EP2398872B1 - Utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante avec de l'huile de base gtl pour réduire les émissions d'hydrocarbure - Google Patents

Utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante avec de l'huile de base gtl pour réduire les émissions d'hydrocarbure Download PDF

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EP2398872B1
EP2398872B1 EP10703899.4A EP10703899A EP2398872B1 EP 2398872 B1 EP2398872 B1 EP 2398872B1 EP 10703899 A EP10703899 A EP 10703899A EP 2398872 B1 EP2398872 B1 EP 2398872B1
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Prior art keywords
base oil
fischer
tropsch derived
engine
astm
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2398872A1 (fr
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David John Wedlock
Yanyun Wu
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
    • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/065—Saturated Compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/45—Ash-less or low ash content
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/50—Emission or smoke controlling properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/74—Noack Volatility
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of a lubricating composition comprising a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil and one or more additives for particular use in the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engines such as a heavy duty diesel engine.
  • compression ignition engines which will be referred to further as “diesel engines”, feature among the main type of engines employed for passenger cars in Europe, and globally for heavy-duty applications, as well as for stationary power generation as a result of their high efficiency.
  • a diesel engine is an internal combustion engine; more specifically, it is a compression ignition engine, in which the fuel/air mixture is ignited by being compressed until it ignites due to the temperature increase due to compression, rather than by a separate source of ignition, such as a spark plug, as is the case of gasoline engines.
  • the lubricating composition which is used to lubricate the engine can also impact on the emissions, for example by direct emission of combustion products of the oil or by affecting the trap performance in a diesel particulate trap (DPT).
  • DPT diesel particulate trap
  • DPTs diesel particulate traps
  • EP-A-1 108 862 and EP-A-1 251 248 are diesel particulate traps.
  • Such devices are used on light- and heavy-duty diesel engines to ensure particulates emission compliance with for example Euro 4 standards, further improved by additives or selected fuels, such as the use of low sulphur fuels in combination with an engine oil having a low sulphur content to reduce the number of nucleation mode particles emitted from an engine further using a catalysed particulate trap as disclosed in WO 2004/046283 .
  • Diesel particulate traps usually operate by trapping particulate matter from the exhaust emissions of the engine.
  • the mainly hydrocarbon derived organic particulate material will eventually cause DPT blocking and excessive pressure built-up.
  • WO 2007/050352 discloses a method of reducing observable smoke emitted from a two-stroke gasoline (i.e. not a diesel) engine by using a lubricant comprising a GTL base oil.
  • Two-stroke gasoline engines have found widespread use in a wide variety of garden end recreational equipment; hydrocarbon emissions from two-stroke engines, by virtue of their basic design, tend to exceed emissions from a comparable four-cycle engine.
  • US 5,674,822 discloses a method for reducing hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions from a gasoline or diesel engine wherein the lubricant comprises a highly polar synthetic ester.
  • a lubricating composition comprising a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil and one or more additives in a diesel engine in order to improve the reduction of total hydrocarbon emissions.
  • the engine is run according to the ETC test cycle ( Directive 1999 / 96 / EC of the European Parliament).
  • the base oil used in lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises at least a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil
  • various conventional mineral oils, synthetic oils as well as naturally derived esters such as vegetable oils may be conveniently used.
  • the base oil used in the present invention may - in addition to the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil - conveniently comprise mixtures of one or more mineral oils and/or one or more synthetic oils; thus, according to the present invention, the term "base oil” may refer to a mixture containing more than one base oil, including at least one Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
  • Mineral oils include liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oil of the paraffinic, naphthenic, or mixed paraffinic/naphthenic type which may be further refined by hydrofinishing processes and/or dewaxing.
  • Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils are known in the art.
  • Fischer-Tropsch derived is meant that a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
  • a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) base oil.
  • Suitable Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils that may be conveniently used as the base oil in the lubricating composition of the present invention are those as for example disclosed in EP 0 776 959 , EP 0 668 342 , WO 97/21788 , WO 00/15736 , WO 00/14188 , WO 00/14187 , WO 00/14183 , WO 00/14179 , WO 00/08115 , WO 99/41332 , EP 1 029 029 , WO 01/18156 and WO 01/57166 .
  • Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
  • hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
  • Synthetic hydrocarbon base oils sold by the Shell Group under the designation "Shell XHVI" (trade mark) may be conveniently used.
  • Poly-alpha olefin base oils PAOs
  • Preferred poly-alpha olefin base oils that may be used in the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be derived from linear C 2 to C 32 , preferably C 6 to C 16 , alpha olefins.
