.
  • FIGS. 7A-C An exemplary use of modular therapy apparatus 100 will be made with reference to FIGS. 7A-C .
  • apparatus 100 is positioned adjacent to a portion of a human patient's arm to be treated with the apparatus in an open state.
  • Apparatus 100 which is coupled to fluid circulation and pressurizing unit 180 , is then wrapped around the patient's arm and the second modular member hook portion 130 along flap 120 fastened to a portion of the loop portion of member 104 .
  • the control unit includes a mechanism for cooling and circulating a liquid coolant, which includes a reservoir for containing ice water.
  • the liquid is normal tap water. This liquid was cooled by placing ice into the ice box portion of the control unit, resulting in temperatures ranging typically between 40° F. and 50° F.
  • the control unit accepts liquid that has been returned from the heat exchange bladder 108 . Before reintroducing the heat exchange liquid into bladder 108 , it can be mixed with the liquid in the reservoir or it can be directed to bypass the reservoir. That is, the control unit is capable of supplying liquid at other controlled temperatures by means of mixing liquid chilled in the ice box and liquid warmed in the bladder by means of contact with an animate body and returning the mixed liquid to the bladder.
  • the pressure of air furnished by the control unit is generally about 0.25 to 1.5 psig.
  • the invention is applicable to many other types of therapy components, and the particular liquid, its temperature and pressure will be dependent upon the design and purpose of such therapy components. This is also true of the air pressure and in some instances it is cycled between two pressures (typically between 1.5 and 0.25 psig).
  • the second modular member can have various shapes to accommodate different areas of an animate body. Typically, the area of one side of the second modular member will range from about 1 to 6 square ft. In the case of the knee application, this area will be about 6 square ft. In the case of an elbow, this area will be about 1 to 1.5 square ft.
  • apparatus 100 has been described with a dual bladder heat exchange device, a single bladder heat exchange device can be used.
  • the bladder is adapted circulate liquid or coolant.
  • FIG. 5B illustrates one variation of FIG. 5A .
  • the embodiment of FIG. 5B is the same at that shown in FIG. 5A with the exception that second modular member is modified (as indicated with reference numeral 104 ′) so that the portion of the second modular member outside and to the left side of pouch 122 is larger. That portion is indicated with reference numeral 121 and typically will have a width of at least 1 inch a more specifically in the range of range of 1 to 12 inches. A further seam 118 ′ also can be provided.
  • the ability to enlarge the overall dimension of the second modular member, while maintaining the configuration and dimension of pouch 122 unchanged facilitates using a single heat exchange device with many differently sized second modular members or sleeves to treat differently sized patients or different body portions.
  • another embodiment of the invention comprises a system for treatment of differently sized members.
  • the system includes a plurality of differently sized second modular members each having a pouch 122 of the same configuration and size and a plurality of first modular members 102 , each adapted to fit in any of the pouches or each being of the same size and configuration.
  • the second modular member can be selected based on the animate body portion being treated and combined with any one of the heat exchange devices.
  • Modular therapy apparatus 200 is the same as apparatus 100 with the exception that it is larger and its configuration is slightly modified so that it better adapted to from a sleeve around ones upper leg and knee as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B .
  • flap 220 which includes a hook portion that is hidden from view, is the same as flap 120 with the exception that it is larger and its configuration is slightly modified as shown in the drawings.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 another embodiment of the invention is shown and generally designated with reference numeral 300 .
  • apparatus 300 can be used, for example, to treat the core or torso of a human body.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates bottom plan views of the modular portions of apparatus 300 and
  • FIG. 11 illustrates top plan views of the modular portions of FIG. 10 .
  • Apparatus 300 comprises first modular member 302 and second modular member 304 .
  • First modular member 302 includes gas bladder 306 and fluid or coolant bladder 308 .
  • Bladders 306 and 308 form chambers 306 a and 308 a , respectively.
  • first modular member 302 is the same as first modular member 102 and can be made in the same manner, with the exception that a plurality of connections between the walls defining the modular member or air bladder 302 can be provided.
  • FIG. 12 which a sectional view of apparatus 300
  • a plurality of connections between the walls defining modular member or air bladder 302 can be provided as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,695,872 to Elkins, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein for all purposes by reference.
  • Such connections can minimize or eliminate undesirable ballooning when the bladder is pressurized.
  • the bladders are formed by RF welding (see e.g., FIG. 12 )
  • this is simply achieved by forming some of the connections normally provided in liquid bladder 308 , while sheet 350 is in place as will be described in more detail below.
