US20100323936A1 - Lubricant base oils and lubricant compositions and method for making them - Google Patents

Lubricant base oils and lubricant compositions and method for making them Download PDF

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US20100323936A1
US20100323936A1 US12/449,621 US44962108A US2010323936A1 US 20100323936 A1 US20100323936 A1 US 20100323936A1 US 44962108 A US44962108 A US 44962108A US 2010323936 A1 US2010323936 A1 US 2010323936A1
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liquid lubricant
weight
composition
base oil
aromatic extract
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Stephen Bruce Ames
John Philip Davies
John Philip Liddy
Kok-Chye Lim
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BP PLC
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BP PLC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C10M101/025—Petroleum fractions waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
    • C10M107/10—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/065—Saturated Compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/14—Metal deactivation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/36—Seal compatibility, e.g. with rubber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to compositions and methods and in particular to lubricant base oils and lubricant compositions and to methods for making them.
  • Lubricant compositions generally comprise a base oil and one or more additives.
  • base stocks which are used for base oils are defined as belonging to one of five Groups as set out in Table I below.
  • Viscosity Group (wt %) (wt %) Index I ⁇ 90 and/or >0.03 and ⁇ 80 and ⁇ 120 II ⁇ 90 and ⁇ 0.03 and ⁇ 80 and ⁇ 120 III ⁇ 90 and ⁇ 0.03 and ⁇ 120 IV polyalpha olefins V all base stocks not in Groups I, II, III or IV
  • Group I base stocks are generally preferred to Group II base stocks for the manufacture of lubricant compositions for marine 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines, particularly for engines operating on heavy fuel oil.
  • Group II base stocks are becoming increasingly more readily available because older manufacturing capacity for Group I basestock is being closed and new manufacturing capacity tends to manufacture Group II base stock.
  • Group II base stocks may have some performance disadvantages compared to Group I base stocks when used in some lubricant compositions, for example in marine lubricants. These disadvantages may include poorer dispersancy, poorer seal swell performance, poorer solubility of additives, lower compatibility with fuel oil in marine engine applications (which can lead to deposit formation, for example in cool parts of the engine) and/or in some aspects, poorer oxidative stability.
  • Hydroprocessed base stocks may have advantages and disadvantages (Deckman, D. E. et al., Hart's Lubricants World, July 1997, pages 46-50) when used in industrial lubricant applications (Deckman D. E. et al., Hart's Lubricants World, September 1997, pages 20-26) and in commercial, personal vehicle and marine engine oils (Deckman D. E. et al., Hart's Lubricants World, September 1997, pages 27-28).
  • Base stocks which are made by hydroprocessing including Group II and Group III base stocks, have lower aromatics content and lower sulphur content than Group I base stocks.
  • Base stocks which are polyalphaolefins may also have a high degree of saturation.
  • Base stocks derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesised, waxy, paraffinic hydrocarbon materials also have a low aromatics content and so may also exhibit at least some of the poorer performance of Group II and Group III base stocks compared to Group I base stocks.
  • WO 00/14187 and WO 2005/066314 relate to lubricant compositions comprising Fischer Tropsch derived base stock.
  • a liquid lubricant base oil composition comprising (i) a base stock comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons and (ii) 0.2 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 18% or 1 to 30% by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 18% by weight, of an aromatic extract, in which the aromatic extract has a dimethyl sulphoxide extractable polycyclic aromatics content of less than 3 weight %.
  • a method of making a liquid lubricant base oil composition as hereindefined comprises blending a base stock comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons with sufficient aromatic extract which has a dimethyl sulphoxide extractable polycyclic aromatics content of less than 3 weight % to make a liquid lubricant base oil composition as hereindefined.
  • a liquid lubricant composition comprising a lubricant base oil composition as hereindefined and one or more additives, preferably selected from the group consisting of detergents, dispersants, anti-wear additives, anti-oxidants, anti-foams, corrosion inhibitors, pour point depressants, friction modifiers, tackifiers and viscosity index improvers.
  • the present invention solves the problem defined above by the use of 0.2 to 30% by weight of an aromatic extract which has a dimethyl sulphoxide extractable polycyclic aromatics content of less than 3 weight % in a liquid lubricant base oil composition which base oil comprises a base stock comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons.
  • This provides a lubricant base oil which overcomes or at least mitigates, at least some of the deficiencies which may be associated with such base stocks.
  • the lubricant base oil composition of the present invention comprises 0.2 to 30% by weight of an aromatic extract.
  • the lubricant base oil composition of the present invention comprises 0.2 to 18% or 1.0 to 30% by weight of the aromatic extract. More preferably, the lubricant base oil composition of the present invention comprises 1.0 to 18% by weight aromatic extract.
  • the base stock comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons comprises a hydroprocessed base stock and/or a base stock derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesised, waxy, paraffinic hydrocarbon material.
  • the present invention provides a lubricant base oil which overcomes or at least mitigates, at least one of the deficiencies which may be associated with such base stocks, for example those deficiencies selected from the group consisting of poor dispersancy (for example, of soot and/or deposits), poor seal swell performance, poor solubility of additives and low compatibility with fuel oil in marine engine applications (which can lead to deposit formation, for example in cool parts of the engine), and also in some aspects, poor oxidative stability.
  • a further aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of 0.2 to 30% by weight of an aromatic extract which has a dimethyl sulphoxide extractable polycyclic aromatics content of less than 3 weight % in a liquid lubricant base oil composition which base oil comprises a base stock comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons, to mitigate at least one of the deficiencies of the base stock selected from the group consisting of poor dispersancy, poor seal swell performance, poor solubility of additives and low compatibility with fuel oil in marine engine applications.
