CN101180384A - Universal additive for agent lubricant oil and lubricant oil, and fuel oil/scheme/diesel oil/scheme for internal-burning type engines and include including universal additive agent and firing fuel oil - Google Patents
Universal additive for agent lubricant oil and lubricant oil, and fuel oil/scheme/diesel oil/scheme for internal-burning type engines and include including universal additive agent and firing fuel oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101180384A CN101180384A CNA2006800014671A CN200680001467A CN101180384A CN 101180384 A CN101180384 A CN 101180384A CN A2006800014671 A CNA2006800014671 A CN A2006800014671A CN 200680001467 A CN200680001467 A CN 200680001467A CN 101180384 A CN101180384 A CN 101180384A
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- additive
- oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
- C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
- C10L1/1857—Aldehydes; Ketones
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
- C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2227—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond urea; derivatives thereof; urethane
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/08—Amides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
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Abstract
A fingerboard (1) for a necked (3) string instrument (2) allows the removable insertion of frets not hindering the musical performance and it comprises: a fingering surface (10) arranged adjacent to strings (11) of the string instrument (2) that are manipulated by a user to determine the intonation of the strings (11) for semitones; and a removable system (70) for indicating frets (50) on the fingerboard (1) comprising one or more wires (20) to be arranged on the fingering surface (10) and means (75) for arranging said wires (20) on the fingering surface (10) and along connecting paths located internally to the body of the fingerboard (1) and/or along the side edges (4') of the fingerboard (1).
Description
The invention of being recommended belongs to the petroleum chemistry field, promptly relates to lubricating oil and fuel oil universal additive, and comprises the fuel oil of lighting a fire that internal combustion engine fuel oil, diesel oil, thermoelectric power station stove and the metal smelting furnace of universal additive are used.
By its technological property, approaching most to recommend the additive of universal additive is to comprise C
1-C
4The lubricating oil fuel oil universal additive of the saturated alcohol and water of the aliphatics monobasic/patent of invention № of the Russian Federation 2034905, М П К 6 C10L1/18, C10L1/22, date of declaration: 1995.05.10/.Except mentioned component, this additive comprises urea and acetic acid.
When the shortcoming of above-mentioned additive is to use this additive, some metal partss of oil supply system, especially the metal parts of internal combustion type carburetor engine suffers excessive corrosion and wearing and tearing, causes the lifetime of engine to shorten.
Approaching most to recommend the fuel oil of internal combustion engine fuel oil is the fuel oil/patent of invention № of the Russian Federation 2057787 that comprises liquid hydrocarbon mixture and be dissolved in a small amount of additive in the liquid hydrocarbon mixture, М П К 6 C10L1/18, C10L1/22, C10L1/28; Date of declaration: 1996.04.10/.Above-mentioned fuel oil comprises gasoline fraction and kerosene-gas oil fraction, also comprises organic pure nitrate, the senior ester copolymer of carboxylic acid and vinyl monomer, organic acid metal polymkeric substance and methyl silicone in addition.
The burning that above-mentioned fuel oil can improve hydrocarbon fuel by means of the additive that comprises metal, but the metal ingredient in the fuel oil is accelerated the corrosion and the wearing and tearing of metal parts, thus shorten the lifetime of engine.
At diesel engine, approaching most to recommend the fuel oil of fuel oil is the fuel oil that comprises liquid hydrocarbon mixture and be dissolved in a small amount of additive of liquid hydrocarbon mixture.The patent of invention № of/Russian Federation 2057787, М П К 6 C10L1/18, C10L1/22, C10L1/28; Date of declaration: 1996.04.10/.Above-mentioned fuel oil comprises gasoline fraction and kerosene-gas oil fraction, comprises organic pure nitrate, the senior ester copolymer of carboxylic acid and vinyl monomer, organic acid metal polymkeric substance and methyl silicone in addition.
