CZ2013449A3 - Fuel additive and fuel containing such additive - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution provides a fuel additive which contains 10 to 97.99 wt. % monohydric alcohols, e.g. % urea, 0.01 to 3 wt. % boric acid, and 1 to 85 wt. water. Further, the additive may contain 0.1 to 3 wt. isooleic acids and 0.1 to 30% wt. glycerol or ethylene glycol. The present invention also provides a fuel composition comprising fuel and 0.0001 to 0.1 wt. provided ingredients.

Description

The present invention is in the field of the petrochemical industry, and more particularly relates to fuel additives and fuels containing these additives.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Additives are known which increase the octane number of gasoline, improve fuel economy and increase the engine efficiency coefficient, and also allow the recovery of emulsions from water and hydrocarbons (RU)

O. 2128209, RU 2132359, RU 2139914, US 75-9929, US 5,792223, EP 0134380, EP 0229089 and others). Increasingly, the liquid fuel is at least a two-phase liquid emulsion with water (RU 2010842, RU 2109797, RU 2134715, RU 2144059, RU 3592779 and others).

In the context of stricter environmental protection requirements and high energy resource prices, the development of fuel efficiency enhancing additives is very topical. The closest prior art of the present invention is an internal combustion engine fuel additive known from RU 2034905, which contains CnC4 aliphatic alcohol, urea, acetic acid and water with the following components:

- C1-C4 aliphatic alcohol

urea up to 84 wt / wt of up to 12 wt. _; %

- acetic acid

- up to 12% water by weight:

% to 24% by weight).

This additive improves the combustion process of the fuel, thereby reducing fuel consumption and reducing the amount of harmful substances that are generated during the combustion of the fuel.

The disadvantage of the additive described is its high corrosion activity and extremely low solubility in hydrocarbon fuel, which complicates its use and reduces the field of application.

It is an object of the present invention to develop a fuel additive with less corrosion activity, high solubility in any kind of fuel and with increased catalytic capabilities.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This is achieved by improving the formulation of the ingredient. To reduce the corrosive activity of the additive based on aliphatic alcohols, acetic acid is replaced by boric acid while reducing its content, and the urea content of the additive is increased.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a fuel additive comprising:

C2 -C4 monohydric alcohols

- urea

- boric acid

water up to 97.99% by weight. % to 30 wt. % <

0.01 to 3 wt.% / To 85 wt. %

The additive may advantageously further comprise 0.1 to 3 wt. isooleic acid and 0.1 to 30 wt.% glycerol or ethylene glycol.

In a preferred embodiment, the additive may have the following composition:

C2 -C4 monohydric alcohols to 97.79 wt. % I,

- urea up to 3 Qi% by weight ·

- boric acid

- Isooleic acid

- glycerol or ethylene glycol

- water

0.01 to 3 wt. % < ^!

0.1 to 3 wt. %> ¹ 0.1 30íhmotn.,%) 'To 85''hmotn% _t.'

Our research has shown that boric acid is an excellent combustion catalyst in microscopic doses.

The additive of the present invention is stable and is an excellent catalyst for the fuel combustion process.

The additive of the present invention is prepared by mixing the ingredients at room temperature.

Another object of the invention is a fuel composition comprising a fuel and an additive according to the invention in the following weight ratio of components:

- additive 0.0001 to 0.1 wt. %

- liquid or solid fuel residue up to 100 wt. %.

The liquid fuel may be diesel fuel.

The solid fuel may be coal or fuel briquettes from vegetable raw materials.

The fuel of the invention burns well while reducing the soot particles and toxic products.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Eight samples of the additive according to the invention with the composition according to Table 1 were prepared, as well as 8 samples of the fuel with this additive with the composition according to Table 2, which were tested in comparison with the known additive (labeled "prototype").

Table 1: Composition of additive samples,% by weight content of ingredients _; · I

Folders Prototype 1 2 3 4 5 6 Urea 8 30 4 1 2 3 6 Ethyl alcohol 10 10 Butyl alcohol 20 May 10 Isopropyl alcohol 72 97.99 94.80 Acetic acid 4 Boric acid 3 1 0.01 1 1 2 Isooleic acid 0.1 3 1 Glycerol 0.1 1 Ethylene glycol 30 Water 16 47 85 1 2 53 80

Table 2: Composition of fuel samples,% by weight

Folders Additive specification Prototype 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ingredient 0.003 0.001 0.01 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 Diesel fuel to 100 to 100 to 100 Coal to 100 to 100 Wood briquettes to 100 to 100

Additive fuel parameters are listed in Tables 3 and 4.

Table 3: Additive diesel fuel parameters

Parameters No additive Prototype 3 4 Space flame temperature, ° C 560 730 860 880 Exhaust CO content, mg / m ^J 13 9 3 1 Fuel consumption for boiler water heating from $ 70 | to 90 ° C in grams 1240 1210 1185 1160

Table 4: Solid fuel parameters with additive

Parameters Prototype Examples Coal Briquettes 1 2 5 6 Boiler furnace temperature, ° C 280 311 520 318 514 326 Exhaust CO content, mg / m ³ 10840 8740 6130 6900 6480 7160 Combustion efficiency coefficient,% 74.3 69.1 81.1 76.8 86.0 79.4

The fuel parameters show that the additive according to the invention and the fuel containing it are more efficient than the known products.

Claims (4)

1. A fuel additive comprising: C2 -C4 monohydric alcohols - urea - boric acid - water 10 to 97.99 wt. _; % 1 to 30 wt. % i ' 0.01 to 3% by weight,% i ' 1 to 85% by weight 2. The additive according to claim 1, further comprising 0.1 to 3 wt. % isooleic acid and 0.1 to 30 wt. % glycerol or ethylene glycol. 3. A fuel composition comprising fuel and 0.0001 to 0.1 wt. % of additives according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The fuel composition of claim 3 wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of diesel fuel, coal, fuel briquettes from vegetable raw materials.