US20080095887A1 - Shelf-Stable Cooking Aid and a Process for Its Preparation - Google Patents

Shelf-Stable Cooking Aid and a Process for Its Preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080095887A1
US20080095887A1 US11/574,377 US57437705A US2008095887A1 US 20080095887 A1 US20080095887 A1 US 20080095887A1 US 57437705 A US57437705 A US 57437705A US 2008095887 A1 US2008095887 A1 US 2008095887A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
shelf
cooking aid
stable
aid according
weight
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US11/574,377
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English (en)
Inventor
Wen Sze Lien
Zhu Gao
Yong Fu Wang
Beatrice Lado
Yan Xi Jin
Fabien Robert
Ahmed Bousbaine
Nadji Rekhif
Christopher Brimelow
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Nestec SA
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Nestec SA
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Publication date
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Application filed by Nestec SA filed Critical Nestec SA
Assigned to NESTEC S.A. reassignment NESTEC S.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BRIMELOW, CHRISTOPHER, BOUSBAINE, AHMED, ROBERT, FABIEN, REKHIF, NADJI, LIEN, WEN SZE, WANG, YONG FU, GAO, ZHU, JIN, YAN XI, LADO, BEATRICE
Publication of US20080095887A1 publication Critical patent/US20080095887A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L23/00—Soups; Sauces; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L23/10—Soup concentrates, e.g. powders or cakes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/10—Natural spices, flavouring agents or condiments; Extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/202—Aliphatic compounds
    • A23L27/2024—Aliphatic compounds having oxygen as the only hetero atom
    • A23L27/2028—Carboxy compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/21—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments containing amino acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/21—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments containing amino acids
    • A23L27/22—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments containing amino acids containing glutamic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/23—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments containing nucleotides
    • A23L27/235—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments containing nucleotides containing also amino acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/30—Artificial sweetening agents
    • A23L27/33—Artificial sweetening agents containing sugars or derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/30—Artificial sweetening agents
    • A23L27/33—Artificial sweetening agents containing sugars or derivatives
    • A23L27/34—Sugar alcohols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a shelf-stable cooking aid and a process for its preparation.
  • Such stocks or bouillons may be fish, meat or vegetables based are serve as basis for simmered dishes, stews, sauces, soups and other premium quality and tastefully dishes. Alternatively they can be added in such dished for imparting and/or enhancing deliciousness.
  • High quality stocks and bouillons are prepared by chefs in restaurant and by meal preparers in the home according to traditional recipes. Such stocks are obtained after a long preparation that includes slicing, cooking, boiling and simmering of selected tastefull ingredients such as meat, vegetables, bones, spices etc . . . Such a preparation is long and cumbersome and eventually, the thus obtained products are not shelf-stable and need to be used within a short time. This is however the only way for chefs and consumers to obtain high quality stocks and bouillons with full bodyness, good mouthfeel and high flavour impact.
  • flavour and taste enhancers have been developed and are available in the trade.
  • the food industry has developed a wide variety of ready to use flavour enhancer for various culinary applications. These may be concentrated bouillons in form of paste, powder, compressed cubes or granulates.
  • the wide range of culinary base whether in the form of powder or paste is usually obtained by the precise mixing of tasty ingredients such as salt, sugars, sodium glutamate, spices and selected flavours all along mixed with a carrier.
  • the addition of these culinary additives helps to provide deliciouness and taste appealing properties to the food product in which they are added. Indeed, all around the world, the deliciousness is definitively perceived as the key attributes of high quality meals. This deliciousness is a subjective attribute and is usually described using different wording in the different countries based on the cultural background and on the culinary and cooking habits. The deliciousness can however be described as the property of a meal that makes it appealing to the taste and odour thanks to differents organoleptic properties such as fast flavor impact, blooming full bodied in mouth feel, lingering in taste while smooth in consistency and causing salivation. For example, according to asian preferences, the deliciouness and the attached organoleptic attributes have been described as the fith taste, so called Umami.
  • Flavour enhancers are commonly used in culinary applications. These flavors enhancers are added or a part of culinary products such as soup, sauces and meals and make them more taste appealing by giving them the deliciousness required by the consumers.
  • the deliciousness is a culinary meaning relating to the overall feeling of a food product.
  • the taste and flavor enhancement is known in any region in the world, from west to east and correspond to roughly the same organoleptic profile, rich in taste, full of bodyness etc . . .
  • Xian is a taste descriptor well understood and frequently used in Chinese culinary food culture, difficult to translate directly into Western languages.
  • the direct translation of the two written characters which make up the word Xian is fish and goat, which indicates the complexity of the sensory experience.
  • glutamate and umami Xian components also enhance other flavours.
  • Traditional Chinese high stocks, added to many different regional dishes to enhance flavour are very high in Xian. Comparing Xian to glutamate or umami taste, Xian is far more complex, rounded and “comfortable”, i.e. delicious, gratifying, agreeable. It is not uni-directional.
  • the basic idea sustaining the present invention is to provide a food composition that can be in any shelfstable and/or concentrated form and that may be used for seasoning meals and any type of savoury meals. Above the simple seasoning action, the food composition according to the present invention should also be usable for enhacing the taste in this fifth dimension whatever it is called, XIAN, deliciousness, fullbodyness or any other wording.
  • the present invention concerns a shelf-stable cooking aid comprising
  • all the components of the cooking aid can be of non natural origin, for example said cooking aid can be prepared by dry mixing.
  • all the above mentioned components are of natural origin, present because of the raw products used in the process.
  • MSG, IMP and GMP are of natural origin.
  • the most commonly used procedure is based on the isotopic 13C/12C ratio.
  • monosodium glutamate isolated from the product can be analysed using a Roboprep analyser coupled to a Europa 20-20 isotope ratio mass spectrometer which will chemically decompose MSG and the CO2 13C/12C isotope ratio is determined.
  • the 13C/12C isotope ratio will be lower than the for the natural one.
