US20080138603A1 - Method of Applying an Anti-Freeze Film to a Transparent Substrate - Google Patents
Method of Applying an Anti-Freeze Film to a Transparent Substrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080138603A1 US20080138603A1 US11/815,049 US81504906A US2008138603A1 US 20080138603 A1 US20080138603 A1 US 20080138603A1 US 81504906 A US81504906 A US 81504906A US 2008138603 A1 US2008138603 A1 US 2008138603A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- film
- temperature
- flexible film
- frost
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 title 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002113 octoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010399 physical interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000007562 Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010071390 Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005686 Serum Globulins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010045362 Serum Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005211 alkyl trimethyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SFFFIHNOEGSAIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene;ethene Chemical compound C=C.C1C2CCC1C=C2 SFFFIHNOEGSAIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyano prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=CC(=O)OC#N NLCKLZIHJQEMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004833 fish glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical class C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004693 imidazolium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVFKSDWNYVAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hydroxyprop-2-enamide Chemical compound ONC(=O)C=C HQVFKSDWNYVAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920006173 natural rubber latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000346 polystyrene-polyisoprene block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/3405—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of organic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/0047—Preventing air-inclusions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10321—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing liquid layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/0038—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving application of liquid to the layers prior to lamination, e.g. wet laminating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/48—Preparation of the surfaces
- B29C2063/483—Preparation of the surfaces by applying a liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/406—Bright, glossy, shiny surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2405/00—Adhesive articles, e.g. adhesive tapes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/0007—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality
- B32B37/003—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality to avoid air inclusion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
- C03C2218/355—Temporary coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249994—Composite having a component wherein a constituent is liquid or is contained within preformed walls [e.g., impregnant-filled, previously void containing component, etc.]
- Y10T428/249995—Constituent is in liquid form
Definitions
- the present invention relates to substrates that are occasionally or permanently at temperatures below 0° C., especially transparent substrates.
- anti-frost allowing the transparency to be protected, hydrophobic, hydrophilic, anti-soiling/self-cleaning (photocatalytic), reflecting light or thermal radiation, at least partly coloured, electrically conducting/heating, semiconductive, antistatic, electroluminescent, etc.
- the process for forming the coating is adapted in order to guarantee the desired adhesion and mechanical strength and, in particular, a scratchability that is as low as possible or a self-healing ability of the scratches in the coating, when the substrate is transparent.
- the coating is regenerated when necessary.
- one or more functions may be provided by an adhesive film, having the advantage of being easy to replace with an identical film or a film having different functions.
- one process may consist in interposing a sufficient amount of a liquid, especially water as a mixture with a surfactant, in order to make it possible to expel all the bubbles by applying a pressure to the film, for example from its central portion to its periphery, using a scraper.
- the object of the invention is therefore to make available a process for assembling a flexible film to a substrate guaranteeing a perfect interside between the two and, especially, the absence of trapped air bubbles and frost formation.
- one subject of the invention is a process for adhering a flexible film to a substrate, comprising the interposition between film and substrate of a sufficient amount of a liquid, so that no bubbles are trapped between film and substrate after the film has been applied to the substrate using a scraper, characterized in that the liquid does not freeze at a substrate temperature that is occasionally or permanently below 0° C., especially of at most ⁇ 5° C. and in particular of at most ⁇ 10° C., and also of at least ⁇ 25° C.
- the substrate is cleared of any particles that are bonded thereto, cleaned and dried, prior to the interposition of a sufficient amount of a liquid between film and substrate.
- the side of the flexible film to be adhered to the substrate is wetted with said sufficient amount of a liquid.
- All suitable techniques for depositing liquid such as flow coating, spray coating or equivalent, may be used. It is not on the other hand excluded to wet the side of the substrate onto which the film is to be adhered with said sufficient amount of a liquid, nor to wet both said sides of the film and said side of the substrate.
- the side of the flexible film to be adhered to the substrate comprises an adhesive layer optionally equipped with a protective film to be removed before adhesion to the substrate.