  • Particularly preferred feedstocks for said poly-alpha olefins are 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and 1-tetradecene.
  • the base oil as used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
  • the base oil contains more than 50 wt.%, preferably more than 60 wt.%, more preferably more than 70 wt.%, even more preferably more than 80 wt.%. most preferably more than 90 wt.% Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
  • not more than 5 wt.%, preferably not more than 2 wt.%, of the base oil is not a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil. It is even more preferred that 100 wt% of the base oil is based on one or more Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils.
  • the total amount of base oil incorporated in the lubricating composition of the present invention is preferably present in an amount in the range of from 60 to 99 wt.%, more preferably in an amount in the range of from 65 to 90 wt.% and most preferably in an amount in the range of from 70 to 85 wt.%, with respect to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of at least 4.8 cSt (according to ASTM D445). In the event the base oil contains a blend of two or more base oils, it is preferred that the total contribution of the base oil to this kinematic viscosity is at least 4.8 cSt.
  • the base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of at least 5.0 cSt, preferably at least 5.2 cSt.
  • the base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C below 10.0, preferably below 8.5, more preferably below 7.0 cSt, or even below 5.5.
  • the lubricating composition according to the present invention meets the so-called SAE J300 Specifications (as revised in May 2004), preferably those of 5W-30 and 5W-40 crankcase engine oils.
  • SAE stands for Society of Automotive Engineers.
  • composition has:
  • the dynamic viscosity at -30°C (according to ASTM D 5293) of the composition is between 3000 and 6600 cP, preferably between 4000 and 6450 cP (1 cP is the same as 1 mPa.s).
  • the dynamic viscosity at -35°C (according to ASTM D 5293) of the composition is between 4000 and 8000 cP.
  • the kinematic viscosity at 100°C (according to ASTM D 445) of the composition is between 5.6 and 26.1 cSt, preferably between 9.3 and 16.3, more preferably between 9.3 and 12.5.
  • the high temperature, high shear viscosity (“HTHS"; according to ASTM D 4683) of the composition is between 2.9 and 5.0 cP, preferably between 3.0 and 3.7 cP.
  • the Noack volatility (according to ASTM D 5800) of the composition is between 1 and 14 wt.%, preferably below 13.0 wt.%, more preferably below 11.0 wt.%, even more preferably below 10.5 wt.%, most preferably below 10.0 wt.%.
  • the composition has a mini rotary viscometer (MRV) value at -35°C (according to ASTM D 4684) of below 60,000 cP, more preferably below 50,000 cP, even more preferably below 40,000 cP, and typically above 20,000.
  • MMV mini rotary viscometer
  • the lubricating composition according to the present invention further comprises one or more additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
  • additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
  • the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be conveniently prepared by admixing the one or more additives with the base oil(s).
  • the above-mentioned additives are typically present in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to 35.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition, preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.05 to 25.0 wt.%, more preferably from 1.0 to 20.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the composition contains at least 9.0 wt.%, preferably at least 10.0 wt.%, more preferably at least 11.0 wt% of an additive package comprising an anti-wear additive, a metal detergent, an ashless dispersant and an anti-oxidant.
  • Table 1 indicates the properties for the base oils used.
  • Table 2 indicates the composition and properties of the fully formulated engine oil formulations that were tested; the amounts of the components are given in wt.%, based on the total weight of the fully formulated formulations.
  • All tested engine oil formulations contained a combination of a base oil, an additive package and a viscosity modifier, which additive package was the same in all tested compositions.
  • the additive package was a so-called low SAPS (low sulphated ash, phosphorus and sulphur) formulation suitable for use with diesel particulate filter after-treatment devices.
  • low SAPS low sulphated ash, phosphorus and sulphur
  • such an additive package comprises non-sulphur containing overbased detergents such as salicylates and phenates.
  • the additive package contained a combination of additives including anti-oxidants, a zinc-based anti-wear additives, an ashless dispersant, an overbased detergent mixture, a pour point depressant and about 10 ppm of an anti-foaming agent.
  • a conventional viscosity modifier concentrate was used to adjust the viscosities.
  • Base oil 1 was a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil (“GTL 5”) having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 5 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ).
  • Base oil 2 was a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil (“GTL 8") having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 8 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ).
  • GTL 5 and GTL 8 base oils may be conveniently manufactured by the process described in e.g. WO-A-02/070631 , the teaching of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Base oil 3 was a commercially available Group III base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 4.34 cSt.
  • Base oil 3 is commercially available from e.g. SK Energy (Ulsan, South Korea) (under the trade designation "Yubase 4").
  • Base oil 4" was a commercially available Group III base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 6.42 cSt.
  • Base oil 4 is commercially available from e.g. SK Energy (under the trade designation "Yubase 6").
