US20110024441A1 - Automatic dispenser - Google Patents

Automatic dispenser Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110024441A1
US20110024441A1 US12/735,959 US73595908A US2011024441A1 US 20110024441 A1 US20110024441 A1 US 20110024441A1 US 73595908 A US73595908 A US 73595908A US 2011024441 A1 US2011024441 A1 US 2011024441A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
geared motor
automatic dispenser
dispenser
sensor
magnet
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Abandoned
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US12/735,959
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English (en)
Inventor
Adriano Marin
Andrea Benetello
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CROSS TECHNOLOGY Srl
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CROSS TECHNOLOGY Srl
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Application filed by CROSS TECHNOLOGY Srl filed Critical CROSS TECHNOLOGY Srl
Assigned to CROSS TECHNOLOGY S.R.L. reassignment CROSS TECHNOLOGY S.R.L. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BENETELLO, ANDREA, MARIN, ADRIANO
Publication of US20110024441A1 publication Critical patent/US20110024441A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F11/00—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles
    • G07F11/02—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines
    • G07F11/38—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines in which the magazines are horizontal
    • G07F11/42—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines in which the magazines are horizontal the articles being delivered by motor-driven means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic dispenser.
  • a typical application of the present invention is the field of articles automatic dispensers that are commonly called “vending machines” are used for dispensing, upon payment, various types of products, in particular foods and beverages.
  • the present description will refer in particular to the field of articles dispensers, even though the present invention is not limited to such an application.
  • Articles automatic dispensers equipped with an articles ejection assembly are currently available on the market; said assembly comprises at least a “geared motor” (i.e. a unit incorporating an electric motor and a motion reduction mechanism), a metal spiral fitted to the output shaft of the geared motor, a cylindrical element fitted to the output shaft of the geared motor, and a microswitch arranged close to the cylindrical element.
  • a “geared motor” i.e. a unit incorporating an electric motor and a motion reduction mechanism
  • the articles to be dispensed are inserted between the coils of the metal spiral and generally consist of bottles or packaged snacks; as the spiral makes one full revolution, all products advance axially by a distance corresponding to the spiral pitch, and the article which arrives at the free end of the spiral thus becomes ready to be dispensed, for example, by letting it fall by gravity into a collection cavity.
  • FIG. 1 An ejection device like the one described above is shown schematically in FIG. 1 , wherein 1 is the geared motor ( 10 being the external housing thereof), 11 is the output shaft thereof having an axis of rotation 11 A, 2 is the spiral, 3 is the cylindrical element, and 4 is the microswitch ( 40 being the external housing thereof); the cylindrical element 3 and the microswitch 4 are shown in more detail in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 in two different reciprocal positions.
  • the cylindrical element 3 has a radial recess 31 ; the microswitch 4 is arranged close to the cylindrical element 3 in a manner such that, when the shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 is rotating, the actuator 41 of the microswitch 4 is pressed and released cyclically by the cylindrical element 3 ; the microswitch 4 is held pressed ( FIG. 3 ) for almost one full revolution and is then released ( FIG. 2 ) for a short time; by detecting the opening and closing actions of the microswitch 4 it is possible to control the geared motor 1 and obtain the delivery of one article at a time.
  • This microswitch-based electromechanical solution has been used in “vending machines” for a long time.
  • a first drawback of such a solution is that the microswitch may bounce back to some extent when abruptly pressed and released, thus causing wrong detections of the rotation of the geared motor and therefore of the advance of the articles, hence leading to article delivery problems.
  • a second drawback of such a solution is that the ejection assembly sometimes gets stalled or braked due to an anomalous positioning of the articles to be delivered; such anomalous positioning may occur when the articles are being loaded into the dispenser or, more often, during the operation of the dispenser, in particular during the actuation of the ejection assembly; this causes article delivery problems as well as damage to the electric motor of the geared motor, which is stalled or braked just when power is being supplied to it—this anomalous condition of the electric motor may cause even worse material and personal damage.
  • the present invention is based on the innovative concept of detecting the mechanic operation of the ejection device through a magnetic sensor and the electric operation of the ejection device through an overcurrent protection device.
  • the present invention advantageously employs at least one magnet (preferably two or three magnets) mechanically associated with the output shaft of the geared motor, and a Hall effect sensor as well as a PPTC [Polymeric Positive Temperature Coefficient, i.e. a particular type of PTC] connected electrically upstream of the geared motor.
  • a magnet preferably two or three magnets
  • PPTC Polymeric Positive Temperature Coefficient, i.e. a particular type of PTC
  • a different type of magnetic proximity sensor may be used: for instance, a Reed contact sensor or an inductive sensor.
  • a different type of overcurrent protection device may be used: for example, a fuse (electric fuse, thermal fuse, . . . ) or a magnetic switch (magnetothermal switch, relay, . . . ) or a thermal switch (with a bimetallic foil) or a traditional PTC.
  • a fuse electric fuse, thermal fuse, . . .
  • a magnetic switch magnetothermal switch, relay, . . .
  • a thermal switch with a bimetallic foil
  • the detection of the movement of the ejection device becomes simple, accurate and reliable; it follows that the automatic dispenser can determine accurately and reliably if an article, for example, has been delivered correctly in a manner substantially independent of the weight and size of the article itself, while preparing itself accurately and reliably for the next delivery operation as well.