- an adhesive may be incorporated into the liquid interposed between film and substrate.
- the adhesives may be chosen from:
- Ethanol and isopropanol are especially used as alcohols.
- the hydrophilic polymers, copolymers, prepolymers or oligomers that make up the interposed liquid are especially based on polyvinylpyrrolidone of the poly(n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) or poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone) type, polyvinylpyridine of the poly(n-vinyl-2-pyridine) type, of the poly(n-vinyl-3-pyridine) type or of the poly(n-vinyl-4-pyridine) type, polyacrylate of the poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) type, polyacrylamide of the poly(N′,N-hydroxyacrylamide) type, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrolein, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and polyoxyethylene.
- the copolymers are based on at least one of the monomers forming these polymers.
- a lipophilic part Y which may be a linear, branched or unsaturated aliphatic chain or an aromatic or alkyl aromatic chain, and an ionic or nonionic hydrophilic head.
- Another subject of the invention is formed by a mutually adhered substrate and flexible film obtained with interposition of a sufficient amount of a liquid in the absence of any trapped bubbles, characterized by the persistent absence of frost in the event of moving the substrate and film into an atmosphere where their temperature will be below 0° C., respectively of at most ⁇ 5° C. and ⁇ 10° C., from an atmosphere having a temperature at least equal to 0, preferably between 10 and 35, especially 15 and 30 and in particular 23 and 27° C. and residual humidity of at least 25%.
- the substrate and flexible film form a transparent assembly.
- the substrate is made of glass or a plastic such as polycarbonate, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, cycloolefinic copolymer such as ethylene/norbornene or ethylene/cyclopentadiene, polycarbonate/polyester copolymer, ionomer resin such as ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid copolymer neutralized by a polyamine, and similar, alone or as blends.
- a plastic such as polycarbonate, polypropylene, polymethyl methacrylate, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, cycloolefinic copolymer such as ethylene/n
- the term “physical interaction” is understood here to mean a hydrogen bond, a polar interaction of the Van der Waals type or a hydrophobic interaction able to produce a mechanical reinforcement comparable to crosslinking.
- the anti-frost function may be incorporated into the film itself or into a coating formed on the support for the film.
- Another subject of the invention is glazing comprising a substrate and flexible film as described previously, and also optionally other transparent sheets to which they are connected via intermediate adhesive layer(s) or gas-filled cavity or cavities.
- Said flexible film advantageously forms an outer side of this thus functionalized glazing.
- the glazing especially consists of monolithic, laminated, multiple, insulating, vaccuum glazing.
- Such a multiple insulating glazing has for example two or three sheets of monolithic or laminated glass separated in pairs by a gasfilled cavity.
- the advantage therein may be the thermal insulation of a refrigerated cabinet with respect to the outside atmosphere (of a shop, etc.).
- a vacuum glazing comprising at least two sheets of monolithic or laminated glass separated by a vacuum or a gas-filled cavity at reduced pressure. These two sheets may be combined with a third from which they are separated by a gas-filled cavity that may or may not be at reduced pressure.
- Such structures may comprise one or more low-emissivity layers that reflect the heat radiated by the outside of the refrigerated cabinet.
- the thermal conductivity of its barrier that is to say all the elements by which the various constituent sheets of monolithic or laminated glass are kept together and spaced in pairs, is at most 1.46 W/m.K.
- the invention is indeed particularly benefited from for products subjected, at least occasionally, to temperatures below 0° C., and has an increased advantage for outside applications in harsh climatic conditions.
- the polycarbonate film was coated, on the side opposite that of the adhesive layer, with an adsorbent anti-frost layer forming a three-dimensional polymer network based on polyvinylpyrrolidone and on polyurethane.
- the thickness of the anti-frost layer was equal to 14.5 ⁇ m.
- Tests were carried out on doors installed on refrigerated sales cabinets within which a temperature of ⁇ 25.5° C. was maintained. The temperature measured on the inner side of the door was ⁇ 22° C. The cabinets were placed in an atmosphere at a temperature of 25° C. and 60% residual humidity.