  • connections are also formed in air bladder 306 , that is, these connections are both within the liquid bladder and in the air bladder. It appears functionally as if the desired connections provided in the liquid bladder are “telegraphed” also to appear in the air bladder. These connections in the two bladders, of course, register with one another.
  • the shape of gas pressure bladder 306 conforms to the shape of the heat exchange bladder 308 .
  • Fences or dividers in the heat exchange bladder to direct fluid flow can be also provided in the gas pressure bladder. These control fences are indicated by the reference numeral C in FIG. 12 . They can be provided in bladder 306 not only for the purpose of directing the flow of a liquid or gas, but also to secure the walls defining the gas pressure bladder together at various locations within the interior of such bladder. These connections provided by the fences C can prevent the gas bladder from “ballooning” out as described above and causing the temperature control liquid bladder not to conform to the body part. These fences register with the comparable fences in the liquid bladder.
  • sheets of material defining the walls 352 and 354 are RF welded together at the dot connections and if desired, at the interior fences.
  • the wall 350 is RF welded to the other walls at the perimeter of the bladder with any interior fences being formed as needed.
  • Such fences C will thereby be formed in both bladders providing the desired liquid flow directors in the liquid bladder and the connections in the air bladder. This RF welding will also form a common border for walls 350 , 352 , and 354 .
  • the inner fences construction also can be provided in the gas bladder of the embodiment of FIGS. 20-24 , which is described in detail below.
  • Second modular member 304 is the same as second modular member 104 with the exception that second modular member is differently configured and includes central portion 304 a , and straps or strap portions 304 b and 304 c . Strap portions 304 b and 304 c are secured to central portion 304 a as will be described in more detail below.
  • Second modular member central portion 304 a comprises an inner or front side portion 312 and an outer or back side portion 314 .
  • Central portion 304 a can be made from various materials and can comprise inner and outer sheets of material that are sewn or fused together as previously described in connection with member 104 and can include seam 316 which defines the perimeter of pouch 322 . Pouch 322 is adapted to receive first modular member 302 .
  • Strap portions 304 b and 304 c can comprise one or more layers of material. When more than one layer is used, the layers can be sewn or fused together as would be apparent to one skilled in the art.
  • Outer back side portion 314 of central portion 304 a has an opening 324 formed therein for receiving first modular member 302 as shown in FIG. 13A .
  • Any suitable fastening means can be used to close opening 124 .
  • zipper 327 can be provided along the sides of the opening ( FIGS. 13B & C).
  • Second modular member 304 also includes a fastener for holding the apparatus in the desired location on the animate body. Accordingly, when the apparatus is wrapped around a portion of or the entire region being treated, the fastener holds the apparatus in place during treatment. As in the embodiments described above, a hook and loop fastener is be used in this illustrative embodiment.
  • the loop material portion 328 of the hook and loop fastener can be integrally formed with or placed over essentially all of outer back side portion 314 of second modular member 304 . Therefore, the loop material portion can cover the outer back side surface of center portion 304 a , and strap portions 304 b and 304 c ( FIG. 11 ). Alternatively, a strip of loop material can be integrally formed with or placed over a portion or the entire length (measured from the upper to lower edge of member 304 ) adjacent the outer end of portion 304 c and along interface with center portion 304 a .
  • loop portion 328 is non-stretch material and can be made in the same manner as loop portion 128 as described above.
  • hook material portion of the hook and loop fastener that fastens the apparatus to the animate body is shown in FIG. 10 and generally designated with reference numeral 330 .
  • Hook portion 330 is positioned on the front side portion 312 of strap 304 b and can be in the form of a single strip that extends along the outer end portion of strap 304 b or it can be integrally formed with the front side portion of 304 b . It can extend about 50% to 100% of the length of strap 304 b .
  • hook portion can comprise a plurality of strips, which can be spaced from one another.
  • Hook material portions 330 also are provided along the inner end portions of straps 304 b and 304 c . These portions are shown in dashed line in FIG. 10 .
  • the active areas of the hook and loop fastener on the outer end portions straps 304 b and 304 c are outside the seam forming pouch 122 .
  • the hook and loop fastener that operates between the inner end portions of strap portions 304 b and 304 c and center portion 304 a facilitate removal of the strap portions. This, in turn, facilitates replacement of either or both straps or repositioning of the straps.
  • the straps can be portioned as shown in FIG. 13B , which may be preferred when treating the upper torso of a patient.
  • the straps can be removed and repositioned as shown in FIG. 13C , which may be preferred when treating the lower portion of the patient's torso.
  • FIGS. 14A-D diagrammatically depict use of the apparatus 300 where FIG. 14A show a first step in wrapping the apparatus around the waist or lower portion of the torso of a patient, FIG. 14B shows securing the apparatus in place, and FIG. 14C shows the apparatus being in its final position and ready for use.
