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  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
  • C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D491/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

• Vasopressin is a 9 amino acid peptide mainly produced by the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Three vasopressin receptors, all belonging to the class I G-protein coupled receptors, are known.
• the V1a receptor is expressed in the brain, liver, vascular smooth muscle, lung, uterus and testis, the V1b or V3 receptor is expressed in the brain and pituitary gland, the V2 receptor is expressed in the kidney where it regulates water excretion and mediates the antidiuretic effects of vasopressin.
• vasopressin acts as a neurohormone and stimulates vasoconstriction, glycogenolysis and antidiuresis.
• vasopressin acts as a neuromodulator and is elevated in the amygdala during stress (Ebner, K., C. T. Wotjak, et al. (2002). “Forced swimming triggers vasopressin release within the amygdala to modulate stress-coping strategies in rats.” Eur J Neurosci 15(2): 384-8).
• the V1a receptor is extensively expressed in the brain and particularly in limbic areas like the amygdala, lateral septum and hippocampus which are playing an important role in the regulation of anxiety.
• V1a knock-out mouse show a reduction in anxious behavior in the plus-maze, open field and light-dark box (Bielsky, I. F., S. B. Hu, et al. (2003). “Profound Impairment in Social Recognition and Reduction in Anxiety-Like Behavior in Vasopressin V1a Receptor Knockout Mice.” Neuropsychopharmacology ).
• the downregulation of the V1a receptor using antisense oligonucleotide injection in the septum also causes a reduction in anxious behavior (Landgraf, R., R. Gerstberger, et al. (1995). “V1 vasopressin receptor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide into septum reduces vasopressin binding, social discrimination abilities, and anxiety-related behavior in rats.” Regul Pept 59(2): 229-39).
• the V1a receptor is also mediating the cardiovascular effects of vasopressin in the brain by centrally regulating blood pressure and heart rate in the solitary tract nucleus (Michelini, L. C. and M. Morris (1999). “Endogenous vasopressin modulates the cardiovascular responses to exercise.” Ann N Y Acad Sci 897: 198-211). In the periphery it induces the contraction of vascular smooth muscles and chronic inhibition of the V1a receptor improves hemodynamic parameters in myocardial infarcted rats (Van Kerckhoven, R., I. Lankhuizen, et al. (2002). “Chronic vasopressin V(1A) but not V(2) receptor antagonism prevents heart failure in chronically infarcted rats.” Eur J Pharmacol 449(1-2): 135-41).
• the present invention provides novel indol-2-yl-carbonyl-piperidin-benzoimidazolon and indol-2-yl-carbonyl-piperidin-benzoxazolon derivatives, their manufacture, pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
• the compounds of formula (I) are V1a receptor modulators, and in particular are V1a receptor antagonists.
• the present invention provides methods for the treatment of such conditions as dysmenorrhea, hypertension, chronic heart failure, inappropriate secretion of vasopressin, liver cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety and depressive disorders.
• the preferred indications with regard to the present invention are the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders.
• X and Y are selected from the combinations of:
• X is NR 7 and Y is C ⁇ O
• X is CH 2 and Y is C ⁇ O
• X—Y is N ⁇ N
• X is O and Y is C ⁇ O;
• R 1 is hydrogen
• R 2 is hydrogen
• R 3 is hydrogen, halo, or C 1-6 -alkyl
• R 4 is hydrogen
• R 5 is hydrogen, halo, C 1-6 -alkyl, or C 1-6 -alkoxy
• R 6 is hydrogen
• R 7 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl
• R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 are each independently hydrogen, halo, C 1-6 -alkyl, halo-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or halo-C 1-6 -alkoxy;
• R a , R b , R i and R j are each independently
• R c , R d , R g and R h are each independently
• R f is selected from
• the compounds of formula (I) can be manufactured by the methods given below, by the methods given in the examples or by analogous methods. Appropriate reaction conditions for the individual reaction steps are known to a person skilled in the art. Starting materials are either commercially available or can be prepared by methods analogous to the methods given below, by methods described in references cited in the text or in the examples, or by methods known in the art.
