US20100183297A1 - Optical fiber sensor having electrical connectors - Google Patents

Optical fiber sensor having electrical connectors Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100183297A1
US20100183297A1 US12/452,706 US45270608A US2010183297A1 US 20100183297 A1 US20100183297 A1 US 20100183297A1 US 45270608 A US45270608 A US 45270608A US 2010183297 A1 US2010183297 A1 US 2010183297A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
sensor
ribbon
optical
fiber
transmitter unit
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Abandoned
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US12/452,706
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English (en)
Inventor
Grigorios Barboutis
Dirk Davis Goldbeck
Tobias Happel
Andre Matthias Kwiatek
Stefan Nerreter
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4206—Optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4292—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements the light guide being disconnectable from the opto-electronic element, e.g. mutually self aligning arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0233—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/04—Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type
    • A61B2562/043—Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type in a linear array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/4805—Shape
    • H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
    • H01L2224/48091—Arched
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/30—Technical effects
    • H01L2924/301—Electrical effects
    • H01L2924/3025—Electromagnetic shielding

Definitions

  • An optical fiber sensor may have at least one optical sensor fiber which is equipped at its ends with an optical transmitter unit for feeding in a measurement signal, and with an optical receiver unit for registering this measurement signal, wherein the transmitter unit and the receiver unit also have electrical connections.
  • the transmitter unit and receiver unit are physically separated from one another, that is to say they are each autonomous units.
  • a fiber sensor of the type mentioned initially is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,940,062 B2.
  • This optical fiber sensor may, for example, be used to determine deformation, when the optical fiber sensor is applied in such a manner that the deformation of a component to which the optical fiber sensor is fitted causes bending of the optical sensor fiber of the optical fiber sensor. This can be verified by the influence of the bending on the optical attenuation behavior of the sensor fiber.
  • a measurement signal is fed into the optical sensor fiber from an optical transmitter unit, and the measurement signal is evaluated by a receiver unit at the other end of the optical sensor fiber.
  • the light intensity of the received measurement signal can be used to deduce the bending state of the sensor fiber.
  • the optical transmitter unit and the optical receiver unit can each be supplied with power and the measurement variable can be read electrically, via plug contacts.
  • the design of the fiber sensor according to U.S. Pat. No. 6,940,062 B2 may cause problems in certain applications.
  • EP 968 400 B1 an application for an optical fiber sensor is described in which the movements of the human body are intended to be monitored.
  • the optical fiber sensor is attached to the human body.
  • electrical connections and the connecting lines fitted at both ends of the sensor fiber restrict the freedom of movement of the subject, thus limiting the validity of the measurement results that are determined.
  • EP 968 400 B1 therefore proposes that the transmitter unit and the receiver unit be combined in one housing. This results in the capability to provide the optical fiber sensor with the electrical contact at only one end.
  • the optical fiber sensors are laid in loops in the sensor ribbon, such that the start and the end of the respective sensor fiber are located at one end of the sensor ribbon. In this case, it is assumed that this measure results in the cross section of the sensor ribbon itself being twice as great than would be the case if the sensor fiber were to extend from one end of the sensor ribbon to the other end of the sensor ribbon. This is because the loss of wearing comfort associated with this outweighs the cumbersome contact being made at both ends.
  • One potential object is to specify an optical fiber sensor whose wearing comfort and operating comfort are comparatively high.
  • the inventors propose a fiber sensor specified initially, in that at least one electrical line is routed in the fiber sensor, parallel to the optical sensor fiber and connects at least some of the electrical connections of the receiver unit to at least some of the connections of the transmitter unit.
  • an electrical line should in general be understood to be an arrangement for carrying electrical signals or supply currents.
  • the electrical line may have one or more cores, that is to say that a plurality of electrical signals and supply currents are transported in one line.
  • the provision of the electrical line running parallel to the sensor fiber means that it is possible on the one hand to dispense with all the optical sensor fibers being fed back to a single housing, and with units which are physically independent of one another being used for transmission and reception of the measurement signals (transmitter unit and receiver unit) at both ends of the sensor fiber.
  • complex contact with the two units can be simplified by laying one electrical line between the transmitter unit and the receiver unit, by which contacts which are intended for the one unit can be laid to contacts of the other unit.
  • the transmitter unit or the receiver unit it is particularly advantageous for the transmitter unit or the receiver unit to have exclusively electrical connections, which are connected via the electrical line. At least one of the units is therefore advantageously completely free of external electrical connections, which means that this unit need not make contact with any external electrical connecting lines.
