UA88878C2 - Universal additive for lubricating oils and fuel materials, fuel for internal combustion engine /variants/, for diesel engine, and furnace fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

An universal additive for lubricating oils and fuel materials, and for the fuel for internal-combustion engines and diesel engines and furnace fuel for ovens of thermoelectric power stations and smelting furnaces, which contain universal additive. The additive contains: aliphatic С-Сmonatomic saturated alcohol of 0.1-82 wt. %, water-and/or alcohol-soluble ammonium salt of saturated monobasic carboxylic С-Сacid and/or carbonic acid 0.1-16 wt. %, and/or carbamide 0.1-44 wt. %, and water. The fuels contain correspondent mixtures of liquid carbohydrates and the mentioned universal additive, dissolved in the mixture of liquid carbohydrates, in the amount depending on the type of fuel from 0.000005 to 0.005 wt. %, respectively. The use of universal additive allows to reduce the carbon formation during exploitation of engines and toxicity of exit gases, runout of metal ties of fuel systems of engines at the expense of arrangement of conditions for increasing of molar refraction by means of formation of double ionic layer in friction couples.

Description

8. Fuel fuel for heat-electric furnaces is fuel oil, and as an additive - a universal additive for fueling stations and metal-smelting furnaces, which is added to fuel materials according to item 1 or 2, if it contains a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and an additive distributed in the ratio of ingredients, mass 9o: made in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, which is distinguished by the universal additive 0.00001-0.005 in that, as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, it contains fuel oil up to 100.

The proposed invention relates to the field of fuel quality for thermo-petrochemical furnaces, in particular to additives for lubrication and power generating stations and metal-smelting fuel materials, as well as fuel for furnace engines, therefore, as the closest to internal combustion propane, diesel fuel and so- the new fuel was chosen, which includes a mixture of liquid fuel for warm hydrocarbon furnaces, containing a small amount of power generating stations and metal-smelting additives dissolved in the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon furnaces, which includes a universal accessory (Russian Patent No. 2246528 for the invention IPC, Kindergarten 7. C101 1/22, Date of publication: 2005.02.201.

The closest to the proposed universal The author of the invention under the RF patent Mo 2246528 grease additive in technical essence is a universal additive to lubricants and fuel materials of high polarization, characterized by values containing aliphatic C1i- WITH. monoatomic molar refraction values not less than 5-10 limit alcohol and water ensure the rapid accumulation of surpluses: 1995.05.10). In addition to the mentioned ingredients, the positive ions in the combustion chamber due to their di- additive contains urea and acetic acid. fusion from the inner surface of the cylinder to it

The disadvantage of the described additive is that during the volume leading to the formation of electrostatic its use, some metal structures of the fuel pressure mutually repulsive charges of the same name system, in particular carburetor engines, in the direction of the working surface of the piston. The occurrence of cracking combustion, exposed to increased corrosion of such electrostatic pressure due to over- and wear, which reduces the engine resource. creation of part of the thermal energy of molecules of matter

The closest to the proposed fuel that turns combustion products into potential energy for an internal combustion engine is the fuel that ions in the electrostatic field of the volume charge. includes a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and a small amount When the working volume is increased due to the movement of the additive dissolved in the mixture of liquid carbon, the potential energy of the piston is completely transferred (Patent RF Mo 2057787 for the invention, IPC 6 enters into useful work. Thus way, sum-

C101/1/18, C1011/22, C1011/28; Date of publication: on the fate of heat, which turns into work at 1996.04.10|. The mentioned fuel contains gasoline and bi-kerosene-diesel fractions, as well as nitrates of organic alcohols, copolymer of higher carboxylic ethers, which occurs in the absence of ion diffusion. Do-acids with vinyl monomers, metallopolymer, adding organic substances to fuel from the above-mentioned organic acids and polymethylsiloxane. we provide properties in the form of supplements

The described fuel makes it possible to increase combustion and increase the value of the thermal coefficient of hydrocarbon fuel due to its additional effect on the engine and reduce the toxicity of washing with additives containing metals, but the presence of toxic gases due to a decrease in the working temperature of metals increases wear and corrosion metal peratures in the cylinder. In addition, the absence of parts that reduces the life of the engine. combustion products of solid particles and halogens in

The closest to the proposed fuel combination with a reduced combustion temperature for a diesel engine is a fuel that includes a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons that helps reduce engine wear and prolong life and a small amount of catalytic filters. additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons Additive for fuel materials, indicated