- the door of the cabinet was opened 10 min before fitting the film in order to avoid the formation of frost on the glass.
- the inner side of the door was wetted using a sprayer filled with a washing composition (soapy water).
- the glass was scraped with a scraper in order to remove all the particles that were stuck to it, then with a rubber squeegee to wipe off the water. There should no longer have been any frost on the door. If necessary, the edges could be wiped with a rag.
- the protective film was removed from the adhesive of the polycarbonate film and the liquid indicated in the table below was sprayed onto the adhesive.
- the adhesive side of the film was applied to the glass.
- the other side of the film was wetted by spraying with the same liquid as on the adhesive, so that the rubber squeegee slid easily over the film.
- the film was cut so as to leave a gap of a few mm between the door posts and the film in order to promote the expulsion of the liquid.
- Triton X 100% isopropanol No No No No 12% PEG 200 in water Yes Yes Yes No 50% PEG 200 in water No No No PEG 200 No No No No The percentages are indicated by weight.
- Mir is a detergent composition sold by Henkel.
- Triton X is a mixture of polyethoxylated octylphenols (nonionic surfactant) sold by Union Carbide.
- PEG 200 is a polyethylene glycol sold by Merck (Art. 807483).
- This table illustrates the possibility of reducing the formation of frost until it is prevented from forming, and thus obtaining a permanent absence of frost.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0550271 | 2005-01-31 | ||
FR0550271A FR2881422B1 (fr) | 2005-01-31 | 2005-01-31 | Pose de film antigivre sur substrat transparent |
PCT/FR2006/050073 WO2006079763A2 (fr) | 2005-01-31 | 2006-01-30 | Pose de film antigivre sur substrat transparent |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2006/050073 A-371-Of-International WO2006079763A2 (fr) | 2005-01-31 | 2006-01-30 | Pose de film antigivre sur substrat transparent |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/690,967 Division US8057615B2 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2010-01-21 | Method of applying an anti-freeze film to a transparent substrate |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080138603A1 true US20080138603A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
Family
ID=35840147
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/815,049 Abandoned US20080138603A1 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2006-01-30 | Method of Applying an Anti-Freeze Film to a Transparent Substrate |
US12/690,967 Expired - Fee Related US8057615B2 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2010-01-21 | Method of applying an anti-freeze film to a transparent substrate |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/690,967 Expired - Fee Related US8057615B2 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2010-01-21 | Method of applying an anti-freeze film to a transparent substrate |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20080138603A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1843895A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5160900B2 (ja) |
KR (3) | KR101362793B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101111369A (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0607050A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2595977C (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2881422B1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2007008994A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006079763A2 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL1036681C2 (nl) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-13 | Zeffex Ventures B V | Zelfklevende, optisch transparante anti-condens film. |
WO2015102623A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-09 | Entrotech, Inc. | Methods for application of polymeric film and related assemblies |
US10315399B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2019-06-11 | Entrotech, Inc. | Methods for application of polymeric film and related assemblies |
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FR2910117A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-18 | 2008-06-20 | Saint Gobain | Procede de detection de dysfonctionnement d'une porte d'enceinte refrigeree |
GB2500368A (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2013-09-25 | C G I Internat Ltd | Fire resistant glazing unit with hydrogel interlayer |
BR112015018774A2 (pt) * | 2013-02-05 | 2017-07-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | artigo e método para exibição de um gráfico |
FR3027596A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-04-29 | Saint Gobain | Substrat transparent monolithique anti-condensation |
US10434846B2 (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2019-10-08 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Surfaces of plastic glazing of tailgates |
EP3347219B1 (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2021-04-14 | SABIC Global Technologies B.V. | Aerodynamic features of plastic glazing of tailgates |
CN108025469B (zh) | 2015-09-07 | 2020-12-25 | 沙特基础工业全球技术公司 | 后栏板的塑料玻璃的成型 |
