US11277043B2 - Winding structure of electrical machine, magnetic conductive member of electrical machine, ferromagnetic lamination and electrical machine - Google Patents

Winding structure of electrical machine, magnetic conductive member of electrical machine, ferromagnetic lamination and electrical machine Download PDF

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US11277043B2
US11277043B2 US16/090,662 US201816090662A US11277043B2 US 11277043 B2 US11277043 B2 US 11277043B2 US 201816090662 A US201816090662 A US 201816090662A US 11277043 B2 US11277043 B2 US 11277043B2
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slot
winding
electrical machine
ferromagnetic
conductive member
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US20210218292A1 (en
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Shengjun MA
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Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
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Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/26—Rotor cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/265—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/12—Impregnating, heating or drying of windings, stators, rotors or machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H02K3/345—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/48—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure in slots
    • H02K3/487—Slot-closing devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/44—Protection against moisture or chemical attack; Windings specially adapted for operation in liquid or gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electrical machines, and in particular to a ferromagnetic lamination used for manufacturing a magnetic conductive member of an electrical machine, a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine formed by the ferromagnetic lamination, a winding structure of an electrical machine, an electrical machine having the winding structure of the electrical machine, and an electric energy and magnetic energy conversion device.
  • a wind turbine generator system is a large power generation device that converts wind energy into electric energy.
  • an electrical machine includes a rotor and a stator, and the stator includes a stator core and a winding wound on the stator core.
  • a winding slot is required to be opened on a magnetic conductive member of an electrical machine, and a coil winding is required to be arranged in the winding slot.
  • the coil winding is fixed in the winding slot by providing various shapes of slot wedges at a slot opening.
  • the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine is generally formed by superposing multiple ferromagnetic laminations each having a tooth slot on each other.
  • the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine is a stator core
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show schematic views of a partial structure of a stator winding
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a partial structure of the stator winding
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic axial view of a tooth slot 31 of a ferromagnetic lamination 30
  • FIG. 5 shows an axial sectional view of the ferromagnetic lamination 30 filled with a coil winding 200 .
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 taking an inner stator as an example, after the ferromagnetic laminations 30 are superposed to form the stator core 10 , winding slots 11 for accommodating the coil winding are formed on the outer circumference of the stator core 10 .
  • the inner edge of the tooth slot 31 of each ferromagnetic lamination 30 is substantially linear, and after the multiple ferromagnetic laminations 30 are superposed on each other, the inner wall of the winding slot 11 formed by the tooth slots 31 of the ferromagnetic laminations 30 is a substantially flat surface.
  • the coil winding 200 is fixed in the winding slots 11 , and slot wedges 300 are provided at slot openings of the winding slots 11 to fix the coil winding 200 in the winding slots 11 .
  • the stator core 10 serves as the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine
  • the inner periphery of the winding slot 11 is a ferromagnetic boundary.
  • a stator winding member is formed by winding the coil winding 200 in the winding slots 11 .
  • fine gaps are provided between edges of the ferromagnetic laminations 30 superposed on each other, a certain gap is provided between the ferromagnetic boundary and the coil winding 11 , a certain gap is also provided between the coil winding 11 and the slot wedge 300 , and between the slot wedge 300 and the inner edge of the slot opening, and a certain gap is also provided inside the coil winding 11 .
  • an impregnation treatment is generally performed on the stator winding, and the gaps in the stator winding are filled with insulating varnish or insulating glue.
  • a varnish impregnation treatment is commonly used in the impregnation treatment for the insulation treatment of an electrical machine stator.
  • the currently used varnish impregnation treatment process is double varnish impregnation in a thermal immersion process.
  • the varnish impregnation process generally includes: pre-baking, first varnish impregnation, varnish dripping, first drying, second varnish impregnation, varnish dripping, and second drying.
  • the insulating varnish can fill the inner gaps of the stator winding and cover the surface of the coil winding by the varnish impregnation treatment. However, even after the varnish impregnation treatment, there are still some gaps in the stator winding. Therefore, the stator winding after the varnish impregnation treatment is like a porous insulating material.
  • the insulating varnish In the varnish impregnation process, the insulating varnish is expected to penetrate into the gaps of the stator iron core better and more fully, to reduce gaps in the stator winding as much as possible. In the varnish dripping process, the least possible insulating varnish is expected to flow out from the stator iron core as little as possible.
