Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G64/18—Block or graft polymers
  • C08G64/186—Block or graft polymers containing polysiloxane sequences
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L83/10—Block- or graft-copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
  • C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
  • C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
  • C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
  • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
  • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
  • C08K7/14—Glass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
  • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
  • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
  • C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L25/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
  • C08L27/18—Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
  • C08L55/02—ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a polycarbonate resin composition, more specifically to a polycarbonate resin composition which does not contain halogen and phosphrus as a flame retardant component and which is excellent in a fluidity while maintaining a flame resistance, a heat resistance and an impact resistance and a molded article thereof.
• a polycarbonate resin is widely used in various fields such as the electric and electronic equipment fields of OA (office automation) equipments, information and communication equipments and household electric equipments, the automobile field and the construction field because of excellent impact resistance, heat resistance, electrical characteristics and dimensional stability.
• a polycarbonate resin is a self-extinguishing resin, and when using it as a material for electric and electronic equipments such as OA equipments, information and communication equipments and household electric equipments, a high degree of the flame resistance is required in order to further enhance the safety.
• a flame retardant used in the electric and electronic equipment field and the electric and OA equipment field transfers from halogen base flame retardants to non-halogen base flame retardants from the viewpoint of an environmental problem.
• phosphorus base flame retardants are used as a flame retardant for a polycarbonate resin in many cases in recent years.
• the phosphorus base flame retardants have a high fluidity and are used for large-sized equipments such as the exteriors of OA equipments and the housings of CRT, but they have the problems that the polycarbonate resin is reduced in a heat resistance and that the recycling property is deteriorated by hydrolysis caused in the polycarbonate resin.
• silicon base flame retardants as a retardant of the next generation are under development in order to solve the above problems, but a polycarbonate resin composition having such fluidity that it can be used for the exteriors of OA equipments has not yet been developed.
• an object of the present invention is to provide a polycarbonate resin composition which shows an excellent flame resistance by adding a small amount of an additive in flame retardation of a polycarbonate resin provided by a non-halogen and non-phosphorus compound and which is excellent in a heat resistance, an impact resistance and a fluidity and a molded article thereof.
• the present invention relates to the following items.
• a polycarbonate resin composition comprising (A) 60 to 97 mass % of an aromatic polycarbonate resin and 3 to 40 mass % of (B) an acrylonitrile-styrene base resin having a melt flow rate (MFR) of 5 or more at 200° C.
• polycarbonate resin composition as described in the above item 4, wherein polyorganosiloxane of the polyorganosiloxane-containing aromatic polycarbonate resin is polydimethylsiloxane.
• organic alkali metal salt and/or the organic alkali earth metal salt are at least one selected from sulfonic acid alkali metal salts, sulfonic acid alkali earth metal salts, polystyrenesulfonic acid alkali metal salts and polystyrenesulfonic acid alkali earth metal salts.
• a molded article comprising the polycarbonate resin composition as described in any of the above items 1 to 5.
• the polycarbonate resin (A) shall not specifically be restricted, and various ones can be given.
• an aromatic polycarbonate resin produced by reacting divalent phenol with a carbonate precursor can be used.
• a resin produced by reacting divalent phenol with a carbonate precursor by a solution method or a melting method that is, the reaction of divalent phenol with phosgene or the transesterification of divalent phenol with diphenyl carbonate.
• phenols can be given as the divalent phenol.
• divalent phenol capable of being given are 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (bisphenol A), bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)propane, 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenyl, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cycloalkane, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) oxide, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxide, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) ether and bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) ketone.
• bisphenol A 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane
• bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane
• the particularly preferred divalent phenols are bis(hydroxyphenyl)alkanes, particularly the compounds comprising bisphenol A as a principal raw material.
• the carbonate precursor includes carbonyl halides, carbonyl esters and haloformates, to be specific, phosgene, dihaloformates of divalent phenols, diphenyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate.
• hydroquinone, resorcin and catechol can be given as the divalent phenol.
• the above divalent phenols each may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more kinds thereof.
• the polycarbonate resin may have a branched structure, and the branching agent includes 1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane, ⁇ , ⁇ ′, ⁇ ′′-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene, fluoroglycine, trimellitic acid and isatinbis(o-cresol).
• the branching agent includes 1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane, ⁇ , ⁇ ′, ⁇ ′′-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene, fluoroglycine, trimellitic acid and isatinbis(o-cresol).
• Phenol, p-t-butylphenol, p-t-octylphenol and p-cumylphenol are used in order to control the molecular weight.