• alkyl refers to a branched or straight-chain monovalent saturated hydrocarbon radical.
• C 1-6 -alkyl denotes a saturated straight- or branched-chain hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, the isomeric pentyls and the like.
• a preferred sub-group of C 1-6 -alkyl is C 1-4 -alkyl, i.e. with 1-4 carbon atoms.
• alkylene refers to a linear or branched saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical.
• C 1-6 -alkylene means a linear saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of one to six carbon atoms or a branched saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, e.g. methylene, ethylene, 2,2-dimethylethylene, n-propylene, 2-methylpropylene, and the like.
• alkoxy and C 1-6 -alkoxy refer to the group R′—O—, wherein R′ is C 1-6 -alkyl as defined above.
• alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, sec-butoxy and the like.
• a preferred sub-group of C 1-6 -alkoxy, and still more preferred alkoxy groups are methoxy and/or ethoxy.
• thioalkyl and “C 1-6 -thioalkyl” refers to the group R′—S—, wherein R′ is C 1-6 -alkyl as defined above.
• C 1-6 -hydroxyalkyl and “C 1-6 -alkyl substituted by OH” denote a C 1-6 -alkyl group as defined above wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced by a hydroxyl group.
• C 1-6 -cyanoalkyl and “C 1-6 -alkyl substituted by CN” denote a C 1-6 -alkyl group as defined above wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced by a CN group.
• halo and “halogen” refer to fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I) with fluorine, chlorine and bromine being preferred.
• halo-C 1-6 -alkyl denotes a C 1-6 -alkyl group as defined above wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced by a halogen atom, preferably fluoro or chloro, most preferably fluoro.
• halo-C 1-6 -alkyl include but are not limited to methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl or n-hexyl substituted by one or more Cl, F, Br or I atom(s) as well as those groups specifically illustrated by the examples herein below.
• the preferred halo-C 1-6 -alkyl groups are difluoro- or trifluoro-methyl or -ethyl.
• halo-C 1-6 -alkoxy denotes a C 1-6 -alkoxy group as defined above wherein at least one of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is replaced by a halogen atom, preferably fluoro or chloro, most preferably fluoro.
• halogenated alkoxy groups are difluoro- or trifluoro-methoxy or -ethoxy.
• C 2-12 -alkenyl denotes a straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon residue of 2 to 12 carbon atoms comprising at least one double bond.
• a preferred sub-group of C 2-12 -alkenyl is C 2-6 -alkenyl.
• Examples of the preferred alkenyl groups are ethenyl, propen-1-yl, propen-2-yl (allyl), buten-1-yl, buten-2-yl, buten-3-yl, penten-1-yl, penten-2-yl, penten-3-yl, penten-4-yl, hexen-1-yl, hexen-2-yl, hexen-3-yl, hexen-4-yl and hexen-5-yl, as well as those specifically illustrated by the examples herein below.
• 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl means an aromatic ring of 5 or 6 ring atoms as ring members containing one, two, or three ring heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, the rest being carbon atoms.
• 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl can optionally be substituted with one, two, three or four substituents, wherein each substituent may independently be selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 1-6 -thioalkyl, halo, cyano, nitro, halo-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -hydroxyalkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, amino, C 1-6 -alkylamino, di(C 1-6 )alkylamino, aminocarbonyl, and carbonylamino, unless otherwise specifically indicated.
• Preferred substituents are halo, halo-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, halo-C 1-6 -alkoxy, nitro, or cyano.
• heteroaryl moieties include, but are not limited to, optionally substituted imidazolyl, optionally substituted oxazolyl, optionally substituted thiazolyl, optionally substituted pyrazinyl, optionally substituted pyrrolyl, optionally substituted pyrazinyl, optionally substituted pyridinyl, optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, optionally substituted furanyl, and those which are specifically exemplified herein.