WO2017042703A1 (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2017-03-16 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Lighting systems of tailgates with plastic glazing |
KR102140566B1 (ko) | 2015-11-23 | 2020-08-04 | 사빅 글로벌 테크놀러지스 비.브이. | 플라스틱 글레이징을 갖는 윈도우를 위한 라이팅 시스템 |
US11559147B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2023-01-24 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigerated display cabinet utilizing a radial cross flow fan |
US11116333B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2021-09-14 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigerated display cabinet including microchannel heat exchangers |
US11675111B2 (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2023-06-13 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicle sensor assembly |
CN112430900A (zh) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-02 | 吉林大学 | 一种防霜透光的静电纺丝薄膜及其制备方法和应用 |
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US6144017A (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 2000-11-07 | Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. | Condensation control system for heated insulating glass units |
US6627319B2 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2003-09-30 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Glazing with a functional, especially hydrophobic, mesoporous coating |
US7003920B1 (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2006-02-28 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Transparent glazing and use thereof in a chilling chamber door comprising in particular a glazing under vacuum |
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EP0498005A1 (de) * | 1991-02-06 | 1992-08-12 | Melitta Haushaltsprodukte GmbH & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft | Antibeschlagmittel |
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-
2005
- 2005-01-31 FR FR0550271A patent/FR2881422B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-01-30 KR KR1020077017455A patent/KR101362793B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-01-30 BR BRPI0607050-7A patent/BRPI0607050A2/pt active Search and Examination
- 2006-01-30 EP EP06709457A patent/EP1843895A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-01-30 KR KR1020127029728A patent/KR101364233B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-01-30 US US11/815,049 patent/US20080138603A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-30 CN CNA2006800036473A patent/CN101111369A/zh active Pending
- 2006-01-30 MX MX2007008994A patent/MX2007008994A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2006-01-30 CA CA 2595977 patent/CA2595977C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-30 JP JP2007552704A patent/JP5160900B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-30 KR KR1020127029734A patent/KR101364041B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-01-30 WO PCT/FR2006/050073 patent/WO2006079763A2/fr active Application Filing
-
2010
- 2010-01-21 US US12/690,967 patent/US8057615B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US2471718A (en) * | 1948-10-11 | 1949-05-31 | Lawrence W Breck | Antifreeze appliance |
US6144017A (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 2000-11-07 | Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. | Condensation control system for heated insulating glass units |
US6627319B2 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2003-09-30 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Glazing with a functional, especially hydrophobic, mesoporous coating |
US7003920B1 (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2006-02-28 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Transparent glazing and use thereof in a chilling chamber door comprising in particular a glazing under vacuum |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL1036681C2 (nl) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-13 | Zeffex Ventures B V | Zelfklevende, optisch transparante anti-condens film. |
WO2015102623A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-09 | Entrotech, Inc. | Methods for application of polymeric film and related assemblies |
US10315399B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2019-06-11 | Entrotech, Inc. | Methods for application of polymeric film and related assemblies |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20120140259A (ko) | 2012-12-28 |
FR2881422A1 (fr) | 2006-08-04 |
JP2008528329A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
JP5160900B2 (ja) | 2013-03-13 |
KR20070102692A (ko) | 2007-10-19 |
WO2006079763A2 (fr) | 2006-08-03 |
KR101364233B1 (ko) | 2014-02-14 |
CA2595977C (fr) | 2013-03-19 |
FR2881422B1 (fr) | 2007-03-16 |
BRPI0607050A2 (pt) | 2009-12-01 |
MX2007008994A (es) | 2007-09-18 |
KR20120128170A (ko) | 2012-11-26 |
KR101362793B1 (ko) | 2014-02-21 |
US8057615B2 (en) | 2011-11-15 |
CN101111369A (zh) | 2008-01-23 |
KR101364041B1 (ko) | 2014-02-26 |
CA2595977A1 (fr) | 2006-08-03 |
WO2006079763A3 (fr) | 2006-10-19 |
EP1843895A2 (fr) | 2007-10-17 |
US20100116416A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
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