• copolymers such as polyester-polycarbonate resins obtained by carrying out the polymerization of polycarbonate under the presence of difunctional carboxylic acid such as terephthalic acid or an ester precursor such as an ester-forming derivative thereof or the mixtures of various polycarbonate resins.
• the polycarbonate resin used in the present invention has a viscosity average molecular weight of usually 10,000 to 50,000, preferably 13,000 to 35,000 and more preferably 15,000 to 20,000.
• the polycarbonate resin includes a polyorganosiloxane-containing aromatic polycarbonate resin.
• the polyorganosiloxane-containing aromatic polycarbonate resin comprises a polycarbonate part and a polyorganosiloxane part, and it can be produced, for example, by dissolving a polycarbonate oligomer and polyorganosiloxane having a reactive group at a terminal constituting a polyorganosiloxane part in a solvent such as methylene chloride and adding thereto a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution of bisphenol A to carry out interfacial polycondensation reaction using a catalyst such as triethylamine.
• the polyorganosiloxane-containing aromatic polycarbonate resin is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 292359/1991, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 202465/1992, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 81620/1996, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 302178/1996 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7897/1998.
• the polyorganosiloxane-containing aromatic polycarbonate resin having a polymerization degree of 3 to 100 in a polycarbonate part and a polymerization degree of 2 to 500 in a polyorganosiloxane part.
• the polyorganosiloxane of the polyorganosiloxane-containing aromatic polycarbonate resin has a content falling in a range of usually 0.1 to 2 mass %, preferably 0.3 to 1.5 mass %.
• the polyorganosiloxane of the polyorganosiloxane-containing aromatic polycarbonate resin used in the present invention has a viscosity average molecular weight of usually 5,000 to 100,000, preferably 10,000 to 30,000 and particularly preferably 12,000 to 30,000.
• the polyorganosiloxane-containing aromatic polycarbonate resin is useful from the viewpoint of a rise in a flame resistance and an impact resistance.
• polyorganosiloxane is preferably polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane and polymethylphenylsiloxane, particularly preferably polydimethylsiloxane.
• the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) thereof can be determined in the same manner as in the polycarbonate resin described above.
• the polycarbonate resin includes polycarbonate resins having an alkyl group having 10 to 35 carbon atoms at a molecular end.
• the polycarbonate resin having an alkyl group having 10 to 35 carbon atoms at a molecular end can be obtained by using alkylphenol having an alkyl group having 10 to 35 carbon atoms as an end-terminating agent in the production of the polycarbonate resin.
• the above alkylphenols include decylphenol, undecylphenol, dodecylphenol, tridecylphenol, tetradecylphenol, pentadecylphenol, hexadecylphenol, heptadecylphenol, octadecylphenol, nonadecylphenol, icosylphenol, docosylphenol, tetracosylphenol, hexacosylphenol, octacocylphenol, triacontylphenol, dotriacontylphenol and pentatiracontylphenol.
• the alkyl groups in the above alkylphenols may be present in any position of o-, m- and p-, and it is present preferably in the position of p-.
• the alkyl groups may be linear, branched or a mixture thereof.
• the substituents therefor may be any ones as long as at least one of them is the alkyl group having 10 to 35 carbon atoms described above, and the other four groups shall not specifically be restricted and may be alkyl groups having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, halogen atoms or they may be non-substituted.
• the above polycarbonate resin having an alkyl group having 10 to 35 carbon atoms at a molecular end may be any of polycarbonate base resins described later, and it is obtained, for example, by using the above alkylphenols as an end-sealing agent in order to control a molecular weight in the reaction of divalent phenol with phosgene or a carbonic ester compound.
• the phenol having an alkyl group having 10 to 35 carbon atoms seals one end or both ends of the polycarbonate resin to modify the end thereof.
• the end is modified in a proportion of 20% or more, preferably 50% or more based on all ends.
• the other ends are sealed by using a hydroxyl group end-sealing agent or other end-sealing agents described below.
• capable of being given as the other end-sealing agents are phenol, p-cresol, p-tert-butylphenol, p-tert-octylphenol, p-cumylphenol, p-nonylphenol, p-tert-amylphenol, bromophenol, tribromophenol and pentabromophenol.
• the compounds containing no halogens are preferred from the viewpoint of an environmental problem.
• the aromatic polycarbonate resin having an alkyl group having 10 to 35 carbon atoms at a molecular end is preferred for elevating a fluidity.
• the polycarbonate resin composition rises in a fluidity.