The burning that above-mentioned fuel oil can improve hydrocarbon fuel by means of the additive that comprises metal, but the metal ingredient in the fuel oil is accelerated the corrosion and the wearing and tearing of engine metal parts, thus shorten the lifetime of engine.
The inventor does not find about use the data in the fuel composition of thermoelectric power station roasting kiln and metal smelting furnace as the fuel oil of lighting a fire, so, select the fuel oil that comprises liquid hydrocarbon mixture and be dissolved in a small amount of additive of liquid hydrocarbon mixture as the fuel oil that approaches most to recommend fuel oil.The patent of invention № of/Russian Federation 2246528, М П К 7 C10L1/22, date of declaration: 2005.02.20/.
The shortcoming of above-mentioned fuel oil is when using in thermoelectric power station roasting kiln and metal smelting furnace as the fuel oil of lighting a fire this fuel oil, to need to use a large amount of additives, causes and adopts this fuel tape additive uneconomical.
In the above in the fuel composition of Miao Shuing, the thermo-efficiency of engine improves gives the credit to that incendiary increases and it doesn't matter with the ion process that forms the stabilizing ion environment around gas particle.This character show as in ionic compound central ion external electric field the compound molecule polarization.Degree of polarization with Mo Er refraction show-be material refractive index function, its molecular mass and concentration, do not depend on the polymerization state of temperature.
Molar refraction, Rm, rice
3/ mole, the formula of measuring and calculating is as follows:
Rm＝(n
2-1)/(n
2+1)·M/，
N-reflects numerical value;
The M-molar mass, kilogram/mole;
-concentration, kilogram/rice
3
The molar refraction of well-known additive has not high numerical value relatively, generally is no more than 3*10
-5Rice
3/ mole is the ion process when so this additive does not influence fuel combustion substantially and can't improve the thermo-efficiency of engine.
The invention basic task of being recommended is for creating a kind of lubricating oil fuel oil universal additive and fuel oil composition that is added in engine motor oil, wheel box profit oil, lubricating oil, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, light a fire fuel oil and the heavy oil, and make this additive and fuel oil composition not only can reduce the toxic of grease (carbon distribution) and reduction institute emission gases, and by form the double ion layer in the metallic surface, create the condition that improves molar refraction, thereby reduce the wearing and tearing of oil supply system metal parts.
The fuel universal additive of being recommended as well-known additive, comprises C
1-C
4The saturated alcohol and water of aliphatics monobasic, and according to invention, it comprises the saturated monobasic C of water-soluble and/or alcohol dissolubility in addition
2-C
5The ammonium salt of carboxylic acid and/or carbonic acid and/or urea, (mass percent %) is as follows for the composition ratio:
C
1-C
4Aliphatics monobasic saturated alcohol
0,1-82
The saturated monobasic C of water-soluble and/or alcohol dissolubility
2-C
5The ammonium salt of carboxylic acid and/or carbonic acid
0,1-16
And/or urea 0,1-44
In the water-100
Be applicable to the first string of fuel that internal combustion engine is recommended, comprise liquid hydrocarbon mixture and the additive that is dissolved in liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and according to invention, adopt gasoline as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, adopt the universal fuel additive as additive, this provides above additive component, and (mass percent %) is as follows for the composition ratio:
Universal additive-0,0000050...0,0008
Gasoline-other.
Be applicable to second scheme of fuel that internal combustion engine is recommended, comprise liquid hydrocarbon mixture and the additive that is dissolved in liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and according to invention, adopt heavy oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, adopt the universal fuel additive as additive, this provides above additive component, and (mass percent %) is as follows for the composition ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,005
In the heavy oil-100.
Be applicable to the first string of fuel that diesel engine is recommended, comprise liquid hydrocarbon mixture and the additive that is dissolved in liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and according to invention, adopt diesel oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, adopt the universal fuel additive as additive, this provides above additive component, and (mass percent %) is as follows for the composition ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,0025
In the diesel oil-100.