  • the automatic dispenser can determine if the electric motor of the geared motor of the ejection assembly is operating in proper conditions, and therefore if delivery can continue regularly.
  • a first important advantage offered by the present invention is that it does not require the presence of long, complex and awkward wirings inside the vending machine.
  • a second important advantage offered by the present invention is that, should anomalous electric conditions arise, the operation of the ejection device will be automatically stopped electrically; also, when a PPTC (which is a resettable device) is used, the operation of the ejection device can be restored simply by switching off and on the power to the ejection assembly (in particular to the geared motor) without having to replace any component.
  • a PPTC which is a resettable device
  • a third important advantage offered by the present invention is that the overcurrent protection device provides protection against anomalous electric conditions due not only to the electric motor of the geared motor getting stalled or braked, but also to any anomalous absorption of electric current (e.g. short circuits).
  • the present invention applies to articles dispensers, in particular for foods and/or beverages, as well as to doses dispensers, in particular for powder material (e.g. powder coffee) or granulated material (e.g. granulated coffee or combustible pellets).
  • powder material e.g. powder coffee
  • granulated material e.g. granulated coffee or combustible pellets
  • FIG. 1 shows a much simplified mechanic diagram of an article ejection assembly according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cylindrical element and a microswitch according to the prior art, in a first reciprocal position
  • FIG. 3 shows a cylindrical element and a microswitch according to the prior art, in a second reciprocal position
  • FIG. 4 shows a cylindrical element and a magnetic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a first reciprocal position
  • FIG. 5 shows a cylindrical element and a magnetic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a second reciprocal position
  • FIG. 6 shows a cylindrical element and a magnetic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a third reciprocal position
  • FIG. 7 shows a cylindrical element and a magnetic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, in a fourth reciprocal position
  • FIG. 8 is a simplified mechanic/electric diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 As well as to FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 .
  • the automatic dispenser according to the present invention is equipped with an ejection assembly; said assembly comprises at least:
  • detection means ( 3 and 5 combined together in FIG. 1 ) configured to detect the movement of the ejection device ( 2 in FIG. 1 ); the detection means comprise:
  • At least one magnet ( 32 and/or 33 in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 ) associated with the output shaft ( 11 in FIG. 1 ) of the geared motor ( 1 in FIG. 1 ),
  • At least one magnetic sensor ( 5 in FIG. 1 ) positioned in a manner such as to detect when said at least one magnet ( 32 and/or 33 in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 ) passes through a predetermined region ( 51 A in FIG. 1 ),
  • an overcurrent protection device ( 8 in FIG. 8 ) connected electrically upstream of said geared motor ( 1 in FIG. 8 ).
  • the detection of the movement of the ejection device is simple, accurate and reliable; it follows that the automatic dispenser can determine accurately and reliably if an article has been delivered correctly in a manner substantially independent of the weight and size of the article itself, while preparing itself accurately and reliably for the next delivery operation as well.
  • An important advantage offered by the present invention is that it does not require the presence of long, complex and awkward wirings inside the vending machine.
  • the automatic dispenser can determine if the electric motor of the geared motor of the ejection assembly is operating in proper conditions, and therefore if delivery can continue regularly.
  • An important advantage offered by the present invention is that, should anomalous electric conditions arise, the operation of the ejection device will be automatically stopped electrically; also, another important advantage of the present invention is that the overcurrent protection device provides protection against anomalous electric conditions due not only to the electric motor of the geared motor getting stalled or braked, but also to any anomalous absorption of electric current (e.g. short circuits).
  • the overcurrent protection device is preferably a PPTC; as a matter of fact, said component increases very much its resistance quickly when a current above a predetermined threshold flows through it, and then such high resistance is maintained until power is cut off; the thermal inertia of the PPTC is sufficient to prevent any short current peaks from cutting off the power supply to the geared motor, in the absence of any dangerous conditions.
  • the ejection device is a metal spiral 2 fitted to the output shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 through a flange 6 .
  • the magnetic sensor 5 is connected electrically to an electronic control unit 7 configured to, among other things, control the rotation of the geared motor 1 and cause the articles to be delivered.
  • the magnetic sensor 5 comprises a small electronic board 50 and a Hall effect sensor 51 fitted to the board 50 (as can be seen only in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 ); the sensor 51 has a detection region 51 A within which the sensor 51 can detect a magnetic field.
  • two magnets 32 and 33 are associated with the output shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 (as can be seen only in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 ); the magnets 32 and 33 are arranged in a manner such as to pass through the detection region 51 A of the sensor 51 when the geared motor 1 is rotating.
  • no magnet is within the detection region 51 A of the sensor 51
  • in FIG. 5 the magnet 32 is within the detection region 51 A of the sensor 51
  • in FIG. 6 no magnet is within the detection region 51 A of the sensor 51
  • in FIG. 7 the magnet 33 is within the detection region 51 A of the sensor 51 .
  • the two magnets 32 and 33 are located at such a distance as to form an angle between 30° and 90° with the axis 11 A of the shaft 11 (as can be seen only in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 ); in particular, said angle is approximately 45°.