• the molecular end is an alkyl group having 36 or more carbon atoms, the heat resistance and the impact resistance are reduced.
• Resins having a melt flow rate (MFR) of 5 or more, preferably 14 or more at 200° C. and a load of 5 kg are used as the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin (B). If the melt flow rate (MFR) is less than 5, the satisfactory fluidity is not obtained.
• MFR melt flow rate
• the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin has an acrylonitrile content of preferably 15 to 40 mass %, more preferably 20 to 30 mass %.
• the acrylonitrile content is less than 15 mass % or exceeds 40 mass %, likely to be brought about are the problems such as a reduction in the impact resistance and layer peeling which are caused by a reduction in the compatibility between the polycarbonate resin and the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin.
• the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin described above includes preferably acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers.
• the commercially available products thereof include, for example, BS-218 (manufactured by Nippon A & L Co., Ltd,) and 290FF (manufactured by Technopolymer Co., Ltd,).
• the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention attempts to remove layer peeling and elevate a fluidity while maintaining a flame resistance and a heat resistance of the resin composition by blending the polycarbonate resin with the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin.
• the blending ratios of both resins are 60 to 97 mass %, preferably 70 to 95 mass % and more preferably 75 to 95 mass % for the polycarbonate resin (A) and 3 to 40 mass %, preferably 5 to 30 mass % and more preferably 5 to 25 mass % for the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin (B).
• the ratio of the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin is less than 3 mass %, the satisfactory fluidity is not obtained. If it exceeds 40 mass %, the flame resistance and the impact resistance are reduced.
• the impact resistance-improving agent (C) includes preferably a core/shell type elastomer and a rubber component-containing styrene base resin.
• the core/shell type elastomer has a two layer structure constituted from a core and a shell and is a graft rubber-like elastic matter in which a core part is soft rubber-like and a shell part on the surface thereof is hard resin-like and in which the elastomer itself is powder-like (particle-like).
• a great part of the above core/shell type elastomer maintains an original form in a particle state thereof even after molten and blended with the aromatic polycarbonate resin.
• a great part of the core/shell type elastomer blended maintains an original form, whereby the effect of uniformly dispersing and bringing about no surface layer peeling is obtained.
• elastomers can be given as the core/shell type elastomer.
• the commercially available products include, for example, KM-330 (manufactured by Rohm & Haas Co., Ltd.), Metabrane W529, Metabrane S2001 and C223A (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.), KM357, EXL2315 and EXL2603 (manufactured by Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and Hibrane B621 (manufactured by Zeon Corporation).
• alkyl acrylate and alkyl methacrylate having an alkyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms are suited.
• they include, for example, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and n-octyl methacrylate.
• the core/shell type elastomers obtained from the monomers comprising mainly the above alkyl acrylates include polymers obtained by reacting 70 mass % or more of alkyl acrylates with 30 mass % or less of other vinyl base monomers which can be copolymerized with them, for example, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate and styrene.
• rubber obtained from the diene base compound include polybutadiene, rubber-like polymers comprising acrylate and/or methacrylate, styrene.butadiene.styrene rubber (SBS), styrene.butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene.acryl rubber, isoprene rubber, isoprene.styrene rubber, isoprene.acryl rubber and ethylene.propylene rubber.
• SBS styrene.butadiene.styrene rubber
• SBR styrene.butadiene rubber
• butadiene.acryl rubber isoprene rubber, isoprene.styrene rubber, isoprene.acryl rubber and ethylene.propylene rubber.
• multifunctional monomers such as divinylbenzene, ethylene dimethacrylate, triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate may suitably added as a cross-linking agent to carry out the reaction.
• the vinyl base monomer reacted under the presence of the rubber-like polymer includes, for example, aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene, acrylic esters such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, methacrylic esters such as methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate and cyanide vinyl compounds such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
• aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene
• acrylic esters such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate
• methacrylic esters such as methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate
• cyanide vinyl compounds such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
• the above monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds thereof or may be copolymerized with other vinyl base monomers, for example, vinyl ester compounds such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate.
• the above polymerization reaction can be carried out by various methods such as, for exampled, bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization.
• an emulsion polymerization method is suited.
• the rubber-like polymers contained in the core/shell type elastomer thus obtained have a content of preferably more than 20 mass %.
• the core/shell type elastomer thus obtained includes, to be specific, MAS resin elastic matters such as graft copolymers of 60 to 80 mass % of n-butyl acrylate with styrene and methyl methacrylate.
