US20030139458A1 - Treatment of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders - Google Patents

Treatment of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030139458A1
US20030139458A1 US10/316,145 US31614502A US2003139458A1 US 20030139458 A1 US20030139458 A1 US 20030139458A1 US 31614502 A US31614502 A US 31614502A US 2003139458 A1 US2003139458 A1 US 2003139458A1
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independently
optionally substituted
aryl
halogen
alkenylene
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Yansheng Du
Martin Farlow
Ruyu Du
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Priority to US10/316,145 priority Critical patent/US20030139458A1/en
Assigned to DU, YANSHENG reassignment DU, YANSHENG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DU, RUYU, FARLOW, MARTIN R.
Publication of US20030139458A1 publication Critical patent/US20030139458A1/en
Priority to US12/708,401 priority patent/US8575215B2/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
    • A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/275—Nitriles; Isonitriles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system

Definitions

  • Nitric oxide (NO)-induced and caspase 1-related neuronal loss may lead to neurodegenerative disorders associated with neonatal and adult stroke, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyothrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, spinal injury, transplantation, multiple sclerosis, as well as hearing loss.
  • No neuroprotective drug is available to these diseases. Some drugs are available for treating these diseases by enhancing the function of remaining neurons. However, no drug is very successful in slowing the progression of these disorders. Some of them even produce undesirable side effects, such as motor fluctuations and dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease. See, e.g., Quinn, et al., Neurology, 1998, 51, S25-29.
  • NO-induced and caspase 1-related heart cell loss may contribute to cardiovascular disorders, including heart failure, arteriosclerosis, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy.
  • the present invention relates to a method of treating neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders and other disorders associated with NO-induced or caspase 1-related cell death.
  • the method includes administering to the subject in need thereof one or more compounds of Formula (I):
  • Each of R 1 and R 2 is C 1 8 alkylene, C 2-8 alkenylene, or deleted; each of A 1 and A 2 , independently, is aryl or heteroaryl, optionally mono- or multi-(e.g., di- or tri-) substituted with halogen, —CN, —NO 2 , —OH, —SH, —OR 3 , —SR 3 , —R 3 , —R 3 —OR 4 , —C(O)R 3 , —S(O)R 3 , —S(O) 2 R 3 , —NR 4 R 5 , —C(O)OR 3 , —C(O)NR 4 R 5 , —O(O)CR 4 , or —NR 4 (O)CR 5 , and each of X and Y, independently, is O, S, or NR 6 , wherein each R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, and each of R 4 , R 5 ,
  • alkyl refers to a monovalent hydrocarbon radical, straight-chain or branched (e.g., —CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 or —CH(CH 3 ) 2 ).
  • alkylene refers to a divalent hydrocarbon radical, straight-chain or branched (e.g., —CH 2 CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH(CH 3 )—CH 3 ).
  • alkenylene refers to a divalent hydrocarbon radical, straight-chain or branched, containing one or more double bonds (e.g., —CH 2 CH ⁇ CH—CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH ⁇ CH—CH 2 —).
  • aryl refers to a 6 to 12-carbon monocyclic or multicyclic (fused or separated) aromatic system wherein up to 4 atoms of each ring may be substituted.
  • aryl groups include phenyl and naphthyl.
  • heteroaryl refers to an aromatic 5-8 membered monocyclic, 8-12 membered bicyclic, or 11-14 membered tricyclic ring system, which contains 1-3 heteroatoms if monocyclic, 1-6 heteroatoms if bicyclic, or 1-9 heteroatoms if tricyclic (each heteroatom being O, N, or S).
  • heteroaryl groups include pyridyl, furyl, imidazolyl, benzimidazolyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, indolyl, and thiazolyl.
  • each of X and Y is O in one subset of the compounds that can be used to practice the method of this invention.
  • R 1 is a C 2-8 alkenylene and R 2 is a C 1-8 alkylene.
  • each of A 1 and A 2 is aryl (e.g., phenyl), optionally substituted with halogen, —CN, —OH, —SH, —OR 3 , —SR 3 , —R 3 , —R 4 —OR, or —NR 4 R 5 .
  • R 1 is a C 2-3 alkenylene (e.g., —CH ⁇ CH—), and R 2 is a C 1-3 alkylene (e.g., —CH 2 —CH 2 —).
  • R 2 is a C 1-3 alkylene (e.g., —CH 2 —CH 2 —).
  • caffeic acid phenethyl ester is caffeic acid phenethyl ester:
  • the neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders that can be treated by the method of this invention result from NO-induced or caspase 1-related cell loss, as well as from decrease in the amount of dopamine or the number of dopaminergic neurons.