  • the details concerning this type of measure is known from the man skilled in the art: see for example some details in Food Chemistry, Belitz-Grosch, Second Edition, pages 797-799, Abundance Ratios of Isotopes.
  • the reduced amount of MSG is a feature of the product of the invention, as well as the high amount of food derived acids.
  • the food derived acids are taken from the group consisting of organic acids, amino acids and dipeptides. All the percentages in the present specification are given in weight.
  • the amino acids and dipeptides are mainly lysine, carnosine, asparagin, alanine, glutamine, phenylalanine, aspartic acid, ornithine with a minimum for glutamic acid.
  • the organic acids are mainly lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid and malic acid. For the vegetarian version, carnosine is not present.
  • the amount of MSG is reduced and is present in an amount of between 1 and 2%. Furthermore, the MSG is not an added MSG, but natural MSG , present on the base of the way of obtaining the cooking aid.
  • the amount of IMP and GMP is comprised between 0.05 and 0.1%.
  • NaCl is also present in the cooking aid according to the invention.
  • the salt can be present naturally or can be also added, depending on the type of process and on the version concerned.
  • the amount of salt can vary broadly.
  • the cooking aid further comprises between 8 and 20% of polysaccharides.
  • These polysaccharides are taken from the group consisting of derived cellulose, pectin, locust bean gum, starch, alone or in combination. for the vegetarian version, the polysaccharide content is higher than for the meat version.
  • the shelf-stable cooking aid comprises further 8 to 20% of proteins. These protein are taken in the group consisting of collagen, gelatin, myosin, actin, alone or in combination. Gelatin, myosin and actin are more specific for the meat version.
  • the cooking aid contains further at least one carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose, mannose, sorbitol, glycerol alone or in combination.
  • carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose, mannose, sorbitol, glycerol alone or in combination.
  • the sugar content is normally higher than for the meat version.
  • an important feature of the invention is the structure of the product in aqueous phase, which is totally different from the structure of an existing product on the market, as it can be better considered in relation with the below included drawings.
  • the second important feature of the product according to the invention is the organoleptic characteristics.
  • Another feature of the invention in the meat version is the low amount of fat, which is comprised between 0.2 and 15%. More particularly, the cooking aid has a free fatty acid content comprised between 1.9 and 3.2%.
  • shelf-stable cooking aid according to the invention. It is possible to have the composition in any physical form, like cube, powder, paste, concentrate, granule or liquid.
  • the present invention concerns further the use of a shelf stable concentrate cooking aid as described above, wherein the aid is comprised in culinary products taken from the group consisting of bouillons, sauces, dehydrated soups, liquid seasonings, snacks, prepared meals (chilled or frozen) in an amount comprised between 0.001 and 50% based on the total weight of said product.
  • the invention concerns further a process for the preparation of a shelf-stable cooking aid as described above, comprising the steps of
  • Vegetables and meat are chopped or minced in a conventional apparatus
  • Vegetables are water or steam blanched
  • Meat and vegetables are enzymatically hydrolysed separately.
  • the way of hydrolysing is according to the technique.
  • the enzymes used are for example in the case of meat, proteases and in the case of vegetables, carbohydrases, for example cellulases
  • the hydrolysis is stopped by inactivation of enzymes with temperature increase.
  • the resulting vegetables or meat hydrolysate is concentrated by evaporation.
  • the process is carried out with meat and separately with vegetables: the concentration is done and finally the dry powders are mixed together.
  • the mixture is concentrated to form cubes or a paste.
  • the mixture is concentrated and dryed into a powder or granule.
  • the cooking aid according to the invention there are different ways to use the cooking aid according to the invention.
  • a paste or a powder it is possible to add the cooking aid on the meal or in the meal, in a quantity depending on the taste wanted by the consumer.
  • the cooking aid is added or mixed with the meal in a quantity of from 0.001 to 10% based on the total weight of the meal.
  • the invention concerns a method of providing conveniently Xian characteristics to foods by a natural ready-to-use cooking aid comprising
  • FIG. 1 represents a microscopical view of an existing product
  • FIG. 2 represents a microscopical view of the cooking aid of the invention meat version
  • the goal of the microscopy work was to compare the structure of a product on the market ( FIG. 1 ) with a cooking aid according to the invention ( FIG. 2 ).
  • the specimen were stored at 50° C. and were examined at 35° C. by wide filed epi-fluorescence microscopy after staining of the fat phase by an aqueous solution of Nile red.
  • 50 ⁇ l of the stained specimen was laid onto a glass slide heated at 35° C. and covered with a 22 mm diameter glass cover slip and visualised.
  • the scale on the figures is of 150 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 1 the fat globules are apparent.
  • FIG. 2 for the product of the invention, there are coacervates composed of a mixture of fat, protein and polysaccharide particles.
  • 1 kg of mushroom and 1 kg of ham are separately chopped and minced, respectively.
  • the mushrooms are blanched and 9 kg of water, 10 g of cellulase and 10 g of protease are added to these mushrooms and hydrolysed at a temperature of 50-60° C. during 4 to 6 hours.
  • the minced meat is also hydrolysed with 9 kg of water and 5 g of protease at a temperature of 60 C during 24 hours.
  • the temperature is increased for meat and mushrooms hydrolysates to inactivate said enzymes.
  • Both hydrolysates are concentrated by evaporation and vacuum drying to moisture of less than 5%: both powders are mixed together.
  • 1 kg of mushroom and 1 kg of bamboo shoots are separately chopped .
  • the mushrooms and the bamboo shoots are blanched separately.
  • 9 kg of water, 10 g of cellulase and 10 g of protease are added to these mushrooms and hydrolysed at a temperature of 50-60° C. during 4 to 6 hours.
  • the bamboo shoots are also hydrolysed with 9 kg of water, 10 g of cellulase and 10 g of protease at the same temperature and duration as for the mushrooms.
  • the temperature is increased for bamboo shoots and mushrooms hydrolysates to inactivate said enzymes.
  • Both hydrolysates are concentrated by evaporation and vacuum drying to moisture of less than 5%: both powders are mixed together.
  • the product according to example 1 is added into a dehydrated chicken bouillon at a level of 10%. After reconstitution in hot water, the consumer has the perception of the five above mentioned Xian descriptors.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
US11/574,377 2004-09-03 2005-08-26 Shelf-Stable Cooking Aid and a Process for Its Preparation Abandoned US20080095887A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EPPCT/EP04/09846 2004-09-03
EP2004009846 2004-09-03
PCT/EP2005/009242 WO2006024464A1 (en) 2004-09-03 2005-08-26 A shelf-stable cooking aid and a process for its preparation