  • all the electrical contact lines which are required for operation of the relevant unit run via the electrical line which runs parallel to the optical sensor fiber. This considerably improves the wearing comfort, because an electrical contact is required with only one of the units (transmitter unit or receiver unit).
  • the wearing comfort of the sensor fiber which, for example, may be integrated in a sensor ribbon, is also only insignificantly adversely affected by the additional presence of a further electrical line.
  • This electrical line may have signal lines for a plurality of optical sensor fibers, since the cross section which is required for this purpose is less than that required for the optical sensor lines.
  • the transmitter unit and the receiver unit have exclusively electrical connections which are connected via the electrical line.
  • This refinement depends on the optical fiber sensor operating autonomously. This means that the fiber sensor must on the one hand have a power source for operation, while on the other hand a wireless interface must be available for reading the measurement data, or it must have a memory for this data in order that this data can be evaluated once the measurement has been completed. In this case, an electrical contact which advantageously need not be connected during the measurement can be provided for reading purposes.
  • the laying of an electrical line parallel to the optical sensor fiber has the advantage that the components which are required for autonomous operation of the fiber sensor need be provided only once in each case.
  • the transmitter unit can conceal the electrical voltage source, and the receiver unit can also be supplied electrically via the electrical line. If the memory module for the measured values and a wireless interface for transmitting them are also intended to be provided in the transmitter unit (for example in order to keep the receiver unit as small as possible), signal lines would also have to be laid between the receiver unit and the transmitter unit.
  • the at least one optical sensor fiber to be integrated, in particular embedded, in a sensor ribbon.
  • Embedding in a sensor ribbon advantageously allows simple handling of the optical fiber sensor.
  • the sensor ribbon provides a certain amount of protection for the sensitive optical sensor fibers.
  • a plurality of sensor fibers can be combined in a defined position with respect to one another in the sensor ribbon.
  • the electrical line When using a sensor ribbon, it is advantageous for the electrical line to be in the form of a line conductor, and likewise to be integrated, in particular embedded, in the sensor ribbon.
  • the sensor ribbon can then advantageously be laid easily, in order to carry out a measurement in the desired application. In this case, there is no need to pay particular attention to the optical or electrical sections.
  • the complete sensor ribbon may then in particular have a standard physical height which, in the area of the electrical line, also corresponds to the physical height of the area in which there are preferably a plurality of sensor fibers.
  • the electrical line is in the form of a ribbon conductor.
  • a ribbon conductor advantageously has a very small physical height, thus allowing it to be routed easily parallel to the sensor fiber without significantly increasing the physical space occupied by the sensor ribbon.
  • the ribbon conductor and the sensor ribbon are arranged side-by-side. This means that the ribbons are each located with the broad face of the ribbon adjacent to one another, that is to say, not edge-to-edge, but rather one above the other.
  • the large joint surface area which is available thereby advantageously allows a fixed assembly to be produced.
  • the ribbon conductor can in this case mechanically support the sensor fibers.
  • the ribbon conductor and the sensor ribbon for example may be connected to one another by an adhesive layer. From the manufacturing point of view, this can be carried out particularly easily, in particular for small batches.
  • the adhesive layer may be applied to one of the ribbons. However, it is also possible to use a double-sided adhesive tape.
  • the electrical line is in the form of a ribbon conductor, by conductive paths being produced directly on the sensor ribbon.
  • photomechanical methods may be used, in which, after suitable structuring of the ribbon surface, the conductive paths are produced by etching.
  • Another option is to produce the conductive paths on the sensor ribbon by coating, using templates. In any case, a particularly space-saving solution is achieved by direct production of the conductive paths on the sensor ribbon.
  • the assembly comprising the sensor ribbon and the ribbon conductor is sheathed with a sheath.
  • This sheath provides additional protection for the entire assembly, and in particular when the conductive paths are produced directly on the sensor ribbon, the sheath additionally provides electrical insulation, which advantageously extends the options for use of the fiber sensor that is produced.
  • FIG. 1 shows one exemplary embodiment of the proposed optical fiber sensor, schematically in the form of a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of one exemplary embodiment of the proposed fiber sensor, which is mounted on a carrier ribbon, and
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 show cross sections through the sensor ribbons for different exemplary embodiments of the fiber sensor.
  • An optical fiber sensor 11 as shown in FIG. 1 comprises three units: an optical transmitter unit 12 , a sensor ribbon 13 and an optical receiver unit 14 .
  • the sensor unit 12 is fitted to one end of the sensor ribbon, and the receiver unit 14 , which is physically separated from the transmitter unit, is fitted to the other end of the sensor ribbon 13 .