  • Such disorders are associated with a number of diseases, e.g., neonatal and adult stroke, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyothrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, spinal injury, transplantation, multiple sclerosis, hearing loss, heart failure, arteriosclerosis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, and diabetes.
  • diseases e.g., neonatal and adult stroke, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyothrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, spinal injury, transplantation, multiple sclerosis, hearing loss, heart failure, arteriosclerosis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, and diabetes.
  • diseases e.g., neonatal and adult stroke, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer'
  • One or more of the compound described above are formulated into a pharmaceutical composition before they are administered to a subject in need of treatment of a neurodegenerative or cadiovacular disorder.
  • the invention therefore also relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and one or more of the compounds described above in an amount effective for treating a neurodegenerative or cardiovascular disorder.
  • the invention further relates to an article of manufacture.
  • the article includes: i) a container; ii) a pharmaceutical composition containing a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and one or more of the above-described compounds in an effective amount; and iii) a label, disposed on the container and having instructions for administration of the pharmaceutical composition for treating a neurodegenerative or cadiovacular disorder.
  • the instructions can provide directions for administration of the pharmaceutical composition to a subject, e.g., for epidural, intrathecal, parenteral, or local administration.
  • the compounds described above also include their salts and prodrugs, if applicable.
  • Such salts can be formed between a positively charged substituent (e.g., amino) in a compound described and an anion.
  • Suitable anions include, but are not limited to, chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, citrate, methanesulfonate, trifluoroacetate, and acetate.
  • a negatively charged substituent e.g., carboxylate
  • a compound described above can form a salt with a cation.
  • Suitable cations include, but are not limited to, sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion, calcium ion, and an ammonium cation such as teteramethylammonium ion.
  • Examples of prodrugs include esters and other pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives, which, upon administration to a subject, are capable of providing compounds described above.
  • This invention relates to a method of treating neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders as well as other disorders related to NO-induced or caspase 1-related cell death by using one or more compounds of the following formula:
  • a compound in which X is O or S can be prepared by reacting a precursor of the formula A 1 —R 1 —C( ⁇ X)—OH with a precursor of the formula A 2 —R 2 —YH (Y is O, S, or NH).
  • Y is O, S, or NH
  • the compound thus obtained can be optionally converted to an imine (i.e., X is NH or N(alkyl)), e.g., via a reaction with ammonia or an amine.
  • caffeic acid phenethyl ester can be synthesized by reacting caffeic acid with excess phenethyl alcohol in a suitable solvent (e.g., benzene) under reflux in the presence of an acid catalyst (e.g., p-toluene sulfonic acid) for an extended period of time (e.g., 3 or 4 days).
  • a suitable solvent e.g., benzene
  • an acid catalyst e.g., p-toluene sulfonic acid
  • an extended period of time e.g., 3 or 4 days.
  • Pure caffeic acid phenethyl ester m.p. 126-128° C., needles
  • a suitable compound of Formula (I) or its salt in an effective amount is formulated with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to form a pharmaceutical composition before it is administered to a subject in need of treatment of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders as well as other disorders related to NO-induced or caspase 1-related cell death.
  • “An effective amount” refers to the amount of the compound which is required to confer therapeutic effect on the treated subject, and can be determined based on animal and clinical studies. The interrelationship of dosages for animals and humans (based on milligrams per square meter of body surface) is described by Freireich et al., Cancer Chemother Rep, 1966, 50, 219. Body surface area may be approximately determined from height and weight of the patient.
  • Effective doses will also vary, as recognized by those skilled in the art, depending on the route of administration, the excipient usage, and the optional co-usage with other therapeutic treatments.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate, and D&C Yellow #10.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be administered via a parenteral route, e.g., intraperitoneally and intravenously.