  • Example 1 The compositions of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were obtained by mixing the base oils with the additive package using conventional lubricant blending procedures.
  • Example 1 meets the requirements of a 5W-30 formulation, whilst the composition of Comparative Example 1 meets the requirements of a 10W-30 formulation, both according to SAE J300.
  • the mineral base oil of Comparative Example 1 (having the same base oil viscosity as the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil of Example 1) did not allow to meet adequately the low temperature performance and Noack volatility requirements (i.e. 13 wt.% loss maximum for ACEA claims - ACEA is the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association) of 5W-30 at the same time.
  • the kinematic viscosities at 100°C (ASTM D 445) for the base oil blends as used in Table 2 was 5.46 cSt for the blend of base oil 1+2 (84.75 + 15.25 wt.%) and 5.45 cSt for the blend of base oil 3+4 (41.5 + 58.5 wt.%).
  • bench engine test measurements were performed on a bench dynamometer linked to a MAN D2066 Euro 4, 6 cylinder inline common rail engine (displacement: 10.5 1; power: 324 kW; torque: 2100 Nm), whilst running the engine according to the European Transient Cycle (ETC) test cycle.
  • ETC European Transient Cycle
  • Mexa 7500 DTR automotive test system available from e.g. HORIBA Automotive Test Systems GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
  • HORIBA Automotive Test Systems GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany was used as prescribed according to its manual.
  • the total hydrocarbon emissions are measured in diluted exhaust gas and sampling takes place after exhaust after-treatment devices (such as a catalytic converter); in this case, however, undiluted raw emissions before such after-treatment devices were measured in order to give a better representation of the actual gaseous total hydrocarbon emissions (i.e. without the use of the after-treatment device).
  • exhaust after-treatment devices such as a catalytic converter
  • the ETC standard test cycle has been introduced, together with the ESC (European Stationary Cycle) test, for emission certification of heavy-duty diesel engines in Europe starting in the year 2000 (see Directive 1999 / 96 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council dated 13 December 1999).
  • the ETC test cycle has been developed by the FIGE Institute (Aachen, Germany), based on real road cycle measurements of heavy duty vehicles (see FIGE Report 104 05 316, January 1994 ).
  • Different driving conditions are represented by three phases of the ETC test cycle, including urban, rural and motorway driving.
  • the duration of the entire test cycle is 1800s (30 minutes).
  • the duration of each phase is 600s (10 minutes).
  • the ETC test cycle comprises the following parts:
  • Fuel 1 was a conventional low S (sulphur) mineral derived diesel, whilst Fuel 2 was a Fischer-Tropsch derived diesel.
  • Table 3 Total Hydrocarbon Emissions Lubricant Diesel Fuel Phase 1 ETC (Urban) [g/kWh] Benefit over Comp. Ex. [%] Phase 2 ETC (Rural) [g/kWh] Benefit over Comp. Ex. [%] Phase 3 ETC (Motorway) [g/kWh] Benefit over Comp. Ex. [%] Whole ETC cycle [g/kWh] Benefit over Comp. Ex. [%] Example 1 Fuel 1 0.0987 2.34 0.0798 2.33 0.1137 2.42 0.0946 2.36 Comp. Ex.
  • Example 3 the total hydrocarbon emissions for Example 1 were significantly improved when compared with Comparative Example 1 for all cycles of the ETC test cycle. This is shown in terms of weight (in grams) of total hydrocarbon emissions (per kilo Watt hour of engine work). The above results were found to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence interval level.
  • THC total hydrocarbon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante comprenant une huile de base dérivée d'un procédé Fischer-Tropsch et un ou plusieurs additifs dans un moteur diesel dans le but d'améliorer la réduction des émissions totales d'hydrocarbures.
  2. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le moteur est mis en fonctionnement selon le cycle d'essai ETC (Directive 1999/96/EC du Parlement européen).
  3. Utilisation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle le moteur diesel est un moteur diesel de poids lourds.
  4. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle l'huile de base contient plus de 50 % en poids d'huile de base dérivée d'un procédé Fischer-Tropsch.
  5. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle l'huile de base contient plus de 60 % en poids d'huile de base dérivée d'un procédé Fischer-Tropsch.
  6. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle l'huile de base contient plus de 70 % en poids d'huile de base dérivée d'un procédé Fischer-Tropsch.
  7. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle l'huile de base contient plus de 80 % en poids d'huile de base dérivée d'un procédé Fischer-Tropsch.
  8. Utilisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans laquelle l'huile de base contient plus de 90 % en poids d'huile de base dérivée d'un procédé Fischer-Tropsch.
EP10703899.4A 2009-02-18 2010-02-16 Utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante avec de l'huile de base gtl pour réduire les émissions d'hydrocarbure Active EP2398872B1 (fr)

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EP09153072 2009-02-18
PCT/EP2010/051915 WO2010094681A1 (fr) 2009-02-18 2010-02-16 Utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante avec de l'huile à base de gtl pour réduire les émissions d'hydrocarbure
EP10703899.4A EP2398872B1 (fr) 2009-02-18 2010-02-16 Utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante avec de l'huile de base gtl pour réduire les émissions d'hydrocarbure

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CN104204064A (zh) * 2011-12-22 2014-12-10 国际壳牌研究有限公司 包含气体至液体基础油的弹性体组合物及其制备方法
JP6502149B2 (ja) 2015-04-06 2019-04-17 Ｅｍｇルブリカンツ合同会社 潤滑油組成物

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JP5783913B2 (ja) 2015-09-24
EP2398872A1 (fr) 2011-12-28
JP2012518049A (ja) 2012-08-09
WO2010094681A1 (fr) 2010-08-26

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