  • the viscosity of the insulating varnish directly affects that whether the insulating varnish can easily penetrate into the gaps of the stator winding and whether the insulating varnish can easily flow out from the stator winding.
  • the viscosity of the varnish is related to an amount of solvent in the varnish. The more the solvent, the less the solid content, and the lower the viscosity of the varnish. In a case where low-viscosity varnish is used, although the varnish has strong penetration ability and can penetrate well into the gaps of the stator winding, due to the small vanish content, there are still many gaps left after the solvent volatilizes. In addition, much varnish flows out in the varnish dripping process, which affects the moisture resistance, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength and dielectric strength of the stator winding.
  • the varnish having a too high viscosity In a case where the varnish having a too high viscosity is used, the varnish can hardly penetrate into the inside of the winding, that is, a phenomenon of “impermeable” occurs, and similarly, the moisture resistance, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength and dielectric strength of the stator winding cannot meet the requirements.
  • the traditional ferromagnetic lamination structure is beneficial to the entry of varnish, but cannot prevent the loss of varnish. Therefore, although advanced impregnation processes (such as vacuum pressure impregnation (VPI) and the like) are adopted during the production process of the electrical machine, “bubbles” or “air gaps” are inevitably generated in a winding of the electrical machine, especially at an insulation boundary of an electromagnetic wire (ferromagnetic boundary). On one hand, hidden dangers of water entry and moisture adsorption which damage the insulation are caused by the “bubbles” or “air gaps”; on the other hand, partial discharge may occur at the “bubbles” or “air gaps”.
  • VPI vacuum pressure impregnation
  • the discharge may damage the structure of a polymeric insulating material in the wires, which may result in cracking, local melting and chemical degradation, thereby producing H and O to corrode the insulating material to form “micro holes”.
  • the insulation layers are “wet to swell up” and “soaked to swell up”, which causes the insulation layers to age, meanwhile, the moisture gasifies and condenses in the thermal cycle, larger “gaps” are formed, which results in the separation and peeling of the insulating layers of the wires, thereby causing a short circuit between the wires.
  • the conventional stator winding has both advantages and disadvantages in the varnish impregnation process. Since the ferromagnetic boundary (an in-slot edge of a lamination iron core) is a substantially flat surface, the ferromagnetic boundary structure facilitates the entry of the insulating varnish during the varnish impregnation process, but cannot prevent the loss of the insulating varnish during the varnish dripping process. Especially during the varnish dripping process, the insulating varnish not only flows out from the slot opening (slot wedge) in the radial direction, but also flows out from both axial ends of the winding slot in the axial direction. Therefore, a small amount of varnish having a thin thickness is applied in the stator winding, particularly on the surface of the ferromagnetic boundary. Further, at the slot opening portion, a tight sealing ring can hardly be formed at the outer periphery of the slot wedge.
  • the slot wedge 300 is used to fix the in-slot coil 200 in the conventional technology
  • the elastic moduli of the ferromagnetic laminations are greatly different, a “debonding” phenomenon may occur at the bonding layer interface formed between a free end of the conventional slot wedge and a slot opening tooth sheet of the ferromagnetic lamination with the help of the insulting medium, resulting in that a gap is formed between the slot wedge and a slot opening tooth sheet of the iron core, and the moisture and water naturally enter the winding slot along the gap where the “debonding” phenomenon occurs to damage the insulation.
  • the slot wedge is made of a magnetic conductive material, the firmness of the bonding layer interface between the slot wedge and the slot opening tooth sheet of the iron core cannot be ensured, and the moisture and water cannot be prevented from naturally entering the winding slot along the gap where the bonding layer cracks to damage the insulation.
  • An object of the present application is to provide a ferromagnetic lamination having an improved structure, a magnetic conductive member of an electrical machine formed by the ferromagnetic lamination, a winding structure of the electrical machine, and an electrical machine having the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine or the winding structure of the electrical machine.
  • a winding structure of the electrical machine includes a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine and a coil winding.
  • the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine has multiple winding slots; the coil winding is arranged in the winding slots; multiple cavities opening toward the inside of the each of the winding slots are formed in an inner wall of the winding slot, and a filling medium is filled in the cavities and between the winding slot and the coil winding.
  • an electrical machine includes the winding structure of the electrical machine described above.
  • a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine includes winding slots. Multiple cavities in communication with each of the winding slots are formed in an inner wall of the winding slot.
  • an electrical machine includes the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine described above.