Russian Patent No. 2057787 for the invention, IPC 6 in the mentioned patent No. 2246528 of the Russian Federation, there is a compound that

C101/1/18, C1011/22, C1011/28; Publication date: has the following structural formula: 1996.04.10). The mentioned fuel contains gasoline and k-snH-sn-sSeOo kerosene-gasoil fractions, as well as nitrates of organic alcohols, a copolymer of higher esters of carboxylic acids with vinyl monomers, a metallopolymer of organic acids, and polymethylsiloxane. H

The described fuel makes it possible to increase the combustion of 8bo hydrocarbon fuel by supplementing it with metal-containing additives, but the presence of metals in KE-M-Sku fuel increases the wear and corrosion of metal parts of the engine fuel system, which reduces the EE of its resource. In H

The author of the proposed invention has not discovered fuel compositions that are used exclusively in de Ki - substituted or unsubstituted aryl, molar refraction through the formation of a double alkyl or alkenyl radical; ion layer in friction pairs, but would leave them

Ag - hydrogen, aryl or alkyl radical; use is economically beneficial.

X is a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, alkyl 2034905, universal fuel additive, or alkenyl radical. terials, contains aliphatic C1i-C4- monoatomic

The preferred composition of the fuel is alcohol and water, and according to the invention, it is an additive to fuel materials of 0.01% and additionally contains a water- and/or alcohol-soluble salt up to 2% by weight. 95. ammonium of the limiting monobasic carbonyl C2-C5

Examples of such compounds can be dibenic acid and/or carbonic acid and/or urea in the case of zalacetone (the value of the molar refraction is equal to the ratio of ingredients, wt.9o: nuye 7.29.105m3Z/mol), M-phenylamide of salicylic aliphatic C1-C4 monatomic fatty acids (the value of the molar refraction is equal to that of alcohol 0.1-82 68.04.105m3/mol), M,M'-dimethyl-MM'- ammonium salts of the limit monobasic diphenylurea (the value of the molar refraction of carboxylic acid C2-Cv and/or coal - is equal to 7.22.10 zm3/mol), M,M'-diphenyl-M,M'-noic acid (aqueous and/or alcoholic diethylurea (value of molar refraction no) 0.1-16 is equal to 8.157.105m3/mol) or M,M'-diisopropyl- and/or urea 0.1-44

M,M'-diphenylurea (value of molar ratio | to 100 fraction is equal to 9.08.105m3/mol). The first version of the proposed fuel can be used and other compounds that meet the requirements of the internal combustion engine containing the mixture given above. liquid hydrocarbons and an additive dissolved in the mixture

In the fuel compositions described in the analogs, the effect of liquid hydrocarbons, and, according to the invention, in increasing the thermal coefficient of the useful effect of the quality of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbons used in the engine is achieved only by increasing zines, and as an additive. a universal combustion additive and is not related to ionic processes in fuel materials, the composition of which is given in cylinders, because for a significant effect on these simple, with this ratio of ingredients, mass. 9o: ces, compounds in the composition of the fuel must have property of the universal additive 0.0000050...0.0008 ability to form a stable ionic atmosphere around gas particles. An indicator of this property is the Second variant of the proposed fuel for the polarization of compound molecules in an external internal combustion electric engine, which contains a mixture of the triple field of the central ion of the compound. The measure of liquid hydrocarbons and the additive dissolved in the polarization mixture is the molar refraction - a function of the index of liquid hydrocarbons, and, according to the invention, the refractive index of the substance, its molecular quality of the mixture of liquid hydrocarbons is used mass and density, which does not depend on the aggregate , and as an additive, a universal additive to the condition and temperature. Molar refraction, W, of fuel materials, the composition of which is given above, m3/mol, is determined by the formula: with this ratio of ingredients, wt.9o:

W-(p2-1(p2h1)-M/r, universal additive 0.00001...0.005 where n is the index of refraction of the substance; fuel oil, up to 100

M - molecular mass, kg/mol; The first option of the proposed fuel for p - density, kg/m3. diesel engine containing a mixture of liquid carbon

Molar refractions of known additives have low values, which do not exceed hydrocarbons and, according to the invention, in the amount of 3.10 mZ/mol, so such additives are practically not a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons. . fuel, and as an additive - a universal additive - affect the ionic processes during fuel combustion and not about, and contribute to increasing the thermal coefficient of the cork to fuel materials, the composition of which! is given above, with this ratio of ingredients, the engine performance. | wt. 95:

