US20080240973A1 - Copper-Zinc Alloy and Synchronizer Ring Produced Therefrom - Google Patents

Copper-Zinc Alloy and Synchronizer Ring Produced Therefrom Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080240973A1
US20080240973A1 US12/133,710 US13371008A US2008240973A1 US 20080240973 A1 US20080240973 A1 US 20080240973A1 US 13371008 A US13371008 A US 13371008A US 2008240973 A1 US2008240973 A1 US 2008240973A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
less
copper
amount
lead
zinc alloy
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Abandoned
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US12/133,710
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English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Gaag
Meinrad Holderied
Friedrich Gebhard
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Diehl Metall Stiftung and Co KG
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Diehl Metall Stiftung and Co KG
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Application filed by Diehl Metall Stiftung and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Metall Stiftung and Co KG
Publication of US20080240973A1 publication Critical patent/US20080240973A1/en
Assigned to DIEHL METALL STIFTUNG & CO. KG reassignment DIEHL METALL STIFTUNG & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GEBHARD, FRIEDRICH, HOLDERIED, MEINRAD, GAAG, NORBERT
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/025—Synchro rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with means for synchronisation not incorporated in the clutches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a novel copper-zinc alloy.
  • the invention also relates to a use of such a copper-zinc alloy for producing a synchronizer ring, as well as to a synchronizer ring.
  • Copper-zinc alloys or brasses are used in the plumbing and sanitary industries as well as in the electronics industry.
  • brass rings with a high wear resistance and a high friction coefficient are employed for synchronizer rings which are used in a mechanical gearbox for synchronizing the gear wheel.
  • a lead-free copper-zinc alloy for applications in the plumbing industry is known from European patent EP 1 045 041 B1 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,413,330 B1.
  • the disclosed alloy comprises 69 to 79 wt. % copper, 2 to 4 wt. % silicon, 0.1 to 1.5 wt. % aluminum and 0.02 to 0.25 wt. % phosphorus. This interaction of the components silicon, aluminum and phosphorus is intended to produce a gamma phase of the alloy, which ensures good machine processability without using lead.
  • German patent DE 29 19 478 C2 discloses a copper-zinc alloy having 70 to 73 wt. % copper, 6 to 8 wt. % manganese, 4 to 6 wt. % aluminum, 1 to 4 wt. % silicon, 1 to 3 wt. % iron, 0.5 to 1.5 wt. % lead, 0 to 0.2 wt. % nickel, 0 to 0.2 wt. % tin and zinc as the remainder.
  • this alloy comprises a lattice of 60 to 85% a mixed crystal predominantly as a finely disperse distribution in the ⁇ phase. Lead is alloyed to it in a relatively small weight proportion.
  • German patent DE 37 35 783 C1 and its counterpart U.S. Pat. No. 4,954,187 describe a copper-zinc alloy to be used particularly for synchronizer rings, which consists of 50 to 65 wt. % copper, 1 to 6 wt. % aluminum, 0.5 to 5 wt. % silicon, 5 to 8 wt. % nickel as well as selectively 0 to 1 wt. % iron, 0 to 2 wt. % lead and zinc as the remainder. A lead proportion of less than 2 wt. % is optional.
  • the high wear resistance is achieved in that the nickel is present predominantly as an intermetallic compound with silicon and aluminum.
  • a copper-zinc alloy having high wear resistance is furthermore known from European patent EP 0 657 555 B1, which comprises 40 to 65 wt. % copper, 8 to 25 wt. % nickel, 2.5 to 5 wt. % silicon, 0 to 3 wt. % aluminum, 0 to 3 wt. % iron, 0 to 2 wt. % manganese, 0 to 2 wt. % lead, the remainder being zinc as well as unavoidable impurities.
  • the high wear resistance is achieved by the very high nickel and silicon contents, the effect of which is that the matrix contains a high volume content of nickel silicides.
  • the lattice comprises no y phase and consists primarily of ⁇ phases. Lead in small amounts is considered useful with a view to good processability.
  • German patent DE 28 30 459 C3 and its counterpart U.S. Pat. No. 4,191,564 relate to a copper-nickel alloy with high wear resistance, which consists of 45 to 75 wt. % copper, 2 to 7 wt. % aluminum, 0.1 to 2 wt. % iron, 1 to 5 wt. % nickel, 0.5 to 2 wt. % silicon, 0.1 to 2 wt. % cobalt and the remainder zinc.
  • this alloy furthermore contains an intermetallic compound of the nickel-silicon type, into which aluminum and cobalt are also bound. It does not contain lead.
  • German patent DE 38 09 994 C3 and its counterpart U.S. Pat. No. 4,995,924 a copper-zinc alloy is formed for a synchronizer ring from 20 to 40 wt. % zinc, 2 to 8 wt. % aluminum, from at least two further components which form intermetallic compounds, at least one of the components being titanium, and for the remaining part from copper and random impurities.
  • the high wear resistance is achieved by the intermetallic compounds. Lead is unnecessary.