  • a ferromagnetic lamination is provided. Multiple grooves are provided at a ferromagnetic boundary, where a tooth slot is formed, of the ferromagnetic lamination, and the multiple grooves are in communication with the tooth slot.
  • an electrical machine includes a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine formed by the ferromagnetic lamination described above.
  • an electric energy and magnetic energy conversion device is further provided.
  • the electric energy and magnetic energy conversion device includes an electrically conductive member, an insulator and a magnetic conductive member.
  • the electrically conductive member is arranged on the magnetic conductive member; the insulator is formed between the magnetic conductive member and the electrically conductive member.
  • Multiple cavities are formed on a boundary, corresponding to the electrically conductive member, of the magnetic conductive member, and the insulator is filled in both the multiple cavities and a gap between the electrically conductive member and the magnetic conductive member other than the multiple cavities.
  • a liquid insulating medium can be effectively retained and fixed by means of a cavity structure when an insulating treatment is performed on the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine, and a rooted intermediate elastic base is formed at the ferromagnetic boundary after the liquid insulating medium is solidified, thereby effectively preventing the insulating medium from peeling, splitting or falling off.
  • the present application makes a breakthrough in the understanding of the existing structure, and improves the structure of the ferromagnetic boundary of the conventional winding based on that a traditional winding lamination iron core structure is used for the magnetic conductive function in the winding of the electrical machine, to form a new type of boundary structure solidified and bonded with the insulating medium at the ferromagnetic boundary of an insulating structure of the winding of the electrical machine, which prevents water and moisture from entering into the junction between the ferromagnetic boundary and the insulating medium to damage the insulating structure.
  • the insulating medium between the ferromagnetic boundary and the winding of the electrical machine is filled and solidified at the boundary, the insulating medium is rooted in the cavities at the ferromagnetic boundary, the adjacent insulating medium is bonded to form an intermediate elastic base (bonding base), and an elastic sealing structure with a base is formed at the slot wedge and the slot opening of the magnetic conductive member.
  • the insulating medium can be prevented from flowing out in the radial and axial directions of the ferromagnetic boundary during the varnish dripping process and rotary baking process after the varnish impregnation in the vacuum pressure impregnation process, thereby improving a fullness rate of the insulating medium filling and impregnation after the varnish impregnation.
  • the filling amount of the insulating medium can be increased and locked, the ability of the boundary to prevent the intrusion of the moisture and other mediums can be improved, so that oxygen, moisture and water in the air cannot easily enter into an interior of the insulating structure, thereby delaying the aging of the insulation system, reducing the risk of the moisture and water entering into and being retained inside the electrical machine and improving the insulation reliability.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show schematic views of a partial structure of a winding with a magnetic conductive member in a wind turbine generator system in the conventional technology
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial perspective view of the winding and the magnetic conductive member in the conventional technology
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic axial view of a partial structure of a ferromagnetic lamination in the conventional technology
  • FIG. 5 shows an axial sectional view of a winding slot containing a coil winding in the conventional technology
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the structure of one ferromagnetic lamination used for manufacturing a magnetic conductive member of an electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of multiple ferromagnetic laminations used for manufacturing a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a partial structure of a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of a rotary drying process of a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine after varnish impregnation
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of the winding slot at positions of 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock in FIG. 9 ;
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic view of the winding slot at a position of 6 o'clock in FIG. 9 ;
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of a three-dimensional bonding force network formed by an insulating medium within a ferromagnetic boundary in a winding slot
  • FIG. 13 shows a partial view of force analysis at a junction between the ferromagnetic boundary and the insulating medium in a cavity.
  • stator core 11 winding slot, 30 ferromagnetic lamination, 31 tooth slot, 100 ferromagnetic lamination, 110 winding slot, 101 tooth slot, 112 slot body portion, 114 slot opening portion, 118 ferromagnetic boundary, 120 groove, 200 coil winding, 300 slot wedge, 400 cavity, 410, 420 insulating medium, 500 vacuum space, 900 rotating shaft.
  • a liquid insulating medium is not easily retained in a magnetic conductive member of an electrical machine during an insulation process of the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine, and an insulating medium layer is squeezed or stretched to peel from a surface of the magnetic conductive member or split when the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine is deformed due to thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes.