And the disadvantage of the described fuel is that during the universal additive 0.00001...0.0025 its use as fuel fuel for diesel fuel for up to 100 furnaces of heat-electric generating stations and meta- The second version of the proposed fuel for diesel furnaces requires such a number of receipts. . garden, that the use of such fuel from an add-on engine containing a mixture of liquid carbon becomes unprofitable. hydrogens and an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and, according to the invention, as

The basis of the proposed invention is put by us. and mixture of liquid hydrocarbons used rapeseed, the task of creating such fuel compositions and universal oil and diesel fuel, and/or methyl ether tallow additive for fuels and lubricants rapeseed oil, and as an additive - universal materials, which during their use as for engine - an additive to fuel materials, the composition of which (transmission) oils, oils, gasoline, and given above, with this ratio of ingredients - for kerosene, diesel fuel, heating fuel and ents, wt. 95: fuel oil, would be allowed, in addition to reducing the formation of: I will burn In the process of oiling engines. and the universal additive 0.00001...0.0025 to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases, reduce the wear of diesel fuel and/or me: tyyl ether of rapeseed oil and metal elements of fuel systems of engines at the rate of 10..:90 due to the creation of conditions for even more than that of rapeseed oil up to 100 invention under the patent of the Russian Federation Me 2246528, increase

The third variant of the proposed fuel for di-peroxide is the root cause of detonation. This increases the fuel combustion rate of the fuel engine, which contains a mixture of liquid carbons, because at the same time, hydrogens and an additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid carbons more intensively replace hydrogen, covering low-hydrogens, and, according to the invention, as the majority of hydrocarbons. At the same time, the amount of heat released from the methylated mixture of liquid hydrocarbons is increased, i.e., rapeseed oil ether is increased, and K.K.D. is used as an additive. engine, soot is reduced on the robosal additive to fuel materials, the composition of the surface of the piston-cylinder group and the toxicity of which is given above, with this ratio of exhaust gases not only during long-term operation of the diesel engine, but also at the stage of its pro - universal additive 0.00001...0.0025 heating. rapeseed methyl ether In the first version of the proposed fuel for oil up to 100 internal combustion engines as a mixture of liquid

Fuel for warm hydrocarbon furnaces is used, as the most common source of electricity generation stations and metal smelters, gasoline. The optimal number of units containing a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons and a universal additive for gasoline, as shown by the additive dissolved in a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, and experiments, is that amount. within the limits according to the invention, as a mixture of liquid coal - 0.0000050...0.0008 mass. 95. So, with the number of universal hydrogens, fuel oil was used, and as an additive, fat additive was less than 0.000005 Omas. 9o effe is a universal additive to fuel materials, which from its use with gasoline, practically, not the composition of which is given above, with this correlation is felt. Using it in the amount/larger amount of ingredients, wt. 90: for 0.0008 wt. 95 is economically not expedient, since the universal additive 0.00001...0.005 does not contribute to increasing the intensity of fuel oil combustion up to 100 liv.

The author experimentally found the optimal ingredients and their ratio in the second version of the proposed fuel for the internal combustion engine as a mixture of native compositions of a universal additive to fuel hydrocarbons, fuel oil was used. Optimal materials and fuel. Thus, the presence of ammonium salts in the amount of a universal additive for fuel oil, the limiting monobasic C2o-C5 carboxylic acid, as experiments have shown, is its amount within and/or carbonic acid (aqueous and/or alcoholic solution - 0.00001...0.005wt. 95 So with the amount of universal) in the composition of the universal fuel additive less than 0.00001 mass. 95 effect of the materials ensures the formation of practically non-perceptible two-layer ionic coating necessary for its use with fuel oil. It turns out to be optimal. Using it in an amount greater than the amount of the mentioned substance was 0.1-1 bmas.9o. 0.005 wt.9o is not economically feasible because no

When the amount of ammonium salts is less than 0.1 wt.o, it helps to increase the intensity of fuel oil combustion. the effect of the use of a universal additive in the first version of the proposed fuel for fuel materials was practically not detected. diesel engine as a mixture of liquid carbon