Be applicable to second scheme of fuel that diesel engine is recommended, comprise liquid hydrocarbon mixture and the additive that is dissolved in liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and according to invention, adopt rape seed oil and/or diesel oil and/or rapeseed oil methyl ether as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, adopt the universal fuel additive as additive, this provides above additive component, and (mass percent %) is as follows for the composition ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,0025
Diesel oil and/or rapeseed oil methyl ether-10...90
In the rapeseed oil-100.
Be applicable to the 3rd scheme of fuel that diesel engine is recommended, comprise liquid hydrocarbon mixture and the additive that is dissolved in liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and according to invention, adopt the rape seed oil methyl ether as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, adopt the universal fuel additive as additive, this provides above additive component, and (mass percent %) is as follows for the composition ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,0025
In the rapeseed oil methyl ether-100.
The combustion fuel that thermoelectric power station and metal smelting furnace are used comprises liquid hydrocarbon mixture and is dissolved in the additive of liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and according to invention, adopt heavy oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, adopt the universal fuel additive as additive, this provides above additive component, and (mass percent %) is as follows for the composition ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,005
In the heavy oil-100.
The inventor finds that some organic compound has the high degree of polarization ability.This polar molar refraction numerical value is not less than 5*10
-53/ mole in rice.Because this performance because of the ionic diffusion phenomena, can make the rapid savings of the superfluous negative ion in the inside, combustion chamber during oil inflame, make the electrostatic pressure of the same sex electric charge formation of mutual repulsion towards the pistons work surface.The formation of this electrostatic pressure causes because the partial heat energy of products of combustion molecule converts volume charge electrostatic field ion potential energy to.During travel of piston, along with the increase of working volume, this potential energy fully converts effective work to.So, have under the electrostatic energy situation, the heat accumulative that converts work to is greater than expansion process produced under no ion diffusion condition heat.To add organic substance toward fuel oil with above-mentioned performance, i.e. additive, thus can ensure that the raising of engine thermal efficiency is because the cylinder operation decrease of temperature can reduce the toxic of waste gas.In addition,, add the low-temperature burning condition, make the wearing and tearing that reduce engine and impel the lifetime that prolongs the catalysis purifier because products of combustion does not have hard impurity and halogen.
The universal additive of being recommended is a kind of compound, and its constitutional formula is as follows:
R
1-CH＝CH-C＝O
|
X
Perhaps
R
1-N-C＝O
| |
R
2 X
R
1-replace or non-substituted aryl, alkyl or alkylene;
R
2-hydrogen, aryl or alkyl;
X-replaces or non-substituted-amino, replacement or non-substituted aryl, alkyl or alkylene.
This compound can be: (molar refraction numerical value is 7 to hexichol pentadiene ketone, 29*10
-5Rice
3/ mole), (molar refraction numerical value is 6 to N-Whitfield's ointment phenyl amide, 04*10
-5Rice
3/ mole), N, N '-dimethyl-N, (molar refraction numerical value is 7 to N '-hexichol urea, 22*10
-5Rice
3/ mole), N, N '-phenylbenzene-N, (molar refraction numerical value is 8 to N '-diformazan urea, 15*10
-5Rice
3/ mole) or N, N '-diisopropyl-N, (molar refraction numerical value is 9 to N '-hexichol urea, 08*10
-5Rice
3/ mole).
Except top described, can adopt other compound that meets above-mentioned requirements.
The fuel oil universal additive of being recommended can be annotated in a conventional manner.Generally, this additive is annotated as enriched material, and enriched material is made up of additive body and liquid carrier thereof.This enriched material generally comprises 5 to 50 mass percent % additives, is generally the solution that is added in the petroleum products.Can adopt organic solvent as liquid carrier, such as petroleum fractions, aromatic hydrocarbons, paraffinic hydrocarbon.Selecting the prerequisite of liquid carrier is that it must have consistency with additive and fuel oil.