  • the present application improves the structure of a ferromagnetic boundary of the conventional winding from the angle of an interdisciplinary seepage mechanics, to form a new type of boundary structure, i.e., a cavity structure on the ferromagnetic boundary, and a vacuum space can be automatically formed in a cavity, to automatically prevent the liquid insulating medium from flowing out, and thus retaining and fixing the liquid insulating medium. Further, after the liquid insulating medium is solidified and molded, a rooted three-dimensional bonding force network is formed between the ferromagnetic boundary of the insulating structure and the insulating medium, to prevent the insulating medium layer from peeling from the ferromagnetic boundary or splitting.
  • an elastic sealing structure with a base is formed at the slot opening portion, thereby preventing “debonding” at a bonding layer interface.
  • oxygen, moisture and water in the air are prevented from entering into an interior of the insulating structure, thereby delaying the aging of an insulating system, and improving the insulation reliability.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the structure of a ferromagnetic lamination used for manufacturing a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • a ferromagnetic lamination 100 may have multiple teeth and tooth slots 101 between adjacent teeth, these tooth slots 101 form a winding slot 110 (as shown in FIG. 8 ), used for accommodating a coil winding, of a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic axial view of only one of the tooth slots 101 .
  • the tooth slot 101 may include a slot body portion 112 and a slot opening portion 114 in a radial direction. Portions of the coil winding 200 other than an end portion of the winding may be accommodated in the slot body portion 112 , and a slot wedge 300 may be accommodated in the slot opening portion 114 .
  • multiple grooves 120 opening towards an in-slot space are formed on an inner edge of the tooth slot 101 , that is, multiple grooves 120 in communication with the space defined by the tooth slot 101 are formed at a ferromagnetic boundary, where the tooth slot 101 is formed, of the ferromagnetic lamination 100 .
  • the grooves 120 may be formed on the entire inner edge (the ferromagnetic boundary) of the tooth slot 101 , including an inner edge of the slot body portion 112 and an inner edge of the slot opening portion 114 .
  • the grooves 120 may also be formed only on a part of the inner edge of the tooth slot 101 , for example, only on the inner edge of the slot body portion 112 , or only on one of left and right sides of the slot body portion 112 .
  • positions of the grooves 120 formed at the inner edge of the tooth slot 101 are not limited by the above description.
  • the groove 120 may have a structure with a large body and a small opening in a direction facing the inside of the tooth slot 101 , in other words, the groove 120 has a gradually contracted opening in the direction facing the inside of the tooth slot 101 .
  • inner edges at two sides of the groove 120 may gradually and obliquely constrict towards an opening position thereof, so that a size of the groove 120 gradually decreases in the direction facing the inside of the tooth slot 101 .
  • the opening of the groove 120 as a contracted opening, the liquid insulating medium in the groove 120 can be effectively prevented from flowing out.
  • the groove 120 may have a rough or curved inner edge to form a curved flow channel, so as to increase the flow resistance of the liquid insulating medium.
  • a junction between the inner edge of the groove 120 and the inner edge of the tooth slot 101 may be formed into a sharp protrusion structure.
  • the sizes of the grooves 120 may be the same, and the arrangement density of the grooves may be uniform for the same ferromagnetic lamination 100 .
  • the sizes of the grooves 120 at different positions of the tooth slot 101 are different.
  • the size of the groove 120 may gradually increase and the size of the opening of the groove 120 may gradually decrease in a radial direction of an electrical machine stator, to obtain a large reaction force in a vacuum state for preventing loss of the liquid insulating medium, especially near the slot opening.
  • the slot opening portion 114 is used to accommodate the slot wedge 300 , and therefore the maximum width of an accommodating space of the slot opening portion 114 is greater than the width of an accommodating space of the slot body portion 112 .
  • an effective region through which magnetic force lines pass is a region outside a widest portion of the slot opening portion 114 , that is, an effective region between two adjacent tooth slots.
  • a dashed line 140 is drawn from a widest position of the accommodating space of the slot opening portion 114 along an inner boundary parallel to the slot body portion 112 , the portion outside the dashed line 140 is the effective region through which the magnetic force lines pass.
  • the grooves 120 are preferably formed between the dashed line 140 and the inner edge 118 (an outer outline or a boundary line of a flat region or straight region of the ferromagnetic boundary) of the tooth slot 101 . That is, in a width direction of the tooth slot 101 , the groove 120 does not exceed the outermost edge of the accommodating space of the slot opening portion 114 , so as to maintain electromagnetic characteristics of the ferromagnetic boundary of the slot wedge as much as possible, thus avoiding the reduction of the ferromagnetic efficiency of the magnetic conductive member due to the grooves 120 .