  • the present invention provides a method which uses a defined amount of aromatic extract, to make a base oil using a hydroprocessed base stock which may comprise for example, a Group II base stock and/or a Group III base stock, and/or using a base stock which may comprise a polyalphaolefin and/or using a base stock derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesised, waxy, paraffinic hydrocarbon material.
  • a hydroprocessed base stock which may comprise for example, a Group II base stock and/or a Group III base stock, and/or using a base stock which may comprise a polyalphaolefin and/or using a base stock derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesised, waxy, paraffinic hydrocarbon material.
  • This base oil can be used in applications where a Group I base stock has conventionally been used, such as for example, in marine engine applications, for example in 2-stroke marine diesel engine cylinder oils, 2-stroke marine diesel engine system oils and 4-stroke marine diesel engine crankcase lubricant compositions
  • the aromatic extract is preferably made by the treatment of at least one refinery process stream in a solvent extraction process.
  • Suitable solvent extraction process include contacting the at least one refinery process stream with a solvent such as furfural, n-methylpyrrolidone, sulphur dioxide, Duo-SolTM or phenol to selectively extract from the refinery stream, aromatic and heterocyclic materials and to form a solution of these materials in the solvent.
  • the solvent is then recovered from the solution for recycle to the extraction process; the resultant product being the aromatic extract.
  • the aromatic extract may be a residual aromatic extract, which may be made by treatment in an extraction process, of solvent deasphalted vacuum residue (also known as DAO) made using Duo-SolTM, propane, butane or mixtures thereof as the solvent for the deasphalting.
  • solvent deasphalted vacuum residue also known as DAO
  • Duo-SolTM propane, butane or mixtures thereof as the solvent for the deasphalting.
  • the aromatic extract may be a distillate aromatic extract (DAE) which is an aromatic extract made by treatment in an extraction process, of a distillate stream from a vacuum distillation process.
  • DAE distillate aromatic extract
  • the distillate aromatic extract is a treated distillate aromatic extract which is a distillate aromatic extract which has been subjected to at least one further treatment.
  • the at least one further treatment is selected from the group consisting of hydrotreatment, hydrogenation, hydrodesulphurisation, clay treatment, acid treatment and further solvent extraction.
  • the aromatic extract may have an aromatics content of 60 to 85 weight %, which may be measured by ASTM D′2007.
  • the aromatic extract may have properties such as those described in Concawe Product Dossier 92/101 “Aromatic Extracts”.
  • the distillate aromatic extract may have a boiling point in the range 250-680° C., which may be measured according to ASTM D 2887.
  • the distillate aromatic extract may have a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. in the range 5-18000 mm 2 /s, which may be measured according to ASTM D 445.
  • the distillate aromatic extract may have a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in the range 3-60 mm 2 /s, which may be measured according to ASTM D 445.
  • the distillate aromatic extract may have an average molecular mass in the range 300-580, which may be measured according to ASTM D 2887.
  • the distillate aromatic extract may have a carbon number range in the range C 15 -C 54 , which may be measured according to ASTM D 2887.
  • the distillate aromatic extract may have an aromatic content in the range 65-85 weight %, which may be measured according to ASTM D 2007.
  • the residual aromatic extract may have a boiling point of greater than 380° C., which may be measured according to ASTM D 2887.
  • the residual aromatic extract may have a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of greater than 4000 mm 2 /s, which may be measured according to ASTM D 445.
  • the residual aromatic extract may have a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. in the range 60-330 mm 2 /s, which may be measured according to ASTM D 445.
  • the residual aromatic extract may have an average molecular mass of greater than 400, which may be measured according to ASTM D 2887.
  • the residual aromatic extract may have a carbon number range of greater than C 25 , which may be measured according to ASTM D 2887.
  • the residual aromatic extract may have an aromatic content in the range 60-85 weight %, which may be measured according to ASTM D 2007.
  • Aromatic extracts may comprise polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC's) some of which are carcinogens.
  • the amount of material (weight %) which can be extracted into dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) is used as an indication of the amount of unacceptable material (including polycyclic aromatic compounds) in the aromatic extracts.
  • IP 346 Institute of Petroleum Test Method 3466 is a method used for determining weight % DMSO extract.
  • Aromatic extracts with greater that 3 weight % dimethyl sulphoxide extractable polycyclic aromatics content are classed as carcinogenic and give rise to requirements in several jurisdictions that the material be labelled with certain symbols and risk phrases to identify health, safety and environmental hazards.
  • the aromatic extract has less than 3 weight % dimethyl sulphoxide extractable polycyclic aromatics content (low PCA extract). More preferably, the aromatic extract is a residual aromatic extract or a treated distillate aromatic extract, with less than 0.3 weight % dimethyl sulphoxide extractable polycyclic aromatics content.
  • the aromatic extract does not contain any significant amount of wax, because if present, wax may deposit in use.
  • the base stock of the present invention comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons may comprise both a hydroprocessed base stock and a base stock derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesised, waxy, paraffinic hydrocarbon material.
  • base stock of the present invention comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons may comprise a hydroprocessed base stock or a base stock derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesised, waxy, paraffinic hydrocarbon material.
  • the hydroprocessed base stock is preferably a Group II and/or Group III base stock, such as defined according to API standard 1509, “ENGINE OIL LICENSING AND CERTIFICATION SYSTEM”, November 2004 version 15th edition Appendix E.
  • the base stock comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons preferably comprises a Group II and/or Group III base stock, such as defined according to API standard 1509, “ENGINE OIL LICENSING AND CERTIFICATION SYSTEM”, November 2004 version 15th edition Appendix E, comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons.