  • FIG. 14D shows the apparatus with the straps repositioned and the apparatus being wrapped around the upper torso of the patient.
  • Modular therapy apparatus 400 can be used, for example, to treat an ankle and/or foot of a patient.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates top plan views of modular portions of apparatus 400 and
  • FIG. 17 illustrates bottom views of the modular portions of apparatus 400 .
  • Apparatus 400 comprises first modular member 402 and second modular member 404 .
  • First modular member 402 includes gas bladder 406 and fluid or coolant bladder 408 .
  • Bladders 406 and 408 form chambers 406 a and 408 a , respectively.
  • first modular member 402 is the same as first modular member 102 and can be made in the same manner.
  • Second modular member 404 is the same as second modular member 104 with the exception that second modular member is differently configured, has differently positioned hook portions and has heel alignment marker 405 . Accordingly, member 404 can be made from various materials and can comprise inner and outer sheets of material that are sewn or fused together as previously described in connection with member 104 and can include seam 416 , which in combination with seams 418 , defines the perimeter of pouch 422 . Pouch 422 is adapted to receive first modular member 402 .
  • Outer back side portion 414 has an opening 424 formed therein for receiving first modular member 402 as shown in FIG. 16 .
  • Zipper 427 can be provided along the sides of the opening ( FIG. 18C ).
  • Second modular member 404 also includes a fastener for holding the apparatus in the desired location on the animate body and can include the hook and loop fastener system described in connection with apparatus 100 .
  • the loop material portion 428 of the hook and loop fastener can be integrally formed with or placed over essentially all of outer back side portion 414 of second modular member 404 .
  • a strip of loop material can be integrally formed with or placed over a portion of back side portion 414 that would cooperate with the hook portions in accordance with FIGS. 17 and 19 A-C.
  • loop portion 428 is non-stretch material and can be made in the same manner as loop portion 128 as described above.
  • hook material portion of the hook and loop fastener that fastens the apparatus to the animate body is shown in FIG. 17 and generally designated with reference numeral 430 .
  • Hook portions 430 can have a width of about 4 inches.
  • the active areas of the hook and loop fastener are outside the seams forming pouch 422 , which can provide similar advantages to those described above regarding force resolution when the apparatus is under compression.
  • FIGS. 18A-C illustrate inserting the modular member 402 into modular member 404 .
  • FIG. 18A illustrates a first stage of inserting modular member 402 into modular member 404 .
  • FIG. 18B illustrates another stage portion into the other and
  • FIG. 18C illustrates member 402 fully inserted and zipper 327 closed.
  • FIGS. 19A-D illustrate use of the embodiment of FIG. 10 .
  • Flap V is wrapped over the foot and flap W secured thereto with hook portion 430 FIGS. 19A & B).
  • Flap X is wrapped around the ankle and leg and then flap Y is wrapped thereover and secured thereto with hook portion 430 ( FIG. 19C ).
  • Flap Z is then wrapped around the leg and over flap Y and secured thereto with hook portion 430 ( FIG. 19D ).
  • FIG. 20 another embodiment of the invention is shown and generally designated with reference numeral 500 .
  • Apparatus 500 can be used to treat the shoulder of a patient.
  • FIG. 21 illustrates top views of the modular members of the apparatus 500 and
  • FIG. 22 illustrates bottom views of the modular members shown in FIG. 21 .
  • Apparatus 500 comprises first modular member 502 and second modular member 504 .
  • First modular member 502 includes gas bladder 506 and fluid or coolant bladder 508 .
  • Bladders 506 and 508 form chambers 506 a and 508 a , respectively.
  • First modular member 502 is the same as first modular member 102 except for the configuration of modular member 502 , including flap portions 562 , and that it can include the inner fence construction described above in connection with the embodiment of FIGS. 10-14 .
  • Modular member 502 also differs from modular member 102 in that it includes a coupling mechanism for coupling these flap portions. More specifically, flap portions 562 are coupled to one another through elastic cord 560 , which is laced through holes formed in first modular member 502 . The elastic cord substantially maintains flaps 562 in the closed position shown in FIG. 21 when bladder 506 is inflated and fluid circulated through bladder 508 .
  • Second modular member 504 is the same as second modular member 104 with the exception that second modular member is differently configured and includes central portion 504 a , and straps or strap portions 504 b , 504 c , and 504 d . Strap portions 504 b, c & d are secured to central portion 504 a as will be described in more detail below.
  • Second modular member central portion 504 a comprises an inner or front side portion 512 and an outer or back side portion 514 .