The inventor is by test, determine recommend to use in the fuel fuel oil universal additive optimum composition and component proportions.Such as, the fuel universal additive comprises the saturated monobasic C of water-soluble and/or alcohol dissolubility
2-C
5The ammonium salt of carboxylic acid and/or carbonic acid guarantees to form necessary double ion layer.The quantity of above-mentioned substance is 0, and 1-16 mass percent % is also optimum.Because when being less than 0,1 mass percent %, use the effect of fuel universal additive not show substantially as ammonium salt quantity.In addition, when surpassing 16 mass percent %, can not produce economic benefit, because increase the raising that content can not impel fuel combustion speed as above-mentioned substances content increased value.Above-mentioned substance plays ion and generates the body effect in recommending additive.Urea plays a part same at the additive of recommending.Urea can replace the saturated monobasic C of water-soluble and/or alcohol dissolubility in the fuel universal additive
2-C
5The ammonium salt of carboxylic acid and/or carbonic acid or single use are perhaps caught up with and are stated ammonium salt and use simultaneously.By the optimum content of the urea of test determination is 0,1-44 mass percent %.Be less than the saturated monobasic C that 0,1 mass percent % does not also have simultaneously water-soluble and/or alcohol dissolubility at urea content
2-C
5Under the ammonium salt situation of carboxylic acid and/or carbonic acid, adopt the fuel universal additive not have effect substantially.Simultaneously, the urea content increased value surpasses 44 mass percent %, does not have basis, because can cause the destruction of formed sheath.
The three-dimensional arrangement of stable hydrocarbon molecule-internal combustion engine tradition fuel oil-as the C that annotates according to top dated component proportions
1-C
4Fatty alcohol and acetic acid make the chain reaction ramose destroy before producing fireworks, thereby do not produce superoxide, be i.e. Bao Zha reason.This can make and improve oil inflame speed, because the speed of oxygen replacement hydrogen is also fast, comprises most of hydrocarbon.Produced simultaneously heat also increases, and promptly increases the efficient of engine, and the lip-deep grease of bucket cylinder reduces, and the toxic reduction of waste gas is not only when diesel engine works long hours, and when engine prewarming.
The internal combustion engine of recommending with in the first scheme fuel oil, adopt the gasoline that the most generally uses as liquid hydrocarbon mixture.Show that according to test-results only universal additive content is 0 in the gasoline, 0000050...0,0008 mass percent %.When universal additive content was less than 0,0000050 mass percent %, when using with gasoline, its efficient did not show substantially.Identical, surpass 0,0008 mass percent % as the additive level that adopts, cause and adopt additive not have economic benefit, because can not impel the raising of fuel combustion intensity.
The internal combustion engine of recommending with in the alternative plan fuel oil, adopt heavy oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture.Show that according to test-results only universal additive content is 0 in the heavy oil, 00001...0,005 mass percent %.When universal additive content was less than 0,00001 mass percent %, when using with heavy oil, its efficient did not show substantially.Identical, surpass 0,005 mass percent % as the additive level that adopts, cause and adopt additive not have economic benefit, because can not impel the raising of heavy oil combustion intensity.
In the use for diesel engine of the recommending first scheme fuel oil, adopt diesel oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture.Show that according to test-results only universal additive content is 0 in the diesel oil, 00001...0,0025 mass percent %.When universal additive content was less than 0,00001 mass percent %, when using with diesel oil, its efficient did not show substantially.Identical, surpass 0,0025 mass percent % as the additive level that adopts, cause and adopt additive not have economic benefit, because can not impel the raising of fuel combustion intensity.
Recommend in the use for diesel engine alternative plan fuel oil, adopt rape seed oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture.Show that according to test-results only universal additive content is 0 in the rape seed oil, 00001...0,0025 mass percent %.When universal additive content was less than 0,00001 mass percent %, when using with rape seed oil, its efficient did not show substantially.Identical, surpass 0,0025 mass percent % as the additive level that adopts, cause and adopt additive not have economic benefit, because can not impel the raising of fuel combustion intensity.