• the commercially available products include KM357P and EXL2315 (manufactured by Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
• a composite rubber base elastomer obtained by graft-polymerizing at least one vinyl monomer with a composite rubber having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m and having a structure in which 5 to 95 mass % of a polysiloxane rubber component gets intertwined each other with 95 to 5 mass % of a polyacryl (meth)acrylate rubber component so that they can not be separated.
• the above composite rubber base elastomer has a higher impact resistance-improving effect than those of graft copolymers obtained from the respective rubbers alone.
• the commercially available product of the above composite rubber base elastomer includes Metabrane S200 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.).
• the commercially available product of the diene base rubber base elastomer includes C223A (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) and EXL2603 (manufactured by Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
• the rubber component-containing styrene base resin is preferably an impact resistant styrene base resin obtained by graft-polymerizing at least a styrene base monomer with rubber.
• the rubber component-containing styrene base resin includes, for example, high impact polystyrene (HIPS) obtained by polymerizing styrene with rubber such as polybutadiene and ABS resins obtained by polymerizing polybutadiene with acrylonitrile and styrene.
• HIPS high impact polystyrene
• Two or more kinds of the rubber component-containing styrene base resins can be used in combination, and it can be used as well in a mixture with the styrene base resin described above which is not modified with rubber.
• the rubber contained in the rubber component-containing styrene base resin has a content of preferably 5 to 80 mass %, more preferably 10 to 70 mass %.
• the specific examples of the rubber described above include polybutadiene, rubber-like polymers comprising acrylate and/or methacrylate, styrene.butadiene.styrene rubber (SBS), styrene.butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene.acryl rubber, isoprene rubber, isoprene.styrene rubber, isoprene.acryl rubber and ethylene.propylene rubber.
• SBS styrene.butadiene.styrene rubber
• SBR styrene.butadiene rubber
• butadiene.acryl rubber isoprene rubber, isoprene.styrene rubber, isoprene.acryl rubber and ethylene.propylene rubber.
• polybutadiene is particularly preferred.
• Polybutadiene used in the above may be any one of low cis-polybutadiene (for example, polybutadiene containing 1 to 30 mole % of a 1,2-vinyl bond and 30 to 42 mole % of a 1,4-cis bond) and high cis-polybutadiene (for example, polybutadiene containing 20 mole % or less of a 1,2-vinyl bond and 78 mole % or more of a 1,4-cis bond), or it may be a mixture thereof.
• low cis-polybutadiene for example, polybutadiene containing 1 to 30 mole % of a 1,2-vinyl bond and 30 to 42 mole % of a 1,4-cis bond
• high cis-polybutadiene for example, polybutadiene containing 20 mole % or less of a 1,2-vinyl bond and 78 mole % or more of a 1,4-cis bond
• the commercially available products thereof include, to be specific, B600N (manufactured by Ube Cycon Co., Ltd.), DP-35 (manufactured by Technopolymer Co., Ltd.) and AT-05 (manufactured by Nippon A & L Co., Ltd.).
• the impact resistance-improving agent has a content of 0 to 37 mass parts, preferably 1 to 20 mass parts per 100 mass parts of the aromatic polycarbonate resin (A) and the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin (B).
• the content exceeds 37 mass parts, the flame resistance, the heat resistance and the rigidity are reduced in a certain case.
• the organic alkali metal salt and/or the organic alkali earth metal salt (D) include various compounds and are alkali metal salts and alkali earth metal salts of organic acids or organic acid esters each having at least one carbon atom.
• organic acids or the organic acid esters are organic sulfonic acid, organic carboxylic acid and polystyrenesulfonic acid.
• the alkali metals are sodium, potassium, lithium and cesium
• the alkali earth metals are magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium.
• the salts of sodium, potassium and cesium are preferably used.
• the salts of the organic acids may be substituted with halogen such as fluorine, chlorine and bromine.
• the alkali metal salts and the alkali earth metal salts of perfuloroalkanesulfonic acid represented by Formula (2) are preferably used in the case of the organic sulfonic acid: (C n F 2n+1 SO 3 ) m M (2) wherein n represents an integer of 1 to 10; M represents alkali metal such as lithium, sodium, potassium and cesium or alkali earth metal such as magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium; and m represents an atomic value of M.
• perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid capable of being given as the perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid are, for example, perfluoromethanesulfonic acid, perfluoroethanesulfonic acid, perfluoropropanesulfonic acid, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, perfluoromethylbutanesulfonic acid, perfluorohexanesulfonic acid, perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid.