Related Parent Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2005/009242 A-371-Of-International WO2006024464A1 (en) 2004-09-03 2005-08-26 A shelf-stable cooking aid and a process for its preparation

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US14/573,684 Continuation US9936722B2 (en) 2004-09-03 2014-12-17 Shelf-stable cooking aid and a process for its preparation

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US (2) US20080095887A1 (pt)
EP (2) EP2208423B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN101010012B (pt)
AT (2) ATE515196T1 (pt)
AU (1) AU2005279397B2 (pt)
BR (1) BRPI0514875B1 (pt)
CA (1) CA2577796C (pt)
DE (1) DE602005020035D1 (pt)
ES (2) ES2370382T3 (pt)
HK (1) HK1112160A1 (pt)
IL (1) IL181153A (pt)
MY (1) MY157622A (pt)
PL (3) PL1793689T3 (pt)
PT (2) PT2208423E (pt)
RU (1) RU2381719C2 (pt)
TW (1) TWI496543B (pt)
UA (1) UA97228C2 (pt)
WO (1) WO2006024464A1 (pt)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012044932A (ja) * 2010-08-27 2012-03-08 Mukogawa Gakuin ウスターソース類の製法およびそれにより得られたウスターソース類

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US8795755B2 (en) 2006-03-08 2014-08-05 Nestec S.A. Shelf-stable cooking aid and a process for its preparation
EP1900293A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-19 Nestec S.A. A cooking aid composition obtained through thermal processing
PL2091359T3 (pl) * 2006-12-08 2012-02-29 Unilever Nv Koncentrat bulionu albo przyprawy i sposób jego wytwarzania
EP2042043A1 (en) 2007-09-26 2009-04-01 Nestec S.A. A shelf-stable taste enhancing cultured savoury base and a process for its preparation
WO2009068378A1 (en) * 2007-11-27 2009-06-04 Unilever Nv Fortified bouillon cube

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US2426634A (en) * 1943-05-29 1947-09-02 Continental Foods Inc Composition and method
US2560621A (en) * 1949-03-02 1951-07-17 Charlton L Wrenshall Meat substitute and process of making same
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