Recommend in the use for diesel engine third party case fuel oil, adopt the rape seed oil methyl ether as liquid hydrocarbon mixture.Show that according to test-results only universal additive content is 0 in the rape seed oil methyl ether, 00001...0,0025 mass percent %.When universal additive content was less than 0,00001 mass percent %, when using with the rape seed oil methyl ether, its efficient did not show substantially.Identical, surpass 0,0025 mass percent % as the additive level that adopts, cause and adopt additive not have economic benefit, because can not impel the raising of fuel combustion intensity.
Thermoelectric power station of being recommended and metal smelting furnace adopt heavy oil with in the fuel oil of lighting a fire as liquid hydrocarbon mixture.Show that according to test-results only universal additive content is 0 in the heavy oil, 00001...0,005 mass percent %.When universal additive content was less than 0,00001 mass percent %, when using with heavy oil, its efficient did not show substantially.Identical, surpass 0,005 mass percent % as the additive level that adopts, cause and adopt additive not have economic benefit, because can not impel the raising of fuel combustion intensity.
The universal additive of being recommended uses as the additive of lubricant, even be used in car and truck with in engine lubrication fat and lubricating oil, gear-box lubricating oil, gear reducer lube, the cylinder stock oil.Only universal additive content is 0 in the lubricating oil, 00001...0, and 15 mass percent % form the double ion layer because this quantity of additive can make, and make the rate of wear of reducing friction and reducing fricting couple piece.When universal additive content was less than 0,00001 mass percent %, when using with lubricating oil, its efficient did not show substantially.Identical, surpass 0,15 mass percent % as the additive level that adopts, can cause the destruction of double ion layer, thereby cause the disappearance of additive result of use.
For example: make lubricating oil fuel oil universal additive earlier, production method is as follows: mentioned component is stirred in together according to aforementioned proportion, stirs until whole thawings of ammonium salt and/or urea.
For the efficient that fuel oil additive is recommended in test check, produce the additive of 13 kinds of compositions altogether, service efficiency the best of 9 kinds of additives wherein, test-results please be seen table 1.
Test is carried out according to the method for routine, and vehicle is carried out once in test: З И Л-130,138, Γ А З-24, В А З-21011,2103, TOYOTA CAMRY 2,4, TOYOTA CRESIDA 1,6; Passenger vehicle Л А З-699P and И κ а р у с-280:
CO and CH content-measure according to national standard Γ OCT 21393-75; The combustor surface state is measured according to national standard Γ OCT 20991-75 (being applicable to petrol engine) with according to national standard Γ OCT 20303-74 (being applicable to diesel engine).Test-results please be seen table 2.As an example, provide in the table about taking the data of Γ А З 24 motor car engines (gasoline model А И-93) test fuel universal additive.When measuring the smoke density of diesel oil, engine has as follows: passenger vehicle И κ а р у с-280, Karma be truck К а м А З-5220, SCANIA 3664, VOLVO FH-12, RENAULT5489,95 horsepowers of TOYOTA HIACE, 2 tons 95 horsepowers of TOYOTA DYNA now.
Content of impurities is measured according to national standard Γ OCT 6370-83.At the above-mentioned several fuel of test and when adopting on hand instrument, do not find mechanical impurity.