  • the Group II base stock or Group III base stock is a hydroprocessed base stock which may be made by hydroprocessing, preferably of vacuum distillate or deasphalted vacuum residue, or by hydroisomerising the bottoms stream from a clean fuels hydrocracker.
  • hydroprocessing preferably of vacuum distillate or deasphalted vacuum residue, or by hydroisomerising the bottoms stream from a clean fuels hydrocracker.
  • the manufacture of base stock by hydroprocessing is known in the art and is described for example in “ Lubricant base oil and wax processing” A. Sequeira, pages 119-152, pub. Marcel Dekker Inc. New York, 1994.
  • the base stock comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons may comprise one or more polyalphaolefin.
  • the base stock derived from a Fischer-Tropsch synthesised, waxy, paraffinic hydrocarbon material may be made by any suitable known process for the manufacture of base stock from Fischer Tropsch process. Processes for the manufacture of a base stock derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesised, waxy, paraffinic hydrocarbon material which may be used, are described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 4,943,672, EP-A-0668342 and EP-A-0776959, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the base stock may be made by the steps of (i) producing Syngas, (ii) Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons from the Syngas, (iii) hydrocracking of the hydrocarbons to produce naphtha and diesel/kerosene fuel process streams together with a waxy paraffinic residue and (iv) hydroisomerising the waxy residue to produce the base stock.
  • the liquid lubricant base oil composition according to the present invention may be made by blending a base stock comprising at least 95% by weight saturated hydrocarbons with sufficient an aromatic extract to make the lubricant base oil composition.
  • the blending may be performed in a batch blending process or in a continuous blending process.
  • Batch blending may be performed by introducing the base stock and aromatic extract into a blend kettle whilst stirring and/or agitating the blending components.
  • Continuous blending may be performed using an in-line mixer to blend the base stock and aromatic extract. Heating may be necessary during the blending to facilitate handling of the aromatics extracts.
  • the liquid lubricant base oil composition of the present invention has a viscosity in the range 7 to 40 cSt at 100° C.
  • liquid lubricant base oil composition of the present invention is particularly useful for the manufacture of 2-stroke marine diesel engine cylinder oils, 2-stroke marine diesel engine system oils or 4-stroke marine diesel engine crankcase lubricant compositions.
  • the liquid lubricant composition according to the present invention comprises a liquid lubricant base oil composition as hereindefined and one or more additives, preferably selected from the group consisting of detergents, dispersants, anti-wear additives, anti-oxidants, anti-foams, corrosion inhibitors, pour point depressants, friction modifiers, tackifiers and viscosity index improvers.
  • additives preferably selected from the group consisting of detergents, dispersants, anti-wear additives, anti-oxidants, anti-foams, corrosion inhibitors, pour point depressants, friction modifiers, tackifiers and viscosity index improvers.
  • concentrations of additives in the lubricant composition according to the present invention depend upon the use for which the lubricant composition is intended.
  • One or more anti-oxidants may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 1%, usually at a concentration by weight of not greater than 0.5%.
  • One or more anti-wear additives may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 2%, usually at a concentration by weight of not greater than 1%.
  • One or more high over-based detergents may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 40%.
  • One or more low base detergents may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 10%.
  • One or more neutral detergents may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 2%:
  • One or more dispersants may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 10%.
  • One or more anti-foams may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 0.1%.
  • One or more corrosion inhibitors may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 1%.
  • One or more pour point depressants may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 1%.
  • One or more friction modifiers may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 5%.
  • One or more tackifiers may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 15%.
  • One or more viscosity index improvers may be present in the lubricant composition at a total concentration by weight of 0 to 20%.
  • concentration ranges for the additives may be independent of each other. Alternatively, combinations of such concentration ranges may be used for any particular lubricant composition.
  • liquid lubricant compositions of the present invention may be used as a 2-stroke marine diesel engine cylinder oil, 2-stroke marine diesel engine system oil or 4-stroke marine diesel engine crankcase lubricant composition.
  • concentration ranges for additives for such lubricant compositions according to the present invention are given in the Table II below. Such concentration ranges may be independent of each other. Alternatively, combinations of such concentration ranges may be used for any particular lubricant composition.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph of the performance of base oil with various amounts of aromatic extract.
  • hydroprocessed base stock was a Group II base stock comprising at least 97% by weight saturated hydrocarbons was used.
  • the aromatic extract was a low PCA brightstock extract (less than 3% polycyclic aromatics, brightstock furfural extract) provided by Shell. Properties of these components are given in Table III below.
  • Base oil compositions were prepared by blending the aromatic extract (AE) with various amounts of the Group II base stock. Properties of the base oil compositions are given in Table IV below.
  • Example 2 Base Oil Composition 88% Group II 76% Group II (weight %) 12% AE 24% AE KV40, mm 2 /s (cSt) IP71 162.4 KV100, mm 2 /s (cSt) IP71 12.3 14.43 VI IP226 92 85 Density, g/cm 3 IP365 0.8870 0.9005 Flash point (PMCC), IP34 238.3 236.1 ° C. Flash point (COC), IP36 254 264 ° C. Pour point, ° C.
  • Experiment A is not according to the present invention because it does not contain any aromatic extract.
  • the results of the ⁇ carbon and viscosity ratio show that the aromatic extract provides an improvement in ⁇ carbon at a concentration of aromatic extract up to about 12% by weight and an improvement in viscosity ratio at a concentration of aromatics extract of up to 30% by weight.
  • Lubricant compositions suitable for use in a marine 4-stroke engine using heavy fuel were prepared using a salicylate-rich additive package and base oils comprising different amounts of aromatic extract.
  • Oxidation properties of the lubricant compositions were measured. The results are shown in Table VII below.