• heterocycloalkyl means a monovalent saturated moiety, consisting of one ring of 3 to 7, preferably from 4 to 6 atoms as ring members, including one, two, or three heteroatoms chosen from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, the rest being carbon atoms.
• 3 to 7 membered heterocycloalkyl can optionally be substituted with one, two, three or four substituents, wherein each substituent is independently hydroxy, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, C 1-6 -thioalkyl, halo, cyano, nitro, halo-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -hydroxyalkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxycarbonyl, amino, C 1-6 -alkylamino, di(C 1-6 )alkylamino, aminocarbonyl, or carbonylamino, unless otherwise specifically indicated.
• Preferred substituents are halo, halo-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, halo-C 1-6 -alkoxy, nitro, or cyano.
• heterocyclic moieties include, but are not limited to, optionally substituted tetrahydro-furanyl, optionally substituted piperidinyl, optionally substituted pyrrolidinyl, optionally substituted morpholinyl, optionally substituted piperazinyl, and the like or those which are specifically exemplified herein.
• heterocycle in the definition “R a and R b , R c and R d , R g and R h , R i and R j , together with the nitrogen to which they are bound form a five- or six-membered heterocycle comprising one or two heteroatoms selected from the group of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur” means either heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl in the above-given sense which may optionally be substituted as described above.
• the “heterocycle” may optionally be substituted with one, two or three substituents selected from halo, halo-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy, halo-C 1-6 -alkoxy, nitro, and cyano.
• Preferred heterocycles are piperazine, N-methylpiperazine, morpholin, piperidine and pyrrolidine.
• substituents preferably means one, two or three substituents per ring.
• cycloalkyl means a cycloalkyl group containing 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl. Cycloalkyl containing 3 to 4 carbon atoms are the most preferred.
• “Pharmaceutically acceptable,” such as pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, etc., means pharmacologically acceptable and substantially non-toxic to the subject to which the particular compound is administered.
• pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt embraces salts with inorganic and organic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, acetic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, methane-sulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like.
• “Therapeutically effective amount” means an amount that is effective to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate symptoms of disease or prolong the survival of the subject being treated.
• X and Y are selected from the combinations of:
• X is NR 7 and Y is C ⁇ O
• X is CH 2 and Y is C ⁇ O
• X—Y is N—N
• X is O and Y is C ⁇ O;
• R 1 is hydrogen
• R 2 is hydrogen
• R 3 is hydrogen, halo, or C 1-6 -alkyl
• R 4 is hydrogen
• R 5 is hydrogen, halo, C 1-6 -alkyl, or C 1-6 -alkoxy
• R 6 is hydrogen
• R 7 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl
• R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 are each independently hydrogen, halo, C 1-6 -alkyl, halo-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or halo-C 1-6 -alkoxy;
• R a , R b , R i and R j are each independently
• R c , R d , R g and R h are each independently
• R f is selected from
• R a and R b , R c and R d , R i and R j , or R g and R h together with the nitrogen to which they are bound may form piperazine, 4-(C 1-6 -alkyl)-piperazine, 4-methylpiperazine, morpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine.
• R a and R b , R c and R d , R i and R j , or R g and R h together with the nitrogen to which they are bound may form 4-methylpiperazine, or morpholine.
• R m is a 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl
• the preferred heteroaryl is selected from the group consisting of pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole, and isoxazole.
• R m is a 4- to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl
• the preferred heterocycloalkyl is selected from the group consisting of pyrrolidine, oxethane, tetrahydropyrane, piperidine, morpholine, and piperazine.
• R l is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl, optionally substituted by CN or OH.
• R 2 is hydrogen
• R 3 is hydrogen or halo.
• R 4 is hydrogen
• R 5 is hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, or C 1-6 -alkoxy
• R 6 is hydrogen
• R 6 is hydrogen
• R 7 is hydrogen
• all R 8 to R 11 are hydrogen.