Can see according to the data on the form, when adopting the fuel universal additive of recommending composition (1-5 example), if compare, can make the discharging of the objectionable impurities (CO and CH) on the atmosphere reduce 5-20 times with the gasoline (the 15th example) of additive that does not contain recommendation; Compare with prototype additive (the 14th example) for another example, noxious emission can reduce 5-10 doubly.The 18-40 of the power of engine increase simultaneously mass percent % (when adopting the prototype additive-increase 4-5 mass percent %), fuel oil consumption minimizing 15-27 mass percent % (when adopting the prototype additive-minimizing 4-5 mass percent %).The diesel engine tobacco grower degree that employing contains additive diesel oil reduces 6-19 doubly (when adopting the prototype additive-minimizings 1,5-2 times).In addition, can obviously prevent the phenomenon of carbon distribution on engine piston piston ring group.The cumulative point of combustor surface state is reduced to 1 from 6,5 of gasoline, 3-1,4 marks.(adopting prototype additive time-6 mark).Best index respectively to different engine types, please be seen 3 and 4 forms.
In a word, by adopting the additive of recommending, can obtain quite significantly economic benefit because can obviously reduce noxious emission on the atmosphere, reduce fuel oil and lubricating oil consumption, improve the maintenance intervals mileage of engine power, prolongation engine.
Thermoelectric power station of being recommended and metal smelting furnace combustion fuel were once tested at short rotary kiln, fuming furnace, П Т К-4 boiler and Martin furnace.Test-results please be seen table 5.
The comparative test result of tradition fuel oil and recommendation fuel oil shows the superiority of recommending fuel oil.Its superiority is the efficient (table 1) that reduces discharge of poisonous waste and improve engine, and can reduce 1 by engine scuffing, 5...2,0 times, sparking plug is not had can prolong the work-ing life of destroying infection, catalysis purifier 20 mass percent %...40 mass percent %.
The universal additive efficient of being recommended was once tested at 14 kinds of lubricating oil, the lubricating oil of these 14 kinds of brands is as follows: " А Н Γ Р О Л " (Т y 0253-270-05742746-94/3/), " В Е Л С TPAHC " (Т y 0253-071-00140636-95/7/), " Н О Р С И " (Т y 38.601-07-19-93/4/), " С А М О Й Л 4405 " (Т y 38.301-13-012-97/6/), ESSO ATF D, ESSOTORQUE FLUID 30, ESSO GEAR OIL LS 85W-90, ESSO TORQUEFLUID 50, ESSO TORQUE FLUID 62, Mobilube SHC 75W-90LS, MobilubeHD 80W-90, Mobilube HD SOW-90, Mobilube GX 80W-A, Mobilube ATFSHC.
Test-results please be seen table 6.
Table 3
The fuel consumption synopsis of the different model engine of some automobiles and passenger vehicle
| Automotive type | Type of fuel | Consumption, 100 kilometers/liter not dopings | Consumption, 100 kilometers/liter dopings |
| ΓАЗ-24 | АИ-93 | 11,2 | 8,2 |
| ВАЗ-2103 | A-76 | 9,8 | 7,7 |
| ЗИЛ-138 | A-50 | 34 | 26,2 |
| ЗИЛ-138 | A-76 | 31,2 | 22,7 |
| ЛАЗ-699P | A-76 | 39 | 30,5 |
| Karma is К а м А З-5320 now | Diesel oil | 24,7 | 19,7 |
| Иκарус-280 | Diesel oil | 39,8 | 33,4 |
| Si Kaniya SCANIA 3664 | Diesel oil | 47 | 37,3 |
| Volvo VOLVO FH-12 | Diesel oil | 40,58 | 37,8 |
| Reynolds RENAULT 5489 | Diesel oil | 51,16 | 45,45 |
| The TOYOTA CAMRY of Toyota 2,4 | Mogas 92 | 10,5 | 9,25 |
| The TOYOTA CRESIDA of Toyota 1,6 | Mogas 92 | 9,5 | 8,46 |
| The TOYOTA HIACE95 of Toyota horsepower | Diesel oil | 9,4 | 8,1 |
| The TOYOTA DYNA2 of Toyota ton, 95 horsepowers | Diesel oil | 10,84 | 9,25 |
Claims (7)
1. comprise C
1-C
4The lubricating oil fuel oil universal additive of the saturated alcohol and water of aliphatics monobasic, characteristics are that it comprises the saturated monobasic C of water-soluble and/or alcohol dissolubility in addition
2-C
5The ammonium salt of carboxylic acid and/or carbonic acid and/or urea, (mass percent %) is as follows for component ratio:
C
1-C
4Aliphatics monobasic saturated alcohol-0,1-82
The saturated monobasic C of water-soluble and/or alcohol dissolubility
2-C
5The ammonium salt of carboxylic acid and/or carbonic acid-0,1-16
And/or urea-0,1-44
In the water-100.