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of multiple ferromagnetic laminations used for manufacturing a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a partial structure of a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows only a topmost layer of ferromagnetic lamination, a second layer of ferromagnetic lamination, a third layer of ferromagnetic lamination, and a fourth layer of ferromagnetic lamination that form a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine.
  • the four layers of ferromagnetic laminations include two ferromagnetic laminations A and two ferromagnetic laminations B, the ferromagnetic laminations A and the ferromagnetic laminations B are alternately arranged and are superposed on each other in an axial direction.
  • the first layer of ferromagnetic lamination A and the third layer of ferromagnetic lamination A may employ a ferromagnetic lamination in the conventional technology, in which no groove 120 is formed on an inner edge of a tooth slot.
  • the second layer of ferromagnetic lamination B and the fourth layer of ferromagnetic lamination B employ a ferromagnetic lamination according to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, wherein multiple grooves 120 are formed on an inner edge of a tooth slot of the ferromagnetic lamination B.
  • FIG. 7 shows only four layers of ferromagnetic laminations, it should be understood that more ferromagnetic laminations A and ferromagnetic laminations B may be superposed on each other in the same manner to form a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine.
  • FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a partial structure of a ferromagnetic boundary at two sides of the winding slot 110 of the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine, and an arrow in FIG. 8 indicates a slot depth direction.
  • the slot depth direction is also the radial direction.
  • ferromagnetic laminations A may be employed on odd layers and ferromagnetic laminations B may be employed on even layers.
  • upper and lower sides i.e., both sides in a thickness direction
  • the groove 120 can open only towards an in-slot direction, so as to form a cavity 400 .
  • multiple cavities 400 are formed on the inner boundary (ferromagnetic boundary) of the winding slot 110 .
  • the cavity 400 also has a structure with a large body and a small opening.
  • the inner wall of the winding slot 110 is no longer a relatively flat planar structure, so that more liquid insulating medium flows into the cavities 400 and are adsorbed on the ferromagnetic boundary in the varnish impregnation process, and more insulating medium is retained in gaps among the winding, the magnetic conductive member, and the slot wedges in the varnish dripping process.
  • the ferromagnetic laminations B are arranged on even layers. Moreover, the ferromagnetic laminations B may also be arranged on odd layers, to form cavities 400 in the odd layers of the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine.
  • FIG. 7 shows two types of ferromagnetic laminations A and B and FIG. 8 shows a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine made of the two types of ferromagnetic laminations A and B
  • the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the ferromagnetic laminations may have a wide variety of types, so that cavities in the inner wall of the winding slot 110 of the formed magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine may be distributed in various manners.
  • some grooves 120 may be formed at a left side of the tooth slot 101 of the ferromagnetic lamination A, and other grooves 120 may be formed at a right side of the tooth slot 101 of the ferromagnetic lamination B, so that some cavities 400 are formed in odd layers at one side of the winding slot 110 of the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine, and other cavities 400 are formed on even layers at the other side of the winding slot 110 .
  • grooves 120 may be alternatively formed at different positions of adjacent two layers of ferromagnetic laminations, thereby forming cavities 400 in both odd and even layers of the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine.
  • each of the cavities 400 may be formed on one layer of ferromagnetic lamination or at least two layers of ferromagnetic laminations.
  • the technical effects can be achieved, as long as multiple cavities 400 are formed in the inner wall of the winding slot 110 , regardless of whether each of the cavities is formed on a respective layer of ferromagnetic lamination and whether the multiple cavities 400 are arranged according to the odd layers or even layers, or whether each of the cavities is formed across layers.
  • the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine is formed by superposing multiple ferromagnetic laminations according to the example of the present application, it should be easily understood by those skilled in the art that, in a case where the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine is integrally cast rather than being formed by superposing multiple ferromagnetic laminations, the cavities 400 may also be formed directly in the inner wall of the winding slot.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of a rotary baking process of the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the magnetic conductive member is a stator of the electrical machine having an inner stator and an outer rotor. Therefore, the winding slot 110 is provided at an outer periphery of the stator.
  • an insulation treatment is performed on the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine.
  • the vacuum pressure impregnation process may be employed to perform varnish dripping and drying of the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine after the varnish impregnation treatment.
  • the stator winding structure is axially and horizontally placed in a hot-air circulating drying room, the rotary baking process is performed to gradually solidify the liquid insulating medium.
  • a reference numeral 900 denotes a rotating shaft.
  • the slot opening of the winding slot 110 faces radially outward.
  • the slot opening of the winding slot 110 faces upward, and the liquid insulating medium does not easily flow out radially from the slot opening, but easily flows out axially from two ends of the winding slot 110 .
  • the liquid insulating medium easily flows out radially and axially under a force (for example, gravity, centrifugal force and the like).
  • the liquid insulating medium cannot be effectively prevented from flowing out.
  • the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine since a large number of cavities 400 are provided on the ferromagnetic boundary of the winding slot 110 , the insulating medium can be effectively prevented from flowing out. The mechanism by which the cavity prevents the liquid insulating medium from flowing out is described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12 .
  • FIG. 10 shows the winding slot 110 at a 3 o'clock (or 9 o'clock) position.
  • the winding slot 110 is in a horizontal direction, where an arrow in FIG. 10 indicates a gravity direction of the insulating medium. Since openings of cavities 400 on a lower side of the winding slot 110 face upward, the liquid insulating medium 410 in these cavities does not easily flow out. Further, since openings of cavities on an upper side of the winding slot 110 face downward, the insulating medium 410 entering into the cavities 400 tends to flow out from the cavities 400 due to the gravity. However, when the liquid insulating medium 410 in the cavities 400 sinks by force and tends to flow out, a vacuum space 500 is automatically formed on a top of each of the cavities 400 .
  • a pressure difference is formed between the vacuum space 500 and the outside atmospheric pressure, which can prevent the liquid insulating medium from sinking, thereby preventing the loss of the liquid insulating medium 410 in the cavity 400 .
  • a vacuum space 500 is formed in the cavity when a part of the liquid in the cavity flows out, to effectively prevent the liquid insulating medium 410 from further flowing out.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic view of the winding slot at the 6 o'clock position, where a downward arrow in FIG. 11 indicates the gravity direction of the liquid insulating medium. Similar to the action mechanism of the cavity described with reference to FIG. 10 , a vacuum space 500 is formed in the cavity at the same time the liquid insulating medium 410 in the cavity flows out, to prevent the liquid insulating medium 410 from further flowing out.
  • the cavity 400 preferably have a structure with a large body and a small opening, and the opening of the cavity 400 is formed as a contracted opening, so that the liquid insulating medium flowing into the cavity 400 does not easily flow out.
  • a curved flow channel is formed at the opening of the cavity 400 .
  • the flow resistance coefficient can be increased to slow down the liquid flow, thus preventing the loss of the liquid insulating medium 410 in a case that the liquid insulating medium 410 has not been solidified.
  • a curved flow channel may be formed by forming a sharp protrusion structure at the opening of the cavity, to increase the flow resistance coefficient. Therefore, a large amount of liquid insulating medium is effectively retained by a large number of cavities, regardless of whether the cavities are in the inner side wall of the slot body portion or in the inner side wall of the slot opening portion.
  • the gaps among the ferromagnetic lamination 100 , the winding 200 , and the slot wedge 300 are filled up with the liquid insulating medium due to the adsorption of the cavities 400 , where the filled insulating medium is shown in grey in FIG. 12 .
  • the insulating medium in the cavity is bonded with the adjacent insulating medium to form a solid coating body that is coated on the ferromagnetic boundary to form an elastic support structure, and an elastic sealing structure with a base is formed at the slot opening portion.
  • the insulating medium in the cavity like a sucker or a gripper, is tightly connected to the insulating medium of the integrated structure and is attached to the inner wall of the ferromagnetic boundary. In this way, a multi-layer protection system is created at junctions among the three parts including the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine, the coil winding and the slot wedge, meanwhile, the electromagnetic characteristics of the ferromagnetic boundary of the slot wedge can be maintained.
  • the insulating medium in the cavities and the insulating medium at the ferromagnetic boundary are integrally connected to each other, a bonding force is formed between the insulating medium in the cavity and the insulating medium at the ferromagnetic boundary, as shown by a reference numeral 610 in FIG. 12 .
  • the insulating medium at the ferromagnetic boundary contracts and tends to peel.
  • the peeling force applied to the insulating medium in the cavity is indicated by a rightward arrow 601 at the opening of the cavity at a left side of the winding slot 110 .
  • the insulating medium in the cavity is stretched outwardly and deformed, a resistance (which is indicated by a reference numeral 620 ) to the peeling is also generated at the boundary of the cavity. Therefore, the insulating medium in the cavity, like a rooted sucker, is tightly adsorbed on the inner wall of the winding slot to prevent the insulating medium from peeling off from the ferromagnetic boundary.