  • the geared motor 1 is configured to rotate in both directions and to reverse its direction of rotation; as a consequence, this also applies to the shaft 11 and to the device 2 ; it should be noted that the direction of rotation associated with the normal operation of the ejection assembly is indicated in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 .
  • the reversal of the direction of rotation lasts for a short time and can be controlled by using the two magnets 32 and 33 ; in fact, between two successive detections of the magnet 32 or magnet 33 by the sensor 51 the shaft 11 and the device 2 make one revolution, whereas between the detection of the magnet 32 and the detection of the magnet 33 the shaft 11 and the device 2 make only a small portion of a revolution, in particular about one eighth of a revolution.
  • the article ejection assembly may operate as follows.
  • the dispenser receives a request for an article by a user and causes the articles ejection device 2 to make one full revolution by means of the geared motor 1 ; the rotation of the geared motor 1 takes place in the time interval between two successive detections of the magnet 32 ; if the dispenser realizes that the article has not been delivered, it will reverse the direction of rotation of the geared motor 1 for a time interval between the detection of the magnet 32 and the detection of the magnet 33 , and then it will reverse the direction of rotation of the geared motor 1 again for a time interval between the detection of the magnet 33 and the detection of the magnet 32 ; such a sequence of two consecutive reversals may even be repeated several times; it may also be provided that, if the article is still not delivered after three repetitions, for example, the dispenser will generate a visual and/or audible error signal.
  • the dispenser can be made to operate as described above under the control of the electronic control unit 7 , in particular thanks to a program of a microcontroller internal to the unit 7 .
  • a third magnet associated with the output shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 may additionally be employed, arranged in such a position as to pass through the detection region 51 A when the geared motor 1 is rotating; in this case, the third magnet is located at such a distance from one of said two magnets 32 and 33 as to form an angle of approximately 180° with the axis 11 A of said shaft 11 ; thus the unit 7 can detect half-turn rotations of the shaft 11 and of the device 2 .
  • FIG. 1 there is a cylindrical element 3 , which may alternatively be a prismatic one, fitted either directly or indirectly to the output shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 ; the magnets 32 and 33 are secured onto or within said element 3 ; this fixing may be realized through only or also the use of glue.
  • a cylindrical element 3 which may alternatively be a prismatic one, fitted either directly or indirectly to the output shaft 11 of the geared motor 1 ; the magnets 32 and 33 are secured onto or within said element 3 ; this fixing may be realized through only or also the use of glue.
  • the present invention is also applicable to doses dispensers, in particular for powder material (e.g. powder coffee) or granulated material (e.g. granulated coffee or combustible pellets).
  • powder material e.g. powder coffee
  • granulated material e.g. granulated coffee or combustible pellets
  • a doses ejection assembly suitable for this application may be, for example, similar to the one shown in FIG. 1 , provided that the spiral is replaced with a screw; the (rotary) screw is used for creating and ejecting the doses.
  • jamming problems e.g. jammed pellets or coffee grains
  • problems of incorrect or irregular dose ejection e.g. due to powder of the material to be delivered getting compacted/cemented in the screw.
  • FIG. 8 shows the geared motor 1 and an electric drive circuitry 71 connected electrically to each other by means of at least two electric conductors C 1 and C 2 ; the geared motor thus receives the electric power it needs to operate from the circuitry 71 through the conductors C 1 and C 2 .
  • the circuitry 71 is arranged at a first end E 1 of the conductors C 1 and C 2 , and belongs to the electronic control unit 7 .
  • the geared motor 1 (which comprises a direct current electric motor) is arranged at a second end E 2 of the conductors C 1 and C 2 , together with the magnetic sensor 51 (which is a Hall effect sensor) and an overcurrent protection device 8 (which is a PPTC); the output signal of the sensor 51 then arrives at the unit 7 (this is not shown in FIG. 8 ).
  • the circuitry 9 for supplying power to the geared motor 1 and to the sensor 51 ;
  • the circuitry 9 comprises a sub-circuitry 91 for supplying power to the geared motor 1 and a sub-circuitry 92 for supplying power to the sensor 51 ;
  • the sub-circuitry 91 may comprise, for example, a diode (connected along the conductor C 1 ) or a diode bridge, and possibly a capacitor (connected across the conductors C 1 and C 2 );
  • the sub-circuitry 92 may comprise, for example, a series connection of a resistor and a Zener diode whose intermediate tap is used for supplying power to the sensor 51 .
  • the device 8 is placed first across the conductors C 1 and C 2 , followed by the circuitry 9 and the geared motor 1 .
  • the operation of the PPTC is detected by the dispenser (e.g. by its electronic control unit) and that the dispenser itself generates a visual and/or audible error signal.
  • the geared motor 1 is a unit incorporating an electric motor and a motion reduction mechanism; according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the geared motor comprises a direct current electric motor, which is small and inexpensive; as an alternative to the direct current motor (but less advantageously), a synchronous motor, an asynchronous motor or a brushless motor may be used instead.
  • the component combination of the example shown in FIG. 8 (PPTC, Hall effect sensor, direct current electric motor) and the spatial grouping of said components (forming a single electromechanical component) represents an optimal solution especially for (without being limited to) applications in the field of vending machines; in fact, this is a functionally complete, effective and low-cost solution.
US12/735,959 2008-02-25 2008-12-22 Automatic dispenser Abandoned US20110024441A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2008U000073 2008-02-25
IT000073U ITMI20080073U1 (it) 2008-02-25 2008-02-25 Distributore automatico
PCT/IB2008/003571 WO2009106925A1 (en) 2008-02-25 2008-12-22 Automatic dispenser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110024441A1 true US20110024441A1 (en) 2011-02-03