• the potassium salts thereof are preferably used.
• alkali metal salts and the alkali earth metal salts of organic sulfonic acids such as alkylsulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, diphenylsulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorobenzenesulfonic acid, diphenylsulfone-3-sulfonic acid, diphenylsulfone-3,3′-disulfonic acid, naphthalenetrisulfonic acid and fluorine-substituted compounds thereof and polystyrenesulfonic acid.
• organic sulfonic acids such as alkylsulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, diphenylsulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2,5-dichlorobenz
• perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids and diphenylsulfonic acid are preferred.
• a sulfonic acid salt group-containing aromatic vinyl base resin represented by Formula (3) can be used as the alkali metal salts and/or the alkali earth metal salts of polystyrenesulfonic acid: wherein X represents a sulfonic acid salt group; m represents 1 to 5; Y represents hydrogen or hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and n represents a mole ratio and is 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 1.
• the sulfonic acid salt group is alkali metal salt and/or alkali earth metal salt of sulfonic acid, and the metal includes sodium, potassium, lithium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium.
• Y is hydrogen or hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or methyl group.
• n is 1 to 5
• n has a relation of 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 1.
• the aromatic ring may be substituted wholly or partially with the sulfonic acid salt group (X) or the non-substituted ring may be included therein.
• a substitution ratio of the sulfonic acid salt group for obtaining the effect of the flame resistance in the present invention is determined considering a content of the sulfonic acid salt-containing aromatic vinyl base resin, and it shall not specifically be restricted. In general, the resin having a substitution ratio of 10 to 100% is used.
• the sulfonic acid salt group-containing aromatic vinyl base resin shall not be restricted to the polystyrene resin represented by Formula (3), and it may be copolymers with other monomers which can be copolymerized with styrene base monomers.
• a production process for the sulfonic acid salt-containing aromatic vinyl base resin includes (1) a process in which the aromatic vinyl base monomers having a sulfonic acid salt group described above are polymerized or copolymerized with other monomers capable of being copolymerized with them and (2) a process in which an aromatic vinyl base polymer or a copolymer of an aromatic vinyl base monomer with other copolymerizable monomers or a mixed polymer thereof is sulfonated and neutralized by alkali metal salt and/or alkali earth metal salt.
• a mixed solution of conc. sulfuric acid and acetic anhydride is added to a 1,2-dichloroethane solution of a polystyrene resin and heated to react them for several hours, whereby a polystyrene-sulfonated product is produced. Then, it is neutralized by potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide of a mole amount equivalent to that of a sulfonic acid group, whereby a polystyrenesulfonic acid potassium salt or a polystyrenesulfonic acid sodium salt can be obtained.
• the sulfonic acid salt-containing aromatic vinyl base resin used in the present invention has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 300,000, preferably 2,000 to 200,000.
• the weight average molecular weight can be determined by a GPC method.
• organic carboxylic acid Capable of being given as the organic carboxylic acid are, for example, perfluoroformic acid, perfluoromethanecarboxylic acid, perfluoroethanecarboxylic acid, perfluoropropanecarboxylic acid, perfluorobutanecarboxylic acid, perfluoromethylbutanecarboxylic acid, perfluorohexanecarboxylic acid, perfluoroheptanecarboxylic acid and perfluorooctanecarboxylic acid, and the alkali metal salts and the alkali earth metal salts of the above organic carboxylic acids are used.
• the alkali metal and the alkali earth metal are the same as described above.
• organic alkali metal salts and the organic alkali earth metal salts preferred are sulfonic acid alkali metal salts, sulfonic acid alkali earth metal salts, polystyrenesulfonic acid alkali metal salts and polystyrenesulfonic acid alkali earth metal salts.
• organic alkali metal salts and/or the organic alkali earth metal salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds thereof.
• the organic alkali metal salts and/or the organic alkali earth metal salts are added in order to further elevate the flame resistance and the mold releasing property, and the organic alkali metal salts and/or the organic alkali earth metal salts have a content of 0 to 3 mass parts, preferably 0.05 to 1 mass part per 100 mass parts of the aromatic polycarbonate resin (A) and the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin (B).
• the functional group-containing silicone compound (E) is a functional group-containing organopolysiloxane compound, and it is an organopolysiloxane polymer and/or a copolymer having a fundamental structure presented by Formula (1): R 1 a R 2 b SiO (4 ⁇ a ⁇ b)/2 (1) wherein R 1 represents a functional group; R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and a and b are numbers satisfying the relation of 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 3 and 0 ⁇ a+b ⁇ 3.