  • the insulating medium at the ferromagnetic boundary is squeezed, and thus the insulating medium in the cavity is squeezed.
  • a squeezing force applied to the insulating medium is indicated by a rightward arrow 602 on the right side of the winding slot.
  • a buffer space is provided due to the cavities, and the thickness of the entire insulating medium is increased, so that the insulating medium has a buffer space when being squeezed, thus avoiding the risk of the insulating medium splitting due to a limited stretch space.
  • FIG. 12 a schematic view of the force applied to the insulating medium in and around a cavity is shown at an upper right corner in FIG. 12 , where arrows a 1 , a 2 , a 3 and a 4 indicate bonding forces in multiple directions formed by the mutual bonding between the insulating medium at the ferromagnetic boundary and the insulating medium in the cavity, and arrows b 1 , b 2 , b 3 and b 4 indicate resistances to the peeling generated in the cavity.
  • FIG. 13 is an enlarged partial view of a bonding structure between the insulating medium 410 in a cavity and the insulating medium 420 at the ferromagnetic boundary.
  • the insulating medium 410 has a stretching buffer space due to the cavity 400 , which is different from the conventional technology in which no cavity is formed in an inner wall of a rigid winding slot of a magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine, and resistances against the insulating medium 420 pulling outward the insulating medium 410 may be generated due to the tension deformation of the insulating medium 410 and the contracted opening of the cavity, as shown by arrows b 1 , b 2 , b 3 and b 4 in FIG. 13 .
  • the cavity 400 may provide a squeezable space. Therefore, with the cavity structure, the insulating medium in the cavity 400 can be rooted and bonded with the adjacent insulating medium to form an intermediate elastic base (bonded base), thereby supporting the tension or contraction deformation of the entire insulating layer.
  • the cavity structure can easily absorb the liquid insulating medium, so that the liquid insulating medium fills up the entire gap.
  • a pressure difference preventing the liquid insulating medium from flowing can be automatically generated to effectively retain and fix the insulating medium, which has the dual function of preventing the radial loss and axial loss of the insulating medium, thereby solving the problem that the liquid insulating medium in the conventional magnetic conductive member flows out in the radial and axial directions of the slot wedge during the varnish dripping process, improving the fullness rate after the varnish impregnation process and the varnish dripping process, reducing the risk of erosion of the electrical machine by moisture, and improving the insulation reliability.
  • the insulating medium is rooted in a cavity space, and the flow resistance is generated due to a rough surface of the inner boundary of the cavity, thereby enhancing the mechanical bonding force between the impregnated insulating medium and the ferromagnetic boundary, and facilitating the wetting of a ferromagnetic boundary surface by the insulating medium.
  • the insulating medium in the cavity may be bonded with the adjacent solid insulating medium to form a solid coating body, thereby obtaining a better overall insulation performance, preventing the water and steam form being retained, and preventing a breathing phenomenon (which has a destructive effect).
  • the stress may be released by relaxation in a case where the insulating medium in the slot and the insulating medium at the boundary of the ferromagnetic lamination have better viscoelasticity. If the peristaltic motion of the insulating medium is not sufficient to completely eliminate the internal stress, there will be a permanent residual internal stress. The internal stress competes with an adhesive force of the insulating medium and the strength of the insulating medium each other. If the internal stress is too large, the insulating medium may be damaged or fall off from the ferromagnetic boundary.
  • the formation of the vacuum space in the cavity provides a material basis for stress releasing and thermal deformation, therefore, with the viscoelasticity and the base function of the cavity.
  • the stresses at the “bonding interface” can be recombined to maintain the bonding, so as to support tension or contraction deformation.
  • a cavity structure is provided, with the cavity, the liquid insulating medium is rooted after being solidified in the cavity, and forms an integrated structure together with the insulating medium coating the winding, which not only prevents the insulating medium from peeling off from the boundary of the magnetic conductive member, but also forms a continuous thermally conductive medium between the magnetic conductive member and the winding, so that the heat flow/heat conduction will not be interrupted, the heat generated by the winding can be transferred to the magnetic conductive member such as the silicon steel sheet, and the heat can be taken away by the magnetic conductive member, so as to control and suppress a temperature rise of winding, and absorb the heat generated by the winding.