  • a feature common to the low-lead and lead-free copper-zinc alloys which have a high wear strength is that they have a high content of intermetallic phases. These intermetallic phases lead to a certain brittleness of the alloy, so that it becomes easier to machine process. The swarf breaks readily and can be transported away. For this reason, the proportion of lead can be reduced or lead can be omitted. If a high wear resistance is not required, as in U.S. Pat. No. 6,413,330 and European patent EP 1 045 041 B1, then the lead content can be reduced by stabilizing a y phase in the alloy through an interaction of silicon, aluminum and phosphorus. This alloy contains phosphorus in order to ensure a dezincing resistance of the alloy for the desired application in the sanitary industry.
  • a copper-zinc alloy which comprises 55 to 75 wt. % copper, 0.1 to 8 wt. % aluminum, 0.3 to 3.5 wt. % iron, 0.5 to 8 wt. % manganese, 0 to less than 5 wt. % nickel, 0 to less than 0.1 wt. % lead, 0 to 3 wt. % tin, 0.3 to 5 wt. % silicon, 0 to less than 0.1 wt. % cobalt, 0 to less than 0.05 wt. % titanium, 0 to less than 0.02 wt. % phosphorus, unavoidable impurities and the remainder zinc.
  • the invention is based on the idea of deliberately lowering the lead content below 0.1 wt. % without providing compensation in respect of the desired mechanical processability by intermetallic phases or stabilisation of a y phase.
  • a sufficient wear resistance is ensured by the necessary alloy components aluminum, manganese, iron and silicon.
  • Manganese, iron and silicon in the specified quantitative ranges lead to a sufficient basic proportion of intermetallic phases in the copper-zinc alloy.
  • aluminum hardens the mixed crystal.
  • Manganese makes a positive contribution to the wear resistance.
  • An improvement can be achieved through the optionally mentioned further alloy components nickel and tin. It may contain cobalt and titanium up to below the specified limits. Alloying it with them beyond this, however, is unnecessary for the desired mechanical processability and for achieving the desired wear resistance.
  • Phosphorus as an alloy component is unnecessary for improving the dezincing resistance.
  • the wear resistance and the abrasion strength of the copper-zinc alloy can be improved when the copper-zinc alloy advantageously comprises aluminum in a proportion of from 0.5 to 2.5 wt. %, iron in a proportion of from 0.3 to 1 wt. %, manganese in a proportion of from 0.5 to 5 wt. %, nickel in a proportion of from 0.5 to less than 5 wt. %, tin in a proportion of from 0 to 1.5 wt. % and silicon in a proportion of from 0.3 to 2 wt. %.
  • the copper-zinc alloy comprises a higher proportion of aluminum and is distinguished in that it comprises aluminum in a proportion of from 3 to 8 wt. %, iron in a proportion of from 1 to 3 wt. %, manganese in a proportion of from 5 to 8 wt. %, nickel in a proportion of from 0 to less than 0.5 wt. %, tin in a proportion of from 0 to less than 0.5 wt. % and silicon in a proportion of from 1 to 4 wt. %.
  • Such a material has the mechanical properties necessary for a synchronizer ring.
  • the copper-zinc alloy is suitable for producing a synchronizer ring—also referred to as a synchronizing ring—particularly by machining.
  • the sole figure of the drawing is a perspective view of a synchronizer ring according to the invention.
  • a synchronizer ring also referred to as a synchronizing ring—as can be produced in particular by machining from a copper-zinc alloy.
  • the synchronizer ring 1 has an inner surface 3 , which is intended for friction pairing with a conical friction partner.
  • Teeth 2 which engage with corresponding slots on a mating slotted sleeve, are arranged on the outer circumference of the synchronizer ring 1 .
  • the inner surface 3 has oil channels 4 fitted in an axial direction, which rapidly transport away the oil present in the case of friction pairing.
  • Alloy 1A contains 57.9 wt. % copper, 1.65 wt. % aluminum, 0.4 wt. % iron, 1.95 wt. % manganese, 0.55 wt. % lead, 0.6 wt. % silicon and the remainder zinc.
  • Alloy 1 B differs from this alloy 1A in that lead is absent from it, i.e. it contains lead only at an unavoidable impurity level of 0.02 wt. %.
  • Alloy 2 ⁇ contains 69.7 wt. % copper, 5.2 wt. % aluminum, 1.1 wt. % iron, 7.8 wt.
  • Alloy 2B differs from alloy 2A in that it contains lead only at an unavoidable level of 0.05.
  • Alloys A are comparative alloys containing lead, which are suitable in respect of their wear resistance and processability for synchronizer rings.
  • the alloys B are embodiments of the invention.
  • the wear strength in km/g and the friction coefficient are determined in a Reichert friction-and-wear balance with a sliding speed of 1.65 m/sec and a load of 52 N/mm 2 over a total traveled distance of 2500 m.
  • a brass pin made of the respective test alloy with a diameter of 2.7 mm is pressed with the specified load onto a revolving steel ring.
  • the wear strength and the friction coefficient are determined from the weight loss of the brass pin after the specified running distance. The result is summarized in the following table:
  • the lead-free alloys are suitable particularly for producing a synchronizer ring.
  • the need for the addition of lead to improve the mechanical processability is therefore obviated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
US12/133,710 2005-12-13 2008-06-05 Copper-Zinc Alloy and Synchronizer Ring Produced Therefrom Abandoned US20080240973A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005059391.7 2005-12-13
DE102005059391A DE102005059391A1 (de) 2005-12-13 2005-12-13 Kupfer-Zink-Legierung sowie daraus hergestellter Synchronring
PCT/EP2006/011622 WO2007068368A1 (de) 2005-12-13 2006-12-05 Kupfer-zink-legierung sowie daraus hergestellter synchronring

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/011622 Continuation WO2007068368A1 (de) 2005-12-13 2006-12-05 Kupfer-zink-legierung sowie daraus hergestellter synchronring

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US20080240973A1 true US20080240973A1 (en) 2008-10-02

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US12/133,710 Abandoned US20080240973A1 (en) 2005-12-13 2008-06-05 Copper-Zinc Alloy and Synchronizer Ring Produced Therefrom

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US (1) US20080240973A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP1960560B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2009519376A (pt)
KR (2) KR20140054439A (pt)
CN (1) CN101331241B (pt)
AR (1) AR056755A1 (pt)
BR (2) BR122014003022B1 (pt)
DE (1) DE102005059391A1 (pt)
PL (1) PL1960560T3 (pt)
RU (1) RU2415188C2 (pt)
WO (1) WO2007068368A1 (pt)

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US20090022620A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-22 Kai Weber Copper-zinc alloy, production method and use
US20100155011A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Chuankai Xu Lead-Free Free-Cutting Aluminum Brass Alloy And Its Manufacturing Method
US20100158748A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Xiamen Lota International Co., Ltd. Lead-Free Free-Cutting Aluminum Brass Alloy And Its Manufacturing Method
US20110129383A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-02 Chan Wen Copper Industry Co., Ltd. Copper-zinc alloy
US9209567B2 (en) * 2011-09-21 2015-12-08 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Clamping body for an electrical conductor
EP2971819A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-01-20 Honeywell International Inc. Brass alloys for use in turbocharger bearing applications
US9322085B2 (en) 2009-01-06 2016-04-26 Oiles Corporation High-strength brass alloy for sliding members, and sliding members
CN105980586A (zh) * 2014-02-04 2016-09-28 奥托福克斯两合公司 润滑剂相容的铜合金
US9637808B2 (en) 2013-05-24 2017-05-02 Wieland-Werke Ag Refill for a ball-point pen and use thereof
US20190093195A1 (en) * 2016-05-20 2019-03-28 Otto Fuchs Kommanditgesellschaft Lead-Free High Tensile Brass Alloy and High Tensile Brass Alloy Product
US10316398B2 (en) 2014-05-16 2019-06-11 Otto Fuchs Kommanditgesellschaft High-tensile brass alloy and alloy product
US10364482B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2019-07-30 Wieland-Werke Ag Copper-zinc alloy, band material composed thereof, process for producing a semifinished part composed of a copper-zinc alloy and sliding element composed of a copper-zinc alloy
US10570484B2 (en) 2016-05-20 2020-02-25 Otto Fuchs Kommanditgesellschaft High tensile brass alloy and high tensile brass alloy product
CN114540657A (zh) * 2022-03-24 2022-05-27 中南大学 一种具有宽频电磁屏蔽的稀土铜合金材料及其制备方法

