US20060037669A1 - Method for manufacturing stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment and stainless steel product produced by the method - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment and stainless steel product produced by the method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060037669A1
US20060037669A1 US10/523,678 US52367805A US2006037669A1 US 20060037669 A1 US20060037669 A1 US 20060037669A1 US 52367805 A US52367805 A US 52367805A US 2006037669 A1 US2006037669 A1 US 2006037669A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
stainless steel
product
steel product
absorption treatment
nitrogen absorption
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Abandoned
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US10/523,678
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English (en)
Inventor
Daisuke Kuroda
Takao Hanawa
Norio Maruyama
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National Institute for Materials Science
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National Institute for Materials Science
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Assigned to NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE reassignment NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HANAWA, TAKAO, KURODA, DAISUKE, MARUYAMA, NORIO
Publication of US20060037669A1 publication Critical patent/US20060037669A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0257—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a manufacturing process of a stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment and to a stainless steel product thereby obtained. More particularly, this invention relates to a manufacturing process of a stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment, which can decrease production cost of austenitic stainless steel which is considered to be difficult to process, and can manufacture a stainless steel product having fully satisfactory properties in both strength and corrosion resistance, and to a stainless steel product thereby obtained.
  • Austenitic stainless steel is a material which is difficult to process and its difficulty to work into a desired shape raises its production cost. As austenitic stainless steel is outstanding in both corrosion resistance and strength, it is desired that its products having desired shapes, including even complicated ones, be supplied at a low cost.
  • This invention has been made under such circumstances and has as an object to provide a method of manufacturing a stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment, which can decrease production cost of austenitic stainless steel which is considered to be difficult to process, and can manufacture a stainless steel product having fully satisfactory properties regarding both strength and corrosion resistance, and to provide a stainless steel product thereby obtained.
  • this invention provides a manufacturing process of a stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment, characterized by bringing a bulk product of ferritic stainless steel, which is made by melting, forming and machining into a desired shape, into contact with an inert gas containing nitrogen at or above 800° C. to austenitize the product completely, or to austenitize it partially and form a two-phase structure composed of ferrite and austenite (claim 1 ).
  • This invention also provides a stainless steel product characterized by having a completely austenitic structure which is formed by adding nitrogen through contact with an inert gas containing nitrogen, to a bulk product of ferritic stainless steel which is made by melting, forming and machining into a desired shape (claim 2 ).
  • this invention provides a stainless steel product characterized by having a two-phase structure of ferrite and austenite which is formed by adding nitrogen through contact with an inert gas containing nitrogen, to a bulk product of ferritic stainless steel which is made by melting, forming and machining into a desired shape, so as to austenitize it partially (claim 3 ).
  • FIG. 1 is a photograph in place of a drawing, showing an ingot of ferritic stainless steel (Fe—24 mass % Cr—2 mass % Mo) made by melting in a vacuum arc melting furnace, and weighing 3.5 kg.
  • ferritic stainless steel Fe—24 mass % Cr—2 mass % Mo
  • FIG. 2 is a photograph in place of a drawing, showing a round rod formed by hot and cold forging from the ingot shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a photograph in place of a drawing, showing a plate formed by hot and cold forging from the ingot shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a round shape specimen for a tensile test formed from the round rod shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIGS. 5 ( a ) and ( b ) show X-ray diffraction patterns of a test specimen subjected to nitrogen absorption treatment and a material equivalent to the test specimen, but not subjected to nitrogen absorption treatment, respectively.
  • FIG. 6 is a correlation diagram showing balance between strength and ductility of the test specimen, an existing alloy and the equivalent material not subjected to nitrogen absorption treatment.
  • FIGS. 7 ( a ), ( b ), ( c ) and ( d ) are polarization curves showing results of polarization tests conducted by immersing the test specimen, 316L stainless steel and the material equivalent to the test specimen but not subjected to nitrogen absorption treatment in a 0.9% NaCl solution, a PBS( ⁇ ) solution, a Hanks' solution and an Eagle's MEM solution, respectively, and evaluating them for corrosion resistance.
  • FIGS. 8 ( a ) and ( b ) are optical micrographs showing surfaces of the test specimen and 316L stainless steel, respectively, as observed after the polarization test in the Eagle's MEM solution.