  • the impurities can also be prevented from entering a coupling space (fitting space) between the magnetic conductive member and the electrically conductive member, and electrical insulation and electrical energy isolation are formed between the electrically conductive member and the magnetic conductive member, which prevents the electrically conductive member from transferring electrical energy to the magnetic conductive member.
  • the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine according to the present application is not limited to a stator core, and may also be a rotor that requires an insulation treatment. Further, the cavity structure according to the embodiment of the present application may be applied to other members that require a varnish impregnation treatment.
  • an electrical machine having the magnetic conductive member of the electrical machine described above is further provided.
  • a winding structure of the electrical machine after an insulation treatment and an electrical machine having the winding structure of the electrical machine are further provided.
  • the electrical machine described above may be a wind-driven generator. Therefore, according to an aspect of the present application, a wind turbine generator system and a wind power plant having at least one wind turbine generator system are further provided.
  • the cavity structure may be applied not only to a stator and a rotor of an electrical machine, but also to other various electric energy and magnetic energy conversion devices that require an insulation treatment, a filling treatment, or a perfusion treatment, such as transformers and electric reactors.
  • the electrical energy and magnetic energy conversion device typically includes an electrically conductive member (such as a coil) and a magnetic conductive member, and an insulator is required to be filled between the electrically conductive member and the magnetic conductive member. Therefore, multiple cavities may be formed on a boundary, corresponding to the electrically conductive member, of the magnetic conductive member, so that an insulating medium is filled in the multiple cavities and a gap between the magnetic conductive member and the electrically conductive member.
  • an integrated insulating structure is formed, which can form a continuous thermally conductive medium between the electrically conductive member and the magnetic conductive member, prevent impurities from entering the coupling space (fitting space) between the magnetic conductive member and the electrically conductive member, and prevent the electrically conductive member from transferring electrical energy to the magnetic conductive member.
  • the cavity structure may also be applied in a blade, for example, in a blade of a wind turbine generator system.
  • a skeleton of the blade of the wind-driven generator is usually firstly manufactured, and the skeleton of the blade is placed in a blade manufacturing mold, then a resin is perfused, and then the blade is formed after the resin is solidified and molded.
  • a cavity structure may be formed in a surface of the blade skeleton according to the idea of the present application.
  • the liquid resin is filled in the cavity in the blade skeleton and the space between the blade molds.
  • the liquid filling medium accommodated in the cavity is solidified and molded to form a solid filling body, and the liquid filling medium tightly coated on the outer surface of the blade skeleton is solidified and molded to form a solid coating body.
  • the solid filling bodies in multiple cavities and the solid coating body form an integrated structure and are not easily separated from each other.
  • multiple cavities may be formed in an outer periphery of the root portion at which the bolt are pre-embedded, so that the embedded bolts and the filling resin form an integrated bonding structure. Therefore, with the blade according to the present application, when torques are applied in different directions, even when the stretching or twisting degree of the filling medium is different from that of the blade skeleton, or when the degree of thermal expansion and contraction of the filling medium is different from that of the blade skeleton due to temperature changes, the filling medium does not easily peel off from the skeleton due to an elastic base in the cavity, thereby preventing the blade structure from being damaged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
US16/090,662 2017-08-16 2018-02-24 Winding structure of electrical machine, magnetic conductive member of electrical machine, ferromagnetic lamination and electrical machine Active 2040-02-01 US11277043B2 (en)

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PCT/CN2018/077124 WO2019033739A1 (zh) 2017-08-16 2018-02-24 电机绕组结构、电机导磁部件、铁磁叠片及电机

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DE102017101094A1 (de) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-26 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Abdichtung mehrerer Nuten eines Stators einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine
CN107482800B (zh) * 2017-08-16 2019-02-01 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 电机导磁部件、电机绕组结构、电机以及风力发电机组
CN108110974B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2019-10-08 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 电枢的液体绝缘旋转烘焙固化的视觉系统、监测控制方法
CN108092474B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2020-01-31 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 电枢液体绝缘旋转烘焙固化用的蓄压装置
CN108023447B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2019-09-13 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 电枢的液体绝缘旋转烘焙固化装置和方法
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US20210218292A1 (en) 2021-07-15
EP3471238A1 (en) 2019-04-17
WO2019033739A1 (zh) 2019-02-21
EP3471238A4 (en) 2019-08-21
CN107482800A (zh) 2017-12-15
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WO2019033739A9 (zh) 2019-10-03
EP3471238B1 (en) 2022-05-18

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