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DE102009014760A1 (de) * 2009-03-27 2010-11-11 Diehl Metall Stiftung & Co. Kg Kupfer-Zink-Legierung
WO2011035806A1 (de) * 2009-09-24 2011-03-31 Otto Fuchs Kg Synchronringpaket sowie verfahren zum ausbilden der reibbeläge eines synchronringes
CN101788049A (zh) * 2010-03-22 2010-07-28 北京理工大学 一种短行程同步环
CL2010000655A1 (es) * 2010-06-18 2010-10-22 Com Kraviva Spa Herraduras de aleacion de cobre con propiedades bactericidas y fungicidas que comprenden cobre, zinc, aluminio, hierro y opcionalmente manganeso.
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KR102050429B1 (ko) 2017-12-12 2020-01-08 충남대학교산학협력단 연성상 분산 층상 구조의 마찰 기계 부재의 제조방법
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US20090022620A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-22 Kai Weber Copper-zinc alloy, production method and use
US20100155011A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Chuankai Xu Lead-Free Free-Cutting Aluminum Brass Alloy And Its Manufacturing Method
US20100158748A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2010-06-24 Xiamen Lota International Co., Ltd. Lead-Free Free-Cutting Aluminum Brass Alloy And Its Manufacturing Method
US7776163B2 (en) 2008-12-23 2010-08-17 Xiamen Lota International Co., Ltd. Lead-free free-cutting aluminum brass alloy and its manufacturing method
US9322085B2 (en) 2009-01-06 2016-04-26 Oiles Corporation High-strength brass alloy for sliding members, and sliding members
US20110129383A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-02 Chan Wen Copper Industry Co., Ltd. Copper-zinc alloy
US9209567B2 (en) * 2011-09-21 2015-12-08 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Clamping body for an electrical conductor
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US9637808B2 (en) 2013-05-24 2017-05-02 Wieland-Werke Ag Refill for a ball-point pen and use thereof
CN105980586A (zh) * 2014-02-04 2016-09-28 奥托福克斯两合公司 润滑剂相容的铜合金
US11427890B2 (en) * 2014-02-04 2022-08-30 Otto Fuchs Kommanditgesellschaft Lubricant-compatible copper alloy
US10316398B2 (en) 2014-05-16 2019-06-11 Otto Fuchs Kommanditgesellschaft High-tensile brass alloy and alloy product
US10364482B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2019-07-30 Wieland-Werke Ag Copper-zinc alloy, band material composed thereof, process for producing a semifinished part composed of a copper-zinc alloy and sliding element composed of a copper-zinc alloy
US20190093195A1 (en) * 2016-05-20 2019-03-28 Otto Fuchs Kommanditgesellschaft Lead-Free High Tensile Brass Alloy and High Tensile Brass Alloy Product
US10570484B2 (en) 2016-05-20 2020-02-25 Otto Fuchs Kommanditgesellschaft High tensile brass alloy and high tensile brass alloy product
US11359263B2 (en) 2016-05-20 2022-06-14 Otto Fuchs Kommanditgesellschaft Lead-free high tensile brass alloy and high tensile brass alloy product
CN114540657A (zh) * 2022-03-24 2022-05-27 中南大学 一种具有宽频电磁屏蔽的稀土铜合金材料及其制备方法

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AR056755A1 (es) 2007-10-24
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RU2008128429A (ru) 2010-01-20
KR20140054439A (ko) 2014-05-08
CN101331241B (zh) 2012-08-29
WO2007068368A1 (de) 2007-06-21
JP2009519376A (ja) 2009-05-14
CN101331241A (zh) 2008-12-24
BR122014003022B1 (pt) 2018-04-03
KR20080080156A (ko) 2008-09-02
BRPI0619813A2 (pt) 2011-10-18
RU2415188C2 (ru) 2011-03-27

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