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ID=40292221

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US12/735,959 Abandoned US20110024441A1 (en) 2008-02-25 2008-12-22 Automatic dispenser

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US20110024441A1 (es)
EP (1) EP2260475B1 (es)
CN (1) CN201413545Y (es)
DE (1) DE202009002566U1 (es)
ES (1) ES1070335Y (es)
FR (1) FR2927787B3 (es)
IT (1) ITMI20080073U1 (es)
WO (1) WO2009106925A1 (es)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8397948B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2013-03-19 Brookstone Purchasing, Inc. Dispensing device for edible goods and/or novelties
US20160282138A1 (en) * 2013-12-13 2016-09-29 Hirschmann Automation And Control Gmbh Surge-protected sensor
US9640014B2 (en) 2011-01-04 2017-05-02 Fawn Engineering Corporation Vending machine with elevator delivery of vended product to customer access
US9761078B1 (en) * 2016-06-01 2017-09-12 David Alan Schuck Vending machine remote sensing of contents apparatus
US9870671B1 (en) 2014-04-07 2018-01-16 Fawn Engineering Corporation Mechanical lift for delivery bins in vending machines
US20180184989A1 (en) * 2016-12-30 2018-07-05 Carestream Health, Inc. Method for cephalometric analysis
US20190122479A1 (en) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-25 Nidec Motor Corporation Drive system for vending machine
US20200397662A1 (en) * 2017-12-15 2020-12-24 Ondosis Ab Delivery device for drug pellets

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20130286U1 (it) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-08 Ode S R L Sistema di espulsione per distributori automatici
IT201800007343A1 (it) * 2018-07-19 2018-10-19 Motoriduttore per un distributore automatico.