  • parenteral dosage forms include an active compound dissolved in phosphate buffer saline (PBS), or admixed with any other pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • Solubilizing agents such as cyclodextrins or other solubilizing agents well known to those familiar with the art, can also be included in the pharmaceutical composition.
  • Efficacy of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on treating neurodegenerative disorders as well as other disorders related to NO-induced cell death was assessed by testing its ability to block NO-induced cell death on cultured neurons according to a method described in Du, et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci, 2001, 98, 14669-14674.
  • CGN cerebellar granule neurons
  • Caffeic acid phenethyl ester was evaluated for its efficacy in treating a neurodegenerative disorder in mice.
  • a group of mice were administered for 9 days with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (5 or 20 mg/kg/day in 10% alcohol by oral gavage, or 40 mg/kg/day in 10% alcohol by intraperitoneal injection).
  • a second group of mice were administered with 10% alcohol free of caffeic acid phenethyl ester.
  • mice then received four intraperitoneal injections of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (“MPTP”)-HCl (20 mg/kg of free base) in saline at 2 hour intervals in a single day, as described in Liberatore, et al., Nat Med, 1999, 5, 1403-1409.
  • MPTP 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
  • mice Seven days after the last administration of MPTP, the mice were anesthetized by halothane inhalation. Their brains were then removed and perfusion-fixed with 4% of paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). After the fixation and subsequent cryoprotection in a 30% sucrose/phosphate buffer, the brains were frozen in liquid nitrogen and sectioned serially (40 ⁇ m) through the entire midbrain. The tissue sections were rinsed 3 times with 0.1 M PBS containing 0.1% Triton-X 100, 5 minutes each time.
  • anti-TH antibody rabbit polyclonal anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (anti-TH) antibody (1:2,500, CALBIOCHEM, La Jolla, Calif.), goat biotinylated-conjugated polyclonal anti-rabbit antibody (1:250; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, Calif.), horseradish-peroxidase conjugated avidin/biotin complex (VECTASTAIN ABC Reagent, Vector Laboratories), and successively exposed to diaminobenzidine for TH-immunohistochemistry analysis and stereological quantification of TH-positive neurons.
  • the stereological method for counting TH-positive neurons is described in Triarhou, et al., J Neurocytol, 1988, 17, 221-232.
  • the third group of mice only received saline, i.e., free of both caffeic acid phenethyl ester and MPTP.
  • mice of the second group were approximately 49%, as compared with the mice of the third group.
  • the mice in the first group showed a much higher number of TH-positive neurons (up to 100%) than the mice in the second group.
  • Treatment of caffeic acid phenethyl ester alone for nine days did not significantly alter the number of TH-positive neurons.
  • the striatal levels of dopamine and its metabolites, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA), were also determined by HPLC with electrochemical detector. See, e.g., Du, et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci, 2001, 98, 14669-14674. Comparison of data from the second group of mice and the third group of mice indicates that the striatal levels of dopamine, DOPAC, and HVA in the mice of the second group decreased by 62%, 46%, and 35%, respectively, 48 hours after the administration of MPTP without treatment with caffeic acid phenethyl ester.
  • DOPAC dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
  • HVA homovanillic acid
  • caffeic acid phenethyl ester (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) significantly blocked the MPTP-induced decrease in the striatal levels of dopamine and its metabolites. More specifically, the caffeic acid phenethyl ester treatment resulted in MPTP-induced reduction of the striatal dopamine, DOPAC, and HVA levels by only 3%, ⁇ 2%, and 16%, respectively.
  • lactate dehydrogenase decreased during 40-minute ischaemic arrest (55.14+/ ⁇ 8.65 vs 19.33+/ ⁇ 7.4 IU/L perfusate for control and treatment, respectively; p ⁇ 0.05). See Ersahin et al., J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 1999 October; 34(4):604-611. The results indicate that caffeic acid phenethyl ester protects myocardium against ischaemic injury and can thus be used to treat cardiac arrest.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
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  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
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US10/316,145 2001-12-10 2002-12-10 Treatment of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders Abandoned US20030139458A1 (en)