  • a bulk product of ferritic stainless steel made by melting, forming and machining into a desired shape is brought into contact with an inert gas containing nitrogen at or above 800° C., so that it may be austenitized completely, or may be austenitized partially to have a two-phase structure formed from ferrite and austenite.
  • a technique of bringing a bulk product having a desired shape into contact with an inert gas containing nitrogen at or above 800° C. belongs to a nitrogen absorption treatment classified as a solid-phase absorption method. Nitrogen is added to the whole product or a part thereof by heating it to or above 800° C. in an inert gas atmosphere containing nitrogen.
  • the method of this invention of manufacturing a stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment makes it possible to obtain a product having a desired shape easily, since the product to which nitrogen is added is made of ferritic stainless steel which is easier to work than austenitic stainless steel.
  • the stainless steel product of this invention which can be obtained as described is completely austenitized, or is partially austenitized and has a two-phase structure formed from ferrite and austenite. Therefore, the stainless steel product of this invention is outstanding in both corrosion resistance and strength and is advantageously an inexpensive product, since its cost of processing is low, even if it may have a complicated shape.
  • the addition of at least about 0.5% by mass of nitrogen to a bulk product of ferritic stainless steel is sufficient for achieving the results as mentioned above.
  • An ingot of ferritic stainless steel (Fe—24 mass % Cr—2 mass % Mo) weighing 3.5 kg, as shown in FIG. 1 was made by melting in a vacuum arc melting furnace. The ingot was cut into four blocks each of which measures 25 mm square by 110 mm, and the blocks were hot-forged at 1100° C. and cold-forged at ambient temperature into a round bar with 9 mm in diameter by 90 mm and a plate measuring 15 mm square by 1.5 mm in thickness, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , respectively.
  • a round shape tensile test specimen with a planar shape as shown in FIG. 4 was formed by machining the round bar shown in FIG. 2 . These two kinds of test specimens were given nitrogen absorption treatment by a nitrogen absorption furnace.
  • Each test specimen was placed on a mesh board of SUS304 stainless steel, degreased and cleansed with acetone, and inserted in a nitrogen absorption portion of the nitrogen absorption furnace.
  • the furnace was evacuated by a rotary pump until 2 Pa.
  • an inert gas containing nitrogen was introduced into the nitrogen absorption portion at a rate of two liters per minute, the nitrogen absorption portion was heated from room temperature to 1200° C. at a rate of 5° C. per minute and the test specimen was kept in contact with nitrogen at 1200° C. for 24 hours.
  • FIG. 5 ( a ) shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of a material equivalent to the test specimen, but not given nitrogen absorption treatment.
  • the test specimen given nitrogen absorption treatment was made of perfectly austenitic stainless steel. The amount of nitrogen addition was about 0.9% by mass.
  • FIG. 6 shows balance found between strength and ductility of the test specimen which had been given nitrogen absorption treatment, of the material equivalent to the test specimen which had not been given nitrogen absorption treatment and of a conventional alloy.
  • the nitrogen absorption treatment realized a better balance between strength and ductility as compared with the conventional alloy and the material equivalent to the test specimen which had not been given nitrogen absorption treatment. The effectiveness of nitrogen absorption treatment was thus confirmed.
  • test specimen was also evaluated for corrosion resistance.
  • FIGS. 7 ( a ) to ( d ) are the polarization curves obtained by polarization tests conducted for evaluation on corrosion resistance. As is confirmed by FIGS. 7 ( a ) to ( d ), the test specimen showed higher corrosion resistance in all of the test solutions than the 316L stainless steel and the material equivalent to the test specimen not given nitrogen absorption treatment, and it did not have any pitting corrosion, as is obvious from FIG. 8 ( a ). Pitting corrosion was found in 316L stainless steel, as shown in FIG. 8 ( b ).
  • the method of this invention of manufacturing a stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment and the stainless steel product thereby obtained overcome the difficulty in processing austenitic stainless steel and make it possible for even a product having a complicated shape to be obtained at a low cost and have satisfactorily high levels of strength and corrosion resistance.
  • this invention provides a stainless steel product formed from austenitic stainless steel which is considered to be difficult to process, has a desired shape, can be processed at a satisfactorily low production cost and has fully satisfactory properties with regard to both strength and corrosion resistance, and a method of manufacturing the same.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US10/523,678 2002-08-08 2003-08-08 Method for manufacturing stainless steel product by nitrogen absorption treatment and stainless steel product produced by the method Abandoned US20060037669A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002231557A JP4009716B2 (ja) 2002-08-08 2002-08-08 窒素吸収処理によるステンレス鋼製製品の製造方法とこれにより得られるステンレス鋼製製品
PCT/JP2003/010164 WO2004015160A1 (ja) 2002-08-08 2003-08-08 窒素吸収処理によるステンレス鋼製製品の製造方法とこれにより得られるステンレス製鋼製品