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4785242A (en) * 1986-12-15 1988-11-15 Sundstrand Corporation Position detecting apparatus using multiple magnetic sensors for determining relative and absolute angular position
US5256921A (en) * 1992-06-03 1993-10-26 Harry Pruis Gear motor with rotary switch
US20030011330A1 (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-16 Merkle-Korff Industries, Inc. Gearmotor with feedback control apparatus and method
US20040104239A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-06-03 Black Talbert James Vending machine dispensing system
US20070153435A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Tranmax Machinery Co., Ltd. Motor overcurrent protection device
US20070235468A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Robert Liva Programmable helical coil dispensing system
US7597214B2 (en) * 2006-02-27 2009-10-06 Coin Acceptors, Inc. Product dispenser for a vending machine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2750440B2 (ja) * 1989-02-13 1998-05-13 株式会社芝浦製作所 自動販売機の商品搬送機構保護装置
JPH07249159A (ja) * 1994-03-11 1995-09-26 Kubota Corp 自動販売機の販売制御装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4785242A (en) * 1986-12-15 1988-11-15 Sundstrand Corporation Position detecting apparatus using multiple magnetic sensors for determining relative and absolute angular position
US5256921A (en) * 1992-06-03 1993-10-26 Harry Pruis Gear motor with rotary switch
US20030011330A1 (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-16 Merkle-Korff Industries, Inc. Gearmotor with feedback control apparatus and method
US20040104239A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-06-03 Black Talbert James Vending machine dispensing system
US20070153435A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Tranmax Machinery Co., Ltd. Motor overcurrent protection device
US7597214B2 (en) * 2006-02-27 2009-10-06 Coin Acceptors, Inc. Product dispenser for a vending machine
US20070235468A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Robert Liva Programmable helical coil dispensing system

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8397948B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2013-03-19 Brookstone Purchasing, Inc. Dispensing device for edible goods and/or novelties
US9640014B2 (en) 2011-01-04 2017-05-02 Fawn Engineering Corporation Vending machine with elevator delivery of vended product to customer access
US20160282138A1 (en) * 2013-12-13 2016-09-29 Hirschmann Automation And Control Gmbh Surge-protected sensor
US9870671B1 (en) 2014-04-07 2018-01-16 Fawn Engineering Corporation Mechanical lift for delivery bins in vending machines
US10026254B1 (en) 2014-04-07 2018-07-17 Fawn Engineering Corporation Mechanical lift for delivery bins in vending machines
US9761078B1 (en) * 2016-06-01 2017-09-12 David Alan Schuck Vending machine remote sensing of contents apparatus
US20180184989A1 (en) * 2016-12-30 2018-07-05 Carestream Health, Inc. Method for cephalometric analysis
US20190122479A1 (en) * 2017-10-23 2019-04-25 Nidec Motor Corporation Drive system for vending machine
US11251793B2 (en) * 2017-10-23 2022-02-15 Nidec Motor Corporation Drive system for vending machine
US20200397662A1 (en) * 2017-12-15 2020-12-24 Ondosis Ab Delivery device for drug pellets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2927787B3 (fr) 2010-03-19
FR2927787A3 (fr) 2009-08-28
EP2260475B1 (en) 2012-10-31
DE202009002566U1 (de) 2009-05-28
CN201413545Y (zh) 2010-02-24
WO2009106925A1 (en) 2009-09-03
EP2260475A1 (en) 2010-12-15
ES1070335U (es) 2009-07-24
ITMI20080073U1 (it) 2009-08-26
ES1070335Y (es) 2009-11-02

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Owner name: CROSS TECHNOLOGY S.R.L., ITALY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MARIN, ADRIANO;BENETELLO, ANDREA;REEL/FRAME:025142/0972

Effective date: 20100927

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION