US11491218B2 - Pharmaceutical composition that includes the surface and nucleocapsid antigens of the hepatitis B virus - Google Patents

Pharmaceutical composition that includes the surface and nucleocapsid antigens of the hepatitis B virus Download PDF

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US11491218B2
US11491218B2 US16/088,188 US201716088188A US11491218B2 US 11491218 B2 US11491218 B2 US 11491218B2 US 201716088188 A US201716088188 A US 201716088188A US 11491218 B2 US11491218 B2 US 11491218B2
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hbsag
hbcag
antigen
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Julio César Aguilar Rubido
Yadira Lobaina Mato
Enrique Iglesias Perez
Eduardo Pentón Arias
Gerardo Enrique Guillén Nieto
Jorge Agustín AGUIAR SANTIAGO
Sonia Gonzalez Blanco
Jorge VALDES HERNANDEZ
Mariela Vazquez Castillo
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Centro de Ingenieria Genetica y Biotecnologia CIGB
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    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/005—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from viruses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/51—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA
    • A61K2039/525—Virus
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/54—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the route of administration
    • A61K2039/541—Mucosal route
    • A61K2039/543—Mucosal route intranasal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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    • A61K2039/57—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the type of response, e.g. Th1, Th2
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    • C12N2730/10011—Hepadnaviridae
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    • C12N2730/10111—Orthohepadnavirus, e.g. hepatitis B virus
    • C12N2730/10134—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein

Definitions

  • This invention is related to the field of medicine, particularly the branch of vaccinology, and specifically to the development of vaccine compositions with increased effectiveness.
  • These compositions include the antigens of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that has modifications in its chemical composition, which unexpectedly increased their immunogenicity.
  • HBV antigens that were modified in their chemical composition were the surface antigen (HBsAg) and the core antigen (HBcAg).
  • the World Health Organization considers that nearly half of the world population has been infected by HBV, based on the presence of serological markers of infection. It has been estimated that approximately 5 to 10% of the adults, and up to 90% of the neonates infected by HBV develop chronic hepatitis B (CHB). At present, 350 million persons have persistent or chronic infections.
  • CHB chronic hepatitis B
  • alpha interferon IFN- ⁇
  • pegilated variant PegIFN
  • nucleotide and nucleoside analogues such as Tenofovir, Entecavir, Lamivudin, Adefovir-dipivoxil and Telbivudin
  • AE important adverse events
  • Genhevac B° A pilot vaccination study in CHB patients using Genhevac B° (Aventis Pasteur, France, produced in —CHO mammal cells) showed a reduction in HBV replication in about 50% of the chronic carriers [Pol S, et al. C R Acad Sci III (1993), 316:688-91].
  • Genhevac B® vaccine and the Recombivax® (Merck Sharp Dohme-Chibret, France) yeast produced vaccine.
  • a significant difference was observed here at the sixth month (3%, 20% and 22%) among the groups inoculated with Genhevac® and Recombivax®, respectively. The difference, however, disappeared on month 12 [Pol S, J Hepatol (2001); 34:917-21]. It was concluded that no clear benefit was observed, and the pre-S2 antigen found in the Genhevac® did not seem to have any additional effect.
  • the Hepagene® (Medeva Ltd., UK) CHO produced vaccine includes the three variants of HBsAg (L, S and M), and their results in healthy volunteers and non-responders demonstrated high levels of immunogenicity [Page M, et al. Intervirology (2001), 44:88-97; Yap I, et al. Ann Acad Med Singapore (1996), 25: 120-122; Zuckerman J N, et al. BMJ (1997), 314: 329; Jones C D, et al. Vaccine (1999), 17(20-21): 2528-37]. Taking this into consideration, a study was carried out to evaluate its therapeutic potential.
  • the combined anti-viral vaccination strategy should favor a greater reactiveness of the T cell response for HBV, but it can also be considered to be safer, since it should avoid liver damage, as a consequence of the activation of the immune system.
  • the activation of the specific immune response by the vaccine in CHB patients can produce fulminant hepatitis.
  • the absence of immune stimulation against nucleocapsid antigens is probably a main immunological marker of the failure of the therapeutic vaccination based on HBsAg.
  • the aim of therapeutic vaccination in CHB is to trigger the same natural immune mechanisms that prevail during the acute hepatitis B and that are self-controlled, or in the CHB that goes through seroconversion. If an immunotherapy fails to stimulate these immune responses, it will probably fail to induce seroconversion.
  • the proteins of the envelope justify its inclusion in a therapeutic vaccine.
  • the proteins of the envelope contain numerous epitopes of cells B and T [Penna A, et al. J Virol (1992), 66(2):1193-6; Nayersina R, et al. J Immunol (1993), 150:4659-71], and it is estimated that the antibodies anti-envelope play a critical role in viral suppression, by removing the free viral particles from circulation and preventing the re-infection of susceptible cells.
  • HBcAg is the main antigenic candidate that should be included in a therapeutic vaccine for CHB.
  • the epitopic response of T cells is strongly favored and is predominant during the seroconversion in spontaneous or treatment induced CHB [Ferrari C, et al. J Clin Invest (1991), 88:214-22; Marinos G, et al. Hepatology (1995), 22:1040-9; Tsai S L, et al. Clin Invest (1992), 89:87-96].
  • HBsAg The Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) produces HBsAg, as a recombinant protein, obtained in the host yeast Pichia pastoris .
  • This antigen has been included in the preventive vaccine Heberbiovac HB® since the beginning of the 1990's [Muzio V, et al. Biotecnolog ⁇ atianda (2001) 18; 103-104; ul-Hag N, et al. Vaccine (2003) 21:3179-85].
  • CIGB developed a formulation where the immune response against hepatitis B is extended; this formulation includes HBsAg and HBcAg, as the main components; the antigens are administered through the mucosal route to generate systemic and mucosal response [European Patent No. EP 1136077].
  • this formulation includes HBsAg and HBcAg, as the main components; the antigens are administered through the mucosal route to generate systemic and mucosal response
  • the generation of aggregated antigenic structures forming particles are described. This document reveals that the aggregation, delipidation or oxidation, as well as the selection of particles of 30-500 nm, and the formulation of these aggregates, conveniently adjuvanted, favor the immunogenicity of the resulting antigenic preparation [European Patent No. EP1346727].
  • the invention helps solve the above mentioned problem by providing a pharmaceutical composition that is characterized by: 1) the HBcAg antigen that includes the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) at a proportion of more than 45% of the total ribonucleic acid (RNA) of this antigen and 2) the HBsAg antigen of the HBV.
  • the pharmaceutical composition contains HBsAg that includes phosphatidylserine at a proportion of more than 5% of the total lipids forming this antigen.
  • the HBcAg was obtained with mRNA at a level of over 45%.
  • this modified antigen was obtained because of the combination of changes in parameters of its fermentation process.
  • the use of a chemically defined medium and the low rate of specific growth gave way to a variant of the HBcAg where the proportion of mRNA increased, in comparison with the rest of the RNA present in it.
  • HBcAg containing more than 45% mRNA within the total RNA had a higher immunogenicity compared to the HBcAg obtained without any modification in its mRNA content.
  • This increase in the immunogenicity included a significant increase in the Th1 cytokines, and an enhanced capacity for the elimination of circulating HBsAg after immunizing CHB transgenic mice and patients.
  • this invention we evaluated the HBsAg that contains phosphatidylserine at a level of over 5% of the total amount of phospholipids present in this lipoprotein antigen.
  • the increase in the proportion of phosphatidylserine at over 5% of the total amount of phospholipids was demonstrated in relation to the variation of the parameters, such as the increase in the calcium and magnesium concentrations in the fermentation medium, the low specific growth rate and the low pH.
  • the invention was not restricted to the HBsAg obtained under these conditions.
  • the increase in the proportion of phosphatidylserine at over 5% was correlated to the increase of the immunogenicity of the resulting antigen, on comparing it to the HBsAg with a lower content of this phospholipid.
  • a significant increase of Th1 cytokines was observed, as well as a greater capacity of eliminating the circulating HBsAg after the immunization of the HBsAg transgenic mice and CHB patients with the HBsAg containing over 5% phosphatidylserine, in relation to the total % of phospholipids.
  • the particularly modified HBsAg and HBcAg antigens have been selected on the basis of a higher intensity of the immune and antiviral response, compared to the formulations in which the unmodified antigens were used. Furthermore, the formulation containing both antigens was able to produce the seroconversion of the HBsAg to anti-HBsAg in a greater number of individuals, when comparing them to the antigens administered separately, demonstrating the importance and functionality of the modifications detected in the antigens forming part of the composition of this inventions, as well as the superiority of the combined formulations, compared to the individual antigens.
  • This invention represents a new solution to the problem prevailing in the state of the art on the need for new formulations that would make it possible to potentiate the immune response anti-HBsAg and anti-HBcAg, to achieve more effective treatments for the control of the chronic infection due to HBV.
  • the issue of this invention cannot be considered to be obvious, or derived from the state of the art by knowledgeable persons, since it is the result of the identification of new characteristics of the described antigens. Although these modified antigens maintain their protein composition intact, they are different in relation to the chemical composition of the molecules associated to them.
  • modified HBcAg is a preparation from the HBcAg that includes mRNA at a proportion of over 45% of the total RNA of that antigen.
  • modified HBsAg is the preparation of HBsAg that contains phosphatidylserine at a proportion of over 5% of the total amount of phospholipids of this antigen.
  • the composition having the HBcAg antigen, with the mRNA at a proportion of over 45% of the total RNA of this antigen and the HBsAg antigen of HBV is characterized because it is formulated for the administration by the parenteral and mucosal routes.
  • devices that have been developed and or commercialized for the administration of pharmaceutical formulations through that route may be used.
  • this composition is additionally characterized by having a vaccine adjuvant.
  • vaccine adjuvants that may be present in the composition of the invention, for example, we find those that are well known by persons knowledgeable in this technical field, such as aluminum salts, the emulsions of water in oil, developed for human use, stimulators of the immune system, etc.
  • the invention provides the use of the HBcAg antigen that includes the mRNA at a proportion of over 45% of the total RNA of this antigen and the HBsAg antigen for manufacturing a drug for the immunoprophylaxis or immunotherapy against the HBV infection.
  • the HBsAg forming part of this drug has phosphatidylserine at a proportion of over 5% of the total phospholipids of this antigen.
  • this drug is formulated for administration by the parenteral and mucosal routes.
  • the drug with HBcAg, having mRNA at a proportion of over 45% of the total RNA of this antigen, and the HBsAg antigen is used in the treatment of CHB patients or patients with co-infections, where one of the infecting viruses is HBV. Additionally, on treating the CHB patients with this drug, the use leads to the prevention of hepatocellular cancer derived from HBV infection.
  • the drug having HBcAg with mRNA at a proportion of over 45% of the total RNA of this antigen and the HBsAg antigen is used in the treatment of CHB patients by immunotherapy, this can be done in an active manner (through immunization of the patients with this drug) or in a passive form, through cellular stimulation.
  • the pharmaceutical formulation of the invention can be used in the stimulation of autologous or heterologous cells.
  • the invention results in a cellular stimulation method with this formulation, and the later passive immunization of the patients with CHB, based on the maximum stimulation, in vivo or in vitro, of autologous or heterologouse cells that include dendritic cells, B cells and macrophages.
  • the current invention reveals a method for immunoprophylaxis, or the immunotherapy against the HBV infection that is characterized because it administers to an individual needing it, an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising the HBcAg antigen that has mRNA at a proportion of over 45% of the total RNA of this antigen and the HBsAg antigen of the HBV.
  • the HBsAg comprises phosphatidylserine at a proportion of over 5% of the total amount of phospholipids of this antigen.
  • this pharmaceutical composition is administered by the parenteral and mucosal routes.
  • the individual receiving the immunotherapy is a patient with CHB. In this case, the application of the invention method for the immunotherapy of the CHB patients produces the prevention of hepatocellular cancer derived from HBV infection.
  • the HBcAg antigen that has mRNA in a proportion of more than 45% of the total RNA of this antigen and the HBsAg antigen to increase the immune response against an additional antigen that is co-administered with the mixture of these antigens.
  • the HBsAg forming part of the antigen mixture has phosphatidylserine at a proportion of over 5% of the total amount of phospholipids of this antigen.
  • the mixture of antigens referred to above can be used in the potentiation of the immune response against CHB (in a therapeutic scenario) or under strategies for preventive vaccination where the vaccine is multivalent. This is so because in addition to the increase in immunogenicity of the HBsAg and HBcAg antigens modified in a particular form, it was possible to verify that they are able to induce a potentiating immunogenicity effect of the heterologous antigens. The results of the experimental evaluations demonstrate that these antigens found in multivalent formulations can be useful for prophylactic or therapeutic use.
  • FIG. 1 Response of IgG anti-HBcAg antibodies after administering two doses.
  • FIG. 2 AntibodiesIgG anti-CR3.
  • FIG. 3 Proliferative response of T cells CD8+CR3 (HIV-1)-specific.
  • the HBcAg was obtained from a strain of E. coli that was genetically transformed with a plasmid that carried the gene codifying for this antigen [Aguilar J C, et al. Immunol Cell Biol (2004) 82:539-46].
  • rRNA ribosomal RNA
  • Example 2 Obtaining the Virus Like Particles (VLP) of HBsAg with Different Proportions of Phosphatidylserine
  • the recombinant HBsAg was obtained from a strain of genetically transformed P. pastoris using the gene that codifies this antigen [European Patent No. EP 480525]. It is known that the HBsAg expressed in this yeast species contains phosphatidylserine within its structural lipids [Lobaina Y, et al. Biotecnolog ⁇ atianda (2008), 25:325-331]. However, up until this invention, the influence of the presence of this lipid in the immunogenicity of this antigen had not been studied.
  • the phosphatidylserine is associated to the VLP of the HBsAg, of known lipid nature.
  • the results shown in Table 3 represent the average values of the five different repetitions.
  • the purification was similar for all preparations of HBsAg produced under different experimental conditions. As observed in the table, there was no detection of phosphatidylserine in the samples obtained when the fermentation was carried out with a culture medium that contained a concentration of Mg (2+) at less than 1.2%.
  • the levels of phosphatidylserine found in the preparation obtained with culture media containing 2.0% Mg (2+) were significantly higher than those found in the preparation obtained with the culture medium containing 1.4% Mg (2+) (Variant C).
  • the preparations of the HBsAg represented in Table 3 were identical in their protein composition, according to the characterization made to study their primary, secondary and tertiary structure, comparable to the original variant. It is important to point out that the lipid concentration/protein concentration ratio did not change for any of the variants in the study. The same finding was obtained with the proportion of total phospholipids vs. the total protein content. No other significant changes took place during the analyses of impurities of the HBsAg or of other minor compounds, as a result of the analysis of their composition using mass spectrometry.
  • mice that expressed the HBsAg in the serum [Castro F O, et al. Interferón y Biotecnolog ⁇ a (1989) 6:251-257; Pérez A, et al. Acta Biotechnol (1993) 13: 373-383]. Seven groups of six mice each were used. These were female mice of 8-12 weeks of age that were immunized by the intranasal route (IN). The first six groups of the study received 5 ⁇ g each of the different variants of the HBsAg described in Table 3 with the Freund adjuvant.
  • the seventh group was used as the control group and received PBS 1 ⁇ . All treatment groups received 10 doses of the immunogen, which was administered every 14 days. The blood extractions were carried out before the initial immunization and 10 days after each dose, as of the third dose.