• the functional group contains an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a polyoxyalkylene group, a hydrogen group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a silanol group, an amino group, a mercapto group, an epoxy group and a vinyl group.
• an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen group, an epoxy group and a vinyl group are preferred.
• organopolysiloxane polymer and/or the copolymer having a plurality of the above functional groups are the organopolysiloxane polymer and/or the copolymer having different functional groups.
• the functional group (R 1 )/the hydrocarbon group (R 2 ) is usually 0.1 to 3, preferably 0.3 to 2.
• the above functional group-containing silicone compounds is liquid or powder and has preferably a good dispersibility in melting and mixing.
• liquid compound having a viscosity of 10 to 500,000 cst can be given as the example thereof.
• the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention even if the above functional group-containing silicone compound is liquid, it is characterized by that it is evenly dispersed in the composition and that it bleeds less in molding or on the surface of the molded article.
• the functional group-containing silicone compound is added in order to further elevate the flame resistance, and the functional group-containing silicone compound has a content of 0 to 3 mass parts, preferably 0.1 to 2 mass parts per 100 mass parts of the aromatic polycarbonate resin (A) and the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin (B).
• the content exceeds 3 mass parts, it causes a deterioration in the appearance and a reduction in the impact resistance and the heat resistance.
• Used as the inorganic filler (F) are talc, mica, wollastonite, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, a glass fiber, a carbon fiber and potassium titanate.
• the glass fiber and the fillers having a tabular form for example, talc, mica and wollastonite are particularly preferred.
• Talc is silicate hydrate of magnesium, and commercially available products can be used.
• any of fibers prepared using alkali-containing glass, low alkali glass and non-alkali glass as raw materials can suitably be used.
• the above glass fibers shall not specifically be restricted in a form thereof, and the fibers having any forms, for example, a roving, a milled fiber and a chopped strand can be used.
• the commercially available products of the glass fiber include CSH-3PA (manufactured by Nittobo Co., Ltd.), T511 (manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd.) and MA409C (manufactured by Asahi Glass Fiber Co., Ltd.).
• the inorganic fillers having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m are used, and the fillers having an average particle diameter of 0.2 to 20 ⁇ m are particularly suitably used.
• the inorganic filler (F) is added in order to elevate the rigidity and the dimension accuracy and further elevate the flame resistance, and the inorganic filler has a content of 0 to 55 mass parts, preferably 0 to 40 mass parts and more preferably 0 to 20 mass parts per 100 mass parts of the aromatic polycarbonate resin (A) and the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin (B).
• the content is 3 to 40 mass parts, preferably 3 to 20 mass part and more preferably 3 to 15 mass parts.
• the glass fiber has a content of preferably 5 to 35 mass parts, more preferably 5 to 30 mass parts.
• the tabular filler has a content of preferably 1 to 20 mass parts, more preferably 3 to 10 mass parts.
• the polyfluoroolefin resin (G) is usually a polymer and a copolymer containing a fluoroethylene structure and includes, for example, difluoroethylene polymers, tetrafluoroethylene polymers, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers and copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and ethylene base monomers containing no fluorine.
• PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
• It is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and has an average molecular weight of preferably 500,000 or more, particularly preferably 500,000 to 10,000,000.
• the compounds having a fibril-forming ability are preferred.
• Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) having a fibril-forming ability shall not specifically be restricted and includes, for example, compounds classified to Type 3 in an ASTM standard.
• Teflon 6-J manufactured by Mitsui.Du Pont Fluorochemical Co., Ltd.
• Polyflon D-1 manufactured by Mitsui.Du Pont Fluorochemical Co., Ltd.
• Polyflon F-103 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.
• Polyflon F201 manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.
• CD076 manufactured by Asahi ICI Fluoropolymers Co., Ltd.
• PTFE polytetrafluoroethylenes
• Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) having a fibril-forming ability as described above can be obtained by, for example, polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene in an aqueous solvent at a pressure of 1 to 100 psi and a temperature of 0 to 200° C., preferably 20 to 100° C. under the presence of sodium, potassium or ammoniumperoxy disulfide.
• the polyfluoroolefin resin is added in order to further elevate the flame resistance (for example, V-0, 5V), and the polyfluoroolefin resin has a content of 0 to 2 mass parts, preferably 0.1 to 1 mass part per 100 mass parts of the aromatic polycarbonate resin (A) and the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin (B).
• the flame resistance is not raised in proportion to an addition amount.