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US10/316,145 US20030139458A1 (en) 2001-12-10 2002-12-10 Treatment of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders
US12/708,401 US8575215B2 (en) 2001-12-10 2010-02-18 Treatment of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders

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US33921501P 2001-12-10 2001-12-10
US10/316,145 US20030139458A1 (en) 2001-12-10 2002-12-10 Treatment of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders

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US (2) US20030139458A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1461025B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4511183B2 (de)
CN (1) CN100358515C (de)
AT (1) ATE517617T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2002351341A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2466928A1 (de)
TW (1) TWI335220B (de)
WO (1) WO2003053425A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040167217A1 (en) * 2003-02-26 2004-08-26 Giovanni Scapagnini Neuroprotective effects of polyphenolic compounds
US20090227673A1 (en) * 2006-01-13 2009-09-10 Bao Ting Zhu Method and Composition for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
US20120100122A1 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-26 Chemigen Combination therapy

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US20070208087A1 (en) 2001-11-02 2007-09-06 Sanders Virginia J Compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of inflammatory diseases
PT1511710E (pt) 2002-05-31 2014-02-26 Proteotech Inc Compostos, composições e métodos para o tratamento de doenças da amiloide e sinucleínopatias tais como doença de alzheimer, diabetes do tipo 2, e doença de parkinson
AU2007330333A1 (en) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-12 Novotyr Therapeutics Ltd. Novel protein kinase modulators and therapeutic uses thereof
CA2758016A1 (en) 2008-06-05 2009-12-10 Novotyr Therapeutics Ltd. Novel modulators of protein kinase signaling
CN101941907B (zh) * 2010-05-28 2015-04-01 毛腾淑 4-叔丁基苄基-3,4-二羟基肉桂酸酯及其用途和制备方法
CN103384522B (zh) * 2010-11-15 2016-09-07 帕迪有限公司 咖啡酸衍生物和它们在改善神经细胞生存力中的用途
EP3021944B1 (de) 2013-07-14 2018-12-19 Yissum Research Development Company of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ltd. Igf-1r signalweginhibitoren zur behandlung von neurodegenerativen erkrankungen
CN112494653A (zh) 2015-02-05 2021-03-16 特尔诺沃有限公司 用于治疗癌症的irs/stat3双重调节剂与抗癌剂的组合

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US6271199B2 (en) * 1997-02-15 2001-08-07 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Treatment of infarcts
US6703421B1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2004-03-09 Daiichi Suntory Pharma Co., Ltd. Methods of using phenylmethylbenzoquinone and hydroquinone compounds for treatment of myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure

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US4959503A (en) * 1986-04-11 1990-09-25 Warner-Lambert Company Diarylalkanoids having activity as lipoxygenase inhibitors
US5981583A (en) * 1996-09-05 1999-11-09 Research Development Foundation Inhibition of nuclear transcription factor NF-κB by caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), derivatives of CAPE, capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) and resiniferatoxin
US6271199B2 (en) * 1997-02-15 2001-08-07 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Treatment of infarcts
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040167217A1 (en) * 2003-02-26 2004-08-26 Giovanni Scapagnini Neuroprotective effects of polyphenolic compounds
US20090227673A1 (en) * 2006-01-13 2009-09-10 Bao Ting Zhu Method and Composition for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
US20120100122A1 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-26 Chemigen Combination therapy
US9040579B2 (en) * 2010-10-18 2015-05-26 Chemigen Combination therapy using coenzyme Q10 and a caffeic acid-derived ester

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JP4511183B2 (ja) 2010-07-28
TW200301100A (en) 2003-07-01
WO2003053425A1 (en) 2003-07-03
EP1461025B1 (de) 2011-07-27
EP1461025A1 (de) 2004-09-29
CN100358515C (zh) 2008-01-02
AU2002351341A1 (en) 2003-07-09
TWI335220B (en) 2011-01-01
CN1589137A (zh) 2005-03-02
ATE517617T1 (de) 2011-08-15
EP1461025A4 (de) 2009-07-29
US8575215B2 (en) 2013-11-05
US20100160433A1 (en) 2010-06-24
JP2005513100A (ja) 2005-05-12
CA2466928A1 (en) 2003-07-03

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