• R 8 to R 11 are independently hydrogen or halo.
• R 9 is fluoro
• R 8 , R 10 and R 11 are hydrogen
• R 8 , R 9 and R 11 are hydrogen and R 10 is bromo.
• R 8 to R 11 are independently hydrogen or methyl.
• R 8 to R 10 are hydrogen and R 11 is methyl.
• X is NR 7 and Y is C ⁇ O, i.e. compounds of formula (Ia)
• R 1 to R 11 are as defined herein above.
• X is CH 2 and Y is C ⁇ O, i.e. compounds of formula (Ib)
• R 1 to R 6 and R 8 to R 11 are as defined herein above.
• X—Y is N ⁇ N, i.e. compounds of formula (Ic)
• R 1 to R 6 and R 8 to R 11 are as defined herein above.
• X is O and Y is C ⁇ O, i.e. compounds of formula (Id)
• R 1 to R 6 and R 8 to R 11 are as defined herein above.
• R 1 to R 6 are not all hydrogen.
• R 1 to R 11 are not all hydrogen.
• X is NR 7 and Y is C ⁇ O;
• X is CH 2 and Y is C ⁇ O;
• X—Y is N ⁇ N
• R 1 is hydrogen
• R 2 is hydrogen
• R 3 is hydrogen, halo, or C 1-6 -alkyl
• R 4 is hydrogen
• R 5 is hydrogen, halo, C 1-6 -alkyl, or C 1-6 -alkoxy
• R 6 is hydrogen
• R 7 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl
• R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 are each independently hydrogen, halo, C 1-6 -alkyl or halo-C 1-6 -alkyl.
• X is NR 7 and Y is C ⁇ O;
• X is CH 2 and Y is C ⁇ O;
• X—Y is N ⁇ N
• X is O and Y is C ⁇ O;
• R 1 is hydrogen or C 1-6 -alkyl, optionally substituted by CN or OH;
• R 2 is hydrogen
• R 3 is hydrogen, halo, or C 1-6 -alkyl
• R 4 is hydrogen, halo, C 1-6 -alkyl, or C 1-6 -alkoxy
• R 5 is hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, or C 1-6 -alkoxy
• R 6 is hydrogen
• R 7 is hydrogen
• R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 are each hydrogen.
• Preferred compounds of the invention are those as shown in the examples above.
• a preferred compound of formula Ib is
• the invention also encompasses methods for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, hypertension, chronic heart failure, inappropriate secretion of vasopressin, liver cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety and depressive disorders which comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), or (Id).
• the invention also encompasses a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), or (Id) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the pharmaceutical composition can further comprise at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
• the compound of the invention can be manufactured according to a process comprising reacting a compound of formula (II):
• R 1 to R 6 and R 8 to R 11 and X and Y are as defined above.
• the compound of the invention can be manufactured according to a process comprising reacting a compound of formula (I-1):
• A is:
• X and Y are selected from the combinations of:
• X is NR 7 and Y is C ⁇ O
• X is CH 2 and Y is C ⁇ O
• X—Y is N ⁇ N
• X is O and Y is C ⁇ O
• Compounds of formula (I) can be prepared via an amide coupling between an indole 2-carboxylic acid (II) and a compound of formula (A-H), wherein A is defined as hereinabove.
• the usual reagents and protocols known in the art can be used to effect the amide coupling.
• Indole 2-carboxylic acids (II) are either commercially available or readily prepared using procedures described hereinafter.
• the compounds of formula (A-H) are either commercially available or prepared using methods known in the art starting from commercially available materials.
• General scheme A is hereinafter further illustrated with general procedure I.
• Compounds of formula (I-2) (compounds of formula (I) wherein R 1 is different from H), can be prepared by alkylation of the indole derivative of formula (I-1), with an electrophile of formula R 1 -hal (commercially available, wherein hal is halo, preferably Cl or Br) using standard procedures.