  • the sensor ribbon has a plurality of optical sensor fibers 15 which each have sections 16 that are sensitive to bending, at different points on the sensor ribbon. This allows bending of the sensor ribbon 13 to be determined with position resolution. Furthermore, an electrical line which is in the form of a line conductor 17 runs parallel to the sensor fibers. Optical contact is made with the sensor fibers 15 in the receiver unit 14 and in the transmitter unit 12 via optical interfaces 18 . Furthermore, the transmitter unit 12 and the receiver unit 14 have electrical connections 19 e and 19 s, via which contact can be made with the line conductor. These are illustrated only schematically in FIG. 1 . If the line conductor has a plurality of cores, then a plurality of connections 19 e, 19 s are, of course, also necessary, although these have been omitted in FIG. 1 , for the sake of better clarity.
  • the transmitter unit 12 and the receiver unit 13 each comprise printed circuit boards 20 on which a protective cap 21 is provided.
  • the protective cap acts as a housing for the respective driver electronics, a voltage supply and a radio module for passing on the measured values without the use of cables, and for reception of control signals for the optical fiber sensor.
  • these components are not illustrated in any more detail.
  • the fiber sensor illustrated in FIG. 2 has the following differences in comparison to FIG. 1 .
  • the electrical conductor in the form of a line conductor and not illustrated
  • the line conductor 17 runs parallel alongside the sensor ribbon 13 .
  • the transmitter unit 12 and the receiver unit 14 are also each completely integrated in a housing.
  • the transmitter unit 12 additionally has electrical connections, which are not illustrated in any more detail but which can make contact with a plug 22 . This allows a supply and signal line 23 to be connected to the transmitter unit 12 .
  • the electrical supply to the receiver unit 14 and the transmission of signals between the transmitter unit 12 and the receiver unit 14 take place via the line conductor which is not illustrated (cf., analogously, 17 in FIG. 1 ), which means that there is no need for any external contact with the receiver unit 14 .
  • the optical fiber sensor as shown in FIG. 2 can be mounted on a carrier ribbon 24 .
  • This comprises a flexible substrate 25 which, for example, can be firmly adhesively bonded to the skin of a subject when the fiber sensor is used as a back sensor.
  • An adhesive which is compatible with skin is used in this case.
  • the flexibility of the substrate ensures a high level of wearing comfort, since the carrier ribbon can follow the movements of the spinal column and the elastic changes to the skin associated with this.
  • An elastic cover layer 26 is also applied to the substrate 25 so as to create a pocket which is open on one side. The fiber sensor can be pushed into this pocket, with its contour 27 being visible under the elastic cover layer.
  • the receiver unit 14 is located at the end of the pocket.
  • the transmitter unit 12 is mounted on a rigid fixing plate 28 , thus providing a reference point on the carrier ribbon 24 for the fiber sensor.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the sensor ribbon 13 , as could be used by way of example for the fiber sensor shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the line conductors 17 two of which are provided, are arranged on the two edges 29 and therefore enclose the sensor fiber 15 between them. This has the advantage that the sensor fibers 15 , which are more sensitive than the line conductors 17 , are protected.
  • the line conductors 17 and the sensor fibers 15 are jointly embedded in the material of the sensor ribbon 13 , and this can be done, for example, by encapsulation in a silicone rubber, which ensures a high degree of flexibility of the resultant sensor ribbon 13 .
  • FIG. 4 shows another possible form of the sensor ribbon 13 .
  • This has exclusively sensor fibers 15 which can be encapsulated in the manner described in relation to FIG. 3 .
  • an adhesive layer 30 is applied to the lower face of the sensor ribbon 13 , and connects the sensor ribbon 13 to an electrical ribbon conductor 31 .
  • the ribbon conductor 31 has a substrate 32 on which conductive paths 33 have been produced, for example by structuring by etching.
  • the entire assembly comprising the sensor ribbon 13 and the ribbon conductor 31 is additionally provided with an elastic sheath 34 , for example composed of rubber.
  • the conductive paths 33 are produced directly on the sensor ribbon 13 . This can be done, for example, by coating using the CVD method.
  • the functionality of the ribbon conductor 33 as shown in FIG. 4 is therefore at the same time integrated in the sensor ribbon 13 .
  • This assembly is also provided with a sheath 34 , corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
US12/452,706 2007-07-18 2008-07-15 Optical fiber sensor having electrical connectors Abandoned US20100183297A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007034264 2007-07-18
DE102007034264.2 2007-07-18
DE102007046385.7 2007-09-21
DE102007046385A DE102007046385A1 (de) 2007-07-18 2007-09-21 Optischer Fasersensor mit elektrischen Anschlüssen
PCT/EP2008/059254 WO2009010519A1 (de) 2007-07-18 2008-07-15 Optischer fasersensor mit elektrischen anschlüssen

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US20100183297A1 true US20100183297A1 (en) 2010-07-22

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US12/452,706 Abandoned US20100183297A1 (en) 2007-07-18 2008-07-15 Optical fiber sensor having electrical connectors
US12/669,321 Expired - Fee Related US8435191B2 (en) 2007-07-18 2008-07-15 Support structure for a sensor strip and sensor strip for mounting on said support structure

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US (2) US20100183297A1 (de)
EP (3) EP2170167B1 (de)
AT (3) ATE511078T1 (de)
DE (5) DE102007044554B3 (de)
ES (2) ES2381611T3 (de)
WO (4) WO2009010519A1 (de)

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US20100240981A1 (en) 2010-09-23
EP2167913B1 (de) 2011-05-25
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EP2170167B1 (de) 2012-04-18
ES2363187T3 (es) 2011-07-26
DE102007046385A1 (de) 2009-01-22
ATE511076T1 (de) 2011-06-15
ES2381611T3 (es) 2012-05-29
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EP2167909B1 (de) 2011-05-25
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