• the other synthetic resins and elastomers can be added to the component comprising (A) to (G) described above for the purpose of improving the moldability, the impact resistance, the appearance, the weatherability and the rigidity.
• Additive components which are usually used for thermoplastic resins can be added as well if necessary.
• a phenol base phosphorus base or sulfur case antioxidant
• an antistatic agent a polyamidepolyether block copolymer (providing a permanent antistatic performance), a benzotriazole base or benzophenone base UV absorber, a hindered amine base light stabilizer (weather resistant agent), a mold releasing agent, a plasticizer, a fungicide, a compatibility accelerating agent and a colorant (dye, pigment).
• a blending amount of the optional components shall not specifically be restricted as long as the characteristics of the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention are maintained.
• the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention is obtained by blending the respective components (A) to (G) described above in the proportions described above and, if necessary, various optional components in suitable proportions and kneading them.
• Blending and kneading can be carried out by a method in which preliminary mixing is carried out by means of an apparatus usually used, for example, a ribbon blender and a drum tumbler and in which used are a Henschel mixer, a Banbury mixer, a single shaft screw extruding machine, a double shaft screw extruding machine, a multishaft screw extruding machine and a cokneader.
• an apparatus usually used for example, a ribbon blender and a drum tumbler and in which used are a Henschel mixer, a Banbury mixer, a single shaft screw extruding machine, a double shaft screw extruding machine, a multishaft screw extruding machine and a cokneader.
• a heating temperature in kneading is suitably selected usually in a range of 240 to 300° C.
• an extrusion-molding machine particularly an extrusion-molding machine of a bent type is preferably used.
• the components other than the polycarbonate resin can be added by melting and kneading in advance with the polycarbonate resin or the other thermoplastic resin, that is, in the form of a master batch.
• Various molded articles can be produced from the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention by means of the melt-kneading molding machine described above or by an injection molding method, an injection compression molding method, an extrusion molding method, a blow molding method, a press molding method, a vacuum molding method and a foaming molding method using the resulting pellets as a raw material.
• a pellet-like molding raw material is produced by the melt-kneading method described above, and then this pellet is particularly suitably used for producing an injection-molded article by injection molding and injection compression molding.
• a gas injection molding method can be adopted in order to prevent shrink of the appearance or reduce the weight.
• a molded article comprising the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention preferably has an SFL (spiral flow length) [thickness 2 mm] of 30 or more at 260° C. (280° C. in the case of containing a glass fiber).
• a molded article obtained from the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention is used in the field of the housings or parts for OA equipments and electric and electronic equipments such as copying machines, facsimiles, televisions, radios, tape recorders, video decks, personal computers, printers, telephones, information terminals, refrigerators and electronic ovens.
• a strong acid polystyrene base sulfonic acid type cation exchange resin Amberlyst 15, manufactured by Rohm & Haas Co., Ltd.
• Bisphenol A 60 kg was dissolved in 400 liter of a 5 mass % sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to prepare a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution of bisphenol A.
• a tubular type reactor having an inside diameter of 10 mm and a tube length of 10 m was charged with the above sodium hydroxide aqueous solution of bisphenol A maintained at a room temperature at a flow rate of 138 liter/hour and methylene chloride at a flow rate of 69 liter/hour through an orifice plate, and phosgene was blown thereinto in a parallel current at a flow rate of 10.7 kg/hour to continuously react them for 3 hours.
• the tubular type reactor used above had a double tube structure, and cooling water was allowed to pass through a jacket part to maintain a discharge temperature of the reaction liquid at 25° C.
• a pH of the reaction liquid was controlled to 10 to 11.
• the PC oligomer obtained above had a polymerization degree of 2 to 4, and a chloroformate group had a concentration of 0.7 normal.
• Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane 1,483 g was mixed with 18.1 g of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane and 35 g of 86% sulfuric acid, and the mixture was stirred at a room temperature for 17 hours.
• the oily matter 294 g obtained above was added to the mixture of 60 g of 2-allylphenol and 0.0014 g of platinum having the form of a platinum chloride-alcolate complex at a temperature of 90° C.
• the above mixture was stirred for 3 hours while maintaining at a temperature of 90 to 115° C.
• the resulting product was extracted with methylene chloride and washed three times with aqueous methanol of 80% to remove excess 2-allylphenol.
• the product obtained was dried on anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was distilled off in the vacuum at a temperature of up to 115° C.
• Resulting PDMS having phenol at a terminal was found to have a repetitive number of 150 in a dimethylsilanoxy unit by measurement of 1 H-NMR.