2. comprise the internal combustion engine fuel oil that additive that liquid hydrocarbon mixture and comprising is dissolved in the liquid hydrocarbon mixture is recommended, it is characterized in that adopting gasoline as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and adopt at the universal fuel additive described in the claim 1 as additive, (mass percent %) is as follows for component ratio:
Universal additive-0,0000050...0,0008
In the gasoline-100.
3. comprise the internal combustion engine fuel oil that additive that liquid hydrocarbon mixture and comprising is dissolved in the liquid hydrocarbon mixture is recommended, it is characterized in that adopting heavy oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and adopt at the universal fuel additive described in the claim 1 as additive, (mass percent %) is as follows for component ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,005
In the heavy oil-100.
4. comprise the use for diesel engine fuel oil that additive that liquid hydrocarbon mixture and comprising is dissolved in the liquid hydrocarbon mixture is recommended, it is characterized in that adopting diesel oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and adopt at the universal fuel additive described in the claim 1 as additive, (mass percent %) is as follows for component ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,0025
In the diesel oil-100.
5. comprise the use for diesel engine fuel oil that additive that liquid hydrocarbon mixture and comprising is dissolved in the liquid hydrocarbon mixture is recommended, it is characterized in that adopting rape seed oil and/or diesel oil and/or rape seed oil methyl ether as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and adopt at the universal fuel additive described in the claim 1 as additive, (mass percent %) is as follows for component ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,0025
Diesel oil and/or rape seed oil methyl ether-10...90
In the rape seed oil-100.
6. comprise the use for diesel engine fuel oil that additive that liquid hydrocarbon mixture and comprising is dissolved in the liquid hydrocarbon mixture is recommended, it is characterized in that adopting the rape seed oil methyl ether as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and adopt at the universal fuel additive described in the claim 1 as additive, (mass percent %) is as follows for component ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,0025
In the rape seed oil methyl ether-100.
7. comprise thermoelectric power station that additive that liquid hydrocarbon mixture and comprising is dissolved in the liquid hydrocarbon mixture recommends and metal smelting furnace with the fuel oil of lighting a fire, it is characterized in that adopting combusting heavy oil as liquid hydrocarbon mixture, and adopt at the universal fuel additive described in the claim 1 as additive, (mass percent %) is as follows for component ratio:
Universal additive-0,00001...0,005
In the heavy oil-100.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| UAA200602282 | 2006-03-02 | ||
| UAA200602282A UA88878C2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2006-03-02 | Universal additive for lubricating oils and fuel materials, fuel for internal combustion engine /variants/, for diesel engine, and furnace fuel |
| PCT/UA2006/000015 WO2007100309A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2006-03-28 | Versatile additive to lubricating and fuel materials and fuels containing said additive |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101180384A true CN101180384A (en) | 2008-05-14 |
| CN101180384B CN101180384B (en) | 2012-08-22 |
Family
ID=38459338
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800014671A Expired - Fee Related CN101180384B (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2006-03-28 | Universal additive for agent lubricant oil and lubricant oil, and fuel oil/scheme/diesel oil/scheme for internal-burning type engines and include including universal additive agent and firing fuel oil |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1990397A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101180384B (en) |
| UA (1) | UA88878C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007100309A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106318483A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-11 | 石世伦 | Alcohol-ether fuel and emission-reduction gasoline thereof |