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EP (1) EP1533395A4 (ja)
JP (1) JP4009716B2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2004015160A1 (ja)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060130934A1 (en) * 2002-11-21 2006-06-22 Independent Administrative Institution National Institute For Materials Science Medical instrument for soft tissue and method for manufacture thereof
US9738963B2 (en) 2013-03-21 2017-08-22 Denso Corporation Method for manufacturing ferritic stainless steel product
US20180179606A1 (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-06-28 Posco Duplex stainless steel having excellent corrosion resistance and method for manufacturing the same
CN109642297A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2019-04-16 苹果公司 钢组合物及其不锈钢的固溶渗氮
US20200407835A1 (en) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-31 Apple Inc. Nitrided stainless steels with high strength and high ductility

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JP4378773B2 (ja) 2005-05-16 2009-12-09 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 ステンレス鋼製製品の製造方法とそのステンレス鋼製製品
WO2006134541A1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method for manufacturing a stainless steel product
JP5212602B2 (ja) 2007-09-14 2013-06-19 セイコーエプソン株式会社 機器およびハウジング材の製造方法
JP5989297B2 (ja) * 2010-10-28 2016-09-07 株式会社中津山熱処理 ニッケルフリーオーステナイトステンレス鋼の製造方法
EP2702183B1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2017-12-20 Expanite Technology A/S Method for solution hardening of a cold deformed workpiece of a passive alloy
JP5616299B2 (ja) * 2011-08-09 2014-10-29 ガウス株式会社 ニッケル及びマンガンフリーの生体用又は医療用器材用高ｎオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼焼結用粉末及び該粉末を用いた生体用又は医療用焼結器材
GB2545243B (en) * 2015-12-10 2017-12-13 Rolls Royce Plc Method of manufacturing a magnetically graded material
KR101756703B1 (ko) 2015-12-23 2017-07-12 주식회사 포스코 에칭성 및 내식성이 우수한 린 듀플렉스 스테인리스강
JP7499008B2 (ja) * 2018-12-10 2024-06-13 日本製鉄株式会社 二相ステンレス鋼およびその製造方法
JP7257793B2 (ja) * 2019-01-15 2023-04-14 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 ステンレス鋼板、燃料電池用セパレータ、燃料電池セル、及び燃料電池スタック
JP7257794B2 (ja) * 2019-01-15 2023-04-14 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 ステンレス鋼板及びその製造方法、燃料電池用セパレータ、燃料電池セル、並びに燃料電池スタック
WO2023012881A1 (ja) 2021-08-02 2023-02-09 日鉄ケミカル＆マテリアル株式会社 ステンレス鋼板、燃料電池用セパレータ、燃料電池セル、及び燃料電池スタック
WO2023189142A1 (ja) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 日鉄ケミカル＆マテリアル株式会社 電磁波シールド材

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US2940880A (en) * 1955-12-29 1960-06-14 Standard Oil Co Process of nitrogenization
US3943010A (en) * 1974-06-12 1976-03-09 Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. Process for producing austenitic ferrous alloys
US4374683A (en) * 1980-02-29 1983-02-22 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Process for manufacturing ferritic stainless steel sheet having good formability, surface appearance and corrosion resistance
US5503687A (en) * 1993-10-05 1996-04-02 Berns; Hans Nitrogen enrichment of surface and near surface regions to produce a high-strength austenitic surface layer in stainless steels

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AU8351898A (en) * 1997-07-21 1999-02-16 Nsk Rhp European Technology Co. Limited Case hardening of steels

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2940880A (en) * 1955-12-29 1960-06-14 Standard Oil Co Process of nitrogenization
US3943010A (en) * 1974-06-12 1976-03-09 Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. Process for producing austenitic ferrous alloys
US4374683A (en) * 1980-02-29 1983-02-22 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Process for manufacturing ferritic stainless steel sheet having good formability, surface appearance and corrosion resistance
US5503687A (en) * 1993-10-05 1996-04-02 Berns; Hans Nitrogen enrichment of surface and near surface regions to produce a high-strength austenitic surface layer in stainless steels

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060130934A1 (en) * 2002-11-21 2006-06-22 Independent Administrative Institution National Institute For Materials Science Medical instrument for soft tissue and method for manufacture thereof
US9738963B2 (en) 2013-03-21 2017-08-22 Denso Corporation Method for manufacturing ferritic stainless steel product
US20180179606A1 (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-06-28 Posco Duplex stainless steel having excellent corrosion resistance and method for manufacturing the same
CN109642297A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2019-04-16 苹果公司 钢组合物及其不锈钢的固溶渗氮
US11021782B2 (en) 2017-03-20 2021-06-01 Apple Inc. Steel compositions and solution nitriding of stainless steel thereof
US20200407835A1 (en) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-31 Apple Inc. Nitrided stainless steels with high strength and high ductility

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JP4009716B2 (ja) 2007-11-21
JP2004068115A (ja) 2004-03-04
EP1533395A4 (en) 2008-06-11
WO2004015160A1 (ja) 2004-02-19
EP1533395A1 (en) 2005-05-25

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