• the reactive polydimethylsoloxane (PDMS) 138 g obtained in Production Example 3 was dissolved in 2 liter of methylene chloride, and the solution thus prepared was mixed with 10 liter of the PC oligomer obtained above.
• a solution prepared by dissolving 26 g of sodium hydroxide in 1 liter of water and 5.7 ml of triethylamine were added thereto to react them while stirring at 500 rpm and a room temperature for one hour.
• the PC-PDMS copolymer PC-2 thus obtained was dried under vacuum at 120° C. for 24 hours.
• the viscosity average molecular weight was 17,200, and the PDMS content was 3.0 mass %.
• the PDMS content was determined according to the following procedure.
• the content was determined based on an intensity ratio of a peak of a methyl group observed in 1.7 ppm in isopropyl of bisphenol A in 1 H-NMR to a peak of a methyl group observed in 0.2 ppm in dimethylsiloxane.
• a stainless-steel-made reactor equipped with a stirrer was charged with 70 parts of styrene, 30 parts of acrylonitrile, 1.0 part of calcium phosphate, 0.03 part of GAFAC GB520 (brand name, dispersion aid, manufactured by Toho Chemical Co., Ltd.), 0.6 part of lauryl peroxide, 1.0 part of t-dodecylmercaptan and 200 parts of ion-exchanged water to carry out polymerization for 6 hours after elevating the temperature up to 80° C., whereby a copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.6 dl/g (20° C. in N,N′-dimethylformamide) was obtained at a conversion rate of 98%.
• the respective components were mixed in proportions [the components (A) and (B) were shown by weight %, and the other components were shown by mass parts per 100 mass parts of the resin comprising (A) and (B)] shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4, and the mixture was fed to a vent type double shaft extrusion-molding machine (TEM35, manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd.) and molten and kneaded at 280° C. to produce pellets from it.
• TEM35 vent type double shaft extrusion-molding machine
• Irganox 1076 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.
• Adekastab C manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.
• Example 6 PEP-36 [bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite (manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.) was added in place of Adekastab C (manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.).
• the pellets obtained above were dried at 120° C. for 12 hours and then injection-molded at a molding temperature of 260° C. and a die temperature of 80° C. to obtain a test piece.
• Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 10 a drying temperature of 80° C., a molding temperature of 240° C. and a tool temperature of 40° C. were adopted.
• test pieces thus obtained were used and evaluated for performances by various tests, and the results thereof are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
• PC-2 PC-PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-containing bisphenol A polycarbonate resin, viscosity average molecular weight: 17,200, PDMS content: 3.0 mass %, PDMS chain length (n): 150
• Elastomer-1 EXL2603 (manufactured by Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
• Elastomer-2 C223A (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.)
• ABS-1 acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
• B600N manufactured by Ube Cycon Co., Ltd.
• rubber content 60 mass %
• ABS-2 acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
• AT-05 manufactured by Nippon A & L Co., Ltd.
• MFR 5.2 g/10 minutes (200° C., a load of 5 kg)
• Metal salt 1 sodium polystyrenesulfonate (manufactured by Lion Corporation)
• Silicone methyl hydrogen silicone; X40-2664F (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
• PTFE CD076 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Fluoropolymers Co., Ltd.)
• Phosphorus base flame retardant PFR (manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.); resorcinol (diphenyl phosphate)
• Test piece thickness 1.5 mm.
• a vertical combustion test was carried out according to Underwriters Laboratory Subject 94.
• Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Composition PC-1 70 70 70 70 68 85 70 PC-2 15 15 15 15 16 0 15 AS-1 15 15 0 0 16 15 15 AS-2 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 AS-3 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 AS-4 (comparison) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 HIPS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Elastomer-1 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 Elastomer-2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ABS-1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 ABS-2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Metal salt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Metal salt 0 0
• component (C) makes it possible to elevate the impact resistance without reducing the flame resistance.
• the glass fiber-reinforced polycarbonate resin composition of a non-halogen-non-phosphorus compound which is improved in a fluidity while maintaining a flame resistance, a heat resistance and a rigidity is obtained by using the component (B) having a high melt flow rate.
• the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention uses the acrylonitrile-styrene base resin having a melt flow rate (MFR) of 5 or more at 200° C. and a load of 5 kg as the component (B) and therefore does not contain halogen and phosphorus as a flame retardant component, and it is excellent in a fluidity while maintaining a flame resistance, a heat resistance and an impact resistance.
• MFR melt flow rate

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