| CN107810256A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2018-03-16 | 石油加工有限责任公司 | Multifunctional universal fuel additive |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UA99885C2 (en) * | 2009-03-07 | 2012-10-10 | Пшедсеберство Велобранзове Прима Сп. З.О.О. | Combustion modifier of solid, liquid and gaseous fuel, process for its processing and using |
| PL209478B1 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2011-09-30 | Przedsiębiorstwo Wielobranżowe Prima Społka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialno&Sac | Modifier for combustion of liquid and gaseous fuels in combustion engines, method for modifying the combustion process and the use of combustion modifier |
| CZ2013449A3 (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2014-10-15 | Loktionov Sergey Vyacheslavovich | Fuel additive and fuel containing such additive |
| US10723966B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2020-07-28 | Universidad De La Frontera | Bio-additive for heavy oils, which comprises rapeseed oil methyl esters, surfactants, diluents and metal oxides, and use thereof for reducing polluting emissions and as a combustion efficiency bio-enhancer for heavy oils |
| RU2602076C1 (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-11-10 | Юрий Александрович Пименов | Method of fuel composition production |
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| US2776262A (en) * | 1949-12-29 | 1957-01-01 | California Research Corp | Knock-suppressing composition |
| FR2492402A1 (en) * | 1980-10-21 | 1982-04-23 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Diesel fuels contg. fatty acid ester(s) - obtd. e.g. by methanolysis of vegetable or animal fats or oils |
| FR2496119A1 (en) * | 1980-12-15 | 1982-06-18 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Diesel fuels based on gas oil and methanol - contg. lower alkyl fatty acid ester |
| US4950387A (en) | 1988-10-21 | 1990-08-21 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Upgrading of cracking gasoline |
| US4897086A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-01-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Lubricant and fuel compositions containing reaction products of polyalkenyl succinimides, aldehydes, and triazoles |
| RU2034905C1 (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1995-05-10 | Коллективное малое научно-производственное внедренческое предприятие "Адиоз" | Universal additive agent to the internal-combustion engine fuel |
| RU2090654C1 (en) * | 1993-09-02 | 1997-09-20 | Российский научный центр "Прикладная химия" | Inhibitor of corrosion for anhydrous acetic mediums |
| RU2057787C1 (en) | 1994-10-10 | 1996-04-10 | Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью "Компромисс" | Composition of hydrocarbon fuel |
| RU2058375C1 (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1996-04-20 | Акционерное общество открытого типа "Новокуйбышевский нефтеперерабатывающий завод" | Composition of additive for lubricating oils and lubricating oil containing it |
| AU7755098A (en) * | 1997-06-09 | 1998-12-30 | Donald Murray Craig | Additives enabling blending of polar and non-polar fuel components |
| WO1999035215A2 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-15 | Deborah Wenzel | An additive composition also used as a fuel composition comprising water soluble alcohols |
| US6017368A (en) * | 1998-06-22 | 2000-01-25 | Steinmann; Henry W | Microemulsion fuel compositions for the internal combustion engine and for oil furnaces |
| US20020088167A1 (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 2002-07-11 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Emulsified water-blended fuel compositions |
| RU2246528C1 (en) | 2003-11-13 | 2005-02-20 | Петров Дмитрий Георгиевич | Fuel composition |
-
2006
- 2006-03-02 UA UAA200602282A patent/UA88878C2/en unknown
- 2006-03-28 EP EP06748142A patent/EP1990397A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-28 WO PCT/UA2006/000015 patent/WO2007100309A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-03-28 CN CN2006800014671A patent/CN101180384B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107810256A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2018-03-16 | 石油加工有限责任公司 | Multifunctional universal fuel additive |
| CN106318483A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-11 | 石世伦 | Alcohol-ether fuel and emission-reduction gasoline thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007100309A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 |
| EP1990397A4 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| EP1990397A1 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
| UA88878C2 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
| CN101180384B (en) | 2012-08-22 |
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