• Derivatives (I-1) are prepared using the amide coupling as described in the general scheme A.
• Substituted indole 2-carboxylic acids can be prepared according to the general scheme C.
• Indoles V are obtained by a Fischer indole synthesis from an aryl hydrazine III and a ⁇ -ketoester IV. Saponification gives an acid of formula II-a.
• Boc protection of the indole nitrogen gives VI.
• Selective bromination of the methyl group in the 7-position of the indole using NBS affords VII.
• Subsequent nucleophilic substitution of 7-bromomethyl indole intermediate VII with NaCN or a secondary amine yields intermediates VIII and IX, respectively.
• the corresponding carboxylics acids II-b and II-c are obtained.
• the human V1a receptor was cloned by RT-PCR from total human liver RNA.
• the coding sequence was subcloned in an expression vector after sequencing to confirm the identity of the amplified sequence.
• Cell membranes were prepared from HEK293 cells transiently transfected with the expression vector and grown in 20 liter fermenters with the following protocol.
• the pellet was resuspended in 12.5 ml Lysis buffer+12.5 ml Sucrose 20% and homogenized using a Polytron for 1-2 min.
• the protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method and aliquots were stored at ⁇ 80° C. until use.
• 60 mg Yttrium silicate SPA beads (Amersham) were mixed with an aliquot of membrane in binding buffer (50 mM Tris, 120 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl2, 10 mM MgCl2) for 15 minutes with mixing.
• the present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the invention, for example compounds of formula I or IA, and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• Such pharmaceutical compositions can be in the form of tablets, coated tablets, dragées, hard and soft gelatin capsules, solutions, emulsions or suspensions.
• the pharmaceutical compositions also can be in the form of suppositories or injectable solutions.
• the pharmaceutical compounds of the invention in addition to one or more compounds of the invention, contain a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include pharmaceutically inert, inorganic and organic carriers. Lactose, corn starch or derivatives thereof, talc, stearic acid or its salts etc can be used as such excipients e.g. for tablets, dragées and hard gelatin capsules.
• Suitable excipients for soft gelatin capsules are e.g. vegetable oils, waxes, fats, semi-solid and liquid polyols etc.
• Suitable excipients for the manufacture of solutions and syrups are e.g. water, polyols, saccharose, invert sugar, glucose etc.
• Suitable excipients for injection solutions are e.g. water, alcohols, polyols, glycerol, vegetable oils etc.
• Suitable excipients for suppositories are e.g. natural or hardened oils, waxes, fats, semi-liquid
• compositions can contain preservatives, solubilizers, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, sweeteners, colorants, flavorants, salts for varying the osmotic pressure, buffers, masking agents or antioxidants. They can also contain still other therapeutically valuable substances.
• the dosage at which compounds of the invention can be administered can vary within wide limits and will, of course, be fitted to the individual requirements in each particular case.
• a daily dosage of about 10 to 1000 mg per person of a compound of general formula (I) should be appropriate, although the above upper limit can also be exceeded when necessary.
• Capsules of the following composition can be manufactured:
• the active substance, lactose and corn starch can be firstly mixed in a mixer and then in a comminuting machine. The mixture then can be returned to the mixer, the talc added thereto, and mixed thoroughly. The mixture can be filled by machine into hard gelatin capsules.
• the suppository mass can be melted in a glass or steel vessel, mixed thoroughly and cooled to 45° C. Thereupon, the finely powdered active substance can be added thereto and stirred until it has dispersed completely.
• the mixture can be poured into suppository moulds of suitable size, left to cool; the suppositories can then be removed from the moulds and packed individually in wax paper or metal foil.

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• 2007
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  • 2007-11-29 US US11/947,195 patent/US20080139618A1/en not_active Abandoned
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  • 2007-11-29 CN CNA2007800421348A patent/CN101541786A/zh active Pending
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• 2009
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