  • the arm sling 540 can be coupled to second modular member 504 through a plurality of snap connectors “S” or any other suitable connector including but not limited to hook and loop fasteners.
  • Central portion 504 a can be made from various materials and can comprise inner and outer sheets of material that are sewn or fused together as previously described in connection with member 104 and can include seam 516 , which in combination seam 518 , define the perimeter of pouch 522 .
  • Pouch 522 is adapted to receive first modular member 502 .
  • Strap portions 504 b, c , and d can comprise one or more layers of material. When more than one layer is used, the layers can be sewn or fused together as would be apparent to one skilled in the art.
  • Outer back side portion 514 has an opening 524 formed therein for receiving first modular member 502 as shown in FIG. 16 .
  • Zipper 527 can be provided along the sides of the opening ( FIG. 18C ).
  • Second modular member 504 also includes a fastener for holding the apparatus in the desired location on the animate body and can include the hook and loop fastener system described in connection with apparatus 100 .
  • the loop material portion 528 of the hook and loop fastener can be integrally formed with or placed over essentially all of outer back side portion 514 of second modular member 504 .
  • a strip of loop material can be integrally formed with or placed over a portion of back side portion 514 that would cooperate with the hook portions described below.
  • loop portion 528 is non-stretch material and can be made in the same manner as loop portion 128 as described above.
  • the hook material portion of the hook and loop fastener that fastens the apparatus to the animate body and generally designated with reference numeral 530 .
  • the hook portion of strap portion 504 b can comprise two sections, each having a length extending along the length of the strap of about 4 or 5 inches. These sections can be spaced apart by about 1 inch to facilitate or improve flexibility of the end portion of the strap. In this manner, the strap can be readily folded to provide length adjustment for differently sized users.
  • the active areas of the hook portion of the hook and loop fastener are outside the seams forming pouch 522 , which can provide similar advantages to those described above regarding force resolution when the apparatus is under compression.
  • FIGS. 23A-D illustrate coupling the modular members 502 and 504 where FIG. 23A illustrates aligning modular member 502 with opening 524 in second modular member outer back side portion 514 .
  • FIGS. 23B and C show insertion of modular member 502 into modular member 504 and
  • FIG. 24D shows back side portion 514 closed and zipped up.
  • FIGS. 24A-D diagrammatically illustrate use of apparatus 500 where FIG. 24A shows a first stage in pulling the apparatus over the patient's arm and toward the patient's shoulder.
  • FIG. 24B illustrates positioning the apparatus over the shoulder of the patient and securing hook portions of straps 504 c and 504 d to portions of central portion 504 a which are constructed with loop material to secure apparatus 500 to the patient's arm. Strap 504 b is then pulled under the patient's other shoulder and a portion of its hook portion is ready to be fastened to the loop material of central portion 504 a ( FIG. 24C ).
  • FIG. 24C shows a first stage in pulling the apparatus over the patient's arm and toward the patient's shoulder.
  • FIG. 24B illustrates positioning the apparatus over the shoulder of the patient and securing hook portions of straps 504 c and 504 d to portions of central portion 504 a which are constructed with loop material to secure apparatus 500 to the patient's arm. Strap 504 b is then pulled under the patient
  • the end portion of strap 504 b is folded back along the space between hook portions 530 and secured in that position by tucking into a pocket designed to accept it. This facilitates shortening the strap for smaller patients.
  • the end portion of strap 504 b can be unfolded to extend the length of the strap for larger patients as shown in FIG. 24D .
  • FIG. 24D also shows optional strap 640 , which can be used to hold up the lower arm of the patient.
  • Strap 540 can have a hook portion on one end and snaps at the opposite end so that the hook portion can be fastened to loop material the outer side portion 514 or second modular member 504 and the snaps can be fastened to the snaps on modular portion 504 .
  • FIG. 25 a further embodiment of the invention is shown and generally designated with reference numeral 600 .
  • Apparatus 600 is especially suited for equine applications.
  • apparatus 600 is shown wrapped around at horse's leg.
  • the therapy fluids are delivered though the hose 601 , which has one end coupled to apparatus 600 through manifold 110 and its other end coupled to a therapy fluid circulation control unit such as control unit 160 .
  • conduit 601 can have three channels for fluid flow (e.g., two for liquid or gas coolant and one for gas).
  • conduit 601 is directly fluidly coupled to a fluid circulation control unit.
  • a Y-connector can be provided as shown in FIG. 25 .
  • One such Y-connector is diagrammatically shown and indicated with reference numeral 603 .
  • another conduit such as conduit 605 fluidly couples the Y-connector 603 with the circulation control unit (not shown).