The increase of the mentioned substance is more than the days of used diesel fuel. The optimal 16 mass is not economically justified, since the amount of universal additive for diesel practically does not contribute to increasing the intensity of fuel, as experiments have shown, it is its amount in fuel combustion. The mentioned substance is in the range of 0.00001...0.0025 mass. 95. So, with the amount of the composition, it plays the role of an ionizer. The same universal additive of less than 0.00001 mass. 90 ureas also play a role in the proposed composition. the effect of its use with diesel fuel,

They can replace in the composition of universal pri- practically, it is not felt. The use of the same ammonium salt in tanks for fuel materials has a limit of more than 0.0025 mass. 95 is not economically viable monobasic C2-C5 carboxylic acid and/or is expedient because it does not contribute to increasing the intensity of carbonic acid (water- and/or alcohol-soluble) fuel combustion. or be used alone or together in the second version of the proposed fuel for with the mentioned ammonium salts. Optimum, determined experimentally as a mixture of liquid carburized diesel engine, the amount of urea compo- days used rapeseed oil and/or diesel gives 0.1 - 44wt.95. With the amount of urea, there is less fuel and/or rapeseed oil methyl ether.

0.1Tws.9o and the absence of ammonium salts of the optimal amount of the universal additive basic C2o-C5 carboxylic acid and/or coal for rapeseed oil, as experiments have shown, is the effect of acid (water- and/or alcohol-soluble) its amount in within 0.00001...0.0025 mass. 95. So, when using a universal fuel additive, the quantity of the universal additive is less than that of other materials, practically, it is not felt. Zbi - 0.00001 mass. 95, the effect of its use from the rapsolization of urea more than 44wt.9o5 with economical oil is practically not felt. It is not useful, as it leads to its destruction in an amount greater than 0.0025 mass. 95 echo of acquired ionic structures. nomically not advisable, as it does not contribute

Spatial structure of the molecule of the marginal increase in the intensity of fuel combustion. hydrocarbon - traditional fuel for engines In the third version of the proposed fuel for internal combustion - when adding to it an ali- diesel engine as a mixture of liquid carbon-phatic C1-C4- alcohol and acetic acid, rapeseed methyl ether is used in the above ratio of components sprila Experiments have shown that the optimal amount of universal plant in the pre-flame period for the destruction of side chains for methyl ether of rapeseed oil, as branching of the chain, without creating at the same time, is its amount within

0.00001...0.0025 mass. 95. Thus, with the amount of universal The content of mechanical impurities was determined according to GOST additive less than 0.00001 mass. 95 effect 6370-83. Mechanical admixtures from its use with rapeseed methyl ether in all the proposed compositions of fuel materials are practically not felt. The use of stump devices was not detected. and it is in an amount greater than 0.0025 mass. 95 economically As can be seen from the table, the use of universal is expedient, since the intensive additive to fuel materials does not contribute to the increase of the propriety of fuel combustion. new composition (examples 1-5) allows to reduce

In the proposed heating fuel for furnaces, the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere (CO and heat-electric generating stations and metallurgical CH) is 5-20 times compared to gasoline without propane furnaces as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, a new universal fuel additive is used oil fuel. With the optimal number of unitierials (example 15) and 5-10 times compared to the universal additive for fuel oil, as shown by the ex-prototype additive (example 14). At the same time, its quantity within the limits of the engine power increases by 18-4095 (pro- 0.00001...0.005wt. 9o. So, with the quantity of the universal type by 4-595), and fuel consumption decreases due to the smaller additive for 0.00001 mass. 95 effect 15-27905 (prototype - on 4-595). The smokiness of diesel engines from its use with fuel oil is practically imperceptible - the additive is reduced by 6-19 times. Using it in an amount greater than (prototype - 1.5 - 2 times). To a large extent, 0.0O5ms succeeds. 95 is not economically expedient, since not preventing the formation of soot on the surface of the piston contributes to the increase in the intensity of combustion of the fuel-cylinder group of the engine. The total score of the condition is of the surface of the combustion chamber decreases from 6.5 to

The proposed universal additive uses 1.3-1.4 points for gasoline (prototype - 6 points). It is also recommended as an additive to lubricants. The best achieved indicators for various types of motor vehicles, in particular, for motor lubricants and oils are easily shown in Tables 3 and 4. can have a large and oils and oils, gearbox and cylinder ma- economic effect, as it allows to reduce sel. The optimal amount and universal additive amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, decrease in lubricant, is its amount within the limits of fuel and oil consumption, increase power by 0.00001...0.15 mass. 95, since it is precisely at such a wheel- of the engine, to extend the inter-repair run of the engine. a double ionic layer is formed on the bone of the additive. The proposed furnace fuel for thermal furnaces contributes to the reduction of friction and the rate of wear of lo-electric generating stations and metal smelters. friction pairs. Thus, with the universal quantity of the additive furnaces, they were tested on a short drum of less than 0.00001 mass. 905 effect from its use in the furnace, fuming furnace, PTK-4 boilers, CHP, and oil-fired boilers is practically not felt. Marten furnaces. The test results are given in

Using it in an amount greater than 0.15 mass. 90 of table 5. leads to the destruction of the two-layer ionic Comparative tests of traditional and pro- formation, which leads to the disappearance of the required new fuel compositions showed significant econo- effect from use. strong effect, as it allows to reduce the number of

Examples. A universal additive to the lubricity of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, to reduce them and fuel materials was prepared by simply mixing fuel and oils, to increase power by adding the listed ingredients to the engine, to extend the engine service life. above the mass ratio and mixed to The proposed furnace fuel for heat-complete dissolution of ammonium and/or urea salts. lo-electric generating stations and metal smelters

In order to experimentally check the efficiency of these furnaces, they were tested on a short drum of the proposed universal additive for fuel furnaces, fuming furnaces, PTK-4 boilers, thermal power plants, and 13 compositions were prepared on the materials, 9 of which were Marten furnaces. The test results are shown in showed optimal results, shown in table 5. faces 1. Comparative tests of traditional and pro-

Tests carried out on cars with mapped fuel stocks showed significant ex-rock ZIL-130, 138, GAZ-24, VAZ-21011, 2103, operational advantages of the latter, which are

FEMALE TOMATO 2.4, SKE5IVA TOMATO 1.6; av- reduction of harmful emissions and increase of LAZ3-699R and Ikarus-280 co-buses according to the standard efficiency coefficient of the engine (table 1), as well as methods: reduction of engine wear by 1.5 2.0 times, no

The content of CO and CH - was determined according to GOST 21393-75, the degree of harmful effects on spark plugs and the condition of the surface of the combustion chamber - according to GOST 20991-75, the life of catalytic filters was determined by 2095...4095. (for gasoline engines) and according to GOST 20303-74 - Experimental efficiency check for diesel engines. The results are shown in the proposed universal additive test - Table 2. As an example, the table shows the results of 14 samples of lubricants of the following brands: test of the universal additive to the "ANGROL" (TU 0253-270-05742746-94 /3/) , "VELO of pouring materials on the engine of the GAZ 24 TRANS car" (TU 0253-071-00140636-95 /7/), "NORSI" (petrol AIY-93), smoke was tested for di- (TU 38.601-07-19-93 /4/), "SAMOIL 4405" (TU fuel on the engine of the Ikarus-280 bus, 38.301-13-012-97 /6/), EB5BO ATE 0, EB5BO car KamAZ -5220, 5SAMIA 3664, MO! MO TOVOSHE RI SHIUO 30, E550O SEANV OYI 15 8B5MU-90,

EN-12, REMASHIT 5489, TOMOTA NIASE 95 hp, EBBO TOVOSHE RIG SHO 50, E55O TOVOSHE RI SHOYU

TOMATO OMMA 21. 95 hp. 62, Mobiishre ZNO 75-90 and 5, Mobiishre NO 80-90,

Morishre NO 5ОМУ-90, MobBishre сх 80М/-А,

Mobriinre ATE 5NS The test results are shown in Table 6.

Table 1

Quantitative composition of samples of the proposed universal fuel additive ee tovetevnya nelet 1 f|Methylovyspiot//// 1521 | | | HER | | 1 1 50 2 C|Ethyl alcohol////// | 160 | | 0l1|75|64| |84| | (at

З (|Propyl split///:: | | |68| | | / | | | |/ | 7 4 MIsopropyl alcohol///-: | | | 1741 | | | |581 f|Butyl alcohol///:/ | | | | 821 | | | | (|22 6 Isobutyl lead alcohol///-:/ | | | | / 69591 7 | Silammonium acetic acid | /12| | / 0115| | | (41 058) 8 | Silammonium propyl acid | | /Ш|99 | | | / | | | 6th 9 C| Silammoniumbutyric acid | /| | | 6 | | | | | | |! 70 | Silammonium isobutyric acid | 1011 | | / / oil 11 | Silammonium valeric acid | | | / / | | 14

Ammonium salt of isovaleric acid. 12 lots 10 13 |Silamonium carbonate 189| | | / /5914| | | | 18 / 74 |Carbamd.////777777777777 171 101 17771717 1717171 1530 | 4

Table 2

Research results (k) pension Te 15151515 1212 Te GeTeTeTeTetya . 0.1/101/10.1/10.1/10.1/10.1/10.1/10.1/10.1/10.3/10.4/10.3/10.2/ 114/12.0/

Ge) z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z

SHO 20120115 151|181|1t191/201 20 117 135140 | 30 | 25 1100 | 650

Power, hp |125| 125 | 128 | 126 | 127 | 124 | 128 | 125 | 124 | 108 | 105|103 120 94 | 90 (Fuel consumption, l. 1/84|8.3/84|821841|82|8.3183184)|9519.7| 9.5 8.9 110.8 11.2)

Smoke, 96 55) alla aa lav az lag la az ag |v ve lvy |v o shk 4614,7|49146146|48145147|491681|7,017,31| 6.6 30.0| 56.0

The condition of the surface of the camera pe ee era ra para re rere pa | Ge (i - the numbers of examples in Table 2 correspond to the numbers of examples in Table 1. Column Mo 14 shows the results of research on fuel with a prototype additive. Column Mo 15 - gasoline without additive. (--) - the 1st indicator determined at minimum revolutions idling speed, 2nd - at maximum idling speed.

Note: the additive was added to gasoline in the amount of 0.00065 wt. 95; to diesel fuel - 0.00165 wt. 95.

Table C

Comparative figures of fuel consumption for different engines of cars and buses

I Expenses for 100 km of journey, l. | Expenses for 100 km of journey, l. with pro-

Car type Fuel without additive with renewed additive

GAZ-24 AI-93

VAZ-2103 Av Ї7711111717171786811Ї1111111111111177

ZIL-138

ZIL-138

LAZ-699R

KamA3-5320

Ikarus-280

ZSAMIA 3664

MOGMOen-12 40.58

VEMASHIT 5489 51.16 45.45

TOHOTA SAMVH 2.4

TOHOTA SNEVIBA 1.6

TOXHOTA NIASE 95 hp.

Table 4

Compared indicators of engine power and harmful emissions during its operation

Type of car - Make of fuel - Power, | SO, 95 without| SN, 95 Activity, Power,| SO,953 | CH, 95 with | Smoke, HP Without pre-| additives | without extra hp with additive-And additive|additive)| 95 with the addition of the additive of the garden (9 garden (k) and the daughter (9 (9 daughter (k)

TOMATO

TOMATO

SAEBISA | Modaz 92 1.65 126 1.39 97 1.6

TOMATO

NIASE Diesel fuel 0.01 12 0.01 95 hp.

TOMATO

OMMA 21. Diesel fuel 0.01 14 0.01 11 95 hp. (i) - the 1st indicator is obtained at minimum idling speed; 2nd - at maximum.

Note: the proposed additive was introduced to gasoline in the amount of 0.00065 wt. 95; to diesel fuel - 0.00165 wt. 95.

Table 5

Comparative indicators of fuel oil specific consumption on different types of boiler furnaces.

I Consumption of fuel oil without the proposed | Consumption of fuel oil with the proposed

Furnace type of the additive boiler, t/hour by cage, t/hour

Short drum furnace

PTK-4 boiler

CHP boiler (50 tons of steam per hour)

CHP boiler (200 tons of steam per hour)

Note: the additive was added to fuel oil in the amount of 0.0022-0.0026 wt. 90

Table 6

The results of the research of oils and oils with the use of additives.

Index / numbers 1023451 e| ||| yu| and | with t

Wear spot at 200 pressure

H during 0.3410321033103210321032103310321|0.3210,3310,3610,361| 0.31 | 0.51 hours, mm

Note: the sample numbers in Table 1 correspond to the sample numbers in Table 6. Column 14 shows the result obtained on oil without the proposed additive.

Computer layout A. Kryzhanivskyi Signature Circulation 28 approx.

Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine

State Department of Intellectual Property, str. Urytskogo, 45, Kyiv, MSP, 03680, Ukraine

SE "Ukrainian Institute of Industrial Property", str. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601