  • Table 4 the levels of HBsAg in the blood of transgenic mice are shown, as well as the levels of cytokines (IFN gamma (IFN- ⁇ ), tumoral necrosis factor (TNF- ⁇ ), and IL-2 induced in supernatants of splenocyte cultures, isolated after administrating the 10 dosages. The evaluations were made using the ELISA technique.
  • the concentration of HBsAg in the blood of transgenic mice for HBsAg was significantly reduced, when the level of the phosphatidylserine in this HBsAg was of 5% or more (variants D, E and F in Table 3, Example 2).
  • the variants of HBsAg of 5% or more phosphatidylserine induced significantly superior levels of IFN- ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ and IL-2, compared to variants with low levels (variant C) or those where phosphatidylserine was undetectable, suggesting a dose-dependent effect. This is observed in Table 4.
  • Example 4 Demonstration of the Increase of Immunogenicity in Patients with CHB of Variants of HBcAg Having a Higher Proportion of Encapsulated mRNA
  • Example 1 it was proven in mice that there was an increase in the immunogenicity of the HBcAg with the increase in the proportion of the mRNA within the total amount of encapsulated RNA. Taking these results into account, the immunological behavior and the antiviral in vivo response of the formulations including both HBcAg and HBsAg, with modifications in their mRNA and phosphatidylserine, respectively, were characterized.
  • a phase II randomized and double blind clinical trial was carried out in chronic hepatitis B patients.
  • the patients selected had high viral loads of above 10 000 copies/mL and the HBeAg was positive at the start of the study.
  • a total of 10 dosages were given, which were divided into two cycles of 5 doses each, with an interval of one month between them.
  • the first 5 doses were administered by the IN route alone, and the other 5 were administered IN/SC at the same time. In both administration cycles the doses were given at 14 day intervals.
  • the antigens were evaluated in the range of concentrations from 50 ⁇ g per antigen per dose, up to 1 000 ⁇ g per antigen per dose, with evidence of anti-viral response, in terms of seroconversion to HBsAg and HBeAg, virological control and sustained virological response of under 10 000 copies of DNA of the HBV per mL, at more than 1 year after the end of the treatment.
  • the formulations containing the variants of modified HBcAg and HBsAg developed more potent Th1 immunogenicity in mice transgenic to HBV and in patients, compared to the response obtained with the formulations containing the unmodified antigens, or the formulations that contained only one of these modified antigens.
  • Adjuvant capacity was compared in this study, i.e., the increase of the immune response toward antigens that are co-administered, within a mixture of recombinant HBcAg and HBcAg proteins with modifications in their mRNA and phosphatidylserine content, respectively, with the mixture of unmodified HBcAg and HBsAg, through the parenteral and mucosal routes.
  • the recombinant chimeric protein CR3 was selected; this is the multiepitopic antigen of HIV-1 [Iglesias E et al. J Biochem Mol Biol & Biophys (2001) 1:109-122].
  • the dose used was of 5 ⁇ g of each antigen by each route; and the immunogens were administered on days 0, 7 and 21 of the immunization schedule.
  • the proteins were dissolved in PBS and adsorbed in 1.4 mg/mL of aluminum hydroxide (Superfos Biosector A/S, Vedbaek, Denmark).
  • the animals were anaesthetized by the intra-peritoneal (IP) administration of 30 ⁇ L of ketamine (10 mg/mL), located in a supine position, and the immunogens were slowly dispensed in 50 ⁇ L (25 ⁇ L/per nostril) with a pipette tip.
  • IP intra-peritoneal
  • the immunogens were slowly dispensed in 50 ⁇ L (25 ⁇ L/per nostril) with a pipette tip.
  • the Gaussian distribution was evaluated for the statistical analysis of the data with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the equality of variances with the Bartlett test.
  • the samples with normal distribution (or those in which the Gaussian distribution is inferred) and with equal variance were compared with parametric tests; otherwise, the alternative non-parametric test was used.
  • All titers of IgG were transformed to log 10, in order to achieve a normal distribution of the values.
  • the sera of the animals that did not reach seroconversion were assigned an arbitrary titer of 1:10, for statistical processing. A value of p ⁇ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  • the CR3-specific IFN- ⁇ was quantified with a sandwich type ELISA.