  • the Y-connector facilitates fluidly coupling each conduit 601 , which is fluidly coupled to a respective apparatus 600 through a manifold 110 , to the circulation control unit so that a plurality of legs (i.e., 2) can be treated at the same time.
  • FIG. 26 illustrates bottom plan views of modular portions of apparatus 600 and FIG. 17 illustrates top views of the modular portions of apparatus 600 .
  • Apparatus 600 comprises first modular member 602 and second modular member 604 .
  • First modular member 602 includes gas bladder 606 and fluid or coolant bladder 608 .
  • Bladders 606 and 608 form chambers 606 a and 608 a , respectively.
  • first modular member 602 is the same as first modular member 102 and can be made in the same manner.
  • Second modular member 604 is the same as second modular member 104 with the exception that second modular member is differently configured including differently configured hook portions 630 . Accordingly, member 604 can be made from various materials and can comprise inner and outer sheets of material that are sewn or fused together as previously described in connection with member 104 and can include seam 616 , which defines the perimeter of pouch 622 . Pouch 622 is adapted to receive first modular member 602 . Inner side portion 612 is placed against the portion of the body being treated and outer back side portion 614 has an opening formed therein for receiving first modular member 602 . The opening is shown closed with zipper 627 in FIG. 27 .
  • Second modular member 604 also includes a fastener for holding the apparatus in the desired location on the animate body and can include the hook and loop fastener system described in connection with apparatus 100 .
  • the loop material portion 628 of the hook and loop fastener can be integrally formed with or placed over essentially all of outer back side portion 614 of second modular member 604 . Alternatively, it can be integrally formed with or placed over the right portion of zipper 627 or the side of zipper 627 opposite flaps 620 .
  • loop portion 628 is non-stretch material and can be made in the same manner as loop portion 128 as described above.
  • hook material portion(s) of the hook and loop fastener that fastens the apparatus to the animate body is shown in FIG. 26 and generally designated with reference numeral 630 .
  • Hook portions are integrally formed with or secured to flaps 620 , which extend outward form seam 618 .
  • Hook portions 630 are can have a width of about 3 inches and a length of about 12 to 30 inches.
  • any of apparatus 200 , 300 , 400 , 500 , and 600 can be provided with differently sized second modular members, but with same sized pouches and same sized first modular members to facilitate component interchangeability in a manner similar to that described in connection with FIG. 5B .
  • a therapy wrap in accordance with various aspects of the invention includes a variable insulating layer.
  • “Variable insulating” generally refers to providing an insulating element in targeted locations and/or providing a variable thermal resistivity along the wrap.
  • the insulating layer may improve the performance of the wrap by, among other things, compensating for the temperature delta and protecting the body part in selected areas.
  • the insulating layer may also serve to reduce the temperature delta by insulating a portion of the flowpath from heat loss.
  • the illustrated apparatus is a therapy wrap, generally designated 800 a , for providing temperature-controlled therapy to an anatomical body part.
  • wrap 800 a Various aspects of wrap 800 a are similar to the apparatus described above.
  • the body is a mammalian body, and preferably a human body.
  • the wrap may be used on a knee, an elbow, a shoulder, a leg, and arm, and more.
  • Wrap 800 a includes a fluid bladder 808 and one or more thermal insulating members 880 .
  • the fluid bladder includes an inlet 860 and outlet 862 .
  • a heat exchanging fluid from a reservoir is introduced to the bladder through the inlet, typically using a pump.
  • Exemplary outlet 862 is connected to the reservoir so fluid is returned and recirculated.
  • the insulating members are attached to one side of the fluid bladder.
  • Fluid bladder 808 is configured and constructed similar to fluid bladder 108 described above and shown in FIGS. 3 , 6 , and 12 , and includes one or more fluidic channels 865 connecting the inlet and the outlet. As described above and shown, for example, in FIGS. 3 and 3A , the fluid flowpath may be defined by a number of walls, fences, and the like.
  • FIG. 28 illustrates the overlay of insulating members 880 and fluid bladder 808 .
  • the exemplary wrap includes two regions with insulating members 880 .
  • a first region is in the inlet area (colder fluid) adjacent inlet 860 and includes heavier insulation.
  • a second region is positioned near the outlet area (warmer fluid) near the warmer return fluid channel leading to outlet 862 and does not include any insulation.
  • the wrap includes medium insulation—less than the first region.
  • the insulating member in the first region (inlet) is thicker, thereby reducing the heat transfer rate in that region.
  • the insulating members when the insulating members are affixed to the bladder, the insulating members are positioned along fluidic channel 865 , and consequently the fluid flowpath.