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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US12/449,621 2007-02-21 2008-02-18 Lubricant base oils and lubricant compositions and method for making them Abandoned US20100323936A1 (en)

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JP2016102164A (ja) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 昭和シェル石油株式会社 潤滑油組成物
WO2021225662A3 (fr) * 2020-03-31 2021-12-16 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Compositions d'hydrocarbures utiles en tant que lubrifiants pour une stabilité améliorée à l'oxydation

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JP5483330B2 (ja) * 2009-12-24 2014-05-07 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 クロスヘッド型ディーゼル機関用システム潤滑油組成物
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CN102757837B (zh) * 2011-04-29 2014-04-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种润滑油基础油组合物
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WO2014057641A1 (fr) * 2012-10-10 2014-04-17 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 Composition d'huile de lubrification système pour moteur diesel à crosse
CN105008504B (zh) 2012-12-27 2017-06-27 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 十字头型柴油机用系统润滑油组合物

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CN103459572A (zh) * 2011-04-05 2013-12-18 雪佛龙奥伦耐有限责任公司 低粘度船用气缸润滑油组合物
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JP2016102164A (ja) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 昭和シェル石油株式会社 潤滑油組成物
WO2021225662A3 (fr) * 2020-03-31 2021-12-16 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Compositions d'hydrocarbures utiles en tant que lubrifiants pour une stabilité améliorée à l'oxydation

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MY154529A (en) 2015-06-30
EP2113021B1 (fr) 2019-06-12
CN101617032A (zh) 2009-12-30
KR20090113856A (ko) 2009-11-02
JP2010519376A (ja) 2010-06-03
EP2113021A1 (fr) 2009-11-04
EP1967571A1 (fr) 2008-09-10
CA2678700C (fr) 2014-12-02
JP5666139B2 (ja) 2015-02-12
KR101545756B1 (ko) 2015-08-19
WO2008102114A1 (fr) 2008-08-28
CA2678700A1 (fr) 2008-08-28

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