  • the detection limit was 0.80 ng/mL.
  • the frequency of the CD8+ cells that are specific for CR3 were compared after the ex vivo stimulation in the groups immunized by the SC route.
  • a higher frequency of CD8+ cells were obtained in the stimulated group in CR3+mC+mS (SC) vs CR3+C+S (SC) (p ⁇ 0.05), which is observed in FIG. 3 .
  • Example 6 Passive Immunization Through the Adoptive Transfer of Cells from Balb/c Mice Immunized with Formulations of the HBcAg and HBsAg with Modifications in their mRNA Content and of Phosphatidylserine, Respectively, to Transgenic Balb/c Mice Expressing the HBsAg
  • mice were immunized with a vaccine preparation containing the modified antigens HBsAg (with a content of phosphatidylserine of more than 5%) and HBcAg (with a content of mRNA of more than 45%), simultaneously by the IN and parenteral routes.
  • a vaccine preparation containing the modified antigens HBsAg (with a content of phosphatidylserine of more than 5%) and HBcAg (with a content of mRNA of more than 45%), simultaneously by the IN and parenteral routes.
  • the dosage in volume of 100 ⁇ L
  • the dosage was administered on days 0 and 14, and a booster shot was administered on day 100, before the transfer.
  • the blood extractions were made at the retro-orbital plexus on days 2, 10 and 25.
  • Table 8 shows the design of the immunization schedule, including the treatment received by each group.
  • the evaluation of the immune humoral response generated by these treatments was carried out by measuring the IgG response and the subclasses of IgG anti-HBsAg, after each inoculation, using the ELISA technique.
  • IgG response was evaluated by 10 days after the first administration.
  • ELISPOT type trial was carried out to measure the secretion of specific IFN- ⁇ against the HBsAg by the CD8+ lymphocytes from the spleen.
  • the results of these evaluations indicate that Group 5 generates the greatest cellular response and a humoral response that does not differ from the rest of the groups studied. Based on this, we selected two animals from this group as splenocyte donors for adoptive transfer.
  • the selection of the immunogen was carried out at a proportion of 1:1 (HBsAg:HBcAg)
  • mice from Group 5 Fifteen days after receiving the booster shot, the two mice from Group 5, and three mice from Group 7 (placebo) were sacrificed and their spleen was extracted. The spleens from Group 5 and those of Group 7, respectively, were grouped. The spleens were processed until the splenocytes were obtained. They were separated into aliquots of 30 ⁇ 10 6 cells in 100 ⁇ L of PBS 1 ⁇ , for their transfer to the receptor mice.
  • Transgenic mice expressing the HBsAg that were used as receptors were of between 16-20 weeks of age and from both sexes. They were assigned to the different treatment groups as shown in Table 9.
  • a partial blood extraction was carried out to check the levels of HBsAg in the serum.
  • we inoculated through the IP route) 30 ⁇ 10 6 splenocytes in a volume of 100 ⁇ L of PBS 1 ⁇ .
  • the blood extractions to evaluate the effect of the adoptive transfer of immunity were made through the retro-orbital plexus, each week for 5 weeks. On week 8 post-transfer, the animals were bled and sacrificed.
  • mice receiving cells with a previous immunity to HBsAg showed, from the evaluation on the week after the transfer, a marked decrease of the HBsAg in the serum, with significant differences between time zero and the 2 nd and 3 rd weeks (p ⁇ 0.05).
  • the fourth week (day 35) we observed that the concentrations of HBsAg in the serum started increasing, thus indicating that the control of the anti-genemia by the transferred immunity is decreasing.
  • week 8 day 63
  • mice receiving the splenocyte transfer with specific immunity against HBsAg we detected marked decreases of the HBsAg in the serum, which were more notable between days 7 and 28.
  • the mice that received the placebo splenocyte transfer, or the PBS although there are changes in the concentration of the HBsAg in the serum, it never reached a significant difference with time zero, and values below 5 ⁇ g/ml were never detected.

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