  • the insulating members are generally positioned in regions lying within the respective fluidic channels.
  • the insulating members are separated from each other.
  • two or more insulating members are contiguous but separate elements.
  • Fluid channel is to be understood as generally used in the art.
  • “fluidic channel” refers to the fluid pathway defined by the walls, fences, weld lines, dots, and the like.
  • the channel width is generally designated “W”.
  • “Fluidic channel” may refer to the entire pathway from wall-to-wall or a space in between in a width direction.
  • the channel width may extend from a wall to a region between the walls, designated W′, or entirely within a space between the walls, designated W′′.
  • each of the insulating members are dimensioned to correspond to a respective one or more fluidic channels.
  • the insulating members are positioned in a pattern corresponding to a flowpath defined by one or more fluidic channels.
  • the illustrated wrap includes a serpentine shaped flowpath and the insulating members have a corresponding pattern.
  • the exemplary insulating members are positioned entirely within the width of the fluidic channel.
  • the wrap may also include one or more insulating members positioned independently of the fluidic channels.
  • FIG. 29 illustrates another wrap 800 b having a single insulating member 880 b positioned directly adjacent inlet 860 and extending along a fluidic channel 865 from the inlet.
  • the exemplary insulating member is contiguous with the inlet along one edge and extends into the fluidic channel at an opposite end.
  • the wrap including the insulating members is used in a similar manner to the wrap and therapy systems described above.
  • a user applies the wrap similar to the non-variable insulating wrap shown, for example, at least in FIGS. 7C , 9 B, 14 D, 15 , 24 D, and 25 .
  • the wrap is connected to a reservoir, pump, and other system components.
  • the user turns on the system to flow fluid to the wrap for therapy.
  • the fluid is returned to the reservoir from the wrap outlet and recirculated.
  • the variable insulating wrap allows for greater flexibility and improved performance.
  • the lowest temperature of the fluid is generally at the inlet where the fluid from the reservoir first enters the bladder.
  • the fluid starts to warm as it exchanges (receives) heat from the body part.
  • the insulating member extends downstream from the inlet, a key feature of the exemplary insulating member is the fact that the insulating member starts at the inlet where the fluid is coldest. Accordingly, the insulating member provides an insulating effect in the region where the fluid is coldest. This provides several benefits. For one, the body part is thermally shielded from the fluid in the region of the lowest temperature. This reduces the likelihood of frost bite or cold burn. Second, the insulating member generally increases patient comfort.
  • the temperature delta in the wrap may be large, the heat exchange in the inlet region is generally reduced, essentially equilibrating or normalizing the heat transfer. In turn, the “feel” of the wrap is more comfortable in the inlet region. Alternatively, the inlet temperature may be decreased while maintaining the same “feel” in the inlet region for the user. In various aspects, the variable insulating layer compensates for the temperature delta such that the surface temperature is consistent or at least “feels” consistent to the user.
  • Insulating member 880 may be modified and varied using conventional techniques as would be understood from the description herein.
  • FIGS. 30 and 31 illustrate cross-sections of exemplary insulating members 880 and generally correspond to the wrap of FIG. 29 .
  • the exemplary wrap 800 a includes fluid bladder 808 , one or more insulating members 880 , and an expandable air bladder 806 for applying a compressive force.
  • the wrap is shown in the treatment position adjacent a body part 801 .
  • the insulating effect of the insulating member is modified by adjusting the thickness of the respective members.
  • a first insulating member 880 b ′ has a maximum thickness t 1 and tapers to a thickness t 2 .
  • a second insulating member 880 b ′′ has substantially uniform thickness.
  • the thickness in the second region is essentially the same as the minimum thickness of the first region, namely, t 2 .
  • the bladder has little or no insulating member. All things otherwise being the same, the overall coefficient of heat transfer is reduced moving from the first region to the third region. In other words, the rate of heat transfer in the first region will be slower than the rate of heat transfer in the second region.
  • the insulating members may be modified in other ways such as by stacking layers of material to increase the thickness.
  • Suitable materials for the insulating member include, but are not limited to, a foam, a plastic, a fibrous material, and other insulating materials known in the art.
  • the insulating member may be composed of a fabric, spray-on rubber (e.g., poly(urethane)), glass fibers, and more.
  • the insulating member may also include structures and configurations for controlled insulating effect.
  • a housing may be provided that encloses a defined volume of gas (e.g. air) of a known thermal resistance.
  • the insulating member may comprise a bladder filled with a thermo-resistive gel with a predetermined thermal resistance value.
  • the insulating member is configured and selected to compensate for a temperature delta in the wrap and/or fluid temperature in the respective portion of the fluid channel.
  • the insulating member is configured or selected to have a predetermined overall coefficient of heat transfer.
  • the insulating member may be selected based on the material properties including, but not limited to, thermal resistance (R-value). Generally, the material properties, dimensions, and configuration are adjusted to provide the desired insulating of the wrap at the desired location and/or a variable amount of insulating.
  • FIG. 31 illustrates an exemplary wrap including a single structure 880 ′ in lieu of multiple insulating members 880 .
  • the structure 880 ′ is composed of different materials having different coefficients of heat transfer.
  • the structure of FIG. 31 thus includes a monolithic element that mimics the multiple insulating members with zones of varying thermal resistivity. In this way, the structure provides different overall heat transfer rates in different locations in spite of the generally uniform thickness and structure.
  • the wrap may include two or more separate but adjacent insulating members of equal thickness but different coefficients of heat transfer to achieve the desired variable insulating effect.
  • FIGS. 32-35 the shapes and positions of the insulating members may be modified depending on the application.
  • FIG. 32 illustrates a wrap with an insulating member 880 extending further in the axial direction away from the inlet. In use, the patient would generally be subjected to a lower maximum cold temperature.
  • the wraps of FIGS. 33-35 include the insulating member of FIG. 32 and additional insulating members 880 ′ and 880 ′′.
  • an insulating member 880 ′′ is provided at an edge of the wrap opposite inlet 860 and outlet 862 .
  • a third insulating member 880 ′′′ is provided adjacent the outlet.
  • the wrap of FIG. 35 includes insulating members 880 , 880 ′, and 880 ′′.
  • Insulating member 880 ′′ extends along a fluidic channel between the inlet and outlet and has a diamond-shape.
  • 880 ′′ provides thermal insulation in an area where therapy is not desirable either for medical or patient-controlled reasons.
  • the location of member 880 ′′ may correspond to a bone area on the body part or an area where there is no tissue to be treated.
  • the patient may have a “tender” area or some other reason for desiring greater thermal insulation in a particular spot.
  • the insulating members are generally shown as being polygonal, one will appreciate that other shapes may be utilized.
  • variable insulating wrap The method of making and assembling the variable insulating wrap above will now be described.
  • the wrap may be manufactured using the techniques described above and known in the art in accordance with the description herein.
  • FIG. 36 illustrates a cross-section of a wrap 800 c similar to wrap 800 b of FIG. 29 .
  • the exemplary wrap includes an inlet, outlet, and additional port on a top side, one will appreciate that the location and configuration of the ports can be modified.
  • the ports can be provided at one end of the sleeve in a vertical arrangement corresponding to the arrangement of the fluid bladder and compression bladder.
  • the wrap includes a bladder 808 c and compression bladder 806 c .
  • Bladder 808 c and compression bladder 806 c are fitted within a sleeve body 872 .
  • the sleeve includes a connector 867 for quick and easy connection of fluid inlet 860 c , fluid outlet 862 c , and a port 870 to compression bladder 806 c .
  • the sleeve is similar in many respects to temperature therapy pads described above.
  • the illustrated sleeve is composed of nylon on one side and a loop material (e.g. pile) on an opposite side.
  • an insulating layer 880 c ′ is positioned on the bladder. In a thickness direction, the insulating layer is sandwiched between the fluid bladder 808 c and an inner surface of sleeve body 872 . On an opposite side, the compression bladder is sandwiched between the fluid bladder and the sleeve body.
  • the exemplary insulating layer includes a substrate 874 c supporting an insulating member 880 c .
  • the substrate and insulating member may be joined together permanently, removable, or otherwise separate.
  • the substrate dimensions correspond to the bladder periphery.
  • the substrate is dimensioned to be applied over the bladder whereby the insulation member aligns with the desired fluidic channels.
  • the substrate and bladder fit snugly within the sleeve 872 .
  • the illustrated wrap is thus assembled by inserting insulating layer 880 c ′ into the sleeve 872 adjacent the bladder 808 c.
  • the insulating member is bonded to the bladder with an adhesive.
  • the insulation member may be attached to the bladder in other manner. In some cases, the insulation is not attached to the bladder at all.
  • the sleeve may be elastomeric with an abrasive inner surface such that the insulation member is held in a desired location with respect to the bladder without bonding and the like.
  • the one or more insulating members are integrally formed in insulating layer 880 c ′.
  • the insulating layer is monolithically formed in essentially one step.
  • the insulating layer may be formed by blow molding whereby the insulating members are formed essentially simultaneously.
  • the insulating members may also be separately formed and thereafter joined to the substrate.
  • the insulating layer and/or insulating member may be formed concurrently with the bladder.
  • Other manufacturing techniques include, but are not limited to, spraying, molding, silk screening, and adhesives.
  • manufacturing techniques common in the polymer and semiconductor fields may also be used such as etching, deposition, and lithography. Further details regarding the components and manufacturing techniques that may be used are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,198,093 to Elkins, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein for all purposes.
  • FIGS. 37A , 37 B, and 38 illustrate another wrap configuration whereby an insulating sleeve 872 d is configured to receive a bladder 808 d in a pocket 820 .
  • Pocket 820 is similar in some respects to pouch 122 and the openings described above and shown in FIGS. 1-4 .
  • sleeve 872 d includes integrated insulating members 880 d.
  • the wrap 800 d is assembled by inserting the bladder into the sleeve 872 d .
  • the sleeve, sleeve pocket, and bladder have corresponding shapes and dimensions such that the bladder is automatically aligned in the sleeve when inserted into the pocket.
  • the wrap 800 e may include another insulating member 880 e positioned in a desired location on the wrap.
  • the wrap is customized based on a user's preferences.
  • the location of the insulating member 880 e does not necessarily correspond to a fluidic channel location 865 e (shown in FIG. 37B ). Rather, the location of insulating member 880 e corresponds to a location where a user does not want therapy.
  • a bladder 808 e having a desired variable insulating member pattern into the insulating sleeve.
  • the insulating members may be formed and attached to the sleeve using techniques similar to those described above and shown at least in FIGS. 4 , 10 , 13 A, 16 , and 23 B.
  • the wrap is assembled by providing a plurality of insulating sleeves, each with a pouch adapted to receive a bladder, selecting one of the insulating sleeves, and inserting the bladder into the sleeve.
  • the plurality of sleeves may be dimensioned the same but include different insulating member patterns.
  • a user may select a desired sleeve based on the variable insulating member pattern and then assemble the wrap by inserting a standard bladder.
  • the user may further customize the wrap by inserting, removing, and/or modifying insulating members.
  • the bladder may be configured to receive a selected one of a set of insulating layers having one or more insulating members.
  • FIG. 39 illustrates another wrap foamed by applying an insulating layer 880 f ′ having a number of insulating members 880 f to a fluid pad 810 .
  • the fluid pad is a conventional pad similar in various respects to the pad described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,117,164 to Gildersleeve et al., the entire contents of which is incorporated herein for all purposes by this reference.
  • pad 810 is designed to carry a heat exchanging fluid only.
  • the pad does not include a compression device for applying a compressive force. Instead, the device is coupled to the body part with a hook and loop fastener.
  • the exemplary fluid pad is a designed to fit over a knee or shoulder.
  • the pad includes a fluidic channel 865 f for promoting a desired flow even during joint flexure.
  • the fluid channel and pad are dimensioned and configured to provide kink resistance during flexure.
  • pad 810 includes a central portion intended to be positioned over a joint.
  • the exemplary wrap includes two insulating members in the central region. Thus, the cooling is isolated to the tissue around the joint bone.
  • the insulating layer may be a separately-formed, independent member for use with a variety of temperature-controlled therapy systems in accordance with the invention.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
US12/910,743 2009-10-22 2010-10-22 Therapeutic wrap Abandoned US20110098792A1 (en)

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US25406409P 2009-10-22 2009-10-22
US12/910,743 US20110098792A1 (en) 2009-10-22 2010-10-22 Therapeutic wrap

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US12/910,772 Active 2032-01-13 US8715330B2 (en) 2009-10-22 2010-10-22 Temperature and flow control methods in a thermal therapy device
US14/270,258 Active 2033-05-07 US9943437B2 (en) 2009-10-22 2014-05-05 Temperature and flow control methods in a thermal therapy device
US15/927,937 Abandoned US20180207025A1 (en) 2009-10-22 2018-03-21 Temperature and flow control methods in a thermal therapy device

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US14/270,258 Active 2033-05-07 US9943437B2 (en) 2009-10-22 2014-05-05 Temperature and flow control methods in a thermal therapy device
US15/927,937 Abandoned US20180207025A1 (en) 2009-10-22 2018-03-21 Temperature and flow control methods in a thermal therapy device

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EP (5) EP2937065B1 (zh)
CN (3) CN102711682B (zh)
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US20110098793A1 (en) 2011-04-28
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US9943437B2 (en) 2018-04-17
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EP2937065A2 (en) 2015-10-28
CN102711683A (zh) 2012-10-03
EP2937065B1 (en) 2017-12-27
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CA2779305A1 (en) 2011-04-28
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ES2543471T